Water-soil-carbon three-term ecological system service comprehensive index accounting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecosystem services, and provides a water-soil-carbon three-item ecosystem service comprehensive index accounting method, which couples ecosystem service evaluation and landscape feature scale analysis, performs quantitative evaluation on regional water-soil-carbon three-item ecosystem services from grid-grid double scales, and on the basis, performs quantitative evaluation on the regional water-soil-carbon three-item ecosystem services. A multi-attribute decision CoCoSo model is adopted to obtain comprehensive evaluation indexes of water-soil-carbon ecological system services, and the comprehensive evaluation indexes are graded and partitioned, so that theoretical basis and technical support are provided for regional ecological environment protection and restoration. According to the method, the water-soil-carbon ecological system service comprehensive index can be better calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ecosystem service technology, and in particular to a method for calculating a comprehensive index of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services. Background Art

[0002] Ecosystem services are the benefits that humans obtain directly or indirectly from ecosystems, such as water conservation, soil conservation, and carbon storage, which are the basis for human survival and development. Among them, water conservation, as an important ecosystem service, plays a key role in intercepting and storing precipitation, flood retention and runoff regulation. Soil conservation, as an ecosystem regulation service, is an important guarantee for preventing land degradation and reducing the risk of flood disasters. Carbon storage services, as ecosystem regulation services, are important for absorbing CO 2 It plays an important role in reducing greenhouse gases and promoting regional carbon cycle balance.

[0003] The assessment of ecosystem services can be divided into three types: energy assessment, value assessment and physical quantity assessment. At present, the value assessment method is used to assess the value of single or multiple ecosystem services in regional ecosystem services. However, the value assessment method is a static assessment method that cannot describe the evolution of the regional ecosystem. Alternatively, the physical quantity method is used to assess a single ecosystem service, which ignores the interaction between ecosystem services.

[0004] With the increasing environmental pressure brought about by global climate change and human activities, global ecosystem services have been greatly affected, resulting in a series of problems such as reduced water conservation, increased soil erosion, and decreased carbon storage. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of regional water-soil-carbon ecosystem services can effectively improve the quality of ecosystem services and maintain sustainable development. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for calculating a comprehensive index of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services, which can overcome certain defects of the prior art.

[0006] The water-soil-carbon ecosystem service comprehensive index calculation method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: S1. By collecting topography, meteorology, land use and soil information in the study area, the ecosystem service assessment model InVEST was used to calculate and quantify the three ecosystem service functions of water, soil and carbon in the study area, and the spatial distribution layers of the three key ecosystem services of water conservation, soil conservation and carbon storage at the grid scale were obtained; S2. With the help of fractal theory, the gap index of each land use type in the study area at different spatial scales was obtained by using the gap landscape scale analysis method, and the spatial characteristic scale was obtained, that is, the spatial distribution of land use types at this spatial characteristic scale tends to be homogeneous, and it was used as the characteristic grid scale of the three ecosystem services of water, soil and carbon. The ecosystem services at the raster scale were unified to the grid scale through the spatial regional statistics tool of ArcGIS software; S3. Based on the spatial distribution layer of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services at the grid scale, the additive and multiplicative synergistic relationship among the water-soil-carbon ecosystem services was considered, and the multi-attribute decision-making CoCoSo model was adopted to calculate the weighted sum and the exponential weighted product sum of the ecosystem services. Different aggregation functions were used to obtain the comprehensive index of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services. Finally, the natural breakpoint method was used to carry out hierarchical and regional management of the ecosystem services in the study area.

[0007] As a preferred method, in S3, in order to reflect the comprehensive ability of the study area in providing ecosystem services, the CoCoSo model is used to aggregate the spatial distribution layers of the three ecological service functions of water, soil and carbon at the grid scale calculated based on the InVEST model-gap landscape scale analysis to calculate the comprehensive index of the ecosystem service function of the study area; the calculation formula of the CoCoSo model is: ; In the formula, It represents the types of ecosystem services. The three ecosystem services of water, soil and carbon are water conservation, soil conservation and carbon storage. ; For the The first indicators of ecosystem services; For the The weight of each ecosystem service function, The weighted sum of ecosystem services; The sum of the weighted products of the ecosystem service indices; the aggregation method is applied to and To summarize: ; Where: It indicates the number of evaluated units, i.e. the number of grids; represent and The arithmetic mean of the sum; represent and The sum of the quantified ecological services relative to the best case scenario; About and The balanced compromise score of Express or Preferences, Right now The grid unit ecosystem service function capacity index is based on Value analysis is used to study the spatiotemporal analysis characteristics of regional ecosystem service functions.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This paper couples the ecosystem service assessment and landscape characteristic scale analysis, and quantitatively evaluates the regional water-soil-carbon ecosystem services from the grid-grid dual scale. On this basis, the multi-attribute decision-making CoCoSo model is used to obtain the comprehensive evaluation index of the water-soil-carbon ecosystem services, and classify and zone them, providing a theoretical basis and technical support for regional ecological environment protection and restoration, as follows: (1) The water-soil-carbon ecosystem service comprehensive index calculation method based on the multi-attribute decision-making model of the present invention takes into account the additive and multiplicative synergistic relationship between various ecosystem services, which can better reflect the richness and spatial distribution characteristics of ecosystem services, make up for the shortcomings of the traditional ecosystem service comprehensive assessment that the richness of ecosystem service functions is too high or too low, and can provide more reasonable data support for the management of regional ecosystems; (2) The present invention provides a new method for reflecting the comprehensive distribution of water, soil and carbon ecosystem services under specific landscape management, and classifies and zones the comprehensive index to identify regional ecosystem service protection areas and restoration areas, thereby improving the efficiency of regional ecosystem management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for calculating a comprehensive index of water, soil and carbon ecosystem services in an embodiment; Figure 2 This is a spatial distribution map of the three ecosystem services of water, soil and carbon at the grid scale in the embodiment; FIG3 (a) is a distribution diagram of the interstitial index of agricultural land in the embodiment; FIG3( b ) is a distribution diagram of the interstitial index of the forest land in the embodiment; FIG3( c ) is a distribution diagram of the gap index of the grassland in the embodiment; FIG3( d ) is a distribution diagram of the interstitial index of the water body in the embodiment; FIG3( e ) is a distribution diagram of the gap index of the construction land in the embodiment; FIG3( f ) is a distribution diagram of the gap index of unused land in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a spatial distribution map of water, soil and carbon ecosystem services at the grid scale in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a grading and zoning map of the comprehensive index of water, soil and carbon ecosystem services at the grid scale in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit it.

[0011] Example

[0012] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for calculating the comprehensive index of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services (based on a multi-attribute decision-making model), which includes the following steps: S1. By collecting topographic, meteorological, land use and soil information of the study area (upper reaches of Minjiang River in Sichuan Province), the ecosystem service assessment model InVEST was used to calculate and quantify the three ecosystem service functions of water, soil and carbon in the study area, and the spatial distribution layers of the three key ecosystem services of water conservation, soil conservation and carbon storage at the grid scale were obtained; S2. With the help of fractal theory, the interstitial landscape scale analysis method was used to obtain the interstitial index of each land use type in the study area (upper reaches of Minjiang River, Sichuan Province) at different spatial scales, and the spatial characteristic scale was obtained, that is, the spatial distribution of land use types tends to be homogeneous at this spatial characteristic scale, and it was used as the characteristic grid scale of the three ecosystem services of water, soil and carbon. The spatial regional statistics tool (Zonal Statistics As Table) of ArcGIS software was used to unify the ecosystem services at the grid scale to the grid scale; S3. In order to reflect the comprehensive ability of the study area (the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in Sichuan Province) in providing ecosystem services, based on the spatial distribution layer of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services at the grid scale, the additive and multiplicative synergistic relationship among the water-soil-carbon ecosystem services was considered, and the multi-attribute decision-making CoCoSo model was adopted to calculate the weighted sum and the exponential weighted product sum of ecosystem services. Different aggregation functions were used to obtain the comprehensive index of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services. Finally, the natural breakpoint method was used to carry out hierarchical and regional management of the ecosystem services in the study area.

[0013] In S3, the CoCoSo model is used to aggregate the spatial distribution layers of the three ecological service functions of water, soil and carbon at the grid scale calculated based on the InVEST model-interstitial landscape scale analysis to calculate the comprehensive index of the ecosystem service function of the study area; the CoCoSo model is a multi-attribute decision-making method that can provide a compromise solution for different aggregation functions based on the simple additive weighting model and the calculation formula is: ; In the formula, It represents the types of ecosystem services. The three ecosystem services of water, soil and carbon are water conservation, soil conservation and carbon storage. ; For the The first indicators of ecosystem services; For the The weights of the three ecosystem service functions are generally considered to be equally important, namely, water, soil and carbon. ; The weighted sum of ecosystem services; The sum of the weighted products of the ecosystem service indexes; based on this, the aggregation method is applied to and To summarize: ; Where: It indicates the number of evaluated units, i.e. the number of grids; represent and The arithmetic mean of the sum; represent and The sum of the quantified ecological services relative to the best case scenario; About and The balanced compromise score of Express or preference, generally believed to be and There is no preference, so Set to 0.5; Right now The grid unit ecosystem service function capacity index is based on Value analysis is used to study the spatiotemporal analysis characteristics of regional ecosystem service functions.

[0014] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, by collecting basic information such as topography, meteorology, land use and soil in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in Sichuan Province, the ecosystem service assessment model InVEST was used to calculate and quantify the three ecosystem service functions of water, soil and carbon in the study area, and the spatial distribution layers of the three key ecosystem services of water conservation, soil conservation and carbon storage at the grid scale (30 m×30 m) were obtained.

[0015] As shown in Figures 3(a), 3(b), 3(c), 3(d), 3(e) and 3(f), these are the distribution maps of the gap index of agricultural land, forest land, grassland, water body, construction land and unused land. With the help of fractal theory and the gap landscape scale analysis method, the gap index of each land use type in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River at different spatial scales was obtained, and the spatial characteristic scale, that is, the landscape characteristic scale of the land use type (3 km), was obtained.

[0016] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, based on the identified land use type landscape characteristic scale and the spatial distribution layers of water conservation, soil conservation, and carbon storage ecosystem services at the raster scale, the ecosystem services at the raster scale are unified to the grid scale through the spatial regional statistics tool (ZonalStatistics As Table) of ArcGIS software, that is, the spatial distribution map of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services at the grid scale (3 km×3 km).

[0017] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in order to reflect the comprehensive ability of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in providing ecosystem services, based on the spatial distribution layer of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services at the grid scale, the additive and multiplicative synergistic relationship among the water-soil-carbon ecosystem services was considered, and the multi-attribute decision-making CoCoSo model was adopted to calculate the weighted sum and exponentially weighted product sum of ecosystem services. Different aggregation functions were used to obtain the comprehensive index of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services. Finally, the natural breakpoint method was used to carry out hierarchical and regional management of the ecosystem services in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River.

[0018] This embodiment proposes to couple the traditional ecosystem service assessment-landscape characteristic scale analysis with the multi-attribute decision-making CoCoSo model, and then obtain the water-soil-carbon three-item ecosystem service comprehensive index under the characteristic calculation unit, which can more accurately reflect the interaction relationship between various ecosystem services and the diversity of ecosystem services, integrate geology, management and environmental science, and accurately calculate the regional water-soil-carbon three-item ecosystem service comprehensive index, providing methodological support for the improvement of regional ecosystem service functions and data support for the realization of regional ecosystem hierarchical and zoning management.

[0019] The present invention and its embodiments are described schematically above, and the description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and designs a structural method and an embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The calculation method of the comprehensive index of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services is characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. By collecting topography, meteorology, land use and soil information in the study area, the ecosystem service assessment model InVEST was used to calculate and quantify the three ecosystem service functions of water, soil and carbon in the study area, and the spatial distribution layers of the three key ecosystem services of water conservation, soil conservation and carbon storage at the grid scale were obtained; S2. With the help of fractal theory, the gap index of each land use type in the study area at different spatial scales was obtained by using the gap landscape scale analysis method, and the spatial characteristic scale was obtained, that is, the spatial distribution of land use types at this spatial characteristic scale tends to be homogeneous, and it was used as the characteristic grid scale of the three ecosystem services of water, soil and carbon. The ecosystem services at the raster scale were unified to the grid scale through the spatial regional statistics tool of ArcGIS software; S3. Based on the spatial distribution layer of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services at the grid scale, the additive and multiplicative synergistic relationship among the water-soil-carbon ecosystem services was considered, and the multi-attribute decision-making CoCoSo model was adopted to calculate the weighted sum and the exponential weighted product sum of the ecosystem services. Different aggregation functions were used to obtain the comprehensive index of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services. Finally, the natural breakpoint method was used to carry out hierarchical and regional management of the ecosystem services in the study area.

2. The method for calculating the comprehensive index of water-soil-carbon ecosystem services according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S3, in order to reflect the comprehensive ability of the study area in providing ecosystem services, the CoCoSo model is used to aggregate the spatial distribution layers of the three ecological service functions of water, soil and carbon at the grid scale calculated based on the InVEST model-gap landscape scale analysis to calculate the comprehensive index of the ecosystem service function of the study area; the calculation formula of the CoCoSo model is: ； In the formula, It represents the types of ecosystem services. The three ecosystem services of water, soil and carbon are water conservation, soil conservation and carbon storage. ; For the The grid indicators of ecosystem services; For the The weight of each ecosystem service function, The weighted sum of ecosystem services; The sum of the exponentially weighted products of ecosystem services; Apply aggregation methods to and To summarize: ； Where: It indicates the number of evaluated units, i.e. the number of grids; represent and The arithmetic mean of the sum; represent and The sum of the quantified ecological services relative to the best case scenario; About and The balanced compromise score of Express or Preferences, Right now The grid unit ecosystem service function capacity index is based on Value analysis is used to study the spatiotemporal analysis characteristics of regional ecosystem service functions.

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