Forklift brake assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of brakes, in particular to a forklift brake assembly which comprises a parking piston, a cylinder body and a driving piston and further comprises a first spring and a second spring, the parking piston is in sliding connection with the cylinder body, the driving piston is also in sliding connection with the cylinder body, and the side, away from the cylinder body, of the driving piston is used for abutting against a friction plate. The parking piston and the driving piston are arranged on the two sides of the cylinder body respectively and abut against each other, the first spring is used for pushing the parking piston to move towards the driving piston, the second spring is used for pulling the driving piston to move towards the cylinder body, and the thrust of the first spring is larger than that of the second spring. Friction braking is conducted through the parking piston and the driving piston, the driving piston can be pushed by the parking piston to make whole-face contact with the friction plate, the braking effect can be further improved by increasing the contact area, meanwhile, the contact position can be more uniform during braking, and the problem of braking failure caused by abrasion can be further solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of brakes, and in particular to a forklift brake assembly. Background Art

[0002] A forklift is an industrial handling vehicle, which refers to various wheeled handling vehicles used for loading and unloading, stacking and short-distance transportation of palletized goods. The tires of this type of forklift are usually equipped with drum brakes to brake the tires.

[0003] Drum brakes utilize a brake transmission mechanism to cause the brake shoe to press the brake friction pad against the inside of the brake drum, thereby generating braking force, slowing down the wheels or stopping the car in the shortest distance as needed, to ensure driving safety and to ensure that the car is parked securely and cannot slip automatically. However, drum brakes usually use two arc-shaped brake pads to contact the brake drums on both sides at the same time to brake. The brake pads on both sides are prone to contact the brake drum in sequence, and it is easy for the brake pad on one side to wear too much and cause brake failure. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the existing lower drum brake usually uses two arc-shaped brake pads to contact the brake drums on both sides for braking, the brake pads on both sides are easy to contact the brake drum in sequence, and it is easy for the brake pad on one side to wear too much and cause brake failure, the application provides a forklift brake assembly, and the specific solution is as follows.

[0005] A forklift brake assembly includes a parking piston, a cylinder body, a driving piston, and a first spring and a second spring. The parking piston is slidably connected to the cylinder body, and the driving piston is also slidably connected to the cylinder body. The side of the driving piston away from the cylinder body is used to abut against a friction plate. The parking piston and the driving piston are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder body. The parking piston and the driving piston abut against each other. The first spring is used to push the parking piston toward the driving piston, and the second spring is used to pull the driving piston toward the cylinder body. The thrust of the first spring is greater than the thrust of the second spring. A first oil circuit is provided between the parking piston and the cylinder body, and the first oil circuit is used to inject oil. The oil injected into the first oil circuit can push the parking piston to move toward the side away from the cylinder body. A second oil circuit is provided between the driving piston and the cylinder body, and the second oil circuit is used to inject oil. The oil injected into the second oil circuit can push the driving piston to move toward the side away from the cylinder body.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, the parking piston and the driving piston are used for friction braking. The driving piston can be pushed by the parking piston to contact the friction plate on the entire surface. Increasing the contact area can further improve the braking effect and make the contact position more uniform during braking, which can further reduce the problem of brake failure due to wear. When parking, no oil is injected into the first oil circuit and the second oil circuit. Therefore, the first spring can overcome the pulling force of the second spring to push the driving piston toward the friction plate, thereby achieving braking during parking. When driving, oil is introduced into the first oil circuit. At this time, the parking piston can no longer push the driving piston. Therefore, the driving piston is separated from the friction plate, and the forklift can drive normally. The oil introduced into the second oil circuit can push the driving piston toward the friction plate to perform braking during driving.

[0007] Optionally, it also includes a pressure cover plate, one side of which is used to be installed on a forklift, and the other side of the pressure cover plate is arranged next to the parking piston, the pressure cover plate is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, the first spring is arranged between the pressure cover plate and the parking piston, one end of the first spring abuts the parking piston, and the other end of the parking piston abuts the pressure cover plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the arrangement of the gland plate can facilitate the installation of the forklift brake, and the arrangement of the first spring between the gland plate and the parking piston also makes it easier to drive the parking piston, thereby improving the stability during parking.

[0009] Optionally, a mounting groove is provided on the parking piston corresponding to the first spring, and a mounting groove is also provided on the pressure cover plate corresponding to the first spring, and the first spring is embedded in the mounting groove.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a mounting groove corresponding to the first spring, the position of the first spring can be limited, the deviation of the first spring when pushed can be reduced, and the stability during braking can be improved.

[0011] Optionally, a limiting groove is provided on the driving piston, a bolt is arranged in the limiting groove, the bolt passes through the driving piston and is threadedly connected to the cylinder body, the driving piston is slidingly connected to the bolt, and the head of the bolt is arranged in the limiting groove and can abut against the groove wall of the limiting groove.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, setting a limit groove and setting a bolt, the driving piston can interfere with the bolt during movement, thereby limiting the movement of the driving piston, reducing the situation where the driving piston moves excessively toward the friction plate and causes damage to the friction plate and the driving piston, and further improving the practical life of the driving piston.

[0013] Optionally, the second spring is arranged in a limiting groove, the second spring is sleeved on the bolt, one end of the second spring abuts against the groove wall of the limiting groove, and the other end of the second spring abuts against the head of the bolt, and when the first spring pushes the parking piston, the second spring deforms.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the second spring is set in the limit groove, which can limit the position of the second spring and reduce the deviation of the second spring. At the same time, it can cooperate with the bolt to push the driving piston and push the driving piston toward the cylinder body.

[0015] Optionally, the first oil circuit and the second oil circuit are not connected to each other, a plurality of sealing grooves are provided on the parking piston and the driving piston, sealing rings are provided in the sealing grooves, and the sealing rings are in contact with the cylinder body.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the first oil circuit and the second oil circuit are not connected to each other and are provided with multiple sealing rings for sealing, which can reduce the situation where the oil in the two oil circuits affects each other and causes brake failure, improve the stability of the brake, and improve driving safety.

[0017] Optionally, a first oil inlet is provided on the cylinder body corresponding to the first oil circuit, and the first oil inlet is communicated with the first oil circuit; a second oil inlet is provided on the cylinder body corresponding to the second oil circuit, and the second oil inlet is communicated with the second oil circuit.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the first oil inlet and the second oil inlet are respectively provided for the oil to flow in and out, so that the parking piston and the driving piston can be driven more conveniently.

[0019] Optionally, an annular groove is further provided on the end of the driving piston away from the cylinder body, a sliding groove is provided next to the annular groove, the annular groove and the sliding groove are both provided in an annular shape, a plurality of sliding blocks are provided in the sliding groove, a connecting spring is provided on the sliding block, one end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and a brake block is fixedly provided on the other end of the connecting spring, and the brake block is provided in the annular groove and extends out of the annular groove; A plurality of brake plates are arranged in the annular groove corresponding to the brake block, and the brake plates are all rotatably connected in the annular groove and a torsion spring is arranged at the rotation connection. The brake plates have a tendency to block the brake block, and the brake plates can be pushed by the brake block and do not interfere with each other after being pushed; A brake groove is also provided next to the annular groove, and the annular groove is connected with the brake groove. The annular groove is located between the sliding groove and the brake groove. A friction pad is fixedly provided in the brake groove. When the driving piston abuts against the friction plate, the brake block is pushed to abut against the friction pad. When the driving piston moves away from the friction plate, the connecting spring resets the brake block.

[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the driving piston moves toward the friction plate, the driving piston first rubs against the brake block. When less oil is injected, the brake block can first contact with the friction plate and be driven by the friction plate to move. During the movement, the brake block will continuously contact with the brake plate to provide braking force, and can perform buffer braking when the vehicle speed is slow. At this time, it will not cause wear to the driving piston. When more oil is injected, the brake block further contacts with the friction plate, and the friction plate can push the brake block into the brake groove. At this time, the brake block contacts with the friction pad, and the friction plate contacts with the driving piston, and the braking action can be performed at the same time. It can be quickly stopped when the vehicle speed is high. Using the brake block to brake at both ends can further buffer the friction, reduce the friction damage of the driving piston during braking, and further improve the service life.

[0021] Optionally, a side of the brake block close to the brake groove is configured in a conical shape, and the brake groove is configured in a tooth shape corresponding to the shape of the brake block.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the brake block is set to a cone shape, and the shape of the brake groove corresponding to the brake block is set to a tooth shape, which can further increase the friction force after the brake block enters the brake groove, and further improve the braking effect.

[0023] In summary, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application solves the problem that the drum brakes in the prior art usually use two arc-shaped brake pads to contact the brake drums on both sides for braking, and the brake pads on both sides are easy to contact the brake drums in sequence, which can easily cause excessive wear of the brake pad on one side and lead to brake failure. The present application achieves friction braking by contacting the driving piston with the friction pad through the cooperation of the driving piston and the parking piston, and brakes through the full-surface contact of the driving piston, thereby reducing the problem of brake failure caused by excessive wear of the brake pad on one side.

[0024] 2. The present application also provides brake blocks and brake plates, which can be used for buffering braking, and the brake blocks can be further pushed in to achieve normal braking, thereby further increasing and reducing wear during braking and increasing service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a front view of the second embodiment.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment, mainly used to show the driving piston.

[0028] Description of reference numerals: 1. parking piston; 11. first spring; 12. first oil circuit; 13. mounting groove; 14. first oil inlet; 15. sealing groove; 151. sealing ring; 2. Cylinder body; 3. Driving piston; 31. Second spring; 32. Second oil circuit; 33. Limiting groove; 331. Bolt; 34. Second oil inlet; 35. Annular groove; 351. Brake block; 352. Brake plate; 36. Sliding groove; 361. Sliding block; 37. Brake groove; 371. Friction pad; 38. Connecting spring; 4. Press cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present application is further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Embodiment 1 A forklift brake assembly, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a parking piston 1, a cylinder body 2, a driving piston 3, and also includes a first spring 11 and a second spring 31. The parking piston 1 is slidably connected to the cylinder body 2, and the driving piston 3 is also slidably connected to the cylinder body 2. The side of the driving piston 3 away from the cylinder body 2 is used to abut against the friction plate. The parking piston 1 and the driving piston 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder body 2. The parking piston 1 and the driving piston 3 abut against each other. The first spring 11 is used to push the parking piston 1 toward the driving piston 3, and the second spring 31 is used to pull the driving piston 3 toward the cylinder body 2. The thrust of the first spring 11 is greater than the thrust of the second spring 31. In specific implementation, the friction plate is a plate body installed on the tire, which can contact and rub with the driving piston 3 to brake.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a first oil circuit 12 is provided between the parking piston 1 and the cylinder body 2, and the first oil circuit 12 is used to inject oil. The oil injected into the first oil circuit 12 can push the parking piston 1 to move toward the side away from the cylinder body 2. A second oil circuit 32 is provided between the driving piston 3 and the cylinder body 2, and the second oil circuit 32 is used to inject oil. The oil injected into the second oil circuit 32 can push the driving piston 3 to move toward the side away from the cylinder body 2. The first oil circuit 12 and the second oil circuit 32 are not connected to each other. A plurality of sealing grooves 15 are provided on the parking piston 1 and the driving piston 3. A sealing ring 151 is provided in each of the sealing grooves 15, and the sealing ring 151 abuts against the cylinder body 2. In specific implementation, as shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown, the cylinder body 2 is provided with a first oil inlet 14 corresponding to the first oil circuit 12, and the first oil inlet 14 is connected to the first oil circuit 12. The cylinder body 2 is provided with a second oil inlet 34 corresponding to the second oil circuit 32, and the second oil inlet 34 is connected to the second oil circuit 32. When parking, no oil is injected into the first oil circuit 12 and the second oil circuit 32. Since the thrust of the first spring 11 is greater than the thrust of the second spring 31, the driving piston 3 can be in contact with the friction plate under the push of the parking piston 1, and is in the parking state at this time. When driving, it is necessary to introduce oil into the first oil circuit 12, and the oil will push the driving piston 3 toward a position away from the parking piston 1. At this time, the second spring 31 will push the driving piston 3 away from the friction plate, so that the vehicle can enter the driving state. In the driving state, injecting oil into the second oil circuit 32 will push the driving piston 3 toward the friction plate, so as to achieve braking during driving.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a gland plate 4, one side of which is used to be installed on the forklift, and the other side of the gland plate 4 is arranged beside the parking piston 1. The gland plate 4 is fixedly connected to the cylinder body 2, and the first spring 11 is arranged between the gland plate 4 and the parking piston 1. One end of the first spring 11 abuts against the parking piston 1, and the other end of the parking piston 1 abuts against the gland plate 4. In specific implementation, the side of the gland plate 4 away from the cylinder body 2 is installed on the vehicle body, which can effectively fix the brake, and the first spring 11 can effectively push the parking piston 1 under the support of the gland plate 4.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a mounting groove 13 is provided on the parking piston 1 corresponding to the first spring 11, and a mounting groove 13 is also provided on the gland plate 4 corresponding to the first spring 11, and the first spring 11 is embedded in the mounting groove 13. In a specific implementation, at least two mounting grooves 13 are provided on the parking piston 1, and each mounting groove 13 is provided with a first spring 11, so that the parking piston 1 can be pushed more effectively.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a limiting groove 33 is further provided on the driving piston 3, and a bolt 331 is provided in the limiting groove 33. The bolt 331 passes through the driving piston 3 and is threadedly connected to the cylinder body 2. The driving piston 3 is slidably connected to the bolt 331, and the head of the bolt 331 is provided in the limiting groove 33 and can abut against the groove wall of the limiting groove 33. In specific implementation, the driving piston 3 has a hole at the limiting groove 33 for the bolt 331 to pass through, and the threaded section of the bolt 331 can pass through while the head of the bolt 331 cannot pass through, so the head of the bolt 331 will limit the driving piston 3, thereby reducing the situation where the driving piston 3 is excessively displaced and the friction plate is squeezed, further improving safety, and also increasing the service life of the brake.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the second spring 31 is arranged in the limiting groove 33, and the second spring 31 is sleeved on the bolt 331. One end of the second spring 31 abuts against the groove wall of the limiting groove 33, and the other end of the second spring 31 abuts against the head of the bolt 331. When the first spring 11 pushes the parking piston 1, the second spring 31 deforms. In specific implementation, the second spring 31 is arranged between the head of the bolt 331 and the driving piston 3, and can resist deformation so as to push the driving piston 3 toward the cylinder body 2. When parking, the second spring 31 cannot overcome the thrust of the first spring 11 to produce deformation, and the driving piston 3 will move toward the friction plate, forming friction to achieve parking.

[0036] Working principle: The driving piston 3 cooperates with the parking piston 1, and friction braking is performed by contacting the driving piston 3 with the friction plate. When parking, the driving piston 3 can always be kept in contact with the friction plate to achieve parking. When driving, the driving piston 3 is kept away from the friction plate, and the driving piston 3 is driven by continuously injecting oil to make the driving piston 3 contact with the friction plate to perform braking during driving.

[0037] Embodiment 2 like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the main difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that an annular groove 35 is further provided on the end of the driving piston 3 away from the cylinder body 2, and a sliding groove 36 is provided next to the annular groove 35. The annular groove 35 and the sliding groove 36 are both arranged in an annular shape, and a plurality of sliding blocks 361 are arranged in the sliding groove 36. A connecting spring 38 is arranged on the sliding block 361. One end of the connecting spring 38 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 361, and a brake block 351 is fixedly arranged on the other end of the connecting spring 38. The brake block 351 is arranged in the annular groove 35 and extends out of the annular groove 35. A plurality of brake plates 352 are arranged in the annular groove 35 corresponding to the brake block 351. The brake plates 352 are all rotatably connected in the annular groove 35 and a torsion spring is arranged at the rotatable connection. The brake plates 352 have a tendency to block the brake blocks 351. The brake plates 352 can be pushed by the brake blocks 351 and do not interfere with each other after being pushed. During specific implementation, when the driving piston 3 moves toward the friction plate, the friction plate can first contact with the brake block 351, and the brake block 351 can contact with the friction plate. After being released, the brake block 351 and the sliding block 361 can slide along the sliding groove 36. When sliding, the brake block 351 can continuously contact with the brake plate 352, and perform buffering braking under the obstruction of the brake plate 352, thereby reducing the wear when the friction plate and the driving piston 3 are in full contact with each other to a certain extent. During the continuous movement of the driving piston 3, the connecting spring 38 will also be compressed and bent, which can also play a certain buffering role. When the brake is stopped, the connecting spring 38 will reset the brake block 351.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a brake groove 37 is also provided beside the annular groove 35, the annular groove 35 is connected with the brake groove 37, the annular groove 35 is located between the sliding groove 36 and the brake groove 37, a friction pad 371 is fixedly provided in the brake groove 37, when the driving piston 3 abuts against the friction plate, the brake block 351 is pushed to abut against the friction pad 371, when the driving piston 3 is away from the friction plate, the connecting spring 38 resets the brake block 351. In specific implementation, when the brake block 351 is continuously pushed by the friction plate, it will enter the brake groove 37 and contact the friction pad 371, and at this time the friction plate can just contact the surface of the driving piston 3 to brake, and in the friction braking process of the driving piston 3, the brake of the brake block 351 and the friction pad 371 can also provide a certain braking effect.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the brake block 351 is configured in a conical shape on one side close to the brake groove 37, and the brake groove 37 is configured in a tooth shape corresponding to the shape of the brake block 351. In a specific implementation, the brake groove 37 is configured in a tooth shape, and the brake block 351 can cooperate with each other along the tooth guide when moving toward the brake groove 37 at any position, thereby forming a cooperation, and further increasing the friction force.

[0040] Working principle: The basic working principle is the same as that of the first embodiment, but a brake block 351 that can first contact the friction plate is added. The brake block 351 can not only slightly buffer the brake by contacting the brake plate 352 to reduce the wear of the friction plate when contacting the driving piston 3, but also form a larger friction in the brake groove 37 after full contact, which does not affect the normal braking during driving, can further improve the protection effect of the driving piston 3, and further reduce the situation of brake failure caused by wear.

[0041] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A forklift brake assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a parking piston (1), a cylinder body (2), a driving piston (3), and a first spring (11) and a second spring (31). The parking piston (1) is slidably connected to the cylinder body (2), and the driving piston (3) is also slidably connected to the cylinder body (2). The side of the driving piston (3) away from the cylinder body (2) is used to abut against a friction plate. The parking piston (1) and the driving piston (3) are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder body (2). The parking piston (1) and the driving piston (3) abut against each other. The first spring (11) is used to push the parking piston (1) toward the driving piston (3), and the second spring (31) is used to push the driving piston (3) toward the cylinder body (2). The thrust of the first spring (11) is greater than the thrust of the second spring (31). A first oil circuit (12) is provided between the parking piston (1) and the cylinder body (2), and the first oil circuit (12) is used for injecting oil. The oil injected into the first oil circuit (12) can push the parking piston (1) to move toward a side away from the cylinder body (2). A second oil circuit (32) is provided between the driving piston (3) and the cylinder body (2), and the second oil circuit (32) is used for injecting oil. The oil injected into the second oil circuit (32) can push the driving piston (3) to move toward a side away from the cylinder body (2).

2. A forklift brake assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure cover plate (4), one side of which is used to be installed on a forklift, and the other side of which is arranged next to the parking piston (1). The pressure cover plate (4) is fixedly connected to the cylinder body (2), and the first spring (11) is arranged between the pressure cover plate (4) and the parking piston (1). One end of the first spring (11) abuts against the parking piston (1), and the other end of the parking piston (1) abuts against the pressure cover plate (4).

3. A forklift brake assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parking piston (1) is provided with a mounting groove (13) corresponding to the first spring (11), and the pressure cover plate (4) is also provided with a mounting groove (13) corresponding to the first spring (11), and the first spring (11) is embedded in the mounting groove (13).

4. A forklift brake assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving piston (3) is also provided with a limiting groove (33), a bolt (331) is arranged in the limiting groove (33), the bolt (331) passes through the driving piston (3) and is threadedly connected to the cylinder body (2), the driving piston (3) and the bolt (331) are slidably connected, and the head of the bolt (331) is arranged in the limiting groove (33) and can abut against the groove wall of the limiting groove (33).

5. A forklift brake assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second spring (31) is arranged in the limiting groove (33), and the second spring (31) is sleeved on the bolt (331). One end of the second spring (31) abuts against the groove wall of the limiting groove (33), and the other end of the second spring (31) abuts against the head of the bolt (331). When the first spring (11) pushes the parking piston (1), the second spring (31) is deformed.

6. A forklift brake assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oil circuit (12) and the second oil circuit (32) are not connected to each other. The parking piston (1) and the driving piston (3) are both provided with a plurality of sealing grooves (15). The sealing grooves (15) are both provided with sealing rings (151). The sealing rings (151) are in contact with the cylinder body (2).

7. A forklift brake assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cylinder body (2) is provided with a first oil inlet (14) corresponding to the first oil circuit (12), and the first oil inlet (14) is connected to the first oil circuit (12); the cylinder body (2) is provided with a second oil inlet (34) corresponding to the second oil circuit (32), and the second oil inlet (34) is connected to the second oil circuit (32).

8. The forklift brake assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove (35) is further provided on one end of the driving piston (3) away from the cylinder body (2), a sliding groove (36) is provided next to the annular groove (35), the annular groove (35) and the sliding groove (36) are both arranged in an annular shape, a plurality of sliding blocks (361) are arranged in the sliding groove (36), a connecting spring (38) is arranged on the sliding block (361), one end of the connecting spring (38) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (361), and a brake block (351) is fixedly provided on the other end of the connecting spring (38), and the brake block (351) is arranged in the annular groove (35) and extends out of the annular groove (35); A plurality of brake plates (352) are arranged in the annular groove (35) corresponding to the brake block (351), and the brake plates (352) are all rotatably connected in the annular groove (35) and a torsion spring is arranged at the rotatable connection. The brake plates (352) have a tendency to block the brake block (351), and the brake plates (352) can be pushed by the brake block (351) and do not interfere with each other after being pushed; A brake groove (37) is also arranged next to the annular groove (35). The annular groove (35) is communicated with the brake groove (37). The annular groove (35) is located between the sliding groove (36) and the brake groove (37). A friction pad (371) is fixedly arranged in the brake groove (37). When the driving piston (3) abuts against the friction plate, the brake block (351) is pushed to abut against the friction pad (371). When the driving piston (3) is away from the friction plate, the connecting spring (38) resets the brake block (351).

9. A forklift brake assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The brake block (351) is configured in a conical shape on one side close to the brake groove (37), and the brake groove (37) is configured in a tooth shape corresponding to the shape of the brake block (351).

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