Rain sewage square cover plate bearing test system

Abstract

The invention relates to a rain sewage square cover plate bearing test system which comprises a supporting unit used for supporting a cover plate, the supporting unit comprises a first steel base plate arranged at the bottom end of the cover plate and a second steel base plate arranged at the top end of the cover plate, the long axis direction of the cover plate is defined as the first direction, and the breadth direction of the cover plate is defined as the second direction; the auxiliary supporting unit is arranged beside the supporting unit and comprises a track beam, the track beam and the cover plate are distributed in parallel in the first direction, and the track beam extends in the second direction; and the pressurizing unit comprises a pressurizing box, the two sides of the pressurizing box are supported on the second steel base plate and the track beam respectively, and a balancing weight is placed in the pressurizing box. According to the bearing test system, the supporting unit, the auxiliary supporting unit and the pressurizing unit are matched with one another to carry out a bearing test on the cover plate, the test precision is high, and the phenomenon that the balancing weight falls off is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of cover plate testing, and in particular to a rainwater and sewage square cover plate bearing test system. Background Art

[0002] A rail-mounted crane is a traveling slewing crane that travels on tracks laid along the ground and needs to be dismantled and reinstalled when the work site is moved. It includes tower cranes, gantry cranes, etc.

[0003] The rail-mounted crane is mainly composed of the following parts: Hoisting mechanism: The hoisting mechanism includes a hoisting motor. The motor drives the drum to rotate through transmission components such as couplings. The drum is wrapped with a wire rope, and the lower end of the wire rope is connected to a special container spreader. When the motor rotates forward, the drum releases the wire rope to drive the spreader down; when the motor reverses, the drum reels in the wire rope to raise the spreader, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the container; Cart running mechanism: The gantry crane runs along the track laid on the ground. Its trolley running mechanism includes components such as a motor, a reducer, and wheels. The power of the motor is transmitted to the wheels after being decelerated by the reducer. The wheels roll on the track, driving the entire gantry crane to move longitudinally along the track, so that the position can be adjusted within the yard covered by the track to lift containers at different positions; Trolley running mechanism: The trolley is the part that moves horizontally on the main beam of the gantry crane. Its running mechanism also includes a motor, a reducer, and wheels. The power transmission method of the car running mechanism is similar to that of the trolley running mechanism. The motor drives the wheels to roll on the main beam track, so that the trolley moves laterally. Combined with the movement of the trolley and the lifting mechanism, it can accurately locate and lift the container. Main beam structure: The main beam structure consists of two box-shaped end beams. The frame beam is supported on the rigid and flexible legs. At present, the off-track box beam is often used. In order to make the flange weld avoid the high stress area caused by the wheel pressure, the rail-bearing part is welded with the main beam panel and the load-bearing web by "T" steel. The main beam is connected to the rigid leg by high-strength bolts or welding, and the connection with the flexible leg is hinged. Leg structure: Both the rigid gantry leg and the flexible gantry leg adopt a box structure. For the rail-mounted container gantry crane with small and medium spans, the gantry legs on both sides are made into rigid gantry legs. For the "Π"-shaped gantry legs, the strength and rigidity along the trolley direction are achieved by the rigid connection between the gantry legs and the top crossbeam; for the "U"-shaped gantry legs, it is achieved by the rigid connection between the gantry legs and the bottom crossbeam.

[0004] At present, in order to ensure the structural strength of the various components that constitute the rail-mounted crane, some components need to be tested for their bearing capacity after processing, such as pile legs, connecting brackets, mounting brackets, cable groove covers, rainwater and sewage cover plates, etc., to ensure the structural strength of the rail-mounted crane. At present, when carrying out a bearing test on the rainwater and sewage cover plate, the traditional way is to support the two sides of the rainwater and sewage cover plate on a pad respectively, so that the rainwater and sewage cover plate is suspended in the air, and then directly place a counterweight block on the rainwater and sewage cover plate to carry out a bearing test on the rainwater and sewage cover plate.

[0005] In the above-mentioned test method, when testing the rainwater and sewage cover plate, the rainwater and sewage cover plate is usually a slender structure, that is, the length of the rainwater and sewage cover plate is much larger than the width of the rainwater and sewage cover plate, and the general counterweight blocks are mostly small cylindrical structures or rectangular structures. Therefore, uneven force is prone to occur during the test, especially when the number of counterweight blocks placed is small, some parts will be subject to large force or some parts will be subject to small force, which will lead to inaccurate test results; in addition, once the local weight is too heavy, it will cause the rainwater and sewage cover plate to bend excessively or even break, which will cause the counterweight blocks placed on the rainwater and sewage cover plate to fall, posing a safety hazard.‌ Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rainwater and sewage square cover plate bearing test system with high test accuracy and avoiding falling phenomenon.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a rainwater and sewage cover plate bearing test system, the innovation of which is: comprising: A support unit for supporting the cover plate, the support unit comprising a first steel backing plate arranged at the bottom end of the cover plate and a second steel backing plate arranged at the top end of the cover plate, defining the long axis direction of the cover plate as the first direction and the width direction of the cover plate as the second direction, two first steel backing plates distributed on both sides of the cover plate along the first direction, and one second steel backing plate located in the middle of the cover plate; An auxiliary support unit is arranged beside the support unit, the auxiliary support unit comprises a track beam, the track beam and the cover plate are arranged in parallel along the first direction, and the track beam extends along the second direction; A pressurizing unit, the pressurizing unit includes a pressurizing box, the two sides of which are respectively supported on the second steel pad and the track beam, and the length of the pressurizing box in the second direction is longer than the length of the second steel pad and shorter than the length of the track beam. The pressurizing box is a hollow rectangular box with an open upper end, and a counterweight is placed in the pressurizing box.

[0008] Furthermore, a wooden block is provided on both sides of the support unit in the second direction, and the height of the upper end surface of the wooden block is lower than the height of the second steel pad, and one side of the wooden block is located directly below the pressurized box.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressurized box includes a base, columns installed on the base, and a crossbeam connecting the columns. An inclined brace is arranged between the columns. Several positioning plates are installed on the upper end surface of the base of the pressurized box. The positioning plates are in an inverted V shape, and two adjacent positioning plates cooperate to achieve the positioning of the counterweight block. Inclined surfaces cooperating with the positioning plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the counterweight block, and the two inclined surfaces of the counterweight block are distributed in an inverted figure eight shape.

[0010] Furthermore, a positioning protrusion extending upward is provided at the top end of the counterweight block, and a positioning groove matching with the positioning protrusion is provided at the bottom end of the counterweight block.

[0011] Furthermore, the test method of the load-bearing test system comprises the following steps: S1: First, prepare the cover plate test block, the first steel plate, the second steel plate, the track beam, the pressure box, the counterweight, the gantry crane and the wire rope required for the load-bearing test, and before the test, draw a test line in the middle of the cover plate test block in advance, and the test line extends along the long axis direction of the cover plate test block; S2: Then, the gantry crane is used to place each component in sequence according to the load-bearing test system of claim 1, and the test is started after confirming that the placement is stable and there are no other irrelevant personnel around; S3: Loading test. In the initial state, the pressurized box is empty and weighs 15t. The gantry crane is used to hoist the counterweights into the pressurized box. The weight of a single counterweight is 5t. Each load is 10t. The counterweights are evenly placed in the pressurized box. There are 7 levels of testing, namely 15t, 25t, 35t, 45t, 55t, 65t and 75t. When loading the counterweight block, a 15-minute interval is required between each loading level to measure and record the maximum deflection of the cover plate test block in the long axis direction, and cancel the subsequent loading test when the maximum deflection exceeds L / 200, where L is the length of the cover plate test block; S4: Unloading test: After the loading test, the unloading test is carried out. The gantry crane is used to lift the counterweight block and the pressurizing box off the cover plate test block in turn. There are three levels of unloading test, namely 55t, 35t and 0t, and each unloading level needs to be separated by 15 minutes. The residual deformation is observed and recorded. S5: Complete the cover plate bearing test.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, when performing the loading test, if cracks appear in the cover plate test block, the test is stopped immediately.

[0013] The advantages of the present invention are: the load-bearing test system of the present invention performs a load-bearing test on the cover plate through the mutual cooperation between the support unit, the auxiliary support unit and the pressurizing unit. The counterweight block does not directly apply pressure to the cover plate, but applies pressure to the cover plate as a whole through the pressurizing box. The pressure is more uniform, and the relative test accuracy is also improved. At the same time, placing all the counterweight blocks in the pressurizing box also avoids the phenomenon of the counterweight blocks falling.

[0014] The cooperation between the positioning plate on the base and the inclined surfaces on both sides of the bottom end of the counterweight block can position the counterweight block at the bottom when the counterweight block is placed in the pressurized box, so as to limit the initial position of the counterweight block, providing a basis for the accuracy of subsequent tests. At the same time, it is also to avoid the counterweight block from sliding and moving in the pressurized box when the pressurized box is tilted due to the bending of the cover plate after the counterweight block is placed or during the test, thereby ensuring the fixation of the position of the counterweight block.

[0015] The wooden planks on both sides of the support unit are designed to prevent falling, so as to avoid excessive bending or even breaking of the cover during the load-bearing test, which would cause the pressurized box to fall directly on that side. This provides good protection and avoids safety accidents.

[0016] The design of the positioning protrusion and positioning groove on the counterweight block serves the purpose of limiting the relative position between two adjacent counterweight blocks distributed vertically, thereby preventing the counterweight blocks from sliding or moving during the test and ensuring the stability of the position of each counterweight block.

[0017] Based on the load-bearing test system of the present invention, when conducting a load-bearing test, the cover plate is subjected to a load-bearing test by combining a loading test with an unloading test, and a plurality of different levels of weights are used to sequentially conduct load-bearing tests on the cover plate. This can accurately implement the test of the bearing capacity of the cover plate to ensure that the cover plate can meet the bearing capacity requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the rainwater and sewage cover plate bearing test system of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a side view of the rainwater and sewage cover plate bearing test system of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a side view of the rainwater and sewage side covering plate bearing test system of the present invention from another direction.

[0021] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the cover plate test block before testing in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cover plate test block after testing in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 5 A stormwater and sewage side covering plate bearing test system is shown, comprising A support unit for supporting the cover plate, the support unit includes a first steel pad 2 arranged at the bottom end of the cover plate and a second steel pad 3 arranged at the top end of the cover plate, the first steel pad 2 and the second steel pad 3 are both rectangular plates, defining the long axis direction of the cover plate as the first direction and the width direction of the cover plate as the second direction, there are two first steel pads 2 distributed on both sides of the cover plate along the first direction, and there is one second steel pad 3 located in the middle of the cover plate.

[0025] A wooden square 13 is also provided on both sides of the support unit in the second direction, and the height of the upper end surface of the wooden square 13 is lower than the height of the second steel pad 3. The wooden square 13 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and one side of the wooden square 13 is located directly below the pressurized box. The design of the wooden square 13 on both sides of the support unit is used as an anti-fall protection to prevent the cover plate from excessive bending or even breaking during the load-bearing test, thereby causing the side of the pressurized box to fall directly, which plays a good protective role and avoids safety accidents.

[0026] The auxiliary support unit is arranged beside the support unit, and the auxiliary support unit includes a track beam 14. The track beam 14 and the cover plate are arranged in parallel along the first direction, and the track beam 14 extends along the second direction.

[0027] The pressurizing unit includes a pressurizing box, both sides of which are supported on the second steel pad 3 and the track beam 14 respectively, and the length of the pressurizing box in the second direction is longer than the length of the second steel pad 3 and shorter than the length of the track beam 14. The pressurizing box is a hollow rectangular box with an open upper end, and a counterweight block 7 is placed in the pressurizing box. The counterweight block 7 is a rectangular counterweight.

[0028] The pressurized box includes a base 4, columns 5 installed on the base 4 and beams 6 connecting the columns 5. The base 4, the columns 5 and the beams 6 are welded to form a hollow rectangular pressurized box. An inclined diagonal brace is also arranged between the columns 5. The two sides of the diagonal brace are respectively welded and fixed to two adjacent columns 5. Triangular reinforcing plates 10 are respectively welded between the upper and lower sides of the columns 5 and the beams 6 and the base 4. Lifting ears 9 for lifting are also installed on the columns 5 or the beams 6.

[0029] Several positioning plates 11 are also installed on the upper end surface of the base 4 of the pressurized box. The positioning plates 11 are in an inverted V shape and are welded and fixed to the base 4. Two adjacent positioning plates 11 cooperate to realize the positioning of the counterweight 7. Inclined surfaces that cooperate with the positioning plates 11 are also provided on both sides of the bottom end of the counterweight 7, and the two inclined surfaces of the counterweight 7 are distributed in an inverted figure eight shape. The cooperation between the positioning plates 11 on the base 4 and the inclined surfaces on both sides of the bottom end of the counterweight can play a role in positioning the bottommost counterweight 7 when the counterweight 7 is placed in the pressurized box, so as to limit the initial position of the counterweight 7, and provide a basis for the accuracy of subsequent tests. At the same time, it is also to avoid the counterweight 7 from sliding and moving in the pressurized box when the pressurized box is tilted due to the bending of the cover plate after the counterweight 7 is placed or during the test, thereby ensuring the fixed position of the counterweight 7.

[0030] Positioning protrusions 8 extending upward are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the counterweight block 7, and a positioning groove cooperating with the positioning protrusions 8 is provided at the bottom of the counterweight block 7. The design of the positioning protrusions 8 and the positioning grooves on the counterweight block 7 serves to limit the relative position between two adjacent counterweight blocks 7 distributed vertically, thereby preventing the counterweight blocks 7 from sliding or moving during the test and ensuring the stability of the position of each counterweight block 7.

[0031] The load-bearing test system of the present invention performs a load-bearing test on the cover plate through the mutual cooperation between the support unit, the auxiliary support unit and the pressurizing unit. The counterweight block does not directly apply pressure to the cover plate, but applies pressure to the cover plate as a whole through the pressurizing box. The pressure is more uniform, and the relative test accuracy is also improved. At the same time, placing all the counterweight blocks in the pressurizing box also avoids the phenomenon of the counterweight blocks falling.

[0032] Based on the above-mentioned load-bearing test system, when the cover plate is subjected to a load-bearing test, the following steps are performed: S1: First, prepare the cover plate test block 1, the first steel plate 2, the second steel plate 3, the track beam 14, the pressure box, the counterweight 7, the gantry crane and the wire rope 12 required for the load-bearing test, and before the test, draw a detection line 15 in the middle of the cover plate test block 1 in advance, and the detection line 15 extends along the long axis direction of the cover plate test block 1, such as Figure 4As shown, the length of the cover plate test block 1 is 1700mm, the length of the first steel pad 2 is 500mm, the width is 250mm, the length and width of the second steel pad 3 are both 500mm, the lifting capacity of the gantry crane is 40t, the weight of a single counterweight block 7 is 5t, the track beam 14 uses a 316 track beam, the weight of the pressurized box is 15t, there are four steel wire ropes 12, and each steel wire rope 12 is equipped with a 10t shackle.

[0033] S2: Then, the gantry crane is used to move each component according to the Figure 1 The load-bearing test system shown is placed in sequence, and the test is started after confirming that it is placed firmly and there are no other irrelevant personnel around. At this time, the counterweight block 7 is not placed in the pressurized box.

[0034] S3: Loading test. In the initial state, the pressurized box is in an empty state. The gantry crane is used to hoist the counterweight 7 into the pressurized box through the cooperation of the wire rope 12, and the positioning plate 11 is used to position the counterweight 7 on the bottom side. The positioning protrusion 8 at the top of the counterweight 7 of the next layer is embedded in the positioning groove at the bottom of the counterweight 7 of the previous layer to achieve the positioning and placement of the two adjacent counterweights 7. Each time 10t is loaded, the counterweights 7 are evenly placed in the pressurized box. There are 7 levels of testing, namely 15t, 25t, 35t, 45t, 55t, 65t, and 75t.

[0035] When loading the counterweight block 7, an interval of 15 minutes is required between each loading level, and the maximum deflection in the long axis direction of the cover plate test block 1 is measured and recorded. When measuring the maximum deflection, a horizontal line 16 is re-drawn according to the end points on both sides of the detection line 15 on the cover plate test block 1, as shown in the figure, and the distance between the horizontal line 16 and the lowest point of the detection line 15 is measured, which is the deflection of the cover plate test block 1. When the maximum deflection exceeds L / 200, the subsequent loading test is cancelled, and L is the length of the cover plate test block 1.

[0036] During the loading test, if cracks appear on the cover plate test block 1, the test is immediately stopped and the cover plate test block 1 is judged as a defective product.

[0037] S4: Unloading test. After the loading test is completed, the unloading test is continued. The counterweight block 7 and the pressurizing box are successively lifted off the cover plate test block 1 by a gantry crane. There are 3 levels of unloading test, namely 55t, 35t and 0t, and each unloading level also needs to be separated by 15 minutes. The residual deformation is observed and recorded.

[0038] S5: Complete the cover plate bearing test.

[0039] Based on the load-bearing test system of the present invention, when conducting a load-bearing test, the cover plate is subjected to a load-bearing test by combining a loading test with an unloading test, and a plurality of different levels of weights are used to sequentially conduct load-bearing tests on the cover plate. This can accurately implement the test of the bearing capacity of the cover plate to ensure that the cover plate can meet the bearing capacity requirements.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rainwater and sewage cover plate bearing test system, characterized in that: include A support unit for supporting the cover plate, the support unit comprising a first steel backing plate arranged at the bottom end of the cover plate and a second steel backing plate arranged at the top end of the cover plate, defining the long axis direction of the cover plate as the first direction and the width direction of the cover plate as the second direction, two first steel backing plates distributed on both sides of the cover plate along the first direction, and one second steel backing plate located in the middle of the cover plate; An auxiliary support unit is arranged beside the support unit, the auxiliary support unit comprises a track beam, the track beam and the cover plate are arranged in parallel along the first direction, and the track beam extends along the second direction; A pressurizing unit, the pressurizing unit includes a pressurizing box, the two sides of which are respectively supported on the second steel pad and the track beam, and the length of the pressurizing box in the second direction is longer than the length of the second steel pad and shorter than the length of the track beam. The pressurizing box is a hollow rectangular box with an open upper end, and a counterweight is placed in the pressurizing box.

2. The rainwater and sewage cover plate bearing test system according to claim 1 is characterized by: A wooden block is also provided on both sides of the support unit in the second direction, and the height of the upper end surface of the wooden block is lower than the height of the second steel pad, and one side of the wooden block is located directly below the pressurized box.

3. The rainwater and sewage cover plate bearing test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressurized box includes a base, columns installed on the base and a crossbeam connecting the columns. An inclined brace is also arranged between the columns. Several positioning plates are also installed on the upper end surface of the base of the pressurized box. The positioning plates are in an inverted V shape, and two adjacent positioning plates cooperate to achieve the positioning of the counterweight block. Inclined surfaces that cooperate with the positioning plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the counterweight block, and the two inclined surfaces of the counterweight block are distributed in an inverted eight shape.

4. The rainwater and sewage cover plate bearing test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the counterweight block is also provided with a positioning protrusion extending upward, and the bottom end of the counterweight block is also provided with a positioning groove matched with the positioning protrusion.

5. The rainwater and sewage cover plate bearing test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test method of the load-bearing test system comprises the following steps: S1: First, prepare the cover plate test block, the first steel plate, the second steel plate, the track beam, the pressure box, the counterweight, the gantry crane and the wire rope required for the load-bearing test, and before the test, draw a test line in the middle of the cover plate test block in advance, and the test line extends along the long axis direction of the cover plate test block; S2: Then, the gantry crane is used to place each component in sequence according to the load-bearing test system of claim 1, and the test is started after confirming that the placement is stable and there are no other irrelevant personnel around; S3: Loading test. In the initial state, the pressurized box is empty and weighs 15t. The gantry crane is used to hoist the counterweights into the pressurized box. The weight of a single counterweight is 5t. Each load is 10t. The counterweights are evenly placed in the pressurized box. There are 7 levels of testing, namely 15t, 25t, 35t, 45t, 55t, 65t and 75t. When loading the counterweight block, a 15-minute interval is required between each loading level to measure and record the maximum deflection of the cover plate test block in the long axis direction, and cancel the subsequent loading test when the maximum deflection exceeds L / 200, where L is the length of the cover plate test block; S4: Unloading test: After the loading test, the unloading test is carried out. The gantry crane is used to lift the counterweight block and the pressurizing box off the cover plate test block in turn. There are three levels of unloading test, namely 55t, 35t and 0t, and each unloading level needs to be separated by 15 minutes. The residual deformation is observed and recorded. S5: Complete the cover plate bearing test.

6. The rainwater and sewage cover plate bearing test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, when the loading test is being performed, if cracks appear on the cover plate test block, the test is stopped immediately.

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