Titanium molten salt electrolysis device design method based on numerical simulation guidance

Abstract

The invention provides a titanium molten salt electrolysis device design method based on numerical simulation guidance, and relates to the technical field of molten salt electrolysis device structure design. Aiming at the problems of unreasonable structural design, high energy consumption, low space utilization rate and the like of a kiloampere-level and above electrolysis device in the industrial process of preparing titanium metal through melting electrolysis, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, obtaining key electrolysis parameters through basic experiment research, and then applying the key electrolysis parameters to a numerical simulation model; modeling and multi-physics field coupling are carried out based on commercial simulation software, thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell is simulated, and then the structural design and spatial layout of the electrolytic cell are optimized, so that self-heating design of efficient space utilization and efficient energy utilization of the electrolytic cell at the kiloampere level and above is achieved. The method is simple and easy to operate, environmentally friendly, high in economic applicability, low in cost, high in efficiency and beneficial to industrial large-scale production and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of structural design of molten salt electrolysis devices, and in particular to a design method of a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance. Background Art

[0002] Titanium metal is widely used in aerospace, shipbuilding, medical equipment and other fields due to its excellent properties. The preparation of titanium by molten salt electrolysis has the advantages of continuous production, low environmental pollution and low cost, so it has broad development space. However, the design and optimization of titanium electrolysis equipment is still one of the key factors restricting its industrial application.

[0003] In the existing technology, industrial titanium electrolytic cells of 1,000A and above are still designed based on experience, lacking a systematic and scientific quantitative analysis and optimization design method. In addition, most titanium electrolytic cells rely on external resistance wires as heat sources. This heating method can cause local overheating due to uneven heat conduction, thus affecting the stability of the electrolysis process and the quality of the electrolysis products. At the same time, the structural design of titanium electrolytic cells often fails to fully consider the interactions and influences between various physical fields, resulting in an unreasonable overall structural design, high energy consumption, and low space utilization, which in turn limits the further improvement of production efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to conduct a detailed analysis of the electrolysis parameters and electrothermal coupling mechanism of the titanium electrolytic cell, master its internal laws, and provide a theoretical basis and data support for the design of large-scale electrolytic cells. In addition, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the distribution characteristics and mutual influence of various physical fields in the electrolysis process in large-scale electrolytic cells, and then optimize the design strategy (including the geometry of the electrolytic cell, electrode layout, cooling system, thermal insulation layer, etc.) to achieve the optimization of the structure and maximize the use of space, so that the titanium electrolytic cell can achieve high efficiency, high return, and low-cost stable operation.

[0005] Chinese patent CN116695185A discloses a simulation test device for process parameters of metal lithium molten salt electrolysis, which can adjust parameters such as electrode structure, material, insulation material, electrolysis current and voltage through a detachable device to obtain the best conditions; it is obvious that it cannot fully consider the interaction and influence between various physical fields, nor does it comprehensively analyze the distribution characteristics and mutual influence of various physical fields in the electrolysis process in large electrolytic cells. The parameter adjustment is directly obtained through experiments, and the optimal conditions are actually not optimal; it also does not consider the coordinated utilization of structural optimization and maximum space.

[0006] Chinese patent CN114970320A discloses a method and system for dynamically monitoring the temperature field of an aluminum electrolytic cell. The method uses numerical simulation technology to construct a thermal field simulation model of an aluminum electrolytic cell. Through the thermal field simulation model of the aluminum electrolytic cell, the temperature field inside the aluminum electrolytic cell is reversely calculated to obtain the temperature field of each part of the electrolytic cell and the state of the cell wall, and to determine the thermal equilibrium state of the electrolytic cell. Obviously, the interaction and influence between the physical fields are not considered in a coordinated manner, and only the influence of the temperature field is considered, and the utilization of the structure and space is also low. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art of the interaction and influence between various physical fields in the design of molten salt electrolysis devices, the distribution characteristics and mutual influence of various physical fields in the electrolysis process, the unreasonable structural design of electrolysis devices at the kiloampere level and above, the high energy consumption, the low space utilization rate, and the relationship between the optimal electrolysis process parameter selection; therefore, the present invention proposes a method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance that can synergistically improve the optimization of the structure, the maximization of the space, and the optimization of the electrolysis parameters. The technical solution is as follows:

[0008] A method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, the method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Obtaining the best electrolysis parameters: multiple groups of different electrolysis parameters are used for titanium electrolysis refining in a molten salt electrolyte, and a set of the best electrolysis parameters is selected;

[0010] S2. Model construction and physical property parameter setting: Based on commercial simulation software, the initial structural model of titanium electrolytic cells of kiloampere level and above is constructed and relevant physical property parameters are set;

[0011] S3, multi-physics field coupling setting and self-heating: Based on commercial simulation software, electric field, concentration field, thermal field and other multi-physics fields are set, and multi-physics field coupling is performed; no resistance wire is set for external heating, and only Joule heat and reaction heat are used for self-heating. After the setting is completed, simulation is performed to obtain the simulation results;

[0012] S4. Simulation analysis: Regulate the distance between the anode and cathode, the flow rate of water cooling, the size of each structure of the titanium electrolytic cell and other physical parameters to simulate, analyze the influence of different parameters on the thermal field of the electrolytic cell, and obtain the simulation analysis results;

[0013] S5. Obtaining the efficient self-heating design of the titanium electrolytic cell: Based on the simulation analysis results, the optimal design scheme of the titanium electrolytic cell that can achieve the efficient self-heating design of the titanium electrolytic cell is selected.

[0014] Optionally, the cathode in S1 is a metal such as titanium, nickel, iron or tungsten, the anode is sponge titanium or waste titanium, the molten salt electrolyte is a halide molten salt, and the cathode and anode current density is 0.005-1A / cm 2 .

[0015] Optionally, the electrolysis parameters in S1 include anode and cathode current density, electrolysis operating temperature or anode and cathode inter-electrode distance.

[0016] Optionally, the cathode and anode current densities and electrolyte concentrations in S2 adopt the optimal electrolysis parameters obtained in S1.

[0017] Optionally, commercial simulation software is used in S2 to model the cathode and anode, electrolyte, argon layer, crucible, asbestos insulation layer, stainless steel shell, cooling system and other structures, and set corresponding physical property parameters.

[0018] Optionally, the design of the anode and cathode in S2 is determined by the optimal anode and cathode current density and current obtained from experiments.

[0019] Optionally, S3 simulates the electric field and thermal field separately and performs electrothermal coupling; wherein, the thermal field uses the Joule heat of the molten salt electrolyte and the heat of the electrochemical reaction as heat sources, and no resistance wire is set for external heating; considering the heat conduction and convection heat transfer in the titanium electrolytic cell, the thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell is simulated.

[0020] Optionally, the simulation analysis results synthesized in S5 are specifically a comprehensive analysis of the impact of different variables on the thermal field and electric field distribution of the electrolytic cell, and the self-heating electrolytic cell design scheme that is most conducive to efficient space utilization and energy utilization is selected based on the fact that the surface and internal temperature of the molten salt is higher than the melting point of the electrolyte, the external temperature of the electrolytic cell is at room temperature for easy operation, and other electrolysis technical requirements.

[0021] Optionally, the energy consumption of the titanium molten salt electrolysis device design method based on numerical simulation guidance is 8000-18000kW·h / t, and the space utilization rate is 40-80%. Compared with traditional titanium molten salt electrolysis devices, the energy consumption is reduced by 20-60% and the space utilization rate is increased by 10-50%.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The above scheme, the present invention proposes a design method for a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art of the design of molten salt electrolysis devices, the interaction and influence between various physical fields, the distribution characteristics and mutual influence of various physical fields in the electrolysis process, the unreasonable structural design of electrolysis devices of kiloamperes and above, the high energy consumption, the low space utilization rate and the acquisition of the relationship between the optimal electrolysis process parameters.

[0024] The present invention can efficiently utilize energy and space, reduce production costs and improve economic benefits by optimizing the design of titanium electrolytic cells of kiloampere level and above.

[0025] The present invention can systematically and scientifically quantitatively analyze and optimize the design scheme by using the initial structural model of the titanium electrolytic cell and setting relevant physical property parameters, multi-physical field coupling settings and self-heating, simulation analysis and selection of the optimal electrolytic cell design scheme, thereby avoiding wasting time and energy.

[0026] The present invention proposes an efficient method for optimizing the structure of an electrolytic cell by combining basic experimental research and numerical simulation. This idea also provides a scientific reference for the design of other electrolytic cells.

[0027] In summary, compared with other traditional methods, the method of the present invention obtains the optimal electrolytic cell design scheme through multi-physical field coupling setting, self-heating and simulation analysis, so as to realize the self-heating design with efficient space utilization and energy utilization of electrolytic cells of kiloampere level and above; the method is simple and easy to operate, green and environmentally friendly, highly economical, low-cost and high-efficiency, and is conducive to large-scale industrial production and promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the model construction process of a method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present invention, "image" and "picture" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the distinction between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are consistent.

[0033] In the embodiments of the present invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written as a non-subscript such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are the same.

[0034] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] A method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, the method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1. Obtaining the best electrolysis parameters: multiple groups of different electrolysis parameters are used for titanium electrolysis refining in a molten salt electrolyte, and a set of the best electrolysis parameters is selected;

[0037] S2. Model construction and physical property parameter setting: Based on commercial simulation software, the initial structural model of titanium electrolytic cells of kiloampere level and above is constructed and relevant physical property parameters are set;

[0038] S3, multi-physics field coupling setting and self-heating: Based on commercial simulation software, electric field, concentration field, thermal field and other multi-physics fields are set, and multi-physics field coupling is performed; no resistance wire is set for external heating, and only Joule heat and reaction heat are used for self-heating. After the setting is completed, simulation is performed to obtain the simulation results;

[0039] S4. Simulation analysis: Regulate the distance between the anode and cathode, the flow rate of water cooling, the size of each structure of the titanium electrolytic cell and other physical parameters to simulate, analyze the influence of different parameters on the thermal field of the electrolytic cell, and obtain the simulation analysis results;

[0040] S5. Obtaining the efficient self-heating design of the titanium electrolytic cell: Based on the simulation analysis results, the optimal design scheme of the titanium electrolytic cell that can achieve the efficient self-heating design of the titanium electrolytic cell is selected.

[0041] In particular, the cathode in S1 is a metal such as titanium, nickel, iron or tungsten, the anode is sponge titanium or waste titanium, the molten salt electrolyte is a halide molten salt, and the cathode and anode current density is 0.005-1A / cm 2 .

[0042] In particular, the electrolysis parameters in S1 include anode and cathode current density, electrolysis operating temperature or anode and cathode inter-electrode distance.

[0043] In particular, the anode and cathode current densities and electrolyte concentrations in S2 adopt the optimal electrolysis parameters obtained in S1.

[0044] In particular, commercial simulation software was used to build the model in S2, draw the anode and cathode, electrolyte, argon layer, crucible, asbestos insulation layer, stainless steel shell, cooling system and other structures, and set the corresponding physical property parameters.

[0045] In particular, the design of the anode and cathode in S2 is determined by the optimal anode and cathode current density and current obtained from experiments.

[0046] In particular, S3 simulates the electric field and thermal field separately and performs electrothermal coupling. The thermal field uses the Joule heat of the molten salt electrolyte and the heat of the electrochemical reaction as heat sources, and no resistance wire is set for external heating. The thermal conduction and convection heat transfer in the titanium electrolytic cell are considered to simulate the thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell.

[0047] In particular, the simulation analysis results obtained in S5 are specifically a comprehensive analysis of the impact of different variables on the thermal field and electric field distribution of the electrolytic cell, and the self-heating electrolytic cell design scheme that is most conducive to efficient space utilization and energy utilization is selected based on the fact that the surface and internal temperature of the molten salt is higher than the melting point of the electrolyte, the external temperature of the electrolytic cell is at room temperature for easy operation, and other electrolysis technical requirements.

[0048] In particular, the energy consumption of the titanium molten salt electrolysis device design method based on numerical simulation guidance is 8000-18000kW·h / t, and the space utilization rate is 40-80%. Compared with traditional titanium molten salt electrolysis devices, the energy consumption is reduced by 20-60% and the space utilization rate is increased by 10-50%.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, the method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance is combined with Figure 1 Follow these steps:

[0051] S1. Obtaining the best electrolysis parameters: In 150g of LiCl-NaCl-KCl eutectic salt containing titanium source as the supporting electrolyte, multiple groups were electrolytically refined titanium multiple times with different current densities; after each electrolysis, the anode and cathode were removed, and the cathode product was treated after cooling; a set of best electrolysis parameters was selected; wherein: the cathode was molybdenum sheet, the anode was sponge titanium, the electrolysis method was constant current electrolysis, and the temperature was 5℃·min -1 Slowly heat to 550℃ and keep warm for 3h;

[0052] S2. Model construction and physical property parameter setting: Based on the commercial simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics, draw the cathode and anode, electrolyte, argon layer, crucible, asbestos insulation layer, stainless steel shell, cooling system and other structures, and set the relevant physical property parameters; among them, the cathode and anode current density and electrolyte concentration adopt the optimal electrolysis parameters obtained in S1, and the design of the cathode and anode is jointly determined by the optimal cathode and anode current density and current intensity obtained by the experiment;

[0053] S3, Multi-physics field coupling setting and self-heating: Based on the commercial simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics, the electric field, concentration field, thermal field and other multi-physics fields are set, and multi-physics field coupling is performed; no resistance wire is set for external heating, and only Joule heat and reaction heat are used for self-heating. After the setting is completed, simulation is performed to obtain the simulation results; among them, heat conduction and convection heat transfer in the titanium electrolytic cell are considered to simulate the thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell; the tertiary current distribution module is used to simulate the electric field;

[0054] S4. Simulation analysis: Regulate the distance between the anode and cathode, the flow rate of water cooling, the size of each structure of the titanium electrolytic cell and other physical parameters to simulate, analyze the influence of different parameters on the thermal field of the electrolytic cell, and obtain the simulation analysis results;

[0055] S5. Efficient self-heating design of titanium electrolytic cell: Comprehensively analyze the influence of different variables on the thermal field and electric field distribution of the electrolytic cell. According to the conditions that the surface and internal temperature of the molten salt is higher than the melting point of the electrolyte, the external temperature of the electrolytic cell is at room temperature for easy operation and other electrolysis technical requirements, adjust the distance between the anode and cathode according to the simulation results and conduct multiple simulations to select the best design scheme of titanium electrolytic cell that is most conducive to efficient use of space and energy and can realize the efficient self-heating design of 1kA titanium electrolytic cell.

[0056] The energy consumption of the titanium electrolytic cell selected in this embodiment, which can realize the efficient self-heating design of 1kA titanium electrolytic cell, is 8000 / t, and the space utilization rate is 72%. Compared with the traditional titanium molten salt electrolysis device, the energy consumption is reduced by 60% and the space utilization rate is increased by 11%.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, the method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance comprises the following steps:

[0059] S1. Obtaining the best electrolysis parameters: using 100g of eutectic salt as the supporting electrolyte and 10g of K2TiF6 as the titanium source, multiple groups were subjected to multiple titanium electrolysis refining at different working temperatures; after each electrolysis, the anode and cathode were removed, and the cathode product was treated after cooling; a set of best electrolysis parameters was selected; wherein: the cathode was stainless steel, the anode was waste titanium material, the electrolysis method was constant current electrolysis, high-purity argon was introduced as the protective gas, the product was slowly heated to the working temperature and kept warm for 2h, and the cathode product was treated by ultrasonically cleaning the product with pure water for 30min and drying and characterizing it;

[0060] S2. Model construction and physical property parameter setting: Based on the commercial simulation software Fluent, draw the cathode and anode, electrolyte, argon layer, crucible, asbestos insulation layer, stainless steel shell, cooling system and other structures, and set the relevant physical property parameters; among them, the cathode and anode current density and electrolyte concentration adopt the optimal electrolysis parameters obtained in S1, and the design of the cathode and anode is jointly determined by the optimal cathode and anode current density and current obtained from the experiment;

[0061] S3, multi-physics field coupling setting and self-heating: Based on Fluent commercial simulation software, electric field, concentration field, thermal field and other multi-physics fields are set, and multi-physics field coupling is performed; no resistance wire is set for external heating, and only Joule heat and reaction heat are used for self-heating. After the setting is completed, simulation is performed to obtain simulation results; among them, heat conduction and convection heat transfer in the titanium electrolytic cell are considered to simulate the thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell;

[0062] S4. Simulation analysis: Regulate the distance between the anode and cathode, the flow rate of water cooling, the size of each structure of the titanium electrolytic cell and other physical parameters to simulate, analyze the influence of different parameters on the thermal field of the electrolytic cell, and obtain the simulation analysis results;

[0063] S5. Efficient self-heating design of titanium electrolytic cell: Comprehensively analyze the influence of different variables on the thermal field and electric field distribution of the electrolytic cell. According to the conditions that the surface and internal temperature of the molten salt is higher than the melting point of the electrolyte, the external temperature of the electrolytic cell is at room temperature for easy operation and other electrolysis technical requirements, adjust the distance between the anode and cathode according to the simulation results and conduct multiple simulations to select the best design scheme of titanium electrolytic cell that is most conducive to efficient use of space and energy and can realize efficient self-heating design of 5kA titanium electrolytic cell.

[0064] The energy consumption of the titanium electrolytic cell selected in this embodiment, which can realize the efficient self-heating design of the 1kA titanium electrolytic cell, is 10000kW·h / t, and the space utilization rate is 60%. Compared with the traditional titanium molten salt electrolysis device, the energy consumption is reduced by 50% and the space utilization rate is increased by 20%.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] A method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, the method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance comprises the following steps:

[0067] S1. Obtaining the best electrolysis parameters: using 200g of KF-KCl eutectic salt as the supporting electrolyte, 10g of titanium sponge and 20g of K2TiF6 as the titanium source, multiple groups of different cathode and anode inter-electrode distances were used for multiple titanium electrolysis refining; after each electrolysis, the cathode and anode were removed, and the cathode product was treated after cooling; a set of best electrolysis parameters was selected; wherein: the cathode was a nickel rod, the anode was a titanium sheet, and the electrolysis method was 0.5A / cm 2The current density was 5℃·min. -1 Slowly heat to 550°C and keep warm for 3 hours, treat the cathode product by washing the cathode with pure water, take the electrolysis product for XRD characterization, and obtain metallic titanium;

[0068] S2. Model construction and physical property parameter setting: Based on the commercial simulation software ANSYS, the cathode and anode, electrolyte, argon layer, crucible, asbestos insulation layer, stainless steel shell, cooling system and other structures are drawn, and the relevant physical property parameters are set; among them, the cathode and anode current density and electrolyte concentration adopt the optimal electrolysis parameters obtained in S1, and the design of the cathode and anode is jointly determined by the optimal cathode and anode current density and current obtained from the experiment;

[0069] S3. Multi-physics field coupling setting and self-heating: Based on the commercial simulation software of ANSYS, the electric field, concentration field, thermal field and other multi-physics fields are set, and multi-physics field coupling is performed; no resistance wire is set for external heating, and only Joule heat and reaction heat are used for self-heating. After the setting is completed, simulation is performed to obtain the simulation results; among them, heat conduction and convection heat transfer in the titanium electrolytic cell are considered to simulate the thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell;

[0070] S4. Simulation analysis: Regulate the distance between the anode and cathode, the flow rate of water cooling, the size of each structure of the titanium electrolytic cell and other physical parameters to simulate, analyze the influence of different parameters on the thermal field of the electrolytic cell, and obtain the simulation analysis results;

[0071] S5. Efficient self-heating design of titanium electrolytic cell: Comprehensively analyze the influence of different variables on the thermal field and electric field distribution of the electrolytic cell. According to the conditions that the surface and internal temperature of the molten salt is higher than the melting point of the electrolyte, the external temperature of the electrolytic cell is at room temperature for easy operation and other electrolysis technical requirements, adjust the distance between the anode and cathode according to the simulation results and conduct multiple simulations to select the best design of the titanium electrolytic cell that is most conducive to efficient use of space and energy and can achieve efficient self-heating design of 10kA titanium electrolytic cell.

[0072] The energy consumption of the titanium electrolytic cell selected in this embodiment, which can realize the efficient self-heating design of 1kA titanium electrolytic cell, is 12000kW·h / t, and the space utilization rate is 50%. Compared with the traditional titanium molten salt electrolysis device, the energy consumption is reduced by 40% and the space utilization rate is increased by 30%.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] A method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, the method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1. Obtaining the best electrolysis parameters: using 200g of NaCl-KCl eutectic salt containing titanium ions as the electrolyte, multiple titanium electrolytic refining was carried out using different anode and cathode current densities; after each electrolysis, the anode and cathode were raised above the molten salt liquid surface, heating was stopped, and the cathode product was treated after cooling; a set of best electrolysis parameters was selected; wherein: the cathode was a molybdenum sheet, the anode was sponge titanium, the electrolysis method was constant current electrolysis, slowly heated to 800°C and kept warm for 2h, and the cathode product was treated by ultrasonically cleaning the cathode with pure water for 30min to obtain a bright product.

[0076] S2. Model construction and physical property parameter setting: Based on the commercial simulation software ANSYS, the cathode and anode, electrolyte, argon layer, crucible, asbestos insulation layer, stainless steel shell, cooling system and other structures are drawn, and the relevant physical property parameters are set; among them, the cathode and anode current density and electrolyte concentration adopt the optimal electrolysis parameters obtained in S1, and the design of the cathode and anode is jointly determined by the optimal cathode and anode current density and current obtained from the experiment;

[0077] S3. Multi-physics field coupling setting and self-heating: Based on the commercial simulation software of ANSYS, the electric field, concentration field, thermal field and other multi-physics fields are set, and multi-physics field coupling is performed; no resistance wire is set for external heating, and only Joule heat and reaction heat are used for self-heating. After the setting is completed, simulation is performed to obtain the simulation results; among them, heat conduction and convection heat transfer in the titanium electrolytic cell are considered to simulate the thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell;

[0078] S4. Simulation analysis: Regulate the distance between the anode and cathode, the flow rate of water cooling, the size of each structure of the titanium electrolytic cell and other physical parameters to simulate, analyze the influence of different parameters on the thermal field of the electrolytic cell, and obtain the simulation analysis results;

[0079] S5. Efficient self-heating design of titanium electrolytic cell: Comprehensively analyze the influence of different variables on the thermal field and electric field distribution of the electrolytic cell. Based on the fact that the surface and internal temperature of the molten salt is higher than the melting point of the electrolyte, the external temperature of the electrolytic cell is at room temperature for easy operation and other electrolysis technical requirements, adjust the size of the titanium electrolytic cell shell according to the simulation results and conduct multiple simulations to select the best design of the titanium electrolytic cell that is most conducive to efficient use of space and energy and can achieve efficient self-heating design of 2kA titanium electrolytic cell.

[0080] The energy consumption of the titanium electrolytic cell selected in this embodiment, which can realize the efficient self-heating design of the 2kA titanium electrolytic cell, is 14000kW·h / t, and the space utilization rate is 65%. Compared with the traditional titanium molten salt electrolysis device, the energy consumption is reduced by 25% and the space utilization rate is increased by 30%.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] A method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, the method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance comprises the following steps:

[0083] S1. Obtaining the best electrolysis parameters: using 100g of CaCl2 molten salt containing titanium source as electrolyte, and using different electrolysis times to perform multiple titanium electrolysis refining; after each electrolysis, taking out the anode and cathode, and treating the cathode product after cooling; selecting a set of best electrolysis parameters; wherein: the cathode is titanium sheet, the anode is waste titanium material, the electrolysis method is constant current electrolysis, high-purity argon is introduced as protective gas, slowly heated to the working temperature and kept warm for 3h, and the cathode product is treated by ultrasonic cleaning the product with pure water for 30min and drying and characterizing it;

[0084] S2. Model construction and physical property parameter setting: Based on the commercial simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics, draw the cathode and anode, electrolyte, argon layer, crucible, asbestos insulation layer, stainless steel shell, cooling system and other structures, and set the relevant physical property parameters; among them, the electrolysis time adopts the optimal electrolysis parameters obtained in S1, and the design of the cathode and anode is determined by the cathode and anode current density and current;

[0085] S3. Multi-physics field coupling setting and self-heating: Based on the commercial simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics, the electric field, concentration field, thermal field and other multi-physics fields are set, and multi-physics field coupling is performed; no resistance wire is set for external heating, and only Joule heat and reaction heat are used for self-heating. After the setting is completed, simulation is performed to obtain simulation results; heat conduction and convection heat transfer in the titanium electrolytic cell are considered to simulate the thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell;

[0086] S4. Simulation analysis: Regulate the distance between the anode and cathode, the flow rate of water cooling, the size of each structure of the titanium electrolytic cell and other physical parameters to simulate, analyze the influence of different parameters on the thermal field of the electrolytic cell, and obtain the simulation analysis results;

[0087] S5. Efficient self-heating design of titanium electrolytic cell: Comprehensively analyze the influence of different variables on the thermal field and electric field distribution of the electrolytic cell. According to the conditions that the surface and internal temperature of the molten salt is higher than the melting point of the electrolyte, the external temperature of the electrolytic cell is at room temperature for easy operation and other electrolysis technical requirements, adjust the distance between the anode and cathode according to the simulation results and conduct multiple simulations to select the best design scheme of titanium electrolytic cell that is most conducive to efficient use of space and energy and can realize the efficient self-heating design of 3kA titanium electrolytic cell.

[0088] The energy consumption of the titanium electrolytic cell selected in this embodiment, which can realize the efficient self-heating design of the 3kA titanium electrolytic cell, is 11000kW·h / t, and the space utilization rate is 60%. Compared with the traditional titanium molten salt electrolysis device, the energy consumption is reduced by 45% and the space utilization rate is increased by 35%.

[0089] Example 6

[0090] A method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, the method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance comprises the following steps:

[0091] S1. Obtaining the best electrolysis parameters: using 200g of LiCl-KCl eutectic salt containing titanium source as electrolyte, and using different distances between anode and cathode to carry out multiple titanium electrolytic refining; after each electrolysis, remove the anode and cathode and stop heating, and treat the cathode product after cooling down; select a set of best electrolysis parameters; wherein: the cathode is a titanium plate, the anode is sponge titanium, the electrolysis method is constant current electrolysis, high-purity argon is introduced as protective gas, slowly heated to 500℃ and kept warm for 3h, and the cathode product is treated by ultrasonically cleaning the product with pure water for 30min and drying it, and characterized by XRD;

[0092] S2. Model construction and physical property parameter setting: Based on the commercial simulation software Fluent, draw the cathode and anode, electrolyte, argon layer, crucible, asbestos insulation layer, stainless steel shell, cooling system and other structures, and set the relevant physical property parameters; the cathode and anode inter-electrode distance adopts the optimal electrolysis parameters obtained in S1, and the design of the cathode and anode is determined by the cathode and anode current density and current;

[0093] S3, multi-physics field coupling setting and self-heating: Based on Fluent commercial simulation software, electric field, concentration field, thermal field and other multi-physics fields are set, and multi-physics field coupling is performed; no resistance wire is set for external heating, and only Joule heat and reaction heat are used for self-heating. After the setting is completed, simulation is performed to obtain simulation results; among them, heat conduction and convection heat transfer in the titanium electrolytic cell are considered to simulate the thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell;

[0094] S4. Simulation analysis: Regulate the distance between the anode and cathode, the flow rate of water cooling, the size of each structure of the titanium electrolytic cell and other physical parameters to simulate, analyze the influence of different parameters on the thermal field of the electrolytic cell, and obtain the simulation analysis results;

[0095] S5. Efficient self-heating design of titanium electrolytic cell: Comprehensively analyze the influence of different variables on the thermal field and electric field distribution of the electrolytic cell. According to the conditions that the surface and internal temperature of the molten salt is higher than the melting point of the electrolyte, the external temperature of the electrolytic cell is at room temperature for easy operation and other electrolysis technical requirements, adjust the water cooling flow rate according to the simulation results and conduct multiple simulations to select the best design scheme of titanium electrolytic cell that is most conducive to efficient use of space and energy and can achieve efficient self-heating design of 5kA titanium electrolytic cell.

[0096] The energy consumption of the titanium electrolytic cell selected in this embodiment, which can realize the efficient self-heating design of the 5kA titanium electrolytic cell, is 12000kW·h / t, and the space utilization rate is 50%. Compared with the traditional titanium molten salt electrolysis device, the energy consumption is reduced by 30% and the space utilization rate is increased by 35%.

[0097] The above scheme, the present invention proposes a design method for a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art of the design of molten salt electrolysis devices, the interaction and influence between various physical fields, the distribution characteristics and mutual influence of various physical fields in the electrolysis process, the unreasonable structural design of electrolysis devices of kiloamperes and above, the high energy consumption, the low space utilization rate and the acquisition of the relationship between the optimal electrolysis process parameters.

[0098] The present invention can efficiently utilize energy and space, reduce production costs and improve economic benefits by optimizing the design of titanium electrolytic cells of kiloampere level and above.

[0099] The present invention can systematically and scientifically quantitatively analyze and optimize the design scheme by using the initial structural model of the titanium electrolytic cell and setting relevant physical property parameters, multi-physical field coupling settings and self-heating, simulation analysis and selection of the optimal electrolytic cell design scheme, thereby avoiding wasting time and energy.

[0100] The present invention proposes an efficient method for optimizing the structure of an electrolytic cell by combining basic experimental research and numerical simulation. This idea also provides a scientific reference for the design of other electrolytic cells.

[0101] In summary, compared with other traditional methods, the method of the present invention obtains the optimal electrolytic cell design scheme through multi-physical field coupling setting, self-heating and simulation analysis, so as to realize the self-heating design with efficient space utilization and energy utilization of electrolytic cells of kiloampere level and above; the method is simple and easy to operate, green and environmentally friendly, highly economical, low-cost and high-efficiency, and is conducive to large-scale industrial production and promotion.

[0102] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for specific understanding.

[0103] In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0104] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0105] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance, characterized in that: The design method of the titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance is as follows: S1. Obtaining the best electrolysis parameters: multiple groups of different electrolysis parameters are used for titanium electrolysis refining in a molten salt electrolyte, and a set of the best electrolysis parameters is selected; S2. Model construction and physical property parameter setting: Based on commercial simulation software, the initial structural model of titanium electrolytic cells of kiloampere level and above is constructed and relevant physical property parameters are set; S3, multi-physics field coupling setting and self-heating: Based on commercial simulation software, electric field, concentration field, thermal field and other multi-physics fields are set, and multi-physics field coupling is performed; no resistance wire is set for external heating, and only Joule heat and reaction heat are used for self-heating. After the setting is completed, simulation is performed to obtain the simulation results; S4. Simulation analysis: Regulate the distance between the anode and cathode, the flow rate of water cooling, the size of each structure of the titanium electrolytic cell and other physical parameters to simulate, analyze the influence of different parameters on the thermal field of the electrolytic cell, and obtain the simulation analysis results; S5. Obtaining the efficient self-heating design of the titanium electrolytic cell: Based on the simulation analysis results, the optimal design scheme of the titanium electrolytic cell that can achieve the efficient self-heating design of the titanium electrolytic cell is selected.

2. The method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S1, the cathode is titanium, nickel, iron or tungsten, the anode is titanium sponge or waste titanium, the molten salt electrolyte is halide molten salt, and the cathode and anode current density is 0.005-1A / cm 2 .

3. The method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrolysis parameters in S1 include anode and cathode current density, electrolysis operating temperature or anode and cathode inter-electrode distance.

4. The method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anode and cathode current densities and electrolyte concentrations in S2 adopt the optimal electrolysis parameters obtained in S1.

5. The method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Commercial simulation software was used to build the model in S2, and the cathode, electrolyte, argon layer, crucible, asbestos insulation layer, stainless steel shell, cooling system and other structures were drawn, and the corresponding physical property parameters were set.

6. The method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The design of the anode and cathode in S2 is determined by the optimal anode and cathode current density and current obtained from experiments.

7. The method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, the electric field and thermal field are simulated separately and electrothermal coupling is performed. The thermal field uses the Joule heat of the molten salt electrolyte and the heat of the electrochemical reaction as heat sources, and no resistance wire is set for external heating. The thermal conduction and convection heat transfer in the titanium electrolytic cell are considered to simulate the thermal field distribution of the electrolytic cell.

8. The method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The simulation analysis results obtained in S5 are specifically a comprehensive analysis of the impact of different variables on the thermal field and electric field distribution of the electrolytic cell. Based on the fact that the surface and internal temperature of the molten salt is higher than the melting point of the electrolyte, the external temperature of the electrolytic cell is at room temperature for easy operation and other electrolysis technical requirements, the self-heating electrolytic cell design scheme that is most conducive to efficient use of space and energy is selected.

9. The method for designing a titanium molten salt electrolysis device based on numerical simulation guidance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy consumption of the titanium molten salt electrolysis device design method based on numerical simulation guidance is 8000-18000kW·h / t, and the space utilization rate is 40-80%. Compared with the traditional titanium molten salt electrolysis device, the energy consumption is reduced by 20-60% and the space utilization rate is increased by 10-50%.

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