Device for eliminating shielding effect of low-frequency electric field and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for eliminating the shielding effect of a low-frequency electric field and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of quantum measurement. The device for eliminating the shielding effect of the low-frequency electric field comprises a detection laser, a motor, a mounting shell, a coupling laser, a photoelectric detector and an oscilloscope; the mounting shell is used for mounting the atomic steam chamber; the detection laser emits laser into the atomic vapor chamber; the motor drives the mounting shell and the atomic steam chamber in the mounting shell to rotate; the coupling laser emits laser into the atomic vapor chamber; the photoelectric detector is used for receiving a light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber and transmitting the signal to the oscilloscope, and the oscilloscope analyzes the light intensity signal and obtains an experimental result; by controlling the motor to rotate the atom steam chamber, the phenomenon of metal atom adsorption on the surface of the atom steam chamber is avoided, the shielding effect of the atom steam chamber on a low-frequency electric field is reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of a low-frequency electric field measurement result are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of quantum measurement, and in particular relates to a device for eliminating the shielding effect of a low-frequency electric field and a method of using the device. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are mainly electrical and optical methods for electric field measurement. However, metal sensors based on electrical principles will cause distortion of the electric field to be measured, and the measurement accuracy is limited; optical measurement is greatly affected by the environment and has high uncertainty. In order to break through the limitations of traditional electric field measurement methods in terms of measurement accuracy and sensitivity, and to achieve short-chain traceability, it is necessary to explore the physical mechanism of the interaction between field and matter and adopt new electric field sensing and measurement methods. Quantum measurement, which has been developed in recent years, has significant advantages such as high precision and self-calibration, and is expected to become a new direction for the development of electrical technology.

[0003] From the current literature search, electric field quantum measurement is generally based on Rydberg atoms. Rydberg atoms are a general term for highly excited atoms with a high principal quantum number n for the outermost electrons. Rydberg atoms have a series of unique properties: large atomic scale (∝n2), weak atomic binding force (∝n-2), and are easily affected by external electric fields; long lifetime (∝n4.5), large polarizability (∝n7) and electric dipole moment (∝n2), even if a weak electric field is applied, it will cause a wide energy level splitting, which is easy to measure. In particular, with the development of laser spectroscopy and the application of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect, the technical indicators of electric field measurement based on Rydberg atoms have been greatly promoted.

[0004] At present, quantum measurement based on Rydberg atoms has been widely studied in the fields of deep space and deep sea exploration, electronic information security, biological detection, mineral resource exploration, etc., and its measurement accuracy, sensitivity and stability have been highly recognized, but research in the field of electrical engineering is still in its infancy. At present, there are few studies on quantum measurement in the frequency band below 100 MHz and high field strength. The quantum effects of the interaction between atoms and external fields, the selection of quantum states, and the presentation of laser spectrum characteristics are all significantly different from previous microwave weak field measurements.

[0005] When alkali metal atoms are adsorbed on the surface of the atomic vapor cell, an electric field in the opposite direction to the external electric field is generated. This reverse electric field will offset the effect of the external electric field to be measured, resulting in the phenomenon of electric field shielding. This electric field shielding phenomenon is particularly evident in electric field measurements in the frequency band below 100 MHz, because it can significantly affect the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a device for eliminating the shielding effect of low-frequency electric fields and a method of using the device, thereby solving the problem of shielding of low-frequency electric fields in quantum measurement methods based on Rydberg atoms.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] Provided is a device for eliminating the shielding effect of a low-frequency electric field, comprising a detection laser, a motor, a mounting shell, a coupling laser, a photodetector and an oscilloscope; the mounting shell is used for mounting an atomic vapor chamber; the detection laser is arranged at one side of the atomic vapor chamber and emits laser into the atomic vapor chamber through an optical fiber; the motor is used for driving the mounting shell and the atomic vapor chamber inside it to rotate; the coupling laser is arranged at the other side of the atomic vapor chamber and emits laser into the atomic vapor chamber through an optical fiber; the photodetector is used for receiving a light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber and transmitting the signal to the oscilloscope, and the oscilloscope analyzes the light intensity signal and obtains an experimental result.

[0009] Furthermore, the detection laser emits laser light with a wavelength of 852 nm.

[0010] Furthermore, the coupling laser emits laser light with a wavelength of 509 nm.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting shell is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a rotating shaft is arranged at the center position of the end faces of both ends of the mounting shell, and a driven wheel is arranged on each rotating shaft; a driving wheel is arranged on the output shaft of the motor, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are driven by a belt or chain.

[0012] Furthermore, a light rotating joint is provided at the center position of the inner wall on both sides of the installation shell, the detection laser is connected to one of the light rotating joints through optical fiber, and the coupling laser and the photodetector are connected to the other light rotating joint through optical fiber.

[0013] Furthermore, the photodetector is provided with a signal receiving amplifying circuit and an extended Kalman filter which are electrically connected to each other; the signal input end of the signal receiving amplifying circuit is electrically connected to the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber, the signal output end of the signal receiving amplifying circuit is electrically connected to the signal input end of the extended Kalman filter, and the signal output end of the extended Kalman filter is electrically connected to the signal input end of the oscilloscope.

[0014] Furthermore, the motor is provided with a control system and a speed tracker for controlling its rotation speed and acquiring its rotation speed in real time.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for using a device for eliminating the shielding effect of a low-frequency electric field, comprising:

[0016] Step 1, assembling the device: fixing the atomic vapor chamber in the mounting housing, placing the detection laser and the coupling laser at the two ends of the atomic vapor chamber respectively, and connecting the laser emission ends of the detection laser and the coupling laser to the atomic vapor chamber using optical fibers; connecting the signal input end of the photodetector to the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber using optical fibers, and connecting the signal output end of the photodetector to the oscilloscope using optical fibers;

[0017] Step 2, measuring the electric field: starting the detection laser, the motor, the coupling laser, the photodetector and the oscilloscope; the detection laser and the coupling laser both emit lasers of a specific wavelength into the atomic vapor chamber through optical fibers; the motor drives the atomic vapor chamber to rotate at a constant speed;

[0018] Step 3, obtaining electric field measurement results: the photodetector receives the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber and transmits the signal to the oscilloscope, which analyzes the light intensity signal and obtains the experimental results.

[0019] Further, in step 2, the method in which the motor drives the atomic vapor chamber to rotate at a constant speed includes:

[0020] Step 2.1, setting the constant rotation speed value V of the atomic vapor chamber;

[0021] Step 2.2, obtaining the actual speed value V1 of the motor in real time;

[0022] Step 2.3, calculate whether the constant rotation speed value V of the atomic vapor chamber is the same as the actual rotation speed value V1 of the motor. If so, do not control the motor; otherwise, change the input voltage of the motor and return to step 2.2 until the constant rotation speed value V of the atomic vapor chamber is the same as the actual rotation speed value V1 of the motor, and then end the control of the motor.

[0023] The basic principle of the device for eliminating the shielding effect of low-frequency electric field and the method for using the device in the present invention is that in a low-frequency electric field, the accumulated charges on the inner surface of the atomic vapor chamber can adjust their positions in time to shield the electric field. However, when the atomic vapor chamber moves at high speed, the speed of adjusting the position of the accumulated charges may not keep up with the speed of the electric field change, eliminating the electric field shielding phenomenon. Therefore, in the present invention, by setting a motor and installing a housing, the atomic vapor chamber moves at high speed when measuring the low-frequency electric field, avoiding the adsorption of alkali metal atoms on the surface of the atomic vapor chamber to generate an electric field in the opposite direction of the external electric field, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of the atomic vapor chamber in measuring the low-frequency electric field, and solve the problem of shielding the low-frequency electric field in the quantum measurement method based on Rydberg atoms.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. A device for eliminating the shielding effect of low-frequency electric fields and a method of using the device in this scheme control the motor to rotate the atomic vapor chamber to avoid the adsorption of metal atoms on the surface of the atomic vapor chamber, reduce the shielding effect of the atomic vapor chamber on the low-frequency electric field, and significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of the low-frequency electric field measurement results.

[0026] 2. A device for eliminating the shielding effect of a low-frequency electric field and a method of using the device in this scheme realize accurate measurement of optical signals by setting up a photodetector and an oscilloscope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for eliminating the shielding effect of low-frequency electric fields.

[0028] Among them, 1. detection laser; 2. motor; 3. mounting shell; 4. coupling laser; 5. photodetector; 6. oscilloscope; 7. rotating shaft; 8. driven wheel; 9. driving wheel; 10. atomic vapor chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a device for eliminating the shielding effect of low-frequency electric field, which includes a detection laser 1, a motor 2, a mounting shell 3, a coupling laser 4, a photodetector 5 and an oscilloscope 6; the mounting shell 3 is used to mount the atomic vapor chamber 10; the detection laser 1 is arranged on one side of the atomic vapor chamber 10 and emits laser into the atomic vapor chamber 10 through an optical fiber; the motor 2 is used to drive the mounting shell 3 and the atomic vapor chamber 10 inside it to rotate; the coupling laser 4 is arranged on the other side of the atomic vapor chamber 10 and emits laser into the atomic vapor chamber 10 through an optical fiber; the photodetector 5 is used to receive the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber 10 and transmit the signal to the oscilloscope 6, and the oscilloscope 6 analyzes the light intensity signal and obtains the experimental results. By controlling the motor 2 to rotate the atomic vapor chamber 10, the phenomenon of metal atom adsorption on the surface of the atomic vapor chamber 10 is avoided, the shielding effect of the atomic vapor chamber 10 on the low-frequency electric field is reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of the low-frequency electric field measurement results are significantly improved.

[0031] Specifically, the detection laser 1 emits a laser with a wavelength of 852 nm, and the coupling laser 4 emits a laser with a wavelength of 509 nm.

[0032] In this embodiment, the mounting shell 3 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a rotating shaft 7 is arranged at the center position of the end faces of both ends of the mounting shell 3, and a driven wheel 8 is arranged on each rotating shaft 7; a driving wheel 9 is arranged on the output shaft of the motor 2, and the driving wheel 9 and the driven wheel 8 are driven by a belt or chain.

[0033] A light rotating joint is provided at the center position of the inner wall on both sides of the mounting shell 3. The detection laser 1 is connected to one of the light rotating joints through optical fiber, and the coupling laser 4 and the photodetector 5 are connected to the other light rotating joint through optical fiber.

[0034] The photodetector 5 is provided with a signal receiving amplifier circuit and an extended Kalman filter which are electrically connected to each other; the signal input end of the signal receiving amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber 10, the signal output end of the signal receiving amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the signal input end of the extended Kalman filter, and the signal output end of the extended Kalman filter is electrically connected to the signal input end of the oscilloscope 6. The light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber 10 is first converted into a voltage signal after being amplified by the signal receiving amplifier circuit, and then the voltage signal is transmitted to the oscilloscope 6 by filtering out white noise using the extended Kalman filter, and the oscilloscope 6 analyzes the light intensity signal and obtains the experimental results, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of the optical signal and improving the accuracy and reliability of the atomic vapor chamber 10 in measuring the low-frequency electric field.

[0035] The motor 2 is provided with a control system and a speed tracker for controlling its rotation speed and obtaining its rotation speed in real time, so that the motor 2 drives the atomic vapor chamber 10 to rotate at a constant speed.

[0036] The present invention also provides a method for using a device for eliminating the shielding effect of a low-frequency electric field, comprising:

[0037] Step 1, assembling the device: fixing the atomic vapor chamber in the mounting housing 3, placing the detection laser 1 and the coupling laser 4 at the two ends of the atomic vapor chamber respectively, and connecting the laser emission ends of the detection laser 1 and the coupling laser 4 to the atomic vapor chamber by using optical fibers; connecting the signal input end of the photodetector 5 to the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber 10 by using optical fibers, and connecting the signal output end of the photodetector 5 to the oscilloscope 6 by using optical fibers;

[0038] Step 2, measuring the electric field: starting the detection laser 1, the motor 2, the coupling laser 4, the photodetector 5 and the oscilloscope 6; the detection laser 1 and the coupling laser 4 both emit lasers of a specific wavelength into the atomic vapor chamber 10 through optical fibers; the motor 2 drives the atomic vapor chamber 10 to rotate at a constant speed;

[0039] Step 3, obtaining electric field measurement results: the photodetector 5 receives the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber 10 and transmits the signal to the oscilloscope 6, which analyzes the light intensity signal and obtains the experimental results.

[0040] Further, in step 2, the method in which the motor 2 drives the atomic vapor chamber 10 to rotate at a constant speed includes:

[0041] Step 2.1, setting a constant rotation speed value V of the atomic vapor chamber 10;

[0042] Step 2.2, obtaining the actual speed value V1 of the motor 2 in real time;

[0043] Step 2.3, calculate whether the constant rotation speed value V of the atomic vapor chamber 10 is the same as the actual rotation speed value V1 of the motor 2. If so, do not control the motor 2; otherwise, change the input voltage of the motor 2 and return to step 2.2 until the constant rotation speed value V of the atomic vapor chamber 10 is the same as the actual rotation speed value V1 of the motor 2, and then end the control of the motor 2.

[0044] In a low-frequency electric field, the accumulated charges on the inner surface of the atomic vapor chamber 10 can adjust their positions in time to shield the electric field. However, when the atomic vapor chamber 10 moves at high speed, the speed at which the accumulated charges adjust their positions may not keep up with the speed at which the electric field changes, eliminating the electric field shielding phenomenon. Therefore, in the present invention, by providing a motor 2 and a mounting housing 3, the atomic vapor chamber 10 moves at high speed when measuring the low-frequency electric field, thereby avoiding the adsorption of alkali metal atoms on the surface of the atomic vapor chamber 10 to generate an electric field in the opposite direction to the external electric field, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the atomic vapor chamber 10 in measuring the low-frequency electric field, and solving the problem of shielding the low-frequency electric field in the quantum measurement method based on Rydberg atoms.

Claims

1. A device for eliminating the shielding effect of low-frequency electric fields, characterized in that: It includes a detection laser, a motor, a mounting shell, a coupling laser, a photodetector and an oscilloscope; the mounting shell is used to mount an atomic vapor chamber; the detection laser is arranged at one side of the atomic vapor chamber and emits laser into the atomic vapor chamber through an optical fiber; the motor is used to drive the mounting shell and the atomic vapor chamber inside it to rotate; the coupling laser is arranged at the other side of the atomic vapor chamber and emits laser into the atomic vapor chamber through an optical fiber; the photodetector is used to receive a light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber and transmit the signal to the oscilloscope, and the oscilloscope analyzes the light intensity signal and obtains experimental results.

2. The device for eliminating the shielding effect of the atomic vapor chamber on the low-frequency electric field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection laser emits laser light with a wavelength of 852 nm.

3. The device for eliminating the shielding effect of the atomic vapor chamber on the low-frequency electric field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling laser emits laser light with a wavelength of 509 nm.

4. The device for eliminating the shielding effect of the atomic vapor chamber on the low-frequency electric field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation shell is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a rotating shaft is arranged at the center position of the end faces of both ends of the installation shell, and a driven wheel is arranged on each rotating shaft; a driving wheel is arranged on the output shaft of the motor, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are driven by a belt or chain.

5. The device for eliminating the shielding effect of the atomic vapor chamber on the low-frequency electric field according to claim 4, characterized in that: A light rotating joint is arranged at the center position of the inner walls on both sides of the installation shell. The detection laser is connected to one of the light rotating joints through optical fiber, and the coupling laser and the photoelectric detector are connected to the other light rotating joint through optical fiber.

6. The device for eliminating the shielding effect of the atomic vapor chamber on the low-frequency electric field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photodetector is provided with a signal receiving amplifying circuit and an extended Kalman filter which are electrically connected to each other; the signal input end of the signal receiving amplifying circuit is electrically connected to the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber, the signal output end of the signal receiving amplifying circuit is electrically connected to the signal input end of the extended Kalman filter, and the signal output end of the extended Kalman filter is electrically connected to the signal input end of the oscilloscope.

7. The device for eliminating the shielding effect of the atomic vapor chamber on the low-frequency electric field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor is provided with a control system and a speed tracker for controlling the rotation speed and acquiring the rotation speed in real time.

8. A method for using the device for eliminating the shielding effect of low-frequency electric fields according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Step 1, assembling the device: fixing the atomic vapor chamber in the mounting housing, placing the detection laser and the coupling laser at the two ends of the atomic vapor chamber respectively, and connecting the laser emission ends of the detection laser and the coupling laser to the atomic vapor chamber using optical fibers; connecting the signal input end of the photodetector to the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber using optical fibers, and connecting the signal output end of the photodetector to the oscilloscope using optical fibers; Step 2, measuring the electric field: starting the detection laser, the motor, the coupling laser, the photodetector and the oscilloscope; the detection laser and the coupling laser both emit lasers of a specific wavelength into the atomic vapor chamber through optical fibers; the motor drives the atomic vapor chamber to rotate at a constant speed; Step 3, obtaining electric field measurement results: the photodetector receives the light intensity signal output by the atomic vapor chamber and transmits the signal to the oscilloscope, which analyzes the light intensity signal and obtains the experimental results.

9. The method for using the device for eliminating the shielding effect of low-frequency electric fields according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 2, the method of driving the atomic vapor chamber to rotate at a constant speed by the motor includes: Step 2.1, setting the constant rotation speed value V of the atomic vapor chamber; Step 2.2, obtaining the actual speed value V1 of the motor in real time; Step 2.3, calculate whether the constant rotation speed value V of the atomic vapor chamber is the same as the actual rotation speed value V1 of the motor. If so, do not control the motor; otherwise, change the input voltage of the motor and return to step 2.2 until the constant rotation speed value V of the atomic vapor chamber is the same as the actual rotation speed value V1 of the motor, and then end the control of the motor.

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