Liquid nitrogen auxiliary laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding processing, and discloses a liquid nitrogen auxiliary laser cladding cooling device with a controllable cooling area, which comprises a rotating assembly, a nozzle adjusting assembly, a cooling assembly and a clamping assembly, the rotating assembly comprises a shell, a first air pipe, blades and an eccentric shaft, the blades are arranged in the shell, one end of the eccentric shaft penetrates into the shell, the blades are fixed to the eccentric shaft, one end of the first air pipe extends into the shell and faces the blades, and the other end of the first air pipe is used for being connected with an external air source. A first gear is connected to the end, away from the side of the shell, of the eccentric shaft through a coupler, and a second gear is connected to the first gear in an engaged mode. The nozzle adjusting assembly comprises a mounting cylinder, a rotating check block is arranged in the second gear, the second gear is fixedly mounted on the rotating check block through a gear shaft sleeve, and the rotating check block is rotationally mounted on the mounting cylinder through a bearing; the cooling device has the advantages of being simple in structure, good in applicability and good in cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area, belonging to the technical field of laser cladding processing. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology has the advantages of rapid formation, rapid cooling, fine grains, uniform structure and good metallurgical bonding, thereby improving the mechanical and chemical properties of the substrate (Reference: Meng Y, Yang Z, Shi Y, et al. Microstructural evolution and enhanced properties of multi-layer TiZrNbCrCo high entropy alloy coatings laser-clad onto Ti–6Al–4V alloy[J]. Intermetallics, 2024, 173: 108407). Therefore, laser cladding is widely used in metallurgy and surface engineering.

[0003] At present, the high heat input in the laser cladding process can lead to problems such as uneven microstructure, coarse grains, reduced hardness and excessive dilution of the cladding, which will lead to poor overall performance of the cladding. Rapid cooling as a refining technology can be used as a means to overcome the above problems (Reference: Zhang H, Mei K, Guo W, et al. Comparative study on microstructures and properties of air-cooled and water-cooled Fe-based plasma arc cladding layers[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023, 23: 1599-1608.). In the preparation of 304 stainless steel laser cladding coatings in water environment, compared with air coatings, water cooling has a higher cooling rate, which will lead to an overall reduction in grain size, a decrease in the number of equiaxed grains, a small amount of lath ferrite in the underwater cladding coating, and an increase in the ferrite content in the track overlap area, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the corrosion resistance of the coating (reference: Fu Y, Guo N, Zhou C, et al. Investigation on in-situ lasercladding coating of the 304 stainless steel in water environment[J]. Journalof Materials Processing Technology, 2021, 289: 116949.). The addition of liquid nitrogen-assisted technology can improve the friction and wear properties of FeCoNiCrNb high-entropy alloy cladding layers (reference: Wang Kaiming, Jiang Fulin, Bu Shanfei, et al. Liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding temperature field simulation and friction and wear performance analysis of cladding layers[J]. Metal Heat Treatment, 2024, 49(06): 239-247.). Therefore, rapid cooling technology has been widely studied in the field of laser cladding and is an important technology to improve the overall performance of materials.

[0004] There are many studies on laser cladding cooling devices. For example, the invention patent with the Chinese patent authorization announcement number CN107685149B provides a method and device for improving the forming quality of thin-walled parts manufactured by laser additive manufacturing. It uses an active cooling system to cool the deposited layer in real time, which can not only effectively solve the problems of thermal stress accumulation cracking caused by the cumulative increase in the temperature of the deposited layer, but also liquid nitrogen cooling can greatly increase the cooling rate and solidification rate of the molten pool, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the microstructure size of the cladding layer and refining the grains. For example, the utility model patent with the Chinese patent authorization announcement number CN219239766U discloses a rapid cooling device for laser cladding, including a workbench, a support rod is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, and a protective shell is fixedly installed on the top of the support rod. It uses a fixed spray at the top to apply liquid nitrogen to the workbench for auxiliary cooling. However, the fixed position cooling method adopted by this cooling device will have problems such as low cooling efficiency and serious waste of liquid nitrogen. For example, the invention patent application with the Chinese patent application publication number CN117187802A discloses a laser cladding nozzle cooling device, including a laser cladding head, a hollow water storage sleeve sleeved on the outer wall of the laser channel on the laser cladding head, a temperature detection sensor installed near the bottom of the laser cladding head, and a water injection plug cover installed on the side wall of the water storage sleeve, and water cooling is used for auxiliary cooling. However, this cooling device has the problem of low cooling efficiency when using water cooling for auxiliary cooling, so the laser cladding technology still has certain limitations in practical applications. Therefore, we propose a liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area. By adjusting the cooling area of ​​the liquid nitrogen gas, the problems that the current cooling device cannot adapt to the complex cooling area needs in the cladding process, the cooling device is complicated, the working efficiency is low, and the device is applicable to a small range of lasers, etc., are solved, so as to achieve better cooling effect and meet the needs of laser cladding to prepare multifunctional gradient composite coatings.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area, comprising a rotating component, a nozzle adjustment component, a cooling component and a clamping component; the rotating component comprises a shell, an air pipe 1, blades and an eccentric shaft, the blades are arranged in the shell, the eccentric shaft is arranged with one end inserted into the shell, the blades are fixed on the eccentric shaft, one end of the air pipe 1 extends into the shell and is arranged toward the blades, the other end of the air pipe 1 is used to connect to an external air source, and a gear 1 is connected to the end of the eccentric shaft away from the shell side by setting a coupling, and a gear 2 is meshed and connected to the gear 1; the nozzle adjustment component comprises a mounting cylinder, a rotating stopper is arranged inside the gear 2, the gear 2 is fixedly mounted on the rotating stopper by setting a gear sleeve, and the rotating stopper is rotatably mounted on the mounting cylinder by setting a bearing.

[0007] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the shaft wall of the installation cylinder, the groove is arranged around the installation cylinder, and a limiting block slidably connected to the groove is provided on the inner wall of the rotating stopper.

[0008] Furthermore, the center angle of the groove is 180°.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling assembly includes an inner shaft of the nozzle, and the top of the inner shaft of the nozzle is hinged with multiple telescopic rods by setting a hinge. The bottom of the rotating block is also fixedly sleeved with a connecting sleeve, and an adjusting cylinder arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the telescopic rod is arranged inside the connecting sleeve. The top of each telescopic rod is inserted into the connecting sleeve and connected with the telescopic end of the corresponding adjusting cylinder. The outer fixed sleeve of the inner shaft of the nozzle is provided with an outer shaft of the nozzle, and a liquid nitrogen channel is reserved between the outer shaft of the nozzle and the inner shaft of the nozzle. An air pipe 2 is also arranged on the outer wall of the outer shaft of the nozzle, one end of which is extended into the liquid nitrogen channel, and the other end of the air pipe 2 is used to connect an external air source. An outlet sleeve shaft is also installed at the bottom of the outer shaft of the nozzle, and a liquid nitrogen space is opened inside the outlet sleeve shaft. A through hole is also opened on the outer wall of the outer shaft of the nozzle, and the through hole can connect the liquid nitrogen space and the liquid nitrogen channel together. The outlet sleeve shaft is also provided with a liquid nitrogen outlet for connecting the liquid nitrogen space with the outside.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the telescopic rods is four, and the four telescopic rods are distributed on the top of the inner axis of the nozzle in a circular array with the center line of the inner axis of the nozzle as the array center.

[0011] Furthermore, an air pipe three for providing an air source for the regulating cylinder is also provided in the connecting sleeve. The air pipe three and the regulating cylinder are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The end of the air pipe three close to the regulating cylinder is connected to the regulating cylinder, and the end of the air pipe three away from the regulating cylinder is extended to the outside of the connecting sleeve. The extended end of the air pipe three is used to connect to an external air source.

[0012] Furthermore, the center angle of the liquid nitrogen outlet is 270°.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a connecting seat arranged on the top surface of the mounting tube, an adjusting groove is opened on the top surface of the mounting tube, an adjusting block slidably connected to the adjusting groove is arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat, a clamping screw is also arranged at the bottom position of the mounting tube, the clamping screw is threadedly connected to the adjusting groove and is clamped with the adjusting block, and symmetrical mounting blocks are also arranged on the top surface of the connecting seat, screws are fixedly arranged on the mounting blocks on both sides, the screws on both sides are arranged to penetrate the corresponding side mounting blocks, and threaded sleeves are threadedly connected to the ends of the screws on both sides that are close to each other.

[0014] In the second aspect, the present invention provides a laser cladding device, including the aforementioned liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area, and also includes a working platform, a robotic arm and a control system arranged on one side of the working platform, a laser transmitting head is arranged on the end of the robotic arm, the cooling device can be fixedly installed on the laser transmitting head by using a clamping assembly, and the control system electrically connects the robotic arm and the laser transmitting head respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, a liquid nitrogen tank is provided on one side of the work platform, and the liquid nitrogen tank is connected with air pipe one, air pipe two and air pipe three respectively through the arrangement of liquid nitrogen pipelines, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on the liquid nitrogen pipeline, which can respectively control the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank and air pipe one, the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank and air pipe two, and the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank and air pipe three, and the control system is also electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention sets a rotating component and a nozzle adjustment component. When used later, the rotating component cooperates with the nozzle adjustment component to drive the outlet sleeve shaft in the cooling component to rotate. The outlet sleeve shaft is a component that emits laser. After the outlet sleeve shaft rotates, the laser emitted by it can also rotate, thereby adapting to the laser reversal without rotation of the laser transmitting head clamped by the robot arm, meeting the needs of rapid cooling of laser cladding under complex nozzle paths. Compared with the prior art, it has the advantages of simple structure, good applicability and good cooling effect.

[0017] 2. The present invention sets up components such as a telescopic rod, a connecting sleeve, and an adjusting cylinder, and controls the operation of the adjusting cylinder to make the telescopic rod perform a corresponding telescopic movement, that is, the angle of the inner axis of the nozzle can be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the subsequent laser emission angle, so as to adapt to the cooling requirements of different areas in the laser cladding process and the needs of complex working conditions such as tilting. Compared with the prior art, it has the advantage of good applicability.

[0018] 3. The present invention sets a clamping assembly, which can adjust the distance between the connecting seat and the mounting tube, that is, can adjust the length of the laser transmitter head extending therein, so that the laser transmitter head can smoothly reach the outlet sleeve shaft position, and can adapt to laser transmitter heads of different lengths. By adjusting the spacing between the threaded sleeves on both sides, the cooling device can be installed on laser transmitter heads of different widths. Compared with the prior art, it can adapt to different lasers and meet different working environments, and has the advantage of good practicality.

[0019] 4. The present invention sets the external gas sources connected to the air pipes 1, 2 and 3 as liquid nitrogen tanks, so that the nozzle adjustment component, the rotating component and the cooling component are all driven by liquid nitrogen gas, which can make the device simpler and more compact and reduce the production cost.

[0020] 5. The present invention sets the center angle of the liquid nitrogen outlet to 270°, which not only reduces the influence of the cooling process on the laser cladding process, but also ensures the cooling of the workpiece, thereby having a good cooling effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1. Rotating assembly; 2. Nozzle adjustment assembly; 3. Cooling assembly; 4. Clamping assembly; 5. Shell; 6. Air pipe 1; 7. Blade; 8. Eccentric shaft; 9. Coupling; 10. Gear 1; 11. Gear 2; 12. Mounting cylinder; 13. Rotating stopper; 14. Gear sleeve; 15. Bearing; 16. Groove; 17. Limiting block; 18. Inner shaft of nozzle; 19. Telescopic rod; 20. Adjusting cylinder; 21. Outer shaft of nozzle; 22. Liquid nitrogen channel; 23. Air pipe 2; 24. Outlet sleeve shaft; 25. Liquid nitrogen space; 26. Through hole; 27. Liquid nitrogen outlet; 28. Air pipe three; 29. ​​Connecting seat; 30. Adjusting groove; 31. Adjusting block; 32. Pressing screw; 33. Mounting block; 34. Screw; 35. Threaded sleeve; 36. Cooling device; 37. Working platform; 38. Robotic arm; 39. Control system; 40. Laser transmitter; 41. Liquid nitrogen tank; 42. Solenoid valve; 43. Hinge; 44. Connecting sleeve; 45. Liquid nitrogen pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 and 2 The present invention provides a rapid cooling device for liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding preparation, comprising a rotating assembly 1, a nozzle adjustment assembly 2, a cooling assembly 3 and a clamping assembly 4. The rotating assembly 1 comprises a shell 5, an air pipe 6, a blade 7 and an eccentric shaft 8, wherein the blade 7 is arranged in the shell 5, and the eccentric shaft 8 is arranged with one end thereof penetrating into the shell 5, and the eccentric shaft 8 is eccentrically arranged with the shell 5. The blade 7 is fixed on the eccentric shaft 8, one end of the air pipe 6 is extended into the shell 5 and arranged toward the blade 7, and the other end of the air pipe 6 is used to connect an external gas source, and the external gas source can deliver gas to the blade 7 through the air pipe 6, and the gas delivered by the air pipe 6 can push the blade 7 to drive the eccentric shaft 8 to rotate in the shell 5. In order to facilitate the subsequent work, there are two air pipes 6, and the pushing direction of the gas delivered by the two air pipes 6 on the blade 7 is set in the opposite direction. The end of the eccentric shaft 8 away from the housing 5 is connected to a gear 10 through a coupling 9, and the gear 10 is meshed with a gear 2 11. When the eccentric shaft 8 starts to rotate, the gear 10 will rotate with the coupling 9, and can also drive the gear 2 11 to rotate with it.

[0025] The nozzle adjustment assembly 2 includes a mounting cylinder 12, a rotating block 13 is arranged inside the gear 11, the rotating block 13 is coaxially arranged with the gear 11, the gear 11 is fixedly mounted on the rotating block 13 by setting a gear sleeve 14, and the gear 11 can drive the rotating block 13 to rotate after rotating. The rotating block 13 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting cylinder 12, the rotating block 13 is coaxially arranged with the mounting cylinder 12, and the rotating block 13 is rotatably mounted on the mounting cylinder 12 by setting a bearing 15. A groove 16 is opened on the shaft wall of the mounting cylinder 12, and the groove 16 is arranged around the mounting cylinder 12. The center angle of the groove 16 can be set according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the center angle of the groove 16 is 180°, so as to facilitate the subsequent laser reversing work. A limiting block 17 slidably connected to the groove 16 is provided on the inner wall of the rotating stopper 13. The setting of the limiting block 17 makes the rotating block 13 follow the trajectory of the groove 16 when rotating around the mounting tube 12, that is, the rotation angle of the rotating stopper 13 is 180°. The groove 16 cooperates with the setting of the limiting block 17 to limit the rotation angle of the rotating stopper 13.

[0026] The cooling assembly 3 includes a nozzle inner shaft 18, which is coaxially arranged with the mounting tube 12. The top of the nozzle inner shaft 18 is hinged with a plurality of telescopic rods 19 by setting a hinge 43. The number of telescopic rods 19 can be determined according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the number of telescopic rods 19 is four, and the four telescopic rods 19 are distributed in a circular array at the top of the nozzle inner shaft 18 with the center line of the nozzle inner shaft 18 as the array center. A connecting sleeve 44 is also fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the rotating block 13, and the connecting sleeve 44 is coaxially arranged with the rotating block 13. The connecting sleeve 44 is provided with an adjusting cylinder 20 corresponding to the telescopic rod 19. The top of each telescopic rod 19 is inserted into the connecting sleeve 44 and connected to the telescopic end of the corresponding adjusting cylinder 20. The outer fixed sleeve of the nozzle inner shaft 18 is provided with a nozzle outer shaft 21, which is coaxially arranged with the nozzle inner shaft 18, and a liquid nitrogen channel 22 is left between the nozzle outer shaft 21 and the nozzle inner shaft 18. A second air pipe 23 is also provided on the outer wall of the nozzle outer shaft 21, and one end of the second air pipe 23 is extended into the liquid nitrogen channel 22, and the other end of the second air pipe 23 is used to connect an external air source. An outlet sleeve shaft 24 is also installed at the bottom of the nozzle outer shaft 21, and the outlet sleeve shaft 24 is coaxially arranged with the nozzle outer shaft 21. A liquid nitrogen space 25 is opened inside the outlet sleeve shaft 24, and a through hole 26 is also opened on the outer wall of the nozzle outer shaft 21. The through hole 26 can connect the liquid nitrogen space 25 and the liquid nitrogen channel 22 together, and a liquid nitrogen outlet 27 for connecting the liquid nitrogen space 25 with the outside is also opened on the outlet sleeve shaft 24. Considering that the top of the molten pool in the subsequent laser cladding process can be approximately regarded as a circle, in order to reduce the impact on the laser cladding process, the cooling influence area is selected to be 270°, that is, in this embodiment, the center angle of the liquid nitrogen outlet 27 is selected to be 270°.

[0027] The clamping assembly 4 includes a connection seat 29 disposed on the top surface of the installation tube 12, an adjustment groove 30 is provided on the top surface of the installation tube 12, and an adjustment block 31 slidably connected to the adjustment groove 30 is provided at the bottom of the connection seat 29. The distance between the connection seat 29 and the installation tube 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjustment block 31 inserted into the adjustment groove 30. A clamping screw 32 is also provided at the bottom position of the installation tube 12. The clamping screw 32 is threadedly connected to the adjustment groove 30 and is clamped with the adjustment block 31, so that the position of the connection seat 29 is limited by clamping the adjustment block 31 after the distance between the connection seat 29 and the installation tube 12 is adjusted. A symmetrically arranged mounting block 33 is also provided on the top surface of the connecting seat 29, and screws 34 are fixedly provided on the mounting blocks 33 on both sides. The screws 34 on both sides are arranged to penetrate the corresponding side mounting blocks 33, and threaded sleeves 35 are threadedly connected on the ends of the screws 34 on both sides that are close to each other. The threaded sleeves 35 on both sides can change the distance between each other by rotating on the screws 34 on both sides to achieve the required clamping work.

[0028] To ensure the normal operation of the regulating cylinder 20, an air pipe 3 28 for providing an air source for the regulating cylinder 20 is also provided in the connecting sleeve 44. The air pipe 3 28 and the regulating cylinder 20 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The end of the air pipe 3 28 close to the regulating cylinder 20 is connected to the regulating cylinder 20, and the end of the air pipe 3 28 away from the regulating cylinder 20 is extended to the outside of the connecting sleeve 44. The extended end of the air pipe 3 28 is used to connect to an external air source.

[0029] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment provides a laser cladding device, including a cooling device for liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding preparation provided in embodiment 1, and also includes a working platform 37, a robotic arm 38 and a control system 39 arranged on one side of the working platform 37, a laser transmitting head 40 is arranged on the end of the robotic arm 38, and the cooling device 36 can be fixedly installed on the laser transmitting head 40 by using a clamping assembly 4.

[0030] A liquid nitrogen tank 41 is also provided on one side of the working platform 37. The liquid nitrogen tank 41 is connected to the air pipe 1 6, the air pipe 2 23 and the air pipe 3 28 respectively through a liquid nitrogen pipeline 45. The liquid nitrogen pipeline 45 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 42 which can respectively control the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank 41 and the air pipe 1 6, the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank 41 and the air pipe 2 23 and the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank 41 and the air pipe 3 28. The control system 39 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve 42, the robotic arm 38 and the laser transmitter head 40 respectively.

[0031] When this embodiment is used specifically: First, insert the laser transmitter head 40 into the mounting tube 12, and then adjust the horizontal position of the connecting seat 29 to adjust the specific length of the laser transmitter head 40 extending into the mounting tube 12, so that the laser transmitter head 40 can reach the position of the outlet sleeve 24, and then fix the connecting seat 29 to the mounting tube 12 by using the clamping screw 32, and then clamp the laser transmitter head 40 by using the threaded sleeves 35 on both sides, that is, the cooling device 36 can be fixed to the laser transmitter head 40. At this time, the laser emitted by the laser transmitter head 40 can be emitted outward from the outlet sleeve 24.

[0032] Afterwards, the control system 39 controls the mechanical arm 38 to start working, so that the laser emitting head 40 moves to the top of the working platform 37. Then, the control system 39 controls the electromagnetic valve 42 on the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank 41 and the air pipe 3 28 to be in an open state, so that the liquid nitrogen tank 41 inputs gas to the air pipe 3 28 through the liquid nitrogen pipeline 45, so that the regulating cylinder 20 can start working. It should be noted that the actions of the four regulating cylinders 20 are relatively independent, so that the angle between the nozzle inner shaft 18 and the connecting sleeve 44 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the telescopic rod 19 at the corresponding position. According to the actual laser emission angle requirements, the nozzle inner shaft 18 is adjusted to the corresponding posture.

[0033] Finally, the control system 39 controls the laser emission head 40 to start working. The laser emitted by the laser emission head 40 is emitted outward from the outlet sleeve shaft 24 to the work platform 37, so as to be able to perform laser cladding work on the workpiece on the work platform 37. Since an angle is formed between the inner shaft 18 of the nozzle and the connecting sleeve 44, an angle is also formed between the outer shaft 21 of the nozzle and the outlet sleeve shaft 24 and the connecting sleeve 44. According to the angle of the outlet sleeve shaft 24, the laser emitted by the laser emission head 40 will be refracted in the outlet sleeve shaft 24 to form an angle adapted to the angle of the outlet sleeve shaft 24, so that the laser finally emitted outward from the outlet sleeve shaft 24 is a laser with the required angle.

[0034] During this process, the control system 39 can control the solenoid valve 42 on the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank 41 and the air pipe 6 and the solenoid valve 42 on the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank 41 and the air pipe 2 23 to be in an open state according to actual needs, so that the liquid nitrogen tank 41 inputs gas to the air pipe 1 6 and the air pipe 2 23 through the liquid nitrogen pipeline 45. It should be noted that the opening of the solenoid valves 42 of the two air pipes 6 is independent. When the control system 39 opens the solenoid valve 42 on the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank 41 and the air pipe 6, it is necessary to open the solenoid valve 42 corresponding to the corresponding air pipe 6 according to the direction in which the eccentric shaft 8 needs to rotate. The gas output from the air pipe 1 6 can push the blade 7 to move, thereby driving the eccentric shaft 8, the coupling 9, the gear 1 10, the gear 2 11, and the rotating block 13 to rotate in the corresponding direction in turn. After the rotating block 13 rotates, it can drive the connecting sleeve 44, the telescopic rod 19, the nozzle inner shaft 18, the nozzle outer shaft 21 and the outlet sleeve shaft 24 to rotate in turn, so as to facilitate the laser reversal, so as to adapt to the laser reversal without rotation of the laser transmitting head 40 clamped by the mechanical arm 38, and meet the needs of rapid cooling of laser cladding under complex nozzle paths. The gas output from the air pipe 2 23 enters the liquid nitrogen channel 22, and enters the liquid nitrogen space 25 from the through hole 26, and finally sprays out from the liquid nitrogen outlet 27 to cool the workpiece on the working platform 37.

[0035] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. If various changes or modifications to the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and if these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and equivalent technologies of the present invention, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotating assembly (1), a nozzle adjustment assembly (2), a cooling assembly (3) and a clamping assembly (4); the rotating assembly (1) comprises a housing (5), an air pipe (6), a blade (7) and an eccentric shaft (8); the blade (7) is arranged in the housing (5); the eccentric shaft (8) is arranged with one end thereof penetrating into the housing (5); the blade (7) is fixed on the eccentric shaft (8); one end of the air pipe (6) is extended into the housing (5) and is arranged toward the blade (7); the other end of the air pipe (6) is used for connecting to an external The nozzle adjustment assembly (2) comprises a mounting tube (12), a rotating block (13) is arranged inside the gear second (11), the gear second (11) is fixedly mounted on the rotating block (13) by means of a gear shaft sleeve (14), and the rotating block (13) is rotatably mounted on the mounting tube (12) by means of a bearing (15).

2. The liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove (16) is provided on the shaft wall of the installation cylinder (12), and the groove (16) is arranged around the installation cylinder (12). A limiting block (17) is provided on the inner wall of the rotation stopper (13) and is slidably connected to the groove (16).

3. The liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The center angle of the groove (16) is 180°.

4. The liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly (3) comprises a nozzle inner shaft (18), the top of the nozzle inner shaft (18) is hingedly connected to a plurality of telescopic rods (19) by means of a hinge (43), the bottom of the rotating block (13) is also fixedly sleeved with a connecting sleeve (44), the interior of the connecting sleeve (44) is provided with an adjusting cylinder (20) arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the telescopic rod (19), the top of each telescopic rod (19) is inserted into the connecting sleeve (44) and connected to the telescopic end of the corresponding adjusting cylinder (20), the outer fixed sleeve of the nozzle inner shaft (18) is provided with a nozzle outer shaft (21), and a liquid nitrogen channel (22) is reserved between the nozzle outer shaft (21) and the nozzle inner shaft (18). ), an air pipe (23) is also arranged on the outer wall of the nozzle outer shaft (21), one end of the air pipe (23) is arranged to extend into the liquid nitrogen channel (22), and the other end of the air pipe (23) is used to connect to an external air source, an outlet sleeve (24) is also installed at the bottom of the nozzle outer shaft (21), and a liquid nitrogen space (25) is opened inside the outlet sleeve (24), and a through hole (26) is also opened on the outer wall of the nozzle outer shaft (21), and the through hole (26) can connect the liquid nitrogen space (25) and the liquid nitrogen channel (22) together, and a liquid nitrogen outlet (27) for connecting the liquid nitrogen space (25) with the outside is also opened on the outlet sleeve (24).

5. The liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The number of the telescopic rods (19) is four, and the four telescopic rods (19) are distributed on the top of the nozzle inner shaft (18) in a circular array with the center line of the nozzle inner shaft (18) as the array center.

6. The liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The connecting sleeve (44) is further provided with an air pipe three (28) for providing an air source for the regulating cylinder (20). The air pipe three (28) and the regulating cylinder (20) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The end of the air pipe three (28) close to the regulating cylinder (20) is connected to the regulating cylinder (20), and the end of the air pipe three (28) away from the regulating cylinder (20) is extended to the outside of the connecting sleeve (44). The extended end of the air pipe three (28) is used to connect to an external air source.

7. The liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The center angle of the liquid nitrogen outlet (27) is 270°.

8. The liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (4) comprises a connecting seat (29) arranged on the top surface of the mounting tube (12), an adjusting groove (30) being provided on the top surface of the mounting tube (12), an adjusting block (31) slidably connected to the adjusting groove (30) being provided at the bottom of the connecting seat (29), a clamping screw (32) being threadedly connected to the adjusting groove (30) and being clamped with the adjusting block (31), a symmetrically arranged mounting block (33) being provided on the top surface of the connecting seat (29), screw rods (34) being fixedly arranged on both side mounting blocks (33), the screw rods (34) on both side being arranged to penetrate the corresponding side mounting blocks (33), and threaded sleeves (35) being threadedly connected to the ends of the screw rods (34) on both side being close to each other.

9. A laser cladding device, characterized in that: A liquid nitrogen-assisted laser cladding cooling device with controllable cooling area as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a working platform (37), a mechanical arm (38) and a control system (39) arranged on one side of the working platform (37), a laser emitting head (40) being arranged at the end of the mechanical arm (38), the cooling device (36) being fixedly mounted on the laser emitting head (40) by using a clamping assembly (4), and the control system (39) electrically connecting the mechanical arm (38) and the laser emitting head (40) respectively.

10. A laser cladding device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A liquid nitrogen tank (41) is also provided on one side of the working platform (37). The liquid nitrogen tank (41) is connected to the first air pipe (6), the second air pipe (23) and the third air pipe (28) respectively through a liquid nitrogen pipeline (45). The liquid nitrogen pipeline (45) is provided with a solenoid valve (42) capable of controlling the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank (41) and the first air pipe (6), the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank (41) and the second air pipe (23) and the passage between the liquid nitrogen tank (41) and the third air pipe (28) respectively. The control system (39) is also electrically connected to the solenoid valve (42).

Images