Equipment and method for matching self-preloading back-to-back pair angular contact ball bearings

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of bearing processing, and specifically discloses a matching device and a matching method for a self-preloading back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearing. The matching device includes an assembly device and a testing device. The assembly device includes a first assembly component and a second assembly component. The first assembly component includes a first assembly die, and the top surface of the first assembly die is provided with a first assembly boss and an inner ring mounting hole. The second assembly component includes a second assembly die and a cage positioning ring, and the top surface of the second assembly die is provided with a positioning mandrel and an inner ring positioning step. The testing device includes an outer ring mounting component, an inner ring clamping component, and a torque measuring component. The outer ring mounting component includes a testing mounting seat and a testing load block, and the inner ring clamping component includes a clamping rod and two clamping end covers. The above-mentioned matching device can effectively improve the control accuracy of the preload force and ensure the efficient production of the back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of bearing processing, and particularly to a matching device and a matching method for a self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings. Background Art

[0002] An angular contact ball bearing is a special type of ball bearing that can simultaneously bear radial loads and axial loads and can operate at relatively high speeds. An angular contact ball bearing, like a conventional deep groove ball bearing, includes an inner ring, an outer ring, rolling elements, and a cage. However, the difference is that the raceways of the angular contact ball bearing are different from those of the conventional deep groove ball bearing, especially the raceway ribs on the outer ring have an essential difference. Specifically, one side of the outer ring raceway is a high rib, and the other side is a low rib. When assembled, the rolling elements can cross the low rib and enter the raceway, and the high rib is the load-bearing side.

[0003] In practical applications, angular contact ball bearings generally need to be assembled in pairs, that is, two, three, or even more sets of angular contact ball bearings are assembled together in a certain configuration. The basic assembly methods are back-to-back pair, face-to-face pair, and tandem pair. Specifically, according to the actual working conditions, different assembly methods are selected. Among them, the face-to-face pair method means that the low ribs of the outer ring raceways of two angular contact ball bearings are arranged face to face, the tandem pair method means that the low ribs of the outer ring raceways of two angular contact ball bearings face the same direction and each bearing is arranged axially in sequence, and the back-to-back pair method means that the low ribs of the outer ring raceways of two angular contact ball bearings are arranged back to back.

[0004] A double-row angular contact ball bearing is a specific form of angular contact ball bearing. Specifically, two raceways are provided on the inner ring, two outer rings are correspondingly provided, and one raceway is provided on each outer ring. It has the advantages of small axial space occupation, strong rigidity, high precision, and convenient installation. The double-row angular contact ball bearing also has face-to-face pair forms and tandem pair methods. For example, the Chinese invention patent application with the application publication number CN 105114447 A discloses a face-to-face assembled double-row angular contact ball bearing and its assembly method, and the Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN 105041852 B discloses a tandem assembled angular contact ball bearing and its assembly method.

[0005] As Figure 1 shown is a structural schematic diagram of a self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings, including an inner ring 06, a first outer ring 01, a first cage 07, a second outer ring 03, a second cage 04, and rolling elements 05. A spacer ring 02 is provided between the first outer ring 01 and the second outer ring 03. As Figure 2The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of the first outer ring 01 or the second outer ring 03, in which one side edge of the groove 10 is a low edge 08 and the other side edge is a high edge 09. Compared with the face-to-face assembly method and the series assembly method, the back-to-back assembly method has the advantages of reliable assembly, the ability to withstand axial loads in two directions simultaneously, and self-preloading. However, the double-row angular contact ball bearings assembled in the back-to-back manner also have the disadvantages of difficult assembly, difficult preload control, and inconvenient preload adjustment, which limit the production efficiency and large-scale promotion of the back-to-back assembled angular contact ball bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a matching device and a matching method for self-preloading back-to-back assembled angular contact ball bearings, which can effectively improve the control accuracy of the preload and ensure the efficient production of back-to-back assembled angular contact ball bearings.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A matching device for self-preloading back-to-back assembled angular contact ball bearings, at least including:

[0008] An assembly device, the assembly device includes a first assembly component and a second assembly component. The first assembly component includes a first assembly die, and the top surface of the first assembly die is provided with a first assembly boss, and an inner ring mounting hole is provided on the first assembly boss; the second assembly component includes a second assembly die and a cage positioning ring. The top surface of the second assembly die is provided with a positioning mandrel, and an inner ring positioning step is provided on the outer side of the positioning mandrel; the cage positioning ring is separately arranged from the second assembly die, and the inner diameter of the cage positioning ring is larger than the positioning mandrel.

[0009] A testing device, the testing device includes an outer ring mounting component, an inner ring clamping component, and a torque measuring component; the outer ring mounting component includes a testing mounting seat and a testing load block. The top surface of the testing mounting seat is an outer ring bearing surface, and an outer ring loading surface is provided on the testing load block; in the testing state, the testing load block is located above the testing mounting seat, and an outer ring mounting interval is formed between the outer ring loading surface and the outer ring bearing surface.

[0010] The inner ring clamping component includes a clamping rod and two clamping end covers. The clamping end covers are connected to the clamping rod, and an inner ring clamping interval is formed between the two clamping end covers; the torque measuring component is detachably connected to the clamping rod.

[0011] The matching operation of the self-preloading back-to-back assembled angular contact ball bearings includes two processes: assembly and testing. The assembly process includes steps of first outer ring assembly, second outer ring assembly, and spacer ring assembly.

[0012] In the first outer ring assembly step, the first assembly component is used to install the inner ring into the inner ring mounting hole, place the first outer ring on the first assembly die, and sleeved outside the first assembly boss, and place the first cage on the first assembly boss. The rolling elements are sequentially loaded into the first cage. During the process of loading the rolling elements, the first outer ring plays a role in restricting the outward movement of the rolling elements. Lift the first outer ring upward and press the rolling elements into the raceway of the first outer ring to complete the assembly operation of the first outer ring.

[0013] In the second outer ring assembly step, the second assembly component is used to install the intermediate part in the second assembly die after reversing its direction. The inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel, and the first end of the inner ring is set on the inner ring positioning step. The second outer ring is sleeved outside the inner ring, the cage positioning ring is placed on the first cage, and then the second cage is placed on the cage positioning ring. The rolling elements are sequentially loaded into the second cage. Lift the second outer ring upward and press the rolling elements into the raceway of the second outer ring, that is, complete the assembly operation of the second outer ring. Subsequently, press the spacer ring between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the assembly of the bearing.

[0014] In the measurement process, the inner ring clamping component is used to place the inner ring between two clamping end covers and lock it, place one end of the outer ring on the outer ring bearing surface of the test mounting seat, and place the test load block on the other end of the outer ring. The test load block and the test mounting seat jointly press the outer ring. Connect the torque measurement component with the clamping rod, drive the inner ring and the inner ring clamping component to rotate relative to the outer ring, and obtain the measured starting torque through the torque measurement component.

[0015] The matching equipment of the present application can skillfully complete the assembly of the back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings, realize efficient and reliable assembly operations, and can measure the starting torque of the bearings. Using the starting torque measurement to replace the preload measurement to determine the bearing processing quality, ensuring the efficient and reliable production of the back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings.

[0016] Preferably, the cage positioning ring is circumferentially divided into at least two split rings, and the central angle corresponding to each split ring is not greater than 180°. After the assembly is completed, the cage positioning ring can be removed smoothly and conveniently.

[0017] Preferably, the test load block is provided with an avoidance hole, and the avoidance hole axially penetrates through the test load block; in the test state, the upper end of the clamping rod passes through the avoidance hole, and the torque measurement component is connected with the upper end of the clamping rod.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the clamping rod is integrally provided with one of the clamping end covers, and the other clamping end cover is detachably sleeved on the clamping rod; the inner ring clamping component further includes a locking ring, and the locking ring is sleeved on the clamping rod and is threadedly connected with the clamping rod.

[0019] Preferably, it further includes a spacer ring selection device, which includes a selection mounting base, a selection load block, and an end face measuring instrument. The top surface of the selection mounting base is an outer ring positioning surface, and an inner ring accommodating hole is provided on the outer ring positioning surface. The end face measuring instrument is arranged in the inner ring accommodating hole; an inner ring loading surface is provided on the selection load block.

[0020] When performing the spacer ring selection operation, assemble the first outer ring, the first cage, and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the first end of the inner ring. Insert the inner ring into the inner ring accommodating hole. The detection end of the end face measuring instrument contacts the end face of the inner ring. Press the inner ring loading surface of the selection load block against the first outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument. Disassemble the first outer ring and the first cage, assemble the second outer ring, the second cage, and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the second end of the inner ring. Insert the inner ring into the inner ring accommodating hole. The detection end of the end face measuring instrument contacts the end face of the inner ring. Place the lower end face of the second outer ring on the outer ring positioning surface. Press the inner ring loading surface of the selection load block against the second outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument. The height of the spacer ring can be determined according to the two readings of the end face measuring instrument, and the corresponding spacer ring can be selected.

[0021] Before assembly, the height requirement of the spacer ring can be determined through the spacer ring selection operation, and then the corresponding spacer ring can be selected for assembly, which can effectively improve the preloading force setting accuracy of the back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings and simplify the preloading force adjustment operation.

[0022] Preferably, the selection mounting base includes a mounting base and a standard ring. The mounting base and the standard ring are separately arranged up and down. The inner ring accommodating hole penetrates the standard ring and extends into the mounting base; the end face measuring instrument is arranged in the mounting base, and the detection end of the end face measuring instrument is aligned with the upper end face of the mounting base.

[0023] The length of the standard ring corresponds to the length of the inner ring. According to different inner ring lengths, standard rings of different specifications can be selected to improve the applicable range.

[0024] Preferably, a limiting core shaft is provided at the loading end of the selection load block. Annularly distributed inner ring loading steps are provided on the outer side of the limiting core shaft, and the inner ring loading surface is arranged on the inner ring loading steps.

[0025] The selection method of the self-preloading back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings uses the selection equipment as described above; it at least includes the following steps:

[0026] S1. First outer ring assembly: Using the first assembly component, install the inner ring into the inner ring mounting hole with the first end facing up and the second end facing down. At this time, the first groove on the inner ring is set higher than the first assembly boss, and the second groove on the inner ring is located inside the inner ring mounting hole; Place the first outer ring on the top surface of the first assembly mold and sleeved outside the first assembly boss. At this time, the low-edge of the groove on the first outer ring faces up; Place the first cage on the first assembly boss, and align the ball pocket holes of the first cage with the first groove of the inner ring; Sequentially install a specific number of rolling elements into the first cage. During the installation of the rolling elements, the first outer ring restricts the outward movement of the rolling elements; Lift the first outer ring upward and press the rolling elements into the groove of the first outer ring. At this time, the inner ring, the first outer ring, the first cage and the rolling elements are combined into an intermediate part;

[0027] S2. Second outer ring assembly: Using the second assembly component, install the intermediate part on the second assembly mold. The inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel with the second end facing up, and the first end of the inner ring is set on the inner ring positioning step; Place the second outer ring outside the inner ring and abut it against the first outer ring. The low-edge of the groove on the second outer ring faces up; Place the cage positioning ring on the first cage, and then place the second cage on the cage positioning ring. Align the ball pocket holes of the second cage with the second groove of the inner ring; Sequentially install a specific number of rolling elements into the second cage. Lift the second outer ring upward and press the rolling elements into the groove of the second outer ring;

[0028] S3. Spacer ring assembly: Press the spacer ring between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the assembly of the bearing;

[0029] S4. Starting torque test: Using the inner ring clamping component, place the inner ring between two clamping end covers and lock it; Place one end of the outer ring on the outer ring bearing surface of the test mounting seat, and place the test load block on the other end of the outer ring. The outer ring loading surface contacts the corresponding end face of the outer ring, and the test load block and the test mounting seat jointly press the outer ring; Connect the torque measurement component to the clamping rod, drive the inner ring and the inner ring clamping component to rotate relative to the outer ring, and obtain the measured starting torque through the torque measurement component; Compare the measured starting torque with the designed starting torque. If the measured starting torque is not greater than the designed starting torque, it is determined to meet the design requirements and the product is qualified.

[0030] Preferably, before step S1, at least the following steps are further included: S01. Spacer ring height measurement: Select the inner ring, the first outer ring, the first cage, the second outer ring, the second cage and a specific number of rolling elements;

[0031] Adopt a spacer ring matching device to assemble the first outer ring, the first cage and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the first end of the inner ring. Insert the inner ring downward with the second end into the inner ring accommodation hole. The detection end of the end face measuring instrument contacts the end face of the second end of the inner ring. The lower end face of the first outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface. Press the inner ring loading surface of the matching load block on the upper end face of the first outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument.

[0032] Disassemble the first outer ring and the first cage, and assemble the second outer ring, the second cage and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the second end of the inner ring. Insert the inner ring downward with the first end into the inner ring accommodation hole. The detection end of the end face measuring instrument contacts the end face of the first end of the inner ring. The lower end face of the second outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface. Press the inner ring loading surface of the matching load block on the upper end face of the second outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument.

[0033] Determine the height of the spacer ring according to the two readings of the end face measuring instrument, and select the corresponding spacer ring.

[0034] Preferably, before step S1, at least the following steps are further included: S02. Spacer ring grouping: Measure the height of the spacer rings, and divide a certain number of spacer rings into several groups with a height accuracy of 2 μm.

[0035] In step S4, when the measured starting torque is greater than the designed starting torque, it is determined that it does not meet the design requirements; remove the current spacer ring, and select the spacer ring adjacent to the current group, and repeat steps S3 and S4.

[0036] By performing the measurement and grouping operation on the spacer rings, it provides convenience for the matching and replacement operations of the spacer rings and improves the matching efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the first outer ring or the second outer ring in the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spacer ring matching device in the matching equipment of the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spacer ring matching operation state of the spacer ring matching device in the matching equipment of the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment;

[0041] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The partial enlarged view at A in;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first assembly component in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first assembly component in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment in the state of the first outer ring assembly. At this time, the rolling elements are not pressed into the first outer ring;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first assembly component in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment in the state of the first outer ring assembly. At this time, the rolling elements have been pressed into the first outer ring;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second assembly component in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second assembly component in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment in the state of the second outer ring assembly. At this time, the cage positioning ring is installed;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second assembly component in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment in the state of the second outer ring assembly. At this time, the rolling elements are installed but not pressed into the second outer ring;

[0048] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second assembly component in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment in the state of the second outer ring assembly. At this time, the rolling elements have been pressed into the second outer ring;

[0049] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of the test device in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment;

[0050] Figure 14 This is a schematic structural diagram of the inner ring clamping component in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment;

[0051] Figure 15 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the outer ring installation component and the self-weight compensation component in the matching equipment for the self-preloading back-to-back pair of angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0053] Embodiment

[0054] As Figure 1 shown, as Figures 3 - 15 shown, the selection and matching equipment for preloaded back-to-back pair angular contact ball bearings includes a spacer ring selection and matching device, an assembly device, and a testing device. The spacer ring selection and matching device, the assembly device, and the testing device are separately arranged.

[0055] Specifically, as Figures 3 - 5 shown, the spacer ring selection and matching device includes a selection and matching mounting seat 13, a selection and matching load block 11, and an end face measuring instrument 12. The top surface of the selection and matching mounting seat 13 is an outer ring positioning surface 151. An inner ring accommodating hole 14 is provided on the outer ring positioning surface 151. The end face measuring instrument 12 is arranged in the inner ring accommodating hole 14. An inner ring loading surface 111 is provided on the selection and matching load block 11. A limiting core shaft 112 is provided at the loading end of the selection and matching load block 11. Annularly distributed inner ring loading steps are provided on the outer side of the limiting core shaft 112. The inner ring loading surface 111 is arranged on the inner ring loading steps. The limiting core shaft 112 is used to insert into the inner ring to play a positioning role between the selection and matching load block 11 and the inner ring.

[0056] Specifically, as Figures 3 - 5 shown, the selection and matching mounting seat 13 includes a mounting base and a standard ring 15. The mounting base and the standard ring 15 are separately arranged up and down. The inner ring accommodating hole 14 penetrates through the standard ring 15 and extends into the mounting base. The end face measuring instrument 12 is arranged in the mounting base, and the detection end of the end face measuring instrument 12 is aligned with the upper end face of the mounting base. The length of the standard ring 15 corresponds to the length of the inner ring. Different specifications of the standard ring 15 can be selected according to different inner ring lengths to improve the applicable range.

[0057] When performing the spacer ring selection and matching operation, assemble the first outer ring, the first cage, and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the first end of the inner ring. Insert the inner ring into the inner ring accommodating hole 14. The detection end of the end face measuring instrument 12 contacts the end face of the inner ring. Press the inner ring loading surface 111 of the selection and matching load block 11 against the first outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument 12. Disassemble the first outer ring and the first cage, assemble the second outer ring, the second cage, and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the second end of the inner ring. Insert the inner ring into the inner ring accommodating hole 14. The detection end of the end face measuring instrument 12 contacts the end face of the inner ring. Place the lower end face of the second outer ring on the outer ring positioning surface 151. Press the inner ring loading surface 111 of the selection and matching load block 11 against the second outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument 12. The height of the spacer ring can be determined according to the two readings of the end face measuring instrument 12, and the corresponding spacer ring can be selected.

[0058] Before assembly, the height requirement of the spacer ring can be determined through the spacer ring matching operation, and then the corresponding spacer ring can be selected for assembly, which can effectively improve the pre-tightening force setting accuracy of the back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings and simplify the pre-tightening force adjustment operation.

[0059] As Figures 6 - 12 shown, the assembly device includes a first assembly component and a second assembly component. As Figures 6 - 8 shown, the first assembly component includes a first assembly die 21. The top surface of the first assembly die 21 is provided with a first assembly boss 22, and an inner ring mounting hole 23 is provided on the first assembly boss 22. Specifically, the height of the first assembly boss 22 is denoted as h, the outer diameter is denoted as D, the height of the inner ring mounting hole 23 is denoted as H, and the hole diameter is denoted as d. Then h = 0.3 - 0.4H and d = 0.85 - 0.9D.

[0060] In the first outer ring assembly step, the first assembly component is used. The inner ring is installed in the inner ring mounting hole 23, the first outer ring is placed on the first assembly die 21 and sleeved outside the first assembly boss 22, and the first cage is placed on the first assembly boss 22. The rolling elements are sequentially loaded into the first cage. During the process of loading the rolling elements, the first outer ring plays a role in restricting the outward movement of the rolling elements. The first outer ring is lifted upward, and the rolling elements are pressed into the raceway of the first outer ring to complete the assembly operation of the first outer ring.

[0061] As Figures 9 - 12 shown, the second assembly component includes a second assembly die 24 and a cage positioning ring 27. The top surface of the second assembly die 24 is provided with a positioning mandrel 26, and an inner ring positioning step 25 is provided on the outside of the positioning mandrel 26. The cage positioning ring 27 is separately arranged from the second assembly die 24, and the inner diameter of the cage positioning ring 27 is larger than that of the positioning mandrel 26. Specifically, the outer diameter of the inner ring positioning step 25 is denoted as B, and the outer diameter of the positioning mandrel 26 is denoted as b. Then b = 0.8 - 0.85B. The cage positioning ring 27 is circumferentially divided into at least two split rings, and the central angle corresponding to each split ring is not greater than 180°. After assembly, the cage positioning ring 27 can be removed smoothly and conveniently.

[0062] In the second outer ring assembly step, the second assembly component is used. The intermediate part is installed on the second assembly die 24 after being turned around. The inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel 26, and the first end of the inner ring is arranged on the inner ring positioning step 25. The second outer ring is sleeved outside the inner ring, the cage positioning ring 27 is placed on the first cage, and then the second cage is placed on the cage positioning ring 27. The rolling elements are sequentially loaded into the second cage. The second outer ring is lifted upward, and the rolling elements are pressed into the raceway of the second outer ring to complete the assembly operation of the second outer ring. Subsequently, the spacer ring is pressed between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the assembly of the bearing.

[0063] As Figures 13 - 15 shown, the test device includes an outer ring mounting assembly, an inner ring clamping assembly 34, and a torque measurement assembly 35. The outer ring mounting assembly includes a test mounting base 32 and a test load block 31. The top surface of the test mounting base 32 is an outer ring bearing surface 321, and the test load block 31 is provided with an outer ring loading surface 311. Specifically, the test load block 31 is provided with an avoidance hole 312, and the avoidance hole 312 runs through the test load block 31 along the axial direction. In the test state, the test load block 31 is located above the test mounting base 32, and an outer ring mounting interval is formed between the outer ring loading surface 311 and the outer ring bearing surface 321. The upper end of the clamping rod 341 passes through the avoidance hole 312, and the torque measurement assembly 35 is connected to the upper end of the clamping rod 341.

[0064] As Figure 13 and Figure 14 shown, the inner ring clamping assembly 34 includes a clamping rod 341 and two clamping end caps 342. The clamping end caps 342 are connected to the clamping rod 341, and an inner ring clamping interval is formed between the two clamping end caps 342. One end of the clamping rod 341 is integrally provided with one of the clamping end caps 342, and the other clamping end cap 342 is detachably sleeved on the clamping rod 341. The inner ring clamping assembly 34 further includes a locking ring 343. The locking ring 343 is sleeved on the clamping rod 341 and is threadedly connected to the clamping rod 341. The torque measurement assembly 35 includes a torque wrench, and the torque measurement assembly 35 is detachably connected to the clamping rod 341.

[0065] In order to reduce the influence of the self-weight of the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34 on the torque measurement result, the inner ring clamping assembly 34 is made of plastic with a relatively small density.

[0066] In the measurement process, the inner ring clamping assembly 34 is used. The inner ring is placed between the two clamping end caps 342 and locked. One end of the outer ring is placed on the outer ring bearing surface 321 of the test mounting base 32, and the test load block 31 is placed on the other end of the outer ring. The test load block 31 and the test mounting base 32 jointly press the outer ring. The torque measurement assembly 35 is connected to the clamping rod 341, and the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34 are driven to rotate relative to the outer ring, and the measured starting torque is obtained through the torque measurement assembly 35.

[0067] As Figure 13 and Figure 15As shown, further, a compensation operation hole 322 is provided on the outer ring bearing surface 321. The testing device further includes a self-weight compensation assembly 33. The self-weight compensation assembly 33 includes a top plate 331 and an adjustment mechanism 332. The top plate 331 is disposed in the compensation operation hole 322. The adjustment mechanism 332 is connected to the test mounting base 32 and is arranged to be adjusted up and down. The top plate 331 is connected to the adjustment mechanism 332, and a pressure sensor is provided between the top plate 331 and the adjustment mechanism 332. Specifically, the top plate 331 and the adjustment mechanism 332 are connected by a spring 333.

[0068] When measuring the starting torque, after the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34 are placed on the outer ring bearing surface 321, the position of the top plate 331 is adjusted through the adjustment mechanism 332 until the top plate 331 contacts the inner ring clamping assembly 34. The top plate 331 compensates for the self-weight of the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34. The magnitude of the compensation force can be directly obtained through the pressure sensor, and the magnitude of the compensation force is adjusted through the adjustment mechanism 332 until the compensation force basically compensates for the self-weight of the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34. The top plate 331 is floatingly arranged through the spring 333, which makes the adjustment of the magnitude of the compensation force more convenient and the adjustment accuracy more reliable.

[0069] The matching equipment of the present application can skillfully complete the assembly of the back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings, realize efficient and reliable assembly operations, and can measure the starting torque of the bearings. The starting torque measurement is used to replace the preload measurement to determine the bearing processing quality, ensuring the efficient and reliable production of the back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings.

[0070] A method for selecting and matching self-preloaded back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings, using the above-mentioned matching equipment; at least including the following steps:

[0071] S01. Measuring the spacer ring height: Select the inner ring 06, the first outer ring 01, the first cage 07, the second outer ring 03, the second cage 04 and a specific number of rolling elements 05.

[0072] Using the spacer ring matching device, assemble the first outer ring, the first cage and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the first end of the inner ring. The inner ring is inserted downward into the inner ring accommodation hole 14 with the second end. The detection end of the end face measuring instrument 12 contacts the end face of the second end of the inner ring. The lower end face of the first outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface 151. Press the inner ring loading surface 111 of the matching load block 11 on the upper end face of the first outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument 12, that is, in the Figure 4 shown state.

[0073] Disassemble the first outer ring and the first cage, assemble the second outer ring, the second cage and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the second end of the inner ring. Insert the inner ring with its first end downward into the inner ring accommodation hole 14. The detection end of the end face measuring instrument 12 contacts the end face of the first end of the inner ring. Place the lower end face of the second outer ring on the outer ring positioning surface 151. Press the inner ring loading surface 111 of the selected load block 11 against the upper end face of the second outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument 12. Determine the height of the spacer ring according to the two readings of the end face measuring instrument 12, and select the corresponding spacer ring 02.

[0074] S02. Spacer ring grouping: Measure the height of the spacer rings, and divide a certain number of spacer rings into several groups with a height accuracy of 2 μm. After the spacer rings are measured, cut them into two half-rings along the diameter line. By performing the measurement and grouping operations on the spacer rings, it facilitates the selection and replacement operations of the spacer rings and improves the selection efficiency. And the half-rings can be conveniently pressed into the space between the first outer ring and the second outer ring from both sides.

[0075] S1. First outer ring assembly: Use the first assembly component to install the inner ring into the inner ring mounting hole 23 with its first end upward and the second end downward. At this time, the first groove on the inner ring is set higher than the first assembly boss 22, and the second groove on the inner ring is located in the inner ring mounting hole 23. Place the first outer ring on the top surface of the first assembly mold 21 and sleeved outside the first assembly boss 22. At this time, the low side of the groove on the first outer ring is upward. Place the first cage on the first assembly boss 22, and align the ball pocket holes of the first cage with the first groove of the inner ring. Sequentially install a specific number of rolling elements into the first cage. During the process of installing the rolling elements, the first outer ring restricts the outward movement of the rolling elements, that is, in the state as shown in Figure 7 shown. Lift the first outer ring upward and press the rolling elements into the grooves of the first outer ring. At this time, the inner ring, the first outer ring, the first cage and the rolling elements together form an intermediate part, that is, in the state as shown in Figure 8 shown.

[0076] S2. Second outer ring assembly: Use the second assembly component to install the intermediate part on the second assembly mold 24. The inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel 26 with its second end upward, and the first end of the inner ring is set on the inner ring positioning step 25, that is, in the state as shown in Figure 10 shown. Sleeve the second outer ring outside the inner ring and abut it against the first outer ring. The low side of the groove on the second outer ring is upward. Place the cage positioning ring 27 on the first cage, and then place the second cage on the cage positioning ring 27. Align the ball pocket holes of the second cage with the second groove of the inner ring. Sequentially install a specific number of rolling elements into the second cage. Lift the second outer ring upward and press the rolling elements into the grooves of the second outer ring, that is, in the state as shown in Figure 11 shown.

[0077] S3. Spacer Ring Assembly: Press the spacer ring into the space between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the assembly of the bearing, i.e., the state as shown in Figure 12 shown.

[0078] S4. Starting Torque Test: Use the inner ring clamping assembly 34 to place the inner ring between the two clamping end covers 342 and lock them, i.e., the state as shown in Figure 14 shown. Place one end of the outer ring on the outer ring bearing surface 321 of the test mounting base 32, and place the test load block 31 on the other end of the outer ring. The outer ring loading surface 311 contacts the corresponding end face of the outer ring. The test load block 31 and the test mounting base 32 jointly press the outer ring, i.e., the state as shown in Figure 13 shown. Connect the torque measurement assembly 35 to the clamping rod 341, drive the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34 to rotate relative to the outer ring, and obtain the measured starting torque through the torque measurement assembly 35. Compare the measured starting torque with the designed starting torque. If the measured starting torque is not greater than the designed starting torque, it is determined to meet the design requirements and the product is qualified. When the measured starting torque is greater than the designed starting torque, it is determined not to meet the design requirements. Remove the current spacer ring and select the spacer ring in the adjacent group to the current spacer ring, and repeat steps S3 and S4.

[0079] In summary, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Optional equipment for self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings, characterized in that: At least: A spacer ring matching device, the spacer ring matching device comprises a matching mounting seat, a matching load block and an end face measuring instrument, the top surface of the matching mounting seat is an outer ring positioning surface, an inner ring accommodating hole is provided on the outer ring positioning surface, and the end face measuring instrument is arranged in the inner ring accommodating hole; the optional load block is provided with an inner ring loading surface; The optional mounting seat includes a mounting base and a standard ring. The mounting base and the standard ring are arranged in upper and lower parts. The inner ring accommodating hole penetrates the standard ring and extends into the mounting base. The end face measuring instrument is arranged in the mounting base, and the detection end of the end face measuring instrument is aligned with the upper end face of the mounting base. The height requirement of the spacer ring can be determined through the spacer ring selection operation, and then the corresponding spacer ring can be selected for assembly. An assembly device, the assembly device comprises a first assembly component and a second assembly component, the first assembly component comprises a first assembly mold, the top surface of the first assembly mold is provided with a first assembly boss, the first assembly boss is provided with an inner ring mounting hole; the second assembly component comprises a second assembly mold and a retainer positioning ring, the top surface of the second assembly mold is provided with a positioning mandrel, the outer side of the positioning mandrel is provided with an inner ring positioning step; the retainer positioning ring is separately arranged from the second assembly mold, and the inner diameter of the retainer positioning ring is larger than the positioning mandrel; the retainer positioning ring is divided into at least two sub-rings along the circumferential direction; A test device, the test device comprising an outer ring mounting assembly, an inner ring clamping assembly and a torque measuring assembly; the outer ring mounting assembly comprises a test mounting seat and a test load block, the top surface of the test mounting seat is an outer ring bearing surface, and the test load block is provided with an outer ring loading surface; in a test state, the test load block is located above the test mounting seat, and an outer ring mounting interval is formed between the outer ring loading surface and the outer ring bearing surface; The inner ring clamping assembly comprises a clamping rod and two clamping end covers, the clamping end cover is connected to the clamping rod, and an inner ring clamping interval is formed between the two clamping end covers; the torque measuring assembly is detachably connected to the clamping rod.

2. The optional equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central angle corresponding to each sub-ring is no greater than 180°.

3. The optional equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test load block is provided with an avoidance hole, and the avoidance hole is arranged to penetrate the test load block along the axial direction; in the test state, the upper end of the clamping rod passes through the avoidance hole, and the torque measurement component is connected to the upper end of the clamping rod.

4. The matching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the clamping rod is integrally arranged with one of the clamping end covers, and the other clamping end cover is detachably sleeved on the clamping rod; the inner ring clamping assembly also includes a locking ring, which is sleeved on the clamping rod and threadedly connected to the clamping rod.

5. The optional equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A limiting core shaft is provided at the loading end of the optional load block, an annular inner ring loading step is provided on the outer side of the limiting core shaft, and the inner ring loading surface is arranged on the inner ring loading step.

6. A method for selecting self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings, characterized in that: The optional device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used; at least the following steps are included: S1. Assembly of the first outer ring: Use the first assembly component to install the inner ring into the inner ring mounting hole with the first end facing upward and the second end facing downward. At this time, the first groove on the inner ring is set higher than the first assembly boss, and the second groove on the inner ring is located in the inner ring mounting hole; place the first outer ring on the top surface of the first assembly mold, and sleeve it outside the first assembly boss. At this time, the low rib of the groove on the first outer ring is set upward; place the first retaining frame on the first assembly boss, and align the ball pocket hole of the first retaining frame with the first groove of the inner ring; install a specific number of rolling bodies into the first retaining frame in sequence; lift the first outer ring upward, and press the rolling body into the groove of the first outer ring. At this time, the inner ring, the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the rolling body are combined into an intermediate piece; S2. Assembly of the second outer ring: Use the second assembly component to install the intermediate piece on the second assembly mold, wherein the inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel with the second end facing upward, and the first end of the inner ring is set on the inner ring positioning step; the second outer ring is sleeved outside the inner ring and abuts against the first outer ring, and the low rib of the groove on the second outer ring is set upward; the retainer positioning ring is placed on the first retainer, and then the second retainer is placed on the retainer positioning ring, and the ball pocket hole of the second retainer is aligned with the second groove of the inner ring; a specific number of rolling bodies are sequentially installed in the second retainer, the second outer ring is lifted upward, and the rolling bodies are pressed into the groove of the second outer ring; S3. Spacer ring assembly: press the spacer ring between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the bearing assembly; S4. Starting torque test: Use the inner ring clamping assembly to place the inner ring between the two clamping end covers and lock it; place one end of the outer ring on the outer ring bearing surface of the test mount, and place the test load block on the other end of the outer ring. The outer ring loading surface contacts the corresponding end surface of the outer ring, and the test load block and the test mount jointly press the outer ring; connect the torque measuring assembly to the clamping rod, drive the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly to rotate relative to the outer ring, and obtain the measured starting torque through the torque measuring assembly; compare the measured starting torque with the designed starting torque. If the measured starting torque is not greater than the designed starting torque, it is judged to meet the design requirements and the product is qualified.

7. The matching method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before step S1, at least the following steps are included: S01. Determine the height of the spacer ring: select the inner ring, the first outer ring, the first cage, the second outer ring, the second cage and a specific number of rolling elements; Using the spacer ring matching device, assemble the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the first end of the inner ring, insert the second end of the inner ring downward into the inner ring accommodating hole, the detection end of the end surface measuring instrument contacts the end surface of the second end of the inner ring, the lower end surface of the first outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface, the inner ring loading surface of the optional load block is pressed on the upper end surface of the first outer ring, and the reading of the end surface measuring instrument is recorded; Disassemble the first outer ring and the first retaining frame, assemble the second outer ring, the second retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements on the second end of the inner ring, insert the first end of the inner ring downward into the inner ring accommodating hole, the detection end of the end surface measuring instrument contacts the end surface of the first end of the inner ring, the lower end surface of the second outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface, press the inner ring loading surface of the optional load block on the upper end surface of the second outer ring, and record the reading of the end surface measuring instrument; Determine the height of the spacer ring based on the two readings of the end face measuring instrument and select the corresponding spacer ring.

8. The matching method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before step S1, at least the following steps are included: S02. Spacer ring grouping: measuring the height of the spacer rings, and dividing a certain number of spacer rings into several groups with a height accuracy of 2um; In step S4, when the measured starting torque is greater than the designed starting torque, it is determined that the design requirements are not met; the current spacer ring is removed, and a spacer ring of a group adjacent to the current spacer ring is selected, and steps S3 and S4 are repeated.

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