Pneumatic punching machine for testing performance of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material

Abstract

A pneumatic punching machine for testing the performance of a PVC material comprises a machine base, a workbench and an air cylinder are arranged on the machine base, and a multi-cutting-die conversion head is installed at the end of a push rod of the air cylinder; the multi-cutting-die conversion head comprises a conical shell and an inclined plate body, the inclined plate body is fixed to the end of a push rod of the air cylinder, and the included angle between the inclined plate body and the axis of the air cylinder is 60 degrees. The conical shell is composed of three side plates, the included angle between every two adjacent side plates is 120 degrees, and three different punching cutting dies are installed on the three side plates. In conclusion, according to the pneumatic sheet punching machine, by integrating the multi-cutting-die conversion head, different punching cutter dies can be rapidly replaced under the condition that manual intervention is not needed, the time needed for replacing tools is greatly shortened, and therefore the sample preparation speed is increased; the pneumatic punching machine aims to improve the defects of a traditional pneumatic punching machine for testing the performance of the PVC material by improving the automation level and the operation simplicity and convenience, so that the overall efficiency and quality of testing the performance of the PVC material are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pneumatic punching, and in particular relates to a pneumatic punching machine for testing the performance of PVC materials. Background Art

[0002] PVC pipe (polyvinyl chloride pipe) is a plastic pipe widely used in water supply and drainage systems, industrial piping systems, agricultural irrigation, building drainage and many other fields. In order to ensure that the quality and performance of PVC pipes meet the established standards and specifications, and to ensure that the pipes can operate safely and reliably in the expected application environment, PVC material performance tests are required during the production process of PVC pipes. Before the PVC material performance test, a pneumatic punching machine is required to punch out standard-sized specimens. These specimens can be used in subsequent tensile tests, hardness tests and other quality control and research and development work; according to different test requirements, the pneumatic punching machine is equipped with a variety of shapes of punching dies (also called cutters). For example, when used for tensile strength testing, dumbbell-shaped specimens are required, when used to measure the tear resistance of materials, right-angle tear specimens are required, when used for some basic physical performance tests, rectangular specimens are required, and when used for tear strength testing, trouser-shaped tear specimens are required. When preparing specimens of different shapes, it is necessary to replace the corresponding punching die, and the manual replacement of the punching die is time-consuming, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of sample preparation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention aims to provide a pneumatic punching machine for testing the performance of PVC materials, so as to solve the technical problem of low working efficiency of pneumatic punching in the prior art.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A pneumatic punching machine for testing the performance of PVC materials, comprising a machine base, a workbench and a cylinder are arranged on the machine base, and a multi-die conversion head is installed at the end of the push rod of the cylinder;

[0006] The multi-cutting die conversion head includes a cone shell and an inclined plate body. The inclined plate body is fixed to the end of the push rod of the cylinder. The angle between the inclined plate body and the axis of the cylinder is 60°. The cone shell is composed of three side plates. The angle between two adjacent side plates is 120°. Three different punching dies are installed on the three side plates. A large bearing is installed between the top inner wall of the cone shell and the outer edge of the inclined plate body.

[0007] A central tube is arranged between the center of the inclined plate and the vertex of the cone shell. The central tube is arranged along the axial direction of the cone shell. One end of the central tube is fixed at the center of the inclined plate, and the other end of the central tube is rotatably mounted at the vertex of the cone shell through a small bearing.

[0008] A stepper motor is installed on the central tube, an inner gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the cone shell through a bracket, the axis of the inner gear ring coincides with the axis of the central tube, a driving gear is installed on the main shaft of the stepper motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the inner gear ring;

[0009] A controller and a touch control screen are arranged on the machine base, and the controller is respectively connected with the touch control screen, the cylinder and the stepping motor control.

[0010] Furthermore, two groups of pressing assemblies are installed on each side panel, and the two groups of pressing assemblies are located on both sides of the punching die. Each group of pressing assemblies includes an outer sleeve and an inner rod. The end of the outer sleeve is fixed on the side panel, and the inner rod is inserted in the outer sleeve. A return spring is arranged in the outer sleeve, and the two ends of the return spring are connected to the inner rod and the inner wall of the outer sleeve. When the return spring is in a normal state, the length of the pressing assembly is 1-1.5 cm greater than the height of the punching die.

[0011] Furthermore, an air pump is installed on the machine base, and an air pipe joint is connected to the inclined plate body. The air pipe joint is connected to the air pump through a hose. A cavity and a plurality of air holes are opened on each side plate. The air holes face the punching die. The cavity is connected to all the air holes, and the air pipe joint is connected to the cavity through a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is built into the inclined plate body and the center tube.

[0012] Furthermore, a feed support and a receiving platform are provided on the machine base, the feed support and the receiving platform are located on both sides of the machine base, and a feed belt conveyor mechanism is installed on the feed support;

[0013] The workbench is provided with a pad pushing mechanism, which includes two groups of pad pushing units, which work synchronously, and each group of pad pushing units includes an upper strip, a lower strip and a pushing motor, and a plurality of transmission rollers are rotatably installed between the upper strip and the lower strip, and double-row sprockets are installed at both ends of the transmission rollers, and the double-row sprockets of two adjacent transmission rollers are connected by a chain; the main shaft of the pushing motor is connected to the first transmission roller through a coupling;

[0014] The controller is respectively connected with the feeding belt conveying mechanism and the pushing motor control.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The pneumatic punching machine of the present invention can quickly replace different punching dies without manual intervention by integrating a multi-die conversion head, which greatly shortens the time required for tool replacement, thereby speeding up the sample preparation. Compared with the traditional manual replacement method, the automated replacement greatly improves the work efficiency;

[0017] (2) The equipment integrates advanced control technology, including touch screen control interface, stepper motor drive system and pneumatic system. The operator only needs to input instructions through the touch screen, and the equipment can automatically complete a series of processes such as feeding, punching, sample blowing and discharging. This not only simplifies the operation process and reduces the requirements for operator skills, but also reduces the error rate of manual operation;

[0018] (3) The traditional method of removing samples often relies on manual operation, which is extremely inconvenient. The new design sets air holes on the punching die and connects an air pump to use high-pressure gas to blow the cut samples out of the die, which has a high degree of automation.

[0019] (4) The present invention also considers that during the punching process, the punching die moves upward with the material, and a pressing component is installed on the multi-cutting die conversion head. When the punching die moves downward, the pressing component first contacts the material and applies pressure. On the one hand, the position of the material is fixed during the punching process to ensure the cutting accuracy, and on the other hand, the punching die is prevented from moving upward with the PVC test material;

[0020] (5) The present invention can adapt to the preparation requirements of various specimens by replacing different punching dies, such as dumbbell-shaped specimens, rectangular specimens or trouser-shaped specimens, which means that one device can meet the different test requirements of the laboratory, saving space and cost.

[0021] (6) The application of automated control systems not only simplifies the operating steps, but also reduces the probability of errors caused by human factors. Standardized operating procedures help improve the accuracy and repeatability of test results.

[0022] In summary, the present invention aims to improve the shortcomings of the traditional pneumatic punching machine for PVC material performance testing by improving the level of automation and ease of operation, thereby improving the overall efficiency and quality of PVC material performance testing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pneumatic punching machine for testing the performance of PVC materials according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-die conversion head;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of three punching cutter dies on the cone shell;

[0027] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the pad pushing unit;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0031] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a specific embodiment of a pneumatic punching machine for testing PVC material properties provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0032] A pneumatic punching machine for testing the performance of PVC materials comprises a machine base 1, on which a feed support 2, a receiving platform 3, a workbench 4 and a cylinder 5 are arranged, the feed support 2 and the receiving platform 3 are located on both sides of the machine base 1, a feed belt conveying mechanism 6 is installed on the feed support 2, and the feed belt conveying mechanism 6 is a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, which is an existing conventional technology, and its specific structure is not repeated; a multi-die conversion head 7 is installed at the end of the push rod of the cylinder 5;

[0033] The multi-cutting die conversion head 7 is mainly used for automatically replacing the punching die. The multi-cutting die conversion head 7 includes a cone shell 8 and an inclined plate body 9. The inclined plate body 9 is fixed to the end of the push rod of the cylinder 5, and the angle between the inclined plate body 9 and the axis of the cylinder 5 is 60°; the cone shell 8 is composed of three side plates 10, and the angle between two adjacent side plates 10 is 120°. Three different punching dies 11 are installed on the three side plates 10, and a large bearing 12 is installed between the top inner wall of the cone shell 8 and the outer edge of the inclined plate body 9; in the working state, one of the side plates 10 is located on the horizontal plane. When the punching die 11 needs to be switched, the cone shell 8 rotates 120° around its axis to rotate the other side plate 10 to the horizontal plane;

[0034] A central tube 13 is provided between the center of the inclined plate 9 and the vertex of the conical shell 8. The central tube 13 is provided along the axial direction of the conical shell 8. One end of the central tube 13 is fixed at the center of the inclined plate 9, and the other end of the central tube 13 is rotatably mounted at the vertex of the conical shell 8 through a small bearing 14.

[0035] A stepper motor 15 is mounted on the central tube 13, an inner gear ring 17 is fixed to the inner wall of the cone housing 8 through a bracket 16, the axis of the inner gear ring 17 coincides with the axis of the central tube 13, a driving gear 18 is mounted on the main shaft of the stepper motor 15, and the driving gear 18 meshes with the inner gear ring 17;

[0036] The workbench 4 is also provided with a pad pushing mechanism 19, which includes two groups of pad pushing units arranged side by side, and the two groups of pad pushing units work synchronously. Each group of pad pushing units includes an upper strip 20, a lower strip 21 and a pushing motor 22. A plurality of transmission rollers 23 are rotatably installed between the upper strip 20 and the lower strip 21. Double-row sprockets are installed at both ends of the transmission rollers 23, and the double-row sprockets of two adjacent transmission rollers 23 are connected by a chain 24; the main shaft of the pushing motor 22 is connected to the first transmission roller 23 through a coupling;

[0037] A controller and a touch control screen 25 are provided on the machine base 1 , and the controller is respectively connected to the touch control screen 25 , the feed belt conveyor mechanism 6 , the cylinder 5 , the push motor 22 and the stepping motor 15 .

[0038] The pneumatic punching machine for testing the performance of PVC materials in this embodiment can prepare up to three types of samples. For example, the punching dies 11 installed on the three side panels 10 are dumbbell-shaped, rectangular-shaped and trouser-shaped, respectively. When a dumbbell-shaped sample needs to be prepared, a command is input to the controller through the touch control screen 25. The controller can be a PLC controller. Then the experimenter places the pad and the PVC test material on the belt of the feed belt conveyor mechanism 6, wherein the PVC test material is located on the pad. The feed belt conveyor mechanism 6 conveys the pad and the PVC test material thereon to the workbench 4. The pad pushing mechanism 19 cooperates with the feed belt conveyor mechanism 6. The pad pushing mechanism 19 It is mainly responsible for conveying the pad on the workbench 4. The pad is located between the two groups of pad pushing units. The width of the pad is slightly larger than the distance between the drive rollers 23 of the two groups of pad pushing units. The pad is clamped by the drive rollers 23 of the two groups of pad pushing units and is transmitted forward as the drive rollers 23 rotate. When the pad completely enters the workbench 4, the controller starts the cylinder 5, and the cylinder 5 pushes the multi-cutting die conversion head 7. At this time, the dumbbell-shaped punching die 11 is located at the bottom. The dumbbell-shaped punching die 11 presses downward to cut the PVC test material to form a dumbbell-shaped sample. The dumbbell-shaped sample is located at the bottom of the punching die 11. After the punching is completed, the push rod of the cylinder 5 retracts, and the multi-cutting die conversion head 7 is reset.

[0039] After the sample is cut, the dumbbell-shaped sample is located at the bottom of the punching die 11. Due to the friction between the dumbbell-shaped sample and the punching die 11, the dumbbell-shaped sample cannot fall off the punching die 11 and needs to be taken out manually. In order to further increase the automation of the device and facilitate the removal of the dumbbell-shaped sample in the punching die 11 after punching, the device can be further optimized. Specifically, an air pump is installed on the machine base 1, and an air pipe connector 26 is connected to the inclined plate body 9. The air pipe connector 26 is connected to the air pump through a hose 27. A cavity 28 and a plurality of air holes 29 are opened on each side plate 10. The air holes 29 face the punching die 11, and the cavity 28 is connected to all the air holes 29. The air pipe connector 26 is connected to the cavity 28 through a connecting pipe 30, and the connecting pipe 30 is built into the inclined plate body 9 and the center tube 13.

[0040] When the dumbbell-shaped sample needs to be removed, the controller controls the air pump, and the air pump outputs high-pressure gas through the hose 27. The high-pressure gas enters the cavity 28 through the connecting pipe 30, and then enters the air hole 29 from the cavity 28, and is ejected outward from the air hole 29. The gas ejected from the air hole 29 blows off the dumbbell-shaped sample at the bottom of the punching die 11, and the dumbbell-shaped sample falls on the pad below; then the pad pushing mechanism 19 continues to push the pad, and pushes the pad and the dumbbell-shaped sample thereon, and the remaining PVC test material to the material receiving table 3, and the worker can take it off from the material receiving table 3.

[0041] In addition, after the punching of the sample is completed, the punching die 11 is slowly pulled upward from the PVC test material during the retraction of the push rod of the cylinder 5. Since the PVC test material is squeezed by the punching die 11, the punching die 11 is likely to move upward with the PVC test material during the upward movement of the punching die 11. In order to avoid the above situation, two sets of pressing components 31 can be installed on each side plate 10. The two sets of pressing components 31 are located on both sides of the punching die 11. Figure 5 As shown, each pressing assembly 31 includes an outer sleeve 32 and an inner rod 33, the end of the outer sleeve 32 is fixed on the side plate 10, the inner rod 33 is inserted in the outer sleeve 32, and a return spring 34 is arranged in the outer sleeve 32, and the two ends of the return spring 34 are connected to the inner rod 33 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 32; when the return spring 34 is in a normal state, the length of the pressing assembly 31 is greater than the height of the punching die 11 by 1-1.5 cm.

[0042] When the punching die 11 cuts the PVC test material, since the length of the pressing component 31 is greater than the punching die 11, during the movement of the punching die 11 over the PVC test material, the lower end of the inner rod 33 of the pressing component 31 first contacts the PVC test material, and then as the multi-cutting die conversion head 7 moves downward, the return spring 34 is compressed, the inner rod 33 enters the outer sleeve 32, and the pressing component 31 becomes shorter as a whole; after the cutting is completed, the push rod of the cylinder 5 retracts, the punching die 11 starts to move upward, and the inner rod 33 of the pressing component 31 is always pressed on the PVC test material until the punching die 11 is separated from the PVC test material, and the pressing component 31 moves upward with the side plate 10. The setting of the pressing component 31 can press the PVC test material on the workbench 4 when the punching die 11 is separated from the PVC test material, thereby avoiding the situation where the punching die 11 moves upward with the PVC test material.

[0043] In the above embodiment, only one punching die 11 is used to cut the sample. When two shapes of samples need to be prepared, the steps are as follows: for example, when a dumbbell-shaped sample and a rectangular sample need to be prepared, a command is input to the controller through the touch control screen 25, and the feed belt conveyor mechanism 6 conveys the pad and the PVC test material thereon to the workbench 4. The controller starts the cylinder 5, and the cylinder 5 pushes the multi-cutting die conversion head 7. At this time, the dumbbell-shaped punching die 11 is located at the bottom, and the dumbbell-shaped punching die 11 presses downward to cut the PVC test material to form a dumbbell-shaped sample, and then the air pump is started. , the dumbbell-shaped sample at the bottom of the punching die 11 is blown off, and the pad pushing mechanism 19 continues to push the PVC test material forward for a distance. Then the controller controls the stepping motor 15 to start, and the stepping motor 15 drives the cone shell 8 to rotate 120° around its axis through the meshing transmission of the driving gear 18 and the inner gear ring 17, and rotates the rectangular punching die 11 to the bottom, and then the same method is used to complete the cutting of the rectangular sample. Finally, the pad pushing mechanism 19 transports the PVC test material and the cut sample thereon to the material receiving table 3, completing the cutting operation of multiple samples.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pneumatic punching machine for testing the performance of PVC materials, comprising a machine base, a workbench and a cylinder are arranged on the machine base, characterized in that: A multi-die cutting conversion head is installed at the end of the push rod of the cylinder; The multi-cutting die conversion head includes a cone shell and an inclined plate body. The inclined plate body is fixed to the end of the push rod of the cylinder. The angle between the inclined plate body and the axis of the cylinder is 60°. The cone shell is composed of three side plates. The angle between two adjacent side plates is 120°. Three different punching dies are installed on the three side plates. A large bearing is installed between the top inner wall of the cone shell and the outer edge of the inclined plate body. A central tube is arranged between the center of the inclined plate and the vertex of the cone shell. The central tube is arranged along the axial direction of the cone shell. One end of the central tube is fixed at the center of the inclined plate, and the other end of the central tube is rotatably mounted at the vertex of the cone shell through a small bearing. A stepper motor is installed on the central tube, an inner gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the cone shell through a bracket, the axis of the inner gear ring coincides with the axis of the central tube, a driving gear is installed on the main shaft of the stepper motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the inner gear ring; A controller and a touch control screen are arranged on the machine base, and the controller is respectively connected with the touch control screen, the cylinder and the stepping motor control.

2. A pneumatic punching machine for testing PVC material properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of pressing assemblies are installed on each side plate, and the two groups of pressing assemblies are located on both sides of the punching die. Each group of pressing assemblies includes an outer sleeve and an inner rod. The end of the outer sleeve is fixed on the side plate, and the inner rod is inserted in the outer sleeve. A return spring is arranged in the outer sleeve, and the two ends of the return spring are connected to the inner rod and the inner wall of the outer sleeve. When the return spring is in a normal state, the length of the pressing assembly is 1-1.5 cm greater than the height of the punching die.

3. A pneumatic punching machine for testing PVC material properties according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air pump is installed on the machine base, and an air pipe joint is connected to the inclined plate body. The air pipe joint is connected to the air pump through a hose. A cavity and a plurality of air holes are opened on each side plate. The air holes face the punching die. The cavity is connected to all the air holes, and the air pipe joint is connected to the cavity through a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is built into the inclined plate body and the center tube.

4. A pneumatic punching machine for testing PVC material properties according to claim 3, characterized in that: A feed support and a receiving platform are arranged on the machine base, the feed support and the receiving platform are located on both sides of the machine base, and a feed belt conveying mechanism is installed on the feed support; The workbench is provided with a pad pushing mechanism, which includes two groups of pad pushing units, which work synchronously, and each group of pad pushing units includes an upper strip, a lower strip and a pushing motor, and a plurality of transmission rollers are rotatably installed between the upper strip and the lower strip, and double-row sprockets are installed at both ends of the transmission rollers, and the double-row sprockets of two adjacent transmission rollers are connected by a chain; the main shaft of the pushing motor is connected to the first transmission roller through a coupling; The controller is respectively connected with the feeding belt conveying mechanism and the pushing motor control.

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