Die and method for manufacturing composite material grating cone through fiber winding process

Abstract

The invention discloses a mold and method for manufacturing a composite material grating cone through a fiber winding process, belongs to the field of composite material molds, and solves the manufacturing problem of an existing grating cone. The mold comprises a conical mold main body, an upper steering nail ring, a lower steering nail ring, an upper flange, a lower flange, a rotating shaft and a silica gel soft film, wherein the rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through the upper flange, the conical mold main body and the lower flange; the conical mold body, the steering nail ring, the upper flange and the lower flange are coaxially matched, the upper steering nail ring is connected to the conical mold body through the upper flange, the lower steering nail ring is directly connected with the conical mold body, the lower flange is directly connected with the conical mold body, and the silica gel mold is formed by splicing one or more plane soft molds. The plurality of blades are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the conical mold main body; orthogonal grating grooves are formed in the surface of the silica gel mold, and the grating grooves are composed of grating strips in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. The mold is mainly used for manufacturing conical structures through fibers or prepreg tapes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of composite material moulds, and in particular relates to a mould and a method for manufacturing a composite material grid cone by a filament winding process. Background Art

[0002] Advanced composite materials have been widely used in aerospace, rail transit, ships and submarines due to their outstanding advantages such as high specific strength and modulus, small thermal expansion coefficient, good designability and corrosion resistance. At the connection of cylinder sections of different diameters in aircraft, rockets, submarines, etc., a tapered structure is required for variable cross-section transition. Fiber winding is a commonly used composite material forming process, especially in the forming of rotating bodies and grid structures. The fiber dry wire winding process is to wind dry wires on various molds, then infiltrate the dry wires with resin glue, and then obtain the finished product after curing and demolding. It has many advantages such as giving full play to the strength of the fiber, high reliability, high production efficiency and low cost.

[0003] Compared with the traditional wall panel structure, the grid structure is lighter and more designable while ensuring strength and rigidity. The fiber winding process can ensure the continuity of the fiber, make full use of the strength of the fiber, and improve the quality and stability of the product. The traditional winding process can only produce continuous shells or cylinders, and the molds used are expensive and cannot adapt to the highly designable grid cone. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a mold and a method for manufacturing a composite material grid cone by a filament winding process. The mold has high molding quality, low price, light weight, convenient installation and easy operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A mold for manufacturing a composite material grid cone by a fiber winding process, comprising a conical mold body, an upper flange, a lower flange, a steering nail ring, and a silicone mold; the conical mold body, the steering nail ring, the upper flange, and the lower flange are all coaxially matched, and the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively located at the top and bottom of the conical mold body; the steering nail ring is respectively sleeved on the upper flange and the outer surface of the lower end of the conical mold body, and the silicone mold is spliced ​​by one or more plane soft films, which are connected and distributed on the outer surface of the conical mold body in a circumferential combination; the surface of the silicone mold is provided with orthogonal grid grooves, and the grid grooves are composed of grid bars in both axial and circumferential directions.

[0006] The above-mentioned mold also includes an upper pressing block and a lower pressing block, which are respectively located at the top end of the upper flange and the bottom end of the lower flange, and are used to press the upper flange and the lower flange; The conical mold body comprises an upper conical mold body conical barrel section, a lower conical mold body cylindrical barrel section and a second positioning ring, wherein the second positioning ring is located at the connection between the conical mold body conical barrel section and the conical mold body cylindrical barrel section, and the upper surface of the second positioning ring is perpendicular to the outer surface of the conical mold body cylindrical barrel section, and is used for positioning the silicone soft film; The upper flange comprises an upper flange conical cylinder section and a first positioning ring, wherein the first positioning ring is located at the bottom of the upper flange conical cylinder section and cooperates with the second positioning circular ring to position the silicone soft film; A first positioning boss is provided at the bottom of the upper flange conical cylinder section to provide torque transmission and coaxial positioning, and a first positioning groove is provided at the top of the conical mold body conical cylinder section to transmit torque and coaxial positioning, and the first positioning boss cooperates with the first positioning groove; A second positioning boss is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical section of the conical mold body for transmitting torque and coaxial positioning, and a second positioning groove is provided on the lower flange to provide torque and coaxial positioning, and the second positioning boss cooperates with the second positioning groove; The steering nail ring is provided with a steering nail ring nut hole and a steering nail ring bolt hole; the steering nail ring bolt hole is opened to penetrate the steering nail ring nut hole. When installing the steering nail, first put the standard nut into the steering nail ring nut hole, and then twist the standard bolt into the steering nail ring bolt hole; The inner and outer surfaces of the upper steering nail ring sleeved on the outer surface of the upper flange are both coaxial conical surfaces with the outer surface of the conical mold body. The upper steering nail ring nut hole is located on the lower end surface of the upper steering nail ring, and the opening direction is parallel to the generatrix direction of the outer surface; the upper steering nail ring bolt hole is located on the outer surface of the upper steering nail ring, and the opening direction is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the outer surface of the upper steering nail ring; The outer surface of the lower steering nail ring sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical barrel section of the conical mold body is a coaxial cone with the outer surface of the conical mold body; the inner surface of the lower steering nail ring is a coaxial cylinder with the cylindrical barrel section of the conical mold; the nut hole of the lower steering nail ring is located on the lower end surface of the lower steering nail ring, and the opening direction is parallel to the generatrix direction of the outer surface; the bolt hole of the lower steering nail ring is located on the outer surface of the lower steering nail ring, and the opening direction is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the outer surface of the lower steering nail ring; The upper turning nail ring and the cylindrical section of the conical mold body need to have sufficient length for subsequent vacuum induction operations; The number, spacing, and distance from the edge of the steering pin bolt holes are designed according to the grid structure that needs to be formed.

[0007] When the above-mentioned mold is in use, first, the rotating shaft is passed through the upper clamping block, the upper flange, the conical mold body, the lower flange, and the lower clamping block, and the upper flange, the conical mold body, and the lower flange are clamped by fixing the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block; then the silicone membrane is put on the outside of the conical mold body, and finally the upper steering nail ring is put on the outside of the upper flange, and the lower steering nail ring is put on the outside of the cylindrical section of the conical mold; the upper steering nail ring and the lower steering nail ring are tightened by the tension of the dry wire; and then the grid is prepared.

[0008] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a mold and method for manufacturing a composite material grid cone by a fiber winding process, which has the following advantages over the existing technology: 1. The manufacturing of conical composite grid structure was realized; 2. Separate mold design makes the mold lighter, easier to install and operate; 3. The split design of the upper turning nail ring and the upper flange facilitates demoulding and can ensure the integrity of the composite grille cone and its mold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a mold for manufacturing a composite material grid cone by a filament winding process according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a mold for manufacturing a composite material grid cone by a filament winding process according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a conical mold in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper steering nail ring in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower steering nail ring in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper flange structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower flange structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the silicone soft film in an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1-conical mold body, 2-upper steering nail ring, 3-lower steering nail ring, 4-upper flange, 5-lower flange, 6-upper clamping block, 7-lower clamping block, 8-rotating shaft, 9-silicone mold, 10-first positioning boss, 11-first positioning groove, 12-second positioning boss, 13-second positioning groove, 14-upper steering nail ring nut hole, 15-upper steering nail ring bolt hole, 16-lower steering nail ring nut hole, 17-lower steering nail ring bolt hole, 18-conical mold body conical cylinder section, 19-conical mold body cylindrical cylinder section, 20-second positioning ring, 21-upper flange conical cylinder section, 22-first positioning ring, 23-grating groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: like Figure 1-2 As shown, a mold for manufacturing a composite material grid cone by a fiber winding process includes: a conical mold body 1, an upper steering nail ring 2, a lower steering nail ring 3, an upper flange 4, a lower flange 5, an upper clamping block 6, a lower clamping block 7, a rotating shaft 8, and a silicone soft film 9; the conical mold body 1, the upper flange 4, and the silicone mold 9 are all conical.

[0011] The conical mold body 1 comprises an upper conical mold body conical barrel section 18, a lower conical mold body cylindrical barrel section 19, and a second positioning ring 20; the upper surface of the second positioning ring 20 is perpendicular to the outer surface of the conical mold cylindrical barrel section 19, and the angle between the lower surface and the plumb bob direction is 45°, which is convenient for manufacturing using a melt extrusion process; the second positioning ring 20 is located at the connection between the conical mold body conical barrel section 18 and the conical mold body cylindrical barrel section 19; the silicone mold 9 is located on the outer surface of the conical mold body conical barrel section 18; The upper flange 4 includes an upper flange conical cylinder section 21 and a first positioning ring 22. The first positioning ring 22 is located at the bottom of the upper flange conical cylinder section 21. The lower side of the first positioning ring 22 is perpendicular to the outer surface of the conical mold body conical cylinder section 18. During installation, the first positioning ring 22 and the second positioning ring 20 clamp and position the silicone mold 9.

[0012] A first positioning boss 10 is provided at the bottom of the first positioning ring 22 to provide torque and coaxial positioning. A first positioning groove 11 is provided at the top of the conical mold main body conical barrel section 18 for transmitting torque and coaxial positioning. The first positioning boss 10 is installed in cooperation with the first positioning groove 11; a second positioning boss 12 is provided at the bottom of the conical mold main body cylindrical barrel section 19 for transmitting torque and coaxial positioning. A second positioning groove 13 is provided at the lower flange 5 to provide torque and coaxial positioning. The second positioning boss 12 is installed in cooperation with the second positioning groove 13.

[0013] The upper steering nail ring 2 is sleeved on the outside of the upper flange 4, and the inner surface and outer surface of the upper steering nail ring 2 are both conical surfaces coaxial with the outer surface of the conical mold body 1; the upper steering nail ring nut holes 14 are evenly arranged on the bottom end of the upper steering nail ring 2 along the circumferential direction, and the opening direction of the upper steering nail ring nut holes 14 is parallel to the generatrix direction of the outer surface of the upper steering nail ring 2; the upper steering nail ring bolt holes 15 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the upper steering nail ring 2 along the circumferential direction, and the opening direction of the upper steering nail ring bolt holes 15 is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the outer surface of the upper steering nail ring 2; the upper steering nail ring bolt holes 15 are opened to penetrate the upper steering nail ring nut holes 14; during installation, first put the steering nail nut into the steering nail ring nut hole, and then twist the steering nail nut into the steering nail ring bolt hole.

[0014] The lower steering nail ring 3 is sleeved on the outside of the conical mold main body cylindrical tube section 19, the outer surface of the lower steering nail ring 3 and the outer surface of the conical mold main body 1 are coaxial conical surfaces, and the inner surface of the lower steering nail ring 3 and the outer surface of the conical mold cylindrical tube section 19 are coaxial cylindrical surfaces; the lower end of the lower steering nail ring 3 is evenly provided with lower steering nail ring nut holes 16 along the circumferential direction, and the opening direction of the lower steering nail ring nut holes 16 is parallel to the generatrix direction of the outer surface of the lower steering nail ring 3; the outer surface of the lower steering nail ring 3 is evenly provided with lower steering nail ring bolt holes 17 along the circumferential direction, and the opening direction of the lower steering nail ring bolt holes 17 is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the outer surface of the lower steering nail ring 3; the lower steering nail ring bolt hole 17 is opened to penetrate the lower steering nail ring nut hole 16; during installation, first put the steering nail nut into the steering nail ring nut hole, and then twist the steering nail nut into the steering nail ring bolt hole.

[0015] The upper clamping block 6 is located at the top of the upper flange 4, the lower clamping block 7 is located at the bottom of the lower flange 5, and the rotating shaft 8 passes through the upper clamping block 6, the upper flange 4, the conical mold body 1, the lower flange 5, and the lower clamping block 7 in sequence; the upper steering nail ring 2 and the conical mold body cylindrical section 19 have sufficient length for the vacuum diversion operation of the resin.

[0016] The upper clamping block 6 and the lower clamping block 7 are made of standard parts, the conical mold body 1, the upper steering nail ring 2, the lower steering nail ring 3, the upper flange 4, and the lower flange 5 are made of 3D printed thermoplastic plastics or multi-axis milling machine processed metal, and the silicone soft film is manufactured using a reverse molding method. In this embodiment, the number of silicone soft molds 9 is four, the grille grooves 23 are orthogonal grilles, and the grille is composed of grille bars in both axial and circumferential directions.

[0017] The upper flange 4 and the conical mold body 1 need to have a certain strength to withstand vacuum pressure; the upper flange 4, the conical mold body 1, the upper steering nail ring 2, and the lower steering nail ring 3 need to have a certain heat resistance to withstand the high temperature curing temperature of the resin. On the premise of meeting the strength required by the process, the conical mold body 1 can adopt the dot matrix filling printing method to reduce weight, enhance the portability of operation, and reduce costs.

[0018] When the above mold is used, the following steps are specifically included: First, the rotating shaft is passed through the upper clamping block 6, the upper flange 4, the conical mold body 1, the lower flange 5, and the lower clamping block 7, and the upper flange 4, the conical mold body 1, and the lower flange 5 are clamped by fixing the upper clamping block 6 and the lower clamping block 7, and then the silicone mold 9 is sleeved on the outside of the conical mold body 1, and the first positioning ring 22 and the second positioning ring 20 clamp and position the silicone mold 9, and finally the upper steering nail ring 2 is sleeved on the outside of the upper flange 4, and the lower steering nail ring 3 is sleeved on the outside of the conical mold body cylindrical tube section 19, and the upper steering nail ring 2 and the lower steering nail ring 3 are tightened by the tension of the dry wire to complete the assembly of the mold; When in use, the continuous fiber thread end is first tied to a turning nail of the upper turning nail ring 2, passes through the grid groove 23 and reaches the lower turning nail ring 3, bypasses the corresponding turning nail and passes through the second grid groove 23, repeats this process until it passes through all axial grid grooves 23, then passes through the last turning nail and winds around the circumferential grid grooves 23 one by one, repeats the above operation until the fiber fills the grid grooves 23; The upper steering nail ring 2 and the cylindrical section 19 of the conical mold body have sufficient length for the vacuum diversion operation of the resin. After the introduced resin completes the high-temperature curing under pressure, the upper clamping block 6 and the lower clamping block 7 are removed, and the steering nails of the upper steering nail ring 2 and the lower steering nail ring 3 are removed. Then the lower steering nail ring 3 is removed from the lower part of the conical mold body 1, and the upper flange 4, the upper steering nail ring 2, the silicone mold 9, and the molding structure are removed from the upper part of the conical mold body 1.

[0019] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mold for manufacturing a composite grid cone by a filament winding process, characterized in that: It includes a conical mold body, an upper flange, a lower flange, a steering nail ring, a silicone mold, and a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft passes through the upper flange, the conical mold body, and the lower flange in sequence; the conical mold body, the steering nail ring, the upper flange, and the lower flange are coaxially matched, and the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively located at the top and the bottom of the conical mold body; the steering nail ring is respectively sleeved on the upper flange and the outer surface of the lower end of the conical mold body, and the soft mold is spliced ​​by one or more plane soft films, which are distributed circumferentially on the outer surface of the conical mold body; the surface of the soft mold is provided with orthogonal grid grooves, and the grid grooves are composed of axial and circumferential grid bars.

2. The mold for manufacturing composite grid cone by filament winding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold comprises an upper pressing block and a lower pressing block, which are respectively located at the top end of the upper flange and the bottom end of the lower flange and are used for pressing the upper flange and the lower flange.

3. The mold for manufacturing composite grid cone by filament winding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical mold body includes an upper conical mold body conical barrel section, a lower conical mold body cylindrical barrel section and a second positioning ring. The second positioning ring is located at the connection between the conical mold body conical barrel section and the conical mold body cylindrical barrel section. The upper surface of the second positioning ring is perpendicular to the outer surface of the conical mold body cylindrical barrel section, and the lower surface has an angle of 45° with the plumb direction.

4. The mold for manufacturing composite material grid cone by filament winding process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper flange includes an upper flange conical cylinder section and a first positioning ring. The first positioning ring is located at the bottom of the upper flange conical cylinder section and cooperates with the second positioning circular ring to position the silicone soft film. A first positioning boss is provided at the bottom of the upper flange conical cylinder section to provide torque transmission and coaxial positioning. A first positioning groove is provided at the top of the conical cylinder section of the conical mold body for torque transmission and coaxial positioning. The first positioning boss cooperates with the first positioning groove.

5. The mold for manufacturing composite material grid cone by filament winding process according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second positioning boss is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical barrel section of the conical mold body for transmitting torque and coaxial positioning, and a second positioning groove is provided on the lower flange to provide torque and coaxial positioning, and the second positioning boss cooperates with the second positioning groove.

6. The mold for manufacturing composite grid cone by filament winding process according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The inner and outer surfaces of the upper steering nail ring sleeved on the outer surface of the upper flange are coaxial conical surfaces with the outer surface of the conical mold body; the upper steering nail ring nut holes are evenly distributed on the lower end surface of the upper steering nail ring in the circumferential direction, and the hole opening direction is parallel to the generatrix direction of the outer surface; the upper steering nail ring bolt holes are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the upper steering nail ring in the circumferential direction, and the hole opening direction is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the outer surface of the upper steering nail ring; the upper steering nail ring bolt holes are opened to pass through the upper steering nail ring nut holes.

7. The mold for manufacturing composite grid cone by filament winding process according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the lower steering nail ring sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical barrel section of the conical mold main body is a coaxial cone with the outer surface of the conical mold main body; the inner surface of the lower steering nail ring is a coaxial cylinder with the cylindrical barrel section of the conical mold; the lower end surface of the lower steering nail ring is evenly distributed with lower steering nail ring nut holes along the circumferential direction, and the hole opening direction is parallel to the generatrix direction of the outer surface; the outer surface of the lower steering nail ring is evenly distributed with lower steering nail ring bolt holes along the circumferential direction, and the hole opening direction is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the outer surface of the lower steering nail ring; the lower steering nail ring bolt holes are opened to penetrate the lower steering nail ring nut holes.

8. The mold for manufacturing composite grid cone by filament winding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering nail ring sleeved on the outer surface of the upper flange and the cylindrical barrel section of the conical mold body have sufficient length for subsequent vacuum induction operations.

9. The mold for manufacturing composite material grid cone by filament winding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number, spacing, and distance of the bolt holes on the steering spike ring from the edge of the steering spike ring are all designed according to the grid structure that needs to be formed.

10. A method for manufacturing a composite grid cone by using the mold according to any one of claims 1 to 9 through a fiber winding process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The rotating shaft is passed through the upper clamping block, the upper flange, the conical mold body, the lower flange, and the lower clamping block, and the upper flange, the conical mold body, and the lower flange are clamped by fixing the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, and then the soft mold is sleeved on the outside of the conical mold body, and the first positioning ring and the second positioning ring clamp and position the soft mold, and finally the upper steering nail ring is sleeved on the outside of the upper flange, and the lower steering nail ring is sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical section of the conical mold body, and the upper steering nail ring and the lower steering nail ring are tightened by the tension of the dry wire to complete the assembly of the mold; When in use, the continuous fiber thread end is first tied to a turning pin of the upper turning pin ring, passes through the grid groove and reaches the lower turning pin ring, bypasses the corresponding turning pin and passes through the second grid groove, repeats this process until it passes through all axial grid grooves, then passes through the last turning pin and winds around the circumferential grid grooves one by one, repeats the above operation until the fiber fills the grid grooves; Sufficient length is left for the upper turning nail ring and the cylindrical section of the conical mold body for the vacuum induction operation of the resin. The grille cone is prepared after the introduced resin is cured under pressure and at high temperature.

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