A method for simulating the energy consumption of a household air conditioner, a computing device, and a storage medium

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for simulating the energy consumption of a household air conditioner, a computing device, and a storage medium. The simulation method includes the following steps: constructing an environmental simulation module, an envelope structure simulation module, an occupant simulation module, and an air conditioner simulation module; analyzing the hourly indoor temperature according to the hourly outdoor temperature and solar radiation information in the environmental simulation module and the building envelope structure information stored in the envelope structure simulation module, and storing the hourly indoor temperature in the environmental simulation module; analyzing the target room where the preset occupant arrives according to the information stored in the occupant simulation module, and analyzing the start-stop state of the air conditioner simulation module in the target room; when the air conditioner simulation module is in the on state, calculating its energy consumption; if completed, ending and outputting the time series of air conditioner energy consumption. The present invention can effectively simulate the influence of three types of influencing factors, namely the external environment, the building envelope structure system, and the occupant behavior habits, and their interactions on the use process of household air conditioners.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building energy consumption simulation, and specifically to a method for simulating the energy consumption of household air conditioners, a computing device, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The issue of energy shortage has drawn the attention and emphasis of various countries, and the work of energy conservation and emission reduction is extremely urgent. With the rapid development of urbanization and the continuous improvement of people's requirements for the quality of life, the number of air conditioning equipment in residential buildings is increasing day by day, and the resulting energy consumption has increased significantly and continuously. Accurately quantifying the energy consumption of household air conditioners is of great significance for alleviating the energy crisis and promoting the sustainable development of the construction industry.

[0003] The energy consumption of household air conditioners is affected by factors such as the external environment, the building envelope structure system, and the behavior habits of occupants, and there are complex interaction relationships among these factors, making it difficult to estimate using traditional methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for simulating the energy consumption of household air conditioners, including the following steps:

[0005] S1. Construct an environmental simulation module, an envelope structure simulation module, an occupant simulation module, and an air conditioner simulation module; the environmental simulation module includes hourly outdoor temperature information and solar radiation information; the envelope structure simulation module includes envelope structure information, such as the heat transfer coefficient of the exterior wall, the window-wall ratio, etc.; the air conditioner simulation module is used to simulate the state of the air conditioner, including the on and off states; the occupant simulation module is used to simulate the behavior of the occupants, including the daily schedule pattern, temperature preference, comfortable temperature range, energy consumption pattern of the occupants, and the decision-making rule when there is a conflict in the control of the air conditioner simulation module by multiple occupants.

[0006] S2. Analyze the hourly indoor temperature according to the hourly outdoor temperature and solar radiation information in the environmental simulation module and the building envelope structure information stored in the envelope structure simulation module, and store the hourly indoor temperature in the environmental simulation module.

[0007] S3. Analyze the target room where the preset occupant arrives according to the information stored in the occupant simulation module, and analyze the start and stop states of the air conditioner simulation module in the target room according to the comfortable temperature range, energy consumption pattern of the occupant, and the hourly indoor temperature stored in the occupant simulation module; when there is a conflict in the start and stop of the air conditioner simulation module in the target room by different preset occupants, call the decision-making rule for judgment.

[0008] S4. When the air conditioner simulation module is in the on state, calculate its energy consumption E.

[0009] S5. Determine whether the evaluation stage is over; if it is completed, end and output the time series of air conditioner energy consumption; otherwise, return to step S3.

[0010] Further, in S4, the energy consumption E = Q / COP, where Q is the heat load and COP is the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioner; the heat load Q consists of the heat load Q 1 before balance and the heat load Q 2 after balance, that is, Q = Q 1 + Q 2 ; Q 1 = C P pVΔT 1 , where C P is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of air, p is the indoor density, V is the indoor volume, and ΔT 1 is the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors before balance; for the air conditioner cooling condition, Q 2 = Q c + Q e + Q r , for the air conditioner heating condition, Q 2 = Q c + Q e - Q r , where Q c is the heat conduction load, Q e is the heat exchange load, and Q r is the solar radiation load.

[0011] Further, , where A i is the area of the enclosure structure i, U i is the heat transfer coefficient of the enclosure structure i, and ΔT 2 is the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors after balance.

[0012] Further, Q e = kVpC P ΔT 2 / 3.6, where k is the number of air change per hour.

[0013] Further, , where A s is the area of the south-facing window, A n is the area of the north-facing window, I s is the hourly solar radiation on the south side, I n is the hourly solar radiation on the north side, R a is the heat transfer resistance on the outer surface of the glass, R r is the heat transfer resistance on the inner surface of the glass, a is the absorptivity of the glass to solar radiation, and τ is the transmittance of the glass to solar radiation.

[0014] Further, the occupant simulation module includes elderly occupants, child occupants, and adult occupants.

[0015] Further, the decision rules include Decision Rule I, Decision Rule II, and Decision Rule III; in Decision Rule I, the set temperature of the air-conditioning simulation module is determined by adult occupants; in Decision Rule II, the set temperature of the air-conditioning simulation module is determined by elderly occupants and child occupants; in Decision Rule III, the set temperature of the air-conditioning simulation module is determined by a vote of each occupant. When there is a tie, Decision Rule I is executed.

[0016] Further, the energy consumption patterns include Energy Consumption Pattern P a , Energy Consumption Pattern P b , Energy Consumption Pattern P c , and Energy Consumption Pattern P d ; in Energy Consumption Pattern P a , the air-conditioning simulation module remains on throughout the heating / cooling period; in Energy Consumption Pattern P b , the air conditioner is turned on when there are occupants in the room and turned off when everyone leaves the room; in Energy Consumption Pattern P c , the air conditioner is turned on when the indoor temperature exceeds the comfortable temperature range of the occupants and turned off when it reaches the comfortable range; in Energy Consumption Pattern P d , the occupants turn on the air conditioner before going to sleep and turn it off after getting up.

[0017] The present invention also provides a computing device, including a processor and a memory. The memory stores executable code thereon. When the executable code is executed by the processor, the processor is caused to execute the method described above.

[0018] The present invention also provides a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, which stores executable code thereon. When the executable code is executed by a processor of an electronic device, the processor is caused to execute the method described above.

[0019] The present invention can effectively simulate the influence of three types of influencing factors, namely the external environment, the building envelope structure system, and the behavior habits of occupants, and their interactions on the process of using household air conditioners. It restores the dynamic changes in the use of household air conditioners through the microscopic individual activities of occupants and outputs the quantified values of energy consumption. This is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the simulation results of household air conditioner energy consumption, revealing the influence mechanism of various influencing factors on air conditioner energy consumption and the dynamic changes in air conditioner energy consumption during the evaluation period, and guiding the energy-saving and low-carbon practice of buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] See Figure 1 , this embodiment is a method for simulating the energy consumption of a household air conditioner, including the following steps:

[0025] S1. Construct an environmental simulation module, an envelope structure simulation module, an occupant simulation module, and an air conditioner simulation module; the environmental simulation module includes hourly outdoor temperature information and solar radiation information; the envelope structure simulation module includes envelope structure information, such as the heat transfer coefficient of the exterior wall, the window-wall ratio, etc.; the air conditioner simulation module is used to simulate the state of the air conditioner, including the on and off states; the occupant simulation module is used to simulate the behavior of the occupants, including the daily routine patterns, temperature preferences, comfort temperature ranges, energy consumption patterns of the occupants, and the decision-making rules when there are conflicts in the control of the air conditioner simulation module by multiple occupants.

[0026] The occupant simulation module in this embodiment includes elderly occupants, child occupants, and adult occupants. The temperature preference of the adult occupants is set to a cooling temperature of 26°C and a heating temperature of 18°C; the temperature preferences of the elderly occupants and child occupants are set to a cooling temperature of 27°C and a heating temperature of 20°C.

[0027] The energy consumption pattern in this embodiment includes energy consumption pattern P a , energy consumption pattern P b , energy consumption pattern P c and energy consumption pattern P d ; in energy consumption pattern P a , the air conditioner simulation module remains on throughout the heating / cooling period; in energy consumption pattern P b , the air conditioner is turned on when there are occupants in the room and turned off when everyone leaves the room; in energy consumption pattern Pc Under this condition, when the indoor temperature exceeds the comfortable temperature range of the occupant, the air conditioner is turned on, and when it reaches the comfortable range, the air conditioner is turned off; in the energy consumption mode P d Under this condition, the occupant turns on the air conditioner before going to sleep and turns it off after getting up.

[0028] S2. According to the hourly outdoor temperature and solar radiation information in the environmental simulation module, and the building envelope structure information stored in the building envelope structure simulation module, analyze the hourly indoor temperature, and store the hourly indoor temperature in the environmental simulation module. In this embodiment, the Ecotect tool is used to analyze the hourly indoor temperature, and other methods can also be used for analysis in other embodiments.

[0029] S3. According to the information stored in the occupant simulation module, analyze the target room where the preset occupant arrives. When the specified time arrives, the occupant moves to the target room. The daily routine of the occupant has a certain degree of randomness, and the time points of each transition event follow a Gaussian distribution with a standard deviation of 0.25 h. The occupant reads the indoor temperature information sent by the environmental simulation module, compares it with the preferred temperature, and determines whether to change the state and set temperature of the air conditioner simulation module based on the energy consumption mode. When there is a conflict in the start and stop of the air conditioner simulation module in the target room for different preset occupants, the decision rule is called for judgment.

[0030] The decision rules of this embodiment include Decision Rule I, Decision Rule II, and Decision Rule III; in Decision Rule I, the set temperature of the air conditioner simulation module is determined by adult occupants; in Decision Rule II, the set temperature of the air conditioner simulation module is determined by elderly occupants and child occupants; in Decision Rule III, the set temperature of the air conditioner simulation module is determined by voting of each occupant. When there is a tie, Decision Rule I is executed.

[0031] S4. When the air conditioner simulation module is in the on state, calculate its energy consumption E. In this embodiment, the BIN method is called to calculate the air conditioner energy consumption. The energy consumption E = Q / COP, where Q is the heat load and COP is the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioner; the heat load Q consists of the pre-equilibrium heat load Q 1 and the post-equilibrium heat load Q 2 , that is, Q = Q 1 + Q 2 ; Q 1 = C P pVΔT 1 , where C P is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of air, p is the indoor density, V is the indoor volume, and ΔT 1 is the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors before equilibrium. For the air conditioner cooling condition, Q 2 = Q c + Q e + Q r , for the air conditioner heating condition, Q2 =Q c +Q e -Q r , where Q c is the heat conduction load, Q e is the heat exchange load, Q r is the solar radiation load.

[0032] In this embodiment, , where A i is the area of the enclosure structure i, U i is the heat transfer coefficient of the enclosure structure i, ΔT 2 is the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor after balance. Q e =kVpC P ΔT 2 / 3.6, where k is the number of air changes per hour. , where A s is the area of the south-facing window, A n is the area of the north-facing window, I s is the hourly solar radiation on the south side, I n is the hourly solar radiation on the north side, R a is the heat transfer resistance on the outer surface of the glass, R r is the heat transfer resistance on the inner surface of the glass, a is the absorptivity of the glass to solar radiation, and τ is the transmittance of the glass to solar radiation.

[0033] S5. Determine whether the evaluation stage is over; if it is completed, end and output the time series of air-conditioning energy consumption; otherwise, return to step S3.

[0034] Example 2:

[0035] This embodiment is a computing device, including a processor and a memory, and the memory stores code for executing the method in the above embodiment.

[0036] The processor can be a multi-core processor or can include multiple processors. In some embodiments, the processor can include a general main processor and one or more special coprocessors, such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), etc. In some embodiments, the processor can be implemented using custom circuits, such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a field programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0037] The memory may include various types of storage units, such as system memory, read-only memory (ROM), and permanent storage devices. Among them, the ROM can store static data or instructions required by the processor or other modules of the computer. The permanent storage device can be a read-write storage device. The permanent storage device can be a non-volatile storage device that does not lose the stored instructions and data even when the computer is powered off. In some embodiments, the permanent storage device uses a mass storage device (such as a magnetic or optical disk, flash memory) as the permanent storage device. In some other embodiments, the permanent storage device can be a removable storage device (such as a floppy disk, optical drive). The system memory can be a read-write storage device or a volatile read-write storage device, such as dynamic random access memory. The system memory can store some or all of the instructions and data required by the processor during operation. In addition, the memory can include any combination of computer-readable storage media, including various types of semiconductor storage chips (DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, flash memory, programmable read-only memory), and magnetic disks and / or optical disks can also be used. In some embodiments, the memory can include a removable storage device that is readable and / or writable, such as a compact disc (CD), read-only digital versatile disc (such as DVD-ROM, dual-layer DVD-ROM), read-only Blu-ray disc, super density disc, flash memory card (such as SD card, min SD card, Micro-SD card, etc.), magnetic floppy disk, etc. Computer-readable storage media do not include carrier waves and instantaneous electronic signals transmitted wirelessly or wired.

[0038] The memory stores executable code thereon, and when the executable code is executed by the processor, the processor is caused to execute the above method.

[0039] Example 3:

[0040] This embodiment provides a non-transitory machine-readable memory that stores executable code thereon, and when the executable code is executed by a processor of an electronic device, the processor is caused to execute the above method.

[0041] A non-transitory machine-readable memory (or computer-readable memory, or machine-readable memory) stores executable code (or computer program, or computer instruction code) thereon, and when the executable code (or computer program, or computer instruction code) is executed by a processor of an electronic device (or computing device, server, etc.), the processor is caused to execute each step of the above method according to the present invention.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various exemplary logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both.

[0043] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for simulating energy consumption of household air conditioners, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Construct an environment simulation module, a building envelope simulation module, a resident simulation module and an air conditioning simulation module; the environment simulation module includes hourly outdoor temperature information and solar radiation information; the building envelope simulation module includes building envelope information; the air conditioning simulation module is used to simulate the air conditioning state, including the start and stop state; the resident simulation module is used to simulate the resident's behavior, including the resident's work and rest pattern, temperature preference, comfortable temperature range, energy consumption mode and decision rules when multiple residents conflict with the control of the air conditioning simulation module; S2, analyzing the hourly indoor temperature according to the hourly outdoor temperature and solar radiation information in the environment simulation module and the building envelope structure information stored in the envelope structure simulation module, and storing the hourly indoor temperature in the environment simulation module; S3, analyzing the target room to which the preset occupant arrives based on the information stored in the occupant simulation module, and analyzing the start / stop state of the air conditioning simulation module in the target room based on the comfortable temperature range, energy consumption mode and hourly indoor temperature of the occupant stored in the occupant simulation module; when different preset occupants have conflicts in starting and stopping the air conditioning simulation module in the target room, calling the decision rule for judgment; S4. When the air conditioning simulation module is turned on, calculate its energy consumption E; energy consumption E = Q / COP, where Q is the heat load and COP is the air conditioning energy efficiency ratio; the heat load Q is composed of the heat load Q1 before balancing and the heat load Q2 after balancing, that is, Q = Q1 + Q2; Q1 = C P pVΔT1, where C P is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, p is the indoor density, V is the indoor volume, ΔT1 is the indoor and outdoor temperature difference before equilibrium; for air conditioning refrigeration conditions, Q2=Q c +Q e +Q r , for air conditioning heating conditions, Q2=Q c +Q e -Q r , where Q c is the heat conduction load, Q e is the heat exchange load, Q r is the solar radiation load; , where A i is the area of ​​the enclosure structure i, U i is the heat transfer coefficient of the enclosure structure i, ΔT2 is the indoor and outdoor temperature difference after equilibrium; S5. Determine whether the evaluation phase is completed; if completed, the process ends and outputs the air conditioning energy consumption time series; otherwise, return to step S3.

2. The household air conditioning energy consumption simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Q e =kVpC P ΔT2 / 3.6, where k is the number of ventilation changes.

3. The household air conditioning energy consumption simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: , where A s is the area of ​​south-facing windows, A n is the north-facing window area, I s is the hourly solar radiation to the south, I n is the hourly solar radiation to the north, R a is the heat transfer resistance of the glass outer surface, R r is the heat transfer thermal resistance of the inner surface of the glass, a is the absorptivity of the glass to solar radiation, and τ is the transmittance of the glass to solar radiation.

4. The household air conditioning energy consumption simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The occupant simulation module includes elderly occupants, child occupants and adult occupants.

5. The household air conditioning energy consumption simulation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The decision rules include decision rule I, decision rule II and decision rule III; in decision rule I, the set temperature of the air conditioning simulation module is determined by the adult occupant; In decision rule II, the set temperature of the air conditioning simulation module is determined by the elderly occupants and the child occupants; In decision rule III, the set temperature of the air conditioning simulation module is voted on by each occupant. When there is a tie, decision rule I is executed.

6. The household air conditioning energy consumption simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy usage mode includes energy usage mode P a , Energy usage mode P b , Energy usage mode P c and energy usage mode P d ; In energy mode P a In the energy mode P, the air conditioning simulation module remains on during the entire heating / cooling period; b In the energy mode P, the air conditioner is turned on when there are occupants in the room and turned off when everyone leaves the room. c In the energy mode P, the air conditioner is turned on when the indoor temperature exceeds the comfortable temperature range of the occupants, and is turned off when the indoor temperature reaches the comfortable range. d In this case, residents turn on the air conditioner before going to bed and turn it off after getting up.

7. A computing device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores executable codes, and when the executable codes are executed by the processor, the processor executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that: An executable code is stored thereon, and when the executable code is executed by a processor of an electronic device, the processor is caused to execute any method as claimed in claims 1-6.

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