Sand-carrying capacity measuring device for fluids with different viscosities

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil-gas field development, in particular to a sand-carrying capacity measuring device for fluids with different viscosities. Comprising a fluid configuration system, a power system, a metering system, a measuring system and a data acquisition system, the fluid configuration system is used for configuring fluids with different viscosities and feeding sand into the measuring system according to a certain proportion; the power system is used for providing power for the experiment; the metering system is used for measuring the fluid flow, the pipe section pressure and the sand carrying amount in the experiment process; the measuring system is used for simulating the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities; the data acquisition system is used for acquiring and analyzing data in real time; solutions with different viscosities are prepared, fluids with different viscosities carry sand, and the sand-carrying characteristics of crude oil with different viscosities are simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and in particular to a device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities. Background Art

[0002] The phenomenon of sand production during the flowback and production stages after horizontal well fracturing is one of the common problems in the exploitation of sandstone reservoirs. At present, the basic rules for the carrying of solid particles by low-viscosity fluids have been relatively clear, but there is still no mature rule for the carrying of solid particles by higher-viscosity fluids. When the production of the oil well is low, these sand particles will not be carried by the well fluid, but will gradually accumulate at the bottom of the well. In view of this phenomenon, it is extremely difficult or even impossible to directly calculate the ability of the fluid in the pipeline to carry sand particles using a purely theoretical method; therefore, it can only be done with the help of certain indoor testing methods, combined with statistical analysis and theoretical calculations to determine the influence of different viscosity fluids on the sand carrying capacity of the fluid.

[0003] Prior art CN210483588U discloses a device for evaluating the sand-carrying capacity of wellbore fluid, which uses a centrifugal pump to provide driving force, can accurately adjust the fluid flow rate, and has a wide test range; a sand storage bag is connected to the bottom of the plexiglass tube in combination with a manual pump to achieve online sand injection at the bottom of the plexiglass tube to simulate the sand production at the bottom of the wellbore. A sand injection port is set at the lower part of the side of the plexiglass tube to realize the pipeline pre-sand injection process and simulate the sand settling condition at the bottom of the wellbore. Quick-release valves are set at both ends of the plexiglass tube, and the sand content that cannot be carried out by the fluid can be measured by disassembly. A collection bucket is set at the tail of the pipeline to measure the sand content carried out by the fluid. The transparent plexiglass tube can display the flow state of the fluid in the tube in real time. However, the above device cannot simulate the sand-carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities, and the simulation of wellbores with different inclination angles cannot be achieved.

[0004] Prior art CN111140228B discloses a visual experimental device and experimental method for studying the sand-carrying law of geothermal well fluids. The experimental device includes a horizontal composite wellbore assembly, a longitudinal composite wellbore assembly and a stirring tank. The stirring tank is connected to the horizontal composite wellbore assembly and the longitudinal composite wellbore assembly respectively. The horizontal composite wellbore assembly, the longitudinal composite wellbore assembly and the stirring tank are provided with heating wires inside. The longitudinal composite wellbore assembly includes a longitudinal wellbore and a bracket. The longitudinal wellbore is hinged to the bracket. A dial is also provided at the hinge of the longitudinal wellbore and the bracket. A plugging cover is provided at the upper end of the longitudinal wellbore. The filter is located below the plugging cover, which can meet the research requirements under different well-out angles. However, the simulation of the sand-carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities cannot be achieved.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a sand-carrying capacity measuring device for fluids with different viscosities, which can simulate the influence of fluids with different viscosities on the sand-carrying capacity, and the influence of gravel with different sand particle sizes on the critical gravel flow rate, compared with the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention solves the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities, comprising a fluid configuration system, a power system, a metering system, a measuring system and a data acquisition system;

[0009] The fluid configuration system is used to configure fluids of different viscosities and to feed sand into the measurement system in a certain proportion;

[0010] The power system is used to provide power for the experiment;

[0011] The metering system is used to measure the fluid flow, pipe section pressure and sand carrying capacity during the experiment;

[0012] The measuring system is used to simulate the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities;

[0013] The data acquisition system is used for real-time data acquisition and analysis.

[0014] Furthermore, the fluid configuration system includes a stirring tank, a viscosity tester and a sand feeder, the stirring tank is connected to the viscosity tester, the stirring tank is connected to a measuring system at one end away from the viscosity tester, the viscosity tester is connected to the power system at one end away from the stirring tank, and the sand feeder is connected to the measuring system.

[0015] Furthermore, the metering system includes a flow meter assembly, multiple pressure sensors and an electronic scale, one end of the flow meter assembly is connected to the power system, the other end of the flow meter assembly is connected to the inlet of the measuring system, the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of the measuring system, one end of the electronic scale is connected to the outlet of the measuring system, the other end of the electronic scale is connected to a circulation system, and the circulation system is located between the electronic scale and the stirring tank.

[0016] Furthermore, the circulation system includes a sedimentation tank and a filter tank, one end of the sedimentation tank is connected to the filter tank, the other end of the sedimentation tank is connected to the electronic scale, and the end of the filter tank away from the sedimentation tank is connected to the stirring tank.

[0017] Furthermore, the power system outlet is connected to three pipelines, namely the first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline. The first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline are arranged in parallel. The flow meter assembly includes a first volume flow meter, a second volume flow meter, and a third volume flow meter. The first volume flow meter is connected in series to the first pipeline, the second volume flow meter is connected in series to the second pipeline, and the third volume flow meter is connected in series to the third pipeline.

[0018] Furthermore, a first liquid valve is connected in series to the first pipeline, and the first liquid valve is located at the fluid outflow end of the first pipeline; a second liquid valve is connected in series to the second pipeline, and the second liquid valve is located at the fluid outflow end of the second pipeline; and a third liquid valve is connected in series to the third pipeline, and the third liquid valve is located at the fluid outflow end of the third pipeline.

[0019] Furthermore, the measurement system includes a test pipeline, a test bench and a hydraulic system, the test pipeline is connected to the test bench, the hydraulic system is located on the test bench, the hydraulic system controls the inclination angle of the test pipeline, the test pipeline uses a transparent plexiglass tube, and multiple pressure sensors are arranged outside the test pipeline.

[0020] Furthermore, the test bench includes an integrally connected horizontal portion and a vertical portion and an inclined portion slidably connected between the horizontal portion and the vertical portion, the test pipeline is fixedly connected to the inclined portion, the lower end of the inclined portion is connected to the horizontal portion via a lower pulley, the upper end of the inclined portion is connected to the vertical portion via an upper pulley, a fixed pulley is provided at the upper end of the vertical portion, the hydraulic system is arranged on the lower wall inside the vertical portion, the output end of the hydraulic system is connected to a hydraulic transmission rope, and the hydraulic transmission rope passes around the fixed pulley and is connected to the upper pulley.

[0021] Furthermore, the power system adopts a centrifugal pump.

[0022] Furthermore, the data acquisition system adopts a PC, and the PC is connected to the metering system.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention adopts a combination of a stirring tank and a viscosity measuring instrument, which can realize real-time configuration and real-time stirring of a high-viscosity solution to prevent precipitation of the high-viscosity phase. It can also configure solutions of different viscosities to realize sand carrying of fluids of different viscosities and simulate the sand carrying characteristics of crude oils of different viscosities.

[0025] (2) The sand feeder of the present invention is arranged at the bottom of the test pipeline, which can realize real-time sand injection and sand deposition, simulating the real-time sand discharge and sand sedimentation of the wellbore; the sand feeder can also put a part of sand in the pipeline in advance to simulate the sand deposition in the pipeline, and then start the centrifugal pump to flush the sand, simulating the influence of different viscosity fluids on the sand migration law after the wellbore sand deposition.

[0026] (3) The position of the pressure sensor of the present invention is adjustable, and the pressure fluctuations at various positions of the test pipeline can be monitored in real time.

[0027] (4) The present invention places the test pipeline on a test bench, and the test bench controls the angle of the test pipeline through a hydraulic system to achieve 0-90° adjustment of the pipeline. Compared with the conventional winch-pulled test bench, it is safer and more convenient to adjust.

[0028] (5) The test pipeline of the present invention is composed of organic glass tubes, which can realize the visualization of the experimental process. The 11m test pipeline is composed of 5 small sections of organic glass tubes, and the experimental pipeline is detachable.

[0029] (6) The present invention is provided with three volume flow meters, and by connecting them in parallel, the liquid flow rate can be accurately adjusted, the experimental measurement range can be expanded, and the measurement accuracy can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stirring tank of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sand feeder of the present invention.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Mixing tank; 101. Tank body; 102. Driving motor; 103. Stirring rod; 104. Blade; 2. Viscosity tester; 3. Liquid storage tank; 4. Centrifugal pump; 5. First volume flowmeter; 6. Second volume flowmeter; 7. Third volume flowmeter; 8. First liquid valve; 9. Second liquid valve; 10. Third liquid valve; 11. Liquid inlet pipe; 12. Lower pulley; 13. Test bench; 14. Hydraulic system; 15. Hydraulic transmission rope; 16. Sand feeder; 161. Turbine; 162. Second blade; 163. Stirring chamber; 164. Frequency conversion motor; 17. First pressure sensor; 18. Second pressure sensor; 19. Third pressure sensor; 20. Test pipeline; 21. Upper pulley; 22. Fixed pulley; 23. Liquid outlet pipe; 24. Electronic scale; 25. Sedimentation tank; 26. Recovery pipeline; 27. Filter tank; 28. One-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities, comprising a fluid configuration system, a power system, a metering system, a measuring system and a data acquisition system, wherein the fluid configuration system is used to configure fluids with different viscosities and to feed sand into a test pipeline in a certain proportion; the power system is used to provide power for the experiment; the metering system is used to measure the fluid flow rate, pipe section pressure and sand carrying amount during the experiment; the measuring system is used to simulate the sand carrying capacity of production oil pipes with different diameters when fluids with different viscosities pass through them; and the data acquisition system is used to collect and analyze data in real time.

[0037] The fluid configuration system includes a mixing tank 1, a viscosity tester 2 and a sand feeder 16, the power system is a centrifugal pump 4, the metering system includes a flow meter assembly, a pressure sensor and an electronic scale 24, the measurement system includes a test pipeline 20, a test bench 13 and a hydraulic system 14, the test system uses a different diameter test pipeline 20 to achieve the sand carrying capacity of different diameter production oil pipes when different viscosity fluids pass through, the data acquisition system is a PC, one end of the mixing tank 1 is connected to the viscosity tester 2, the other end of the mixing tank 1 is connected to the circulation system, and the end of the viscosity tester 2 away from the mixing tank 1 is connected to the liquid storage Tank 3, one end of the liquid storage tank 3 away from the viscosity tester 2 is connected to the centrifugal pump 4, the one end of the centrifugal pump 4 away from the liquid storage tank 3 is connected to the flow meter assembly, the one end of the flow meter assembly away from the centrifugal pump 4 is connected to the liquid valve assembly, the one end of the liquid valve assembly away from the flow meter assembly is connected to the lower end of the test pipeline 20 through the liquid inlet pipe 11, the lower end of the test pipeline 20 is also provided with a sand feeder 16, the test pipeline 20 is also provided with a plurality of pressure sensors along the length direction, the upper end of the test pipeline 20 is connected to the electronic scale 24 through the liquid outlet pipe 23, the electronic scale 24 is used to measure the amount of sand carried by the fluid, and the one end of the electronic scale 24 away from the liquid outlet pipe 23 is connected to the circulation system.

[0038] The test pipeline 20 is connected to the test bench 13, which includes an integrally connected horizontal part and a vertical part and a slidably connected inclined part between the horizontal part and the vertical part. The test pipeline 20 is fixedly connected to the outside of the inclined part. The lower end of the inclined part is slidably connected to the horizontal part through a lower pulley 12, and the upper end of the inclined part is slidably connected to the vertical part through an upper pulley 21. The upper end of the vertical part is fixedly connected to a fixed pulley 22. A hydraulic system 14 is arranged on the lower wall inside the vertical part. The output end of the hydraulic system 14 is connected to a hydraulic transmission rope 15, and the hydraulic transmission rope 15 bypasses the fixed pulley 22 and is connected to the upper pulley 21. The hydraulic system 14 drives the upper pulley 21 to move up and down in the vertical direction by adjusting the length of the hydraulic transmission rope 15, thereby realizing that the angle of the test pipeline 20 can be adjusted from 0-90°.

[0039] The flow meter assembly includes a first volume flow meter 5, a second volume flow meter 6 and a third volume flow meter 7, the liquid valve assembly includes a first liquid valve 8, a second liquid valve 9 and a third liquid valve 10, the outlet of the centrifugal pump 4 is connected to three pipelines, namely the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline, the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline are arranged in parallel, the first volume flow meter 5 and the first liquid valve 8 are connected in series in sequence along the fluid flow direction on the first pipeline, the second volume flow meter 6 and the second liquid valve 9 are connected in series in sequence along the fluid flow direction on the second pipeline, and the third volume flow meter 7 and the third liquid valve 10 are connected in series in sequence along the fluid flow direction on the third pipeline. The volume flow meter of each pipeline has a different range, which can accurately adjust the liquid flow rate, expand the experimental measurement range, and ensure the measurement accuracy.

[0040] The circulation system includes a sedimentation tank 25 and a filter tank 27. The fluid flowing out of the electronic scale 24 enters the sedimentation tank 25. The fluid treated in the sedimentation tank 25 enters the filter tank 27 through the recovery pipeline 26. The circulation system separates the sand in the fluid flowing out after the test. The treated fluid flowing out of the filter tank 27 enters the mixing tank 1 for recycling.

[0041] The test pipeline 20 is composed of five transparent organic glass tubes that are detachably connected, and the length of the test pipeline 20 is set to 11m.

[0042] The pressure sensor is arranged outside the test pipeline 20 . Preferably, three pressure sensors are arranged, namely the first pressure sensor 17 , the second pressure sensor 18 and the third pressure sensor 19 . The first pressure sensor 17 , the second pressure sensor 18 and the third pressure sensor 19 can detect the pressure fluctuations at various positions of the test pipeline 20 .

[0043] The PC is respectively connected to the first volume flow meter 5, the second volume flow meter 6, the third volume flow meter 7, the first pressure sensor 17, the second pressure sensor 18 and the third pressure sensor 19, so that data can be directly collected and analyzed by the PC.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the stirring tank 1 includes a tank body 101, a driving motor 102, a stirring rod 103 and blades 104. The driving motor 102 is arranged at the upper end of the tank body 101. The stirring rod 103 is rotatably connected inside the tank body 101. The driving motor 102 drives the stirring rod 103 to rotate. A plurality of first blades 104 are arranged on the outer wall of the stirring rod 103.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the sand feeder 16 includes a variable frequency motor 164, a stirring chamber 163, a turbine 161 and a second blade 162. The turbine 161 is located inside the stirring chamber 163, and the variable frequency motor 164 is located outside the stirring chamber 163. The variable frequency motor 164 drives the turbine 161 to rotate, and a plurality of second blades 162 are arranged on the outer wall of the turbine 161. The sand feeder 16 is arranged at the bottom of the test pipeline 20, and the sand feeder 16 is arranged vertically with the test pipeline 20, so that real-time sand injection and sand settling can be realized, and the real-time sand production and gravel settling of the wellbore can be simulated. The sand feeding method adopts turbine sand feeding, and the turbine sand feeding speed is controlled by controlling the speed of the variable frequency motor. After the proppant entering the test pipeline 20 is initially mixed with the liquid phase, it is further mixed evenly under the stirring of the turbine blades in the stirring chamber. A portion of sand can also be placed in the pipeline in advance to simulate that the sand has been deposited in the pipeline.

[0046] The working principle of the device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities provided by the present invention is as follows: before the experiment begins, the stirring tank 1 and the viscosity tester 2 are opened, a set viscosity liquid phase is configured, and the configured liquid phase is stored in the liquid storage tank 3, and the angle of the test pipeline 20 is adjusted through the hydraulic system 14, the hydraulic transmission rope 15, the upper pulley 21 and the lower pulley 12 to perform a sand carrying capacity test experiment simulation of fluids with different viscosities at set angles. During the experiment, the centrifugal pump 4 is turned on to let the fluid in the liquid storage tank 3 enter the test pipeline 20 through the liquid inlet pipe 11. The fluid flow rate can be controlled by the liquid valve assembly (the first liquid phase valve, the second liquid phase valve, and the third liquid phase valve), and measured by the flow meter assembly (the first volume flow meter 5, the second volume flow meter 6, and the third volume flow meter 7). Then, the liquid valve assembly (the first liquid phase valve, the second liquid phase valve, and the third liquid phase valve) is used to reduce or increase the liquid valve to the set liquid volume. After the liquid phase is stable, the sand feeder 16 is opened to continuously and evenly feed sand (the sand feeder 16 can also be used to enter the set sand volume in advance to simulate the sand settling experiment). The sand particle migration state is observed through the test pipeline 20 to determine whether the sand carrying flow rate is reached. The fluid flowing out of the test pipeline is weighed by the electronic scale 24 and then enters the sedimentation tank 25. After the sand particles and the liquid phase are initially separated, it flows through the filter tank 27. The filtered fluid flows into the mixing tank 1 and is reused. During the experiment, the liquid volume is measured by the flow meter assembly (first volume flow meter 5, second volume flow meter 6, third volume flow meter 7), the pressure of the test pipeline is measured by the first pressure sensor 17, the second pressure sensor 18, and the third pressure sensor 19, and the experimental data is directly collected and analyzed by a PC.

[0047] By changing the inclination angle of the test bench, the sand carrying capacity test of the fluid at different well inclination angles can be carried out. By changing the viscosity of the fluid in the mixing tank 1, the sand carrying capacity test of fluids with different viscosities can be carried out.

[0048] If the experiment of testing fluids with different viscosities is to be conducted, the fluid in the liquid storage tank 3 needs to be drained and cleaned before the experiment is conducted. The experimental steps are the same as above.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities, characterized in that: Including fluid configuration system, power system, metering system, measurement system and data acquisition system; The fluid configuration system is used to configure fluids of different viscosities and to feed sand into the measurement system in a certain proportion; The power system is used to provide power for the experiment; The metering system is used to measure the fluid flow, pipe section pressure and sand carrying capacity during the experiment; The measuring system is used to simulate the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities; The data acquisition system is used for real-time data acquisition and analysis.

2. The device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid configuration system includes a stirring tank, a viscosity tester and a sand feeder. The stirring tank is connected to the viscosity tester, one end of the stirring tank away from the viscosity tester is connected to the measurement system, one end of the viscosity tester away from the stirring tank is connected to the power system, and the sand feeder is connected to the measurement system.

3. The sand carrying capacity measuring device for fluids of different viscosities according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metering system includes a flow meter assembly, multiple pressure sensors and an electronic scale. One end of the flow meter assembly is connected to the power system, and the other end of the flow meter assembly is connected to the inlet of the measuring system. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of the measuring system. One end of the electronic scale is connected to the outlet of the measuring system, and the other end of the electronic scale is connected to a circulation system. The circulation system is located between the electronic scale and the stirring tank.

4. The device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circulation system comprises a sedimentation tank and a filter tank, one end of the sedimentation tank is connected to the filter tank, the other end of the sedimentation tank is connected to the electronic scale, and one end of the filter tank away from the sedimentation tank is connected to the stirring tank.

5. The device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power system outlet is connected to three pipelines, namely the first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline. The first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline are arranged in parallel. The flow meter assembly includes a first volume flow meter, a second volume flow meter, and a third volume flow meter. The first volume flow meter is connected in series to the first pipeline, the second volume flow meter is connected in series to the second pipeline, and the third volume flow meter is connected in series to the third pipeline.

6. The device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first liquid valve is also connected in series to the first pipeline, and the first liquid valve is located at the fluid outflow end of the first pipeline. A second liquid valve is also connected in series to the second pipeline, and the second liquid valve is located at the fluid outflow end of the second pipeline. A third liquid valve is also connected in series to the third pipeline, and the third liquid valve is located at the fluid outflow end of the third pipeline.

7. The device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities according to claim 3, characterized in that: The measuring system includes a test pipeline, a test bench and a hydraulic system. The test pipeline is connected to the test bench. The hydraulic system is located on the test bench. The hydraulic system controls the inclination angle of the test pipeline. The test pipeline is made of a transparent organic glass tube. A plurality of pressure sensors are arranged outside the test pipeline.

8. The device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities according to claim 7, characterized in that: The test bench includes a horizontal part and a vertical part connected as an integral part, and an inclined part slidingly connected between the horizontal part and the vertical part, the test pipeline is fixedly connected to the inclined part, the lower end of the inclined part is connected to the horizontal part through a lower pulley, the upper end of the inclined part is connected to the vertical part through an upper pulley, a fixed pulley is provided at the upper end of the vertical part, the hydraulic system is arranged on the lower wall inside the vertical part, the output end of the hydraulic system is connected to a hydraulic transmission rope, and the hydraulic transmission rope passes around the fixed pulley and is connected to the upper pulley.

9. The device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power system adopts a centrifugal pump.

10. The device for measuring the sand carrying capacity of fluids with different viscosities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition system adopts a PC, and the PC is connected to the metering system.

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