Preparation method of green and environment-friendly fatty acyl amino acid salt

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a green and environment-friendly fatty acyl amino acid salt, which adopts lipase Novo435 as a catalyst to enable grease, glycerol and amino acid salt to react at 35-70 DEG C so as to realize one-step synthesis of the fatty acyl amino acid salt. The method is free of emission of organic solvents and'three wastes', the atom utilization rate is 100%, and the method is highly environment-friendly. Through mild enzyme catalysis conditions, fatty acid chains with different carbon chain lengths and saturations in the grease are reserved, so that the detergency, the foam performance and the skin feeling of the product are superior to those in the prior art. Meanwhile, the process is simplified, additional separation and purification steps are not needed, and the method is suitable for large-scale production and has the cost advantage. The prepared fatty acyl amino acid salt is yellowish, odorless, low-salt and chlorine-free, is suitable for the field of daily chemicals and personal care, and meets the market requirements with higher requirements on tenderness and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surfactants, and in particular to a method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt. Background Art

[0002] As a new type of green surfactant, fatty acylamino acid salts are widely used in personal care, daily chemical cleaning and other fields. They are favored for their mild and low-irritation properties. Traditionally, the preparation methods of fatty acylamino acid salts mostly use chemical catalysis technology, and typical processes include acyl chloride method, fatty acid anhydride method, etc. Although such methods are mature and have stable output, there are still significant problems in industrial production.

[0003] First, the chemical catalytic method requires higher reaction temperatures and chemical reagents such as strong acids and strong bases, which leads to the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1. Serious environmental pollution: Acid chloride compounds are often used in traditional processes, which will produce a large amount of "three wastes" such as waste water, waste gas and waste residue during the reaction process. The treatment cost is high and the environmental pollution is serious, which does not meet the policy requirements of green chemical industry.

[0005] 2. Product quality issues: Due to the presence of by-products in the reaction, the resulting products usually contain impurities such as high salt and high chlorine. They not only have a strong odor and dark color, but are also highly irritating, affecting the application range of the product.

[0006] 3. Harsh process conditions and low safety: The high temperature and high pressure conditions of chemical catalysis not only increase equipment investment and energy consumption, but also increase operational safety risks, especially in industrial production, chemical reactions under high temperature conditions are potentially dangerous.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the industry has also explored a variety of improvement methods. For example, fatty acylamino acid salts are synthesized by using raw materials that do not contain acyl chlorides, such as fatty acid methyl esters or glycerides, and using alkaline catalysts. However, this type of improved method still faces the following difficulties in practical applications, such as: poor fluidity and difficult process control: This type of non-acyl chloride process is usually solvent-free, has poor reaction fluidity, and has high temperature requirements. It is difficult to achieve efficient low-temperature reactions, resulting in low yields and poor color, which affects industrial applications. There are many product by-products and low purity: In the reaction of fatty acid methyl esters and amino acid salts, the catalytic conditions are difficult to control, the product color is dark, the odor is strong, and there are many impurities, which have an adverse effect on downstream applications. Equipment corrosion and process complexity: High temperature alkaline environment can easily lead to equipment corrosion and increase maintenance costs; at the same time, due to the presence of multiple separation and purification steps, the process flow is complicated, and energy consumption and costs are increased.

[0008] Therefore, how to provide a method for preparing fatty acylamino acid salts that is green, environmentally friendly, mild in process and easy to industrialize has become a technical problem to be solved by the present invention. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a green and environmentally friendly method for preparing fatty acylamino acid salts in view of the defects existing in the above-mentioned prior art, so as to solve the problems of environmental protection, product quality and process difficulties existing in the traditional methods proposed in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1, mixing a fat, a glycerol and an amino acid salt in a molar ratio of 1: (2.0-5.0): (2.0-6.0), stirring and heating to 35-70° C.;

[0013] Step 2, adding lipase Novo435 as a catalyst to the mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of lipase Novo435 to oil is 1:(1000-10000);

[0014] Step 3, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 35-70° C. for 12-24 hours;

[0015] Step 4, after stopping the reaction, adding pure water to the reaction product, stirring until the solution is clear, to obtain a fatty acyl amino acid salt;

[0016] The oil is one or more selected from coconut oil, palm oil, soybean oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil or animal fat; the amino acid salt is one or more selected from sodium glycine, potassium glycine, sodium glutamate, potassium glutamate, sodium alanine, potassium alanine, sodium lysine, potassium lysine, sodium sarcosinate, potassium sarcosinate, sodium taurine or potassium taurine.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the oil contains fatty acid chains with different carbon chain lengths and different saturation levels. The fatty acid chains are completely retained during the reaction, and the obtained fatty acylamino acid salt product contains unsaturated fatty acid chain components.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of the oil, glycerol and amino acid salt is 1:(2.5-4.0):(3.0-5.0), the reaction temperature is 40-55°C, and the reaction time is 15-22 hours.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, the amount of pure water added is 200-500% of the total mass of the reactants, and the product after stirring until clarified is a fatty acylamino acid salt solution with a concentration of 30%.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, the catalyst lipase Novo435 is added in an amount of 0.005-0.1% of the total mass of the reactants.

[0021] A fatty acylamino acid salt product having the following characteristics:

[0022] Slightly yellow, odorless, low in salt and chlorine-free;

[0023] Retain fatty acid chains of different carbon chain lengths, with good detergency and foaming properties;

[0024] Contains no organic solvents or chlorinated by-products.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention, it is applied to daily chemical products, cleaning products, cosmetics, personal care products and detergents.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. Green catalysis and low-temperature process, environmentally friendly: The present invention uses lipase Novo435 to catalyze the synthesis of fatty acylamino acid salts at a low temperature of 35-70°C, avoiding the energy consumption and pollution problems in traditional high-temperature chemical reactions. The enzyme catalytic system not only reacts mildly at low temperatures, but also has no organic solvents and "three wastes" emissions, fully realizing environmentally friendly production and more in line with the requirements of sustainable development.

[0028] 2. Multi-carbon chain fatty acids are retained, and functions are significantly improved: The unique enzyme catalysis technology in this method allows the fatty acid chains of different lengths and saturations in the oil to be completely retained, and the obtained fatty acyl amino acid salt products show significant performance advantages in detergency, foam richness and skin feel. This feature enables the product to have a wider range of applications in the fields of cleaning, daily chemicals and personal care.

[0029] 3. One-step simplified process: The preparation method of the present invention realizes a one-step reaction without the need for additional separation, purification or post-processing steps, simplifies the process flow, reduces production costs, facilitates rapid production by small and medium-sized enterprises, has a high conversion rate and stable product quality, and greatly improves the economic benefits and reliability of industrial production.

[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) diagram of sodium cocoyl glycinate in the prior art.

[0033] Figure 2 HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) diagram of sodium cocoyl glycinate prepared by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the reaction mechanism of the fatty acylamino acid salt of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1 —3. In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0037] Step 1, mixing a fat, a glycerol and an amino acid salt in a molar ratio of 1: (2.0-5.0): (2.0-6.0), stirring and heating to 35-70° C.;

[0038] Step 2, adding lipase Novo435 as a catalyst to the mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of lipase Novo435 to oil is 1:(1000-10000);

[0039] Step 3, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 35-70° C. for 12-24 hours;

[0040] Step 4, after stopping the reaction, adding pure water to the reaction product, stirring until the solution is clear, to obtain a fatty acyl amino acid salt;

[0041] The oil is one or more selected from coconut oil, palm oil, soybean oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil or animal fat; the amino acid salt is one or more selected from sodium glycine, potassium glycine, sodium glutamate, potassium glutamate, sodium alanine, potassium alanine, sodium lysine, potassium lysine, sodium sarcosinate, potassium sarcosinate, sodium taurine or potassium taurine.

[0042] As a further scheme of the present invention, the oil contains fatty acid chains of different carbon chain lengths and different saturation degrees, and the fatty acid chains are completely retained during the reaction, and the obtained fatty acylamino acid salt product contains unsaturated fatty acid chain components; at the same time, the method selects glycerol, oil and amino acid salt as the only raw materials, and reacts under mild conditions of enzyme catalysis, so that all atoms in the reaction are converted into the final product without forming any by-products or waste, thereby achieving 100% atomic utilization. This is due to the high selectivity of enzyme catalysis. Lipase Novo435, as a biocatalyst, only converts the ester bond in the oil into an amide bond without introducing additional reactants or catalyst decomposition products. At the same time, the clarification process after the reaction is only diluted with pure water to directly obtain the required fatty acylamino acid salt solution without further separation and purification steps. Therefore, all the reaction raw materials directly become the final product, completely avoiding the problem of "three wastes" discharge in traditional processes, ensuring the green environmental protection and efficient use of resources of the process.

[0043] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of the oil, glycerol and amino acid salt is 1:(2.5-4.0):(3.0-5.0), the reaction temperature is 40-55°C, and the reaction time is 15-22 hours.

[0044] As a further solution of the present invention, the amount of pure water added is 200-500% of the total mass of the reactants, and the product after stirring until clarified is a fatty acylamino acid salt solution with a concentration of 30%.

[0045] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst lipase Novo435 is added in an amount of 0.005-0.1% of the total mass of the reactants; and, see Figure 3 The reaction mechanism of fatty acyl amino acid salts, Figure 3 In the synthetic route, R1, R2, and R3 represent fatty acid chains of different lengths, saturated or unsaturated in oils and fats, R4 represents side chain groups of different amino acids, and M in the reaction equation is defined as sodium or potassium. Reaction mechanism: Oils and fats (triglycerides) and amino acids undergo an ester-amide exchange reaction under the catalysis of lipase, directly converting the ester bond of the oils and fats into an amide bond, thereby obtaining the target product, fatty acylamino acid salt.

[0046] A fatty acylamino acid salt product having the following characteristics:

[0047] Slightly yellow, odorless, low in salt and chlorine-free;

[0048] Retain fatty acid chains of different carbon chain lengths, with good detergency and foaming properties;

[0049] Contains no organic solvents or chlorinated by-products.

[0050] As a further solution of the present invention, it is applied to daily chemical products, cleaning products, cosmetics, personal care products and detergents.

[0051] Embodiment 1:

[0052] In a 1000mL round-bottom flask, add 100g coconut oil, 75g glycerol, and 95g sodium glycinate, heat to 40℃ and stir for 20 minutes, then add 0.1g lipase Novo435, continue stirring and react at 40℃ for 18 hours, stop the reaction, add 455g pure water, stir until clear, and obtain a slightly yellowish, odorless, clear and transparent liquid, which is 30% sodium cocoyl glycinate solution, with a conversion rate of 92.3%.

[0053] Embodiment 2:

[0054] In a 1000mL round-bottom flask, add 100g coconut oil, 75g glycerol, and 95g sodium glycinate, heat to 40℃ and stir for 20 minutes, then add 0.05g lipase Novo435, continue stirring and reacting at 40℃ for 24 hours, stop the reaction, add 455g pure water, stir until clear, and obtain a slightly yellowish, odorless, clear and transparent liquid, which is 30% sodium cocoyl glycinate solution, with a conversion rate of 87.3%.

[0055] Embodiment 3:

[0056] In a 1000mL round-bottom flask, add 100g of palm oil, 150g of glycerol, and 100g of potassium glycinate, heat to 50℃ and stir for 20 minutes, then add 0.1g of lipase Novo435, continue stirring and react at 45℃ for 22 hours, stop the reaction, add 450g of pure water, stir until clear, and obtain a slightly yellowish, odorless, transparent liquid, which is 30% potassium palmitoylglycinate solution, with a conversion rate of 89.7%.

[0057] Embodiment 4:

[0058] In a 1000mL round-bottom flask, add 100g palm oil, 75g glycerol, and 95g sodium glycinate, heat to 50℃ and stir for 20 minutes, then add 0.1g lipase Novo435, continue stirring and react at 55℃ for 20 hours, stop the reaction, add 455g pure water, stir until clear, and obtain a slightly yellowish, odorless, transparent liquid, which is 30% sodium palmitoyl glycinate solution, with a conversion rate of 90.8%.

[0059] Embodiment 5:

[0060] In a 1000mL round-bottom flask, add 100g of tea seed oil, 75g of glycerol, and 95g of sodium glycinate, heat to 60℃ and stir for 20 minutes, then add 0.08g of lipase Novo435, continue stirring and reacting at 60℃ for 20 hours, stop the reaction, add 450g of pure water, stir until clear, and obtain a slightly yellowish, odorless, transparent liquid, which is 30% sodium tea oil glycinate solution, with a conversion rate of 87.3%.

[0061] Embodiment 6:

[0062] In a 1000mL round-bottom flask, add 100g of coconut oil, 75g of glycerol, and 100g of sodium alanine, heat to 45°C and stir for 20 minutes, then add 0.1g of lipase Novo435, continue stirring and reacting at 45°C for 20 hours, stop the reaction, add 460g of pure water, stir until clear, and obtain a slightly yellowish, odorless, transparent liquid, which is 30% potassium cocoyl alanine solution, with a conversion rate of 87.6%.

[0063] Embodiment 7:

[0064] In a 1000mL round-bottom flask, add 100g rapeseed oil, 75g glycerol, and 120g sodium glutamate, heat to 50℃ and stir for 20 minutes, then add 0.1g lipase Novo435, continue stirring and react at 50℃ for 18 hours, stop the reaction, add 510g pure water, and obtain a slightly yellowish, odorless, transparent liquid, which is a 30% rapeseed oil sodium glutamate solution, with a conversion rate of 92.5%.

[0065] Embodiment 8:

[0066] This embodiment provides a method for preparing fatty acylamino acid salts that is green, environmentally friendly, mild in process and suitable for industrial production, which is particularly suitable for the manufacture of personal care and daily chemical cleaning products, and aims to solve the problems of environmental pollution, insufficient product purity and complex process in traditional preparation methods.

[0067] Specifically, 100g of coconut oil, 75g of glycerol and 95g of sodium glycinate were placed in a 1000mL round-bottom flask and accurately proportioned according to a molar ratio of 1:3:3. The reaction system was heated to 40°C, stirred for 20 minutes to evenly mix the raw materials, and then 0.1g of lipase Novo435 catalyst was added. The reaction was stirred continuously for 18 hours under mild conditions of 40°C. This low-temperature reaction condition effectively avoids the energy waste and environmental pollution caused by high temperature in traditional methods. At the same time, the enzyme catalytic system reacts efficiently and selectively under mild conditions, so that the fatty acid chains are completely retained.

[0068] After the reaction is completed, 455g of pure water is added to the mixture for dilution and stirring until the solution is clear and transparent. This process removes trace impurities by washing with water, without complicated separation and purification steps, and the resulting product is a 30% sodium cocoyl glycinate solution. The final product is a slightly yellow, odorless, transparent liquid, and after testing, its conversion rate reaches 92.3%.

[0069] This implementation method avoids the use of acyl chloride and other organic solvents during the production process, achieving the "three zero emissions" effect of zero wastewater, zero waste gas, and zero waste residue. At the same time, the low-temperature reaction conditions of this method effectively reduce energy consumption, and the high selectivity of enzyme catalysis allows the fatty acid chain components to be completely retained in the product, including fatty acid chains of various lengths and saturations such as C8, C10, C12, C14 and unsaturated C16. This complete fatty acid chain structure brings significant decontamination and foaming properties, making the product suitable for high-efficiency cleaning products, and it is mild and non-irritating in terms of skin feel, and is particularly suitable for sensitive skin care products that require high mildness.

[0070] In addition, this embodiment reduces equipment requirements and maintenance costs by simplifying the process flow, which reflects the economic efficiency of the present invention in industrial applications. Compared with the traditional process, this method not only overcomes the problems of high salt and high chlorine byproducts caused by harsh catalytic conditions in the prior art, but also avoids the defects of dark product color, strong odor and high impurity content, making the product quality more competitive in the market.

[0071] Example: 9:

[0072] This embodiment demonstrates a method for preparing potassium fatty acyl glycinate using palm oil as a raw material under mild conditions, which is suitable for the industrial production of environmentally friendly daily chemical products and personal care products, especially in application scenarios that pursue low irritation and high detergency performance.

[0073] First, 100g of palm oil, 150g of glycerol and 100g of potassium glycinate were placed in a 1000mL round-bottom flask at a molar ratio of 1:3.5:3.5, and the temperature was set to 50°C and stirred for 20 minutes to ensure that the raw materials were uniform. In this step, by selecting potassium glycinate with higher purity as the amino acid salt source, the mildness and decontamination performance of the product were improved, and it is suitable for use in cleaning products with higher skin tolerance requirements.

[0074] Next, 0.1g of lipase Novo435 was added to the mixture as a catalyst, and the reaction was stirred continuously at 50°C for 22 hours. This enzyme catalytic system not only avoids the high-temperature corrosiveness problem of traditional chemical catalysts, but also can selectively convert ester bonds in oils and fats into amide bonds, thereby effectively retaining a variety of fatty acid chains of different lengths in palm oil. In particular, the biocatalytic activity of the enzyme maintains a high conversion rate under mild conditions, greatly reducing the generation of by-products.

[0075] After the reaction is completed, 450g of pure water is added for dilution and stirring until the solution is clear and transparent. This step removes trace residual impurities by washing with pure water without the need for additional chemical treatment, thereby achieving an environmentally friendly process without wastewater, waste gas and waste residue. Finally, a 30% concentration of potassium palmitoylglycine solution is obtained, which is slightly yellow and odorless, and its conversion rate is detected to reach 89.7%.

[0076] This method effectively maintains the natural fatty acid chain structure of palm oil (different chain lengths and saturations from C12 to C18) through low-temperature enzyme catalysis technology, which significantly improves the detergency and foam performance of the product. Its rich foam and mild skin feel are suitable for use in high-end cleaning and personal care products, meeting consumers' demand for mild and effective cleaning. In addition, the simplification and stability of the process also significantly reduce the cost of industrial production.

[0077] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, mixing a fat, a glycerol and an amino acid salt in a molar ratio of 1: (2.0-5.0): (2.0-6.0), stirring and heating to 35-70° C.; Step 2, adding lipase Novo435 as a catalyst to the mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of lipase Novo435 to oil is 1:(1000-10000); Step 3, stirring the reaction at a temperature of 35-70° C. for 12-24 hours; Step 4, after stopping the reaction, adding pure water to the reaction product, stirring until the solution is clear, to obtain a fatty acyl amino acid salt; The oil is one or more selected from coconut oil, palm oil, soybean oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil or animal fat; the amino acid salt is one or more selected from sodium glycine, potassium glycine, sodium glutamate, potassium glutamate, sodium alanine, potassium alanine, sodium lysine, potassium lysine, sodium sarcosinate, potassium sarcosinate, sodium taurine or potassium taurine.

2. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil contains fatty acid chains with different carbon chain lengths and different saturation degrees. The fatty acid chains are completely retained during the reaction, and the obtained fatty acylamino acid salt product contains unsaturated fatty acid chain components.

3. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molar ratio of the oil, glycerol and amino acid salt is 1:(2.5-4.0):(3.0-5.0), the reaction temperature is 40-55° C., and the reaction time is 15-22 hours.

4. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of pure water added is 200-500% of the total mass of the reactants, and the product after stirring until clarified is a fatty acylamino acid salt solution with a concentration of 30%.

5. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The addition amount of the catalyst lipase Novo435 is 0.005-0.1% of the total mass of the reactants.

6. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fatty acylamino acid salts include sodium and potassium salts.

7. A fatty acylamino acid salt product, which is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and has the following characteristics: Slightly yellow, odorless, low in salt and chlorine-free; Retain fatty acid chains of different carbon chain lengths, with good detergency and foaming properties; Contains no organic solvents or chlorinated by-products.

8. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly fatty acylamino acid salt according to claim 7, characterized in that: It is used in daily chemical products, cleaning products, cosmetics, personal care products and detergents.

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