Extraction method of Tremella polysaccharide and its application in tobacco

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of polysaccharides, and proposes a method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide and its application in tobacco. The method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide comprises the following steps: S1, freezing and thawing Tremella, adding a solvent for pulping, and centrifuging to obtain a mixed solution I; S2, adding alkali liquor to the mixed solution I for alkaline extraction, adjusting the acidity, and centrifuging to obtain a mixed solution II; S3, concentrating, precipitating, filtering, and drying the mixed solution II to obtain Tremella polysaccharide; the precipitating solvent comprises ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol; and the volume ratio of ethanol to 1-propoxy-2-propanol is 1:20 to 20:1. Through the above technical solution, the problem of low yield and purity of Tremella polysaccharide extraction in related technologies is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polysaccharide extraction, and in particular to a method for extracting tremella polysaccharide and application thereof in tobacco. Background Art

[0002] Tremella polysaccharide is an acidic heteropolysaccharide obtained from the fruiting body of Tremella fuciformis. Its main chain structure is composed of mannans linked by glycosidic bonds, with side chains composed of glucuronic acid and xylose. Tremella polysaccharide is a basidiomycete polysaccharide immunopotentiator that improves immune function and increases white blood cell count. The immune functions of Tremella polysaccharide are primarily focused on two aspects: first, targeting the non-immune system, promoting the growth of beneficial gastrointestinal microorganisms; and second, targeting the immune defense system, enhancing humoral immunity and strengthening the phagocytic capacity of phagocytes. In addition to boosting immunity, Tremella polysaccharide can also promote protein and nucleic acid synthesis, increase the body's repair capacity, and maintain the function of various organs and tissues, particularly the liver. Because Tremella polysaccharide contains a large number of hydroxyl groups, adding it to tobacco can retain moisture, soften the smoke, and reduce the irritation and harshness caused by drying, thereby improving the comfort of cigarette smoke. At present, the traditional extraction method of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide is hot water extraction, but the yield and purity of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide obtained by this method are low. Therefore, how to improve the extraction yield and purity of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide is a problem that needs to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The invention provides a method for extracting tremella polysaccharide and application thereof on tobacco, solving the problems of low yield and purity of tremella polysaccharide extraction in related technologies.

[0004] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Freeze and melt Tremella fuciformis, add solvent to pulp, and centrifuge to obtain mixed solution I;

[0007] S2. adding alkali solution to the mixed solution I for alkaline extraction, adjusting the acidity, and centrifuging to obtain a mixed solution II;

[0008] S3, concentrating, precipitating, filtering, and drying the mixed solution II to obtain Tremella polysaccharide;

[0009] The precipitation solvent includes ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol; the volume ratio of the ethanol to the 1-propoxy-2-propanol is 1:20 to 20:1.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the 1-propoxy-2-propanol is 1:9 to 9:1.

[0011] As a further technical solution, in step S3, the mixed solution II is concentrated, precipitated for the first time, precipitated for the second time, filtered, and dried to obtain Tremella polysaccharide.

[0012] In the present invention, the tremella polysaccharide is precipitated twice, thereby further improving the extraction yield and purity of the tremella polysaccharide.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the volume ratios of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the first precipitation and the solvent of the second precipitation are different.

[0014] In the present invention, the volume ratios of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the first precipitation and the solvent of the second precipitation are different, thereby further improving the yield and purity of the Tremella polysaccharide extraction.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the volume ratio of ethanol to 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the first precipitation is 1:9; the volume ratio of ethanol to 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the second precipitation is 9:1.

[0016] In the present invention, the volume ratio of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the first precipitation is limited to 1:9, and the volume ratio of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the second precipitation is limited to 9:1, thereby further improving the yield and purity of Tremella polysaccharide.

[0017] As a further technical solution, in step S1, the solvent includes 80-90 parts of water, 1-3 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 3-8 parts of polyoxyethylene ether.

[0018] In the present invention, the extraction yield of Tremella polysaccharide is further improved by limiting the beating solvent to consist of water, sodium lauryl sulfate and polyoxyethylene ether.

[0019] As a further technical solution, in step S2, the alkali solution is a 20 wt% sodium carbonate aqueous solution; the acid adjustment reagent is 5 mol / L HCl; and the acid is adjusted to a pH value of 5-6.

[0020] As a further technical solution, in step S2, the temperature of the alkali extraction is 70-80°C, and the time of the alkali extraction is 3-5 hours.

[0021] As a further technical solution, in step S3, the precipitation temperature is -10 to -5°C, and the precipitation time is 2 to 5 hours.

[0022] The invention also provides a method for extracting tremella polysaccharide and application of the prepared tremella polysaccharide in tobacco.

[0023] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The present invention provides a method for extracting tremella polysaccharide. First, a freeze-thaw method is used to break the wall of tremella to release the tremella polysaccharide therein, and the tremella polysaccharide is extracted by an alkali extraction and precipitation method. The precipitation solvent is composed of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol, thereby improving the extraction yield and purity of the tremella polysaccharide, and applying the tremella polysaccharide to shredded tobacco has a better smoking effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the following examples and comparative examples:

[0027] Polyoxyethylene ether, model: AEO-9.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. Freeze and thaw 1 kg of Tremella fuciformis, add 5 L of solvent (the solvent is water) to pulp, and centrifuge to obtain a mixed solution I;

[0031] S2. Add 1 L of 20 wt% sodium carbonate aqueous solution to the mixed solution I and carry out alkaline extraction at 70° C. for 5 h. Add 5 mol / L HCl to adjust the pH to 5. After centrifugation, a mixed solution II is obtained.

[0032] S3. Concentrate the mixed solution II to one-fifth of its original volume, add 3 L of a mixed solution of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol with a volume ratio of 1:20, and precipitate at -10°C for 2 h. Filter and dry the precipitate to obtain 366.3 g of Tremella polysaccharide with a purity of 96.1% and a yield of 35.2%.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1. Freeze and thaw 1 kg of Tremella fuciformis, add 5 L of solvent (the solvent is water) to pulp, and centrifuge to obtain a mixed solution I;

[0036] S2. Add 1 L of 20 wt% sodium carbonate aqueous solution to the mixed solution I and carry out alkaline extraction at 80° C. for 3 h. Add 5 mol / L HCl to adjust the pH to 6. After centrifugation, obtain a mixed solution II.

[0037] S3. Concentrate the mixed solution II to one-fifth of its original volume, add 3 L of a mixed solution of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol with a volume ratio of 20:1, and precipitate at -5°C for 5 h. Filter and dry the precipitate to obtain 360.5 g of Tremella polysaccharide with a purity of 96.8% and a yield of 34.9%.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S3, the volume ratio of ethanol to 1-propoxy-2-propanol is 1:9.

[0040] Results: 374.7 g Tremella polysaccharide was obtained with a purity of 96.6% and a yield of 36.2%.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S3, the volume ratio of ethanol to 1-propoxy-2-propanol is 9:1.

[0043] Results: 381.5 g of Tremella polysaccharide was obtained with a purity of 96.2% and a yield of 36.7%.

[0044] Example 5

[0045] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S3, the volume ratio of ethanol to 1-propoxy-2-propanol is 1:1.

[0046] Results: 379.0 g of Tremella polysaccharide was obtained with a purity of 96.3% and a yield of 36.5%.

[0047] Example 6

[0048] The only difference between this embodiment and Example 3 is that in step S3, the mixed solution II is concentrated to one-fifth of the original volume, 1.5 L of a mixed solution of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol with a volume ratio of 9:1 is added, and the mixture is precipitated at -10°C for 1 hour, and then 1.5 L of a mixed solution of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol with a volume ratio of 1:9 is added, and the mixture is precipitated again at -10°C for 1 hour. The precipitate is filtered and dried to obtain 387.7 g of Tremella polysaccharide with a purity of 97.5% and a yield of 37.8%.

[0049] Example 7

[0050] The only difference between this embodiment and Example 3 is that, in step S3, the mixed solution II is concentrated to one-fifth of the original volume, 1.5 L of a mixed solution of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol in a volume ratio of 1:9 is added, and the mixture is precipitated at -10°C for 1 hour, and then 1.5 L of a mixed solution of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol in a volume ratio of 9:1 is added, and the mixture is precipitated again at -10°C for 1 hour. The precipitate is filtered and dried to obtain 391.2 g of Tremella polysaccharide with a purity of 97.9% and a yield of 38.3%.

[0051] Example 8

[0052] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that in step S1, the solvent is obtained by mixing 80 parts of water, 1 part of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 3 parts of polyoxyethylene ether.

[0053] Results: 415.1 g of Tremella polysaccharide was obtained with a purity of 97.8% and a yield of 40.6%.

[0054] Example 9

[0055] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that in step S1, the solvent is obtained by mixing 90 parts of water, 3 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 8 parts of polyoxyethylene ether.

[0056] Results: 416.9 g of Tremella polysaccharide was obtained with a purity of 98.1% and a yield of 40.9%.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S3, 1-propoxy-2-propanol is replaced by an equal amount of ethanol.

[0059] Results: 303.8 g of Tremella polysaccharide was obtained with a purity of 92.5% and a yield of 28.1%.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S3, ethanol is replaced by an equal amount of 1-propoxy-2-propanol.

[0062] Results: 320.6 g of Tremella polysaccharide was obtained with a purity of 91.4% and a yield of 29.3%.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S3, 1-propoxy-2-propanol is replaced by an equal amount of isopropanol.

[0065] Results: 324.1 g of Tremella polysaccharide was obtained with a purity of 93.8% and a yield of 30.4%.

[0066] Compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the precipitating solvent in Example 1 consists of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol. As a result, the yield and purity of the Tremella polysaccharide prepared in Example 1 are higher than those in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, indicating that adding a mixed solvent consisting of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol for precipitation can improve the yield and purity of Tremella polysaccharide.

[0067] Compared with Example 1, the volume ratio of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol was changed in Examples 3 to 5. As a result, the yield and purity of the Tremella polysaccharide obtained in Examples 3 to 5 were higher than those in Example 1, indicating that when the volume ratio of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol was 1:9 to 9:1, the yield and purity of Tremella polysaccharide could be further improved.

[0068] Compared with Example 3, two precipitations were performed in Examples 6 and 7. As a result, the yield and purity of the Tremella polysaccharide obtained in Examples 6 and 7 were higher than those in Example 3, indicating that performing two precipitations can further improve the yield and purity of Tremella polysaccharide. Comparing Example 6 and Example 7, it was found that the yield and purity of Tremella polysaccharide in Example 7 were higher than those in Example 6, indicating that when the volume ratio of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the first precipitation was 1:9 and the volume ratio of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the second precipitation was 9:1, the yield and purity of Tremella polysaccharide can be further improved.

[0069] Compared with Example 7, the composition of the solvent in the pulping was changed in Examples 8-9. As a result, the yield of Tremella polysaccharide obtained in Examples 8-9 was higher than that in Example 7, indicating that when the pulping solvent is composed of water, sodium lauryl sulfate, and polyoxyethylene ether, the yield of Tremella polysaccharide can be further improved.

[0070] Using the Tremella polysaccharide obtained in Example 9 as a sample, 5 g of Tremella polysaccharide was weighed and added to 10 g of ethanol (75%) for dilution and mixing. The mixture was then sprayed onto the shredded tobacco using a micro-sprayer at a rate of 0.1% by weight. After the cigarettes were made, they were subjected to sensory evaluation and smoking assessment by a panel of professional smoking assessors. Cigarettes without Tremella polysaccharide were used as a blank control group. The evaluation method was based on the national standard GB5606.4-2005 "Cigarettes Part 4: Sensory Technical Requirements". The evaluation criteria and scoring results are shown in Tables 1 and 2:

[0071] Table 1 Cigarette sensory quality evaluation criteria

[0072]

[0073] Table 2 Cigarette smoking sensory evaluation scoring results

[0074]

[0075] Evaluation results:

[0076] Example 9 has a rich and delicate aroma, good harmony with the tobacco flavor, no impurities, no irritation, and a pure aftertaste;

[0077] Control group: The aroma is light and rough, with a slight smell and irritation.

[0078] The smoking evaluation results show that adding the Tremella polysaccharide prepared by the present invention to shredded tobacco can improve the impurities generated in the smoke and the irritation to the throat to a certain extent, has good harmony with the taste of the smoke, and improves the aroma of the smoke.

[0079] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Freeze and melt Tremella fuciformis, add solvent to pulp, and centrifuge to obtain mixed solution I; S2. adding alkali solution to the mixed solution I for alkaline extraction, adjusting the acidity, and centrifuging to obtain a mixed solution II; S3, concentrating, precipitating, filtering, and drying the mixed solution II to obtain Tremella polysaccharide; The solvent of the precipitation consists of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol; The volume ratio of the ethanol to the 1-propoxy-2-propanol is 1:9 to 9:1; In step S3, the mixed solution II is concentrated, precipitated for the first time, precipitated for the second time, filtered, and dried to obtain Tremella polysaccharide; The volume ratios of ethanol and 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the first precipitation and the solvent of the second precipitation are different.

2. The method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein The volume ratio of ethanol to 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the first precipitation is 1:9; the volume ratio of ethanol to 1-propoxy-2-propanol in the solvent of the second precipitation is 9:

1.

3. The method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, the solvent includes 80-90 parts of water, 1-3 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 3-8 parts of polyoxyethylene ether.

4. The method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein In step S2, the alkali solution is a 20 wt% sodium carbonate aqueous solution; the acid adjustment reagent is 5 mol / L HCl; and the acid is adjusted to a pH value of 5-6.

5. The method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein In step S2, the temperature of the alkali extraction is 70-80° C., and the time of the alkali extraction is 3-5 hours.

6. The method for extracting Tremella polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein In step S3, the precipitation temperature is -10 to -5°C, and the precipitation time is 2 to 5 hours.

7. Use of the Tremella polysaccharide prepared by the extraction method of Tremella polysaccharide according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in tobacco.

Images