Ultra-low bath ratio polyester cheese dyeing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-low bath ratio polyester cheese dyeing method. The method comprises the following steps: cleaning polyester yarns; introducing the dye solution into a dyeing machine, and adding a penetrating agent, a leveling agent and a dispersing protective agent to prepare a dyeing solution with the pH value of 4-5; winding the cleaned polyester yarns into cheese, putting the cheese into a dyeing solution according to a bath ratio of 1: (2.5-3), and carrying out high-temperature dyeing at 85-130 DEG C; the dispersion protective agent is prepared from the following reaction monomer raw materials through free radical copolymerization in parts by mass: 10-15 parts of unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer; 12 to 16 parts of alkyl methacrylate; 4-6 parts of styrene; and 4-8 parts of a monomer containing a siloxane group. The polyester yarn with excellent dye uptake, color fastness and leveling property can be obtained under the conditions of ultralow bath ratio and high-temperature dyeing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fiber dyeing, and in particular to a method for dyeing ultra-low bath ratio polyester cheese yarn. Background Art

[0002] In the textile dyeing and finishing industry, the ultra-low bath ratio cheese dyeing process, as an innovative technology, is leading the trend of energy conservation, emission reduction and efficient production. The core of this process is to significantly reduce the volume ratio of dye bath to yarn in the traditional dyeing process. The common bath ratios of 1:10 and 1:20 have gradually been replaced by more efficient ultra-low bath ratios of 1:3 or even lower. Ultra-low bath ratio dyeing not only greatly reduces the consumption of water resources and dyes, but also shortens the dyeing cycle and reduces energy costs, which is of great significance to environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0003] The ultra-low bath ratio dyeing process ensures that the limited dye can efficiently and evenly contact and penetrate into every fiber of the cheese yarn by precisely controlling the dye circulation system. Among them, the increase in dyeing temperature is crucial to increasing the penetration rate of the dye into the fiber, which helps the dye molecules to better diffuse and fix in the fiber structure, thereby enhancing the depth and uniformity of dyeing, and improving the color brightness and fastness. Appropriate high temperature conditions can accelerate the dyeing reaction and shorten the processing time, which is an effective means to improve dyeing efficiency and quality.

[0004] However, as the dyeing temperature rises, unstable oligomers in the amorphous region of the polyester fiber structure are prone to precipitation and thermal dissociation. These oligomers will not only aggregate in the dye bath and deposit on the fiber surface and the tube wall, forming difficult-to-remove color spots and adhesion, but in severe cases will even block the dyeing equipment and affect the subsequent processing flow. In addition, the precipitation of oligomers will also interfere with the combination of dye molecules and fibers, resulting in uneven dyeing and reduced color fastness, which directly affects the final quality and aesthetics of the product. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that high temperature in the polyester cheese yarn dyeing process causes the precipitation and thermal decomposition of oligomers in polyester molecules, thereby affecting the dyeing quality, the present application provides an ultra-low bath ratio polyester cheese yarn dyeing method.

[0006] The present application provides a method for dyeing an ultra-low bath ratio polyester cheese yarn, which comprises: Put the polyester yarn into the cleaning solution, add 2-4g / L detergent and 1-3g / L Na2CO3, then heat to 70-85℃ and wash for 10-20 minutes, then wash twice at room temperature; Pass the dye solution into the dyeing machine, add penetrant, leveling agent, dispersing protective agent, and prepare a dyeing solution with a pH of 4 to 5; The cleaned polyester yarn is wound into cheese yarn, and the cheese yarn is placed in a dyeing solution at a bath ratio of 1:2.5-3, and high-temperature dyeing is performed at 85-130°C; The dispersing protective agent is prepared by free radical copolymerization of raw materials containing the following reaction monomers, in parts by mass: 10-15 parts of unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer; 12 to 16 parts of alkyl methacrylate; 4-6 parts of styrene; 4 to 8 parts of monomers containing siloxane groups.

[0007] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer is selected from at least one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and maleic acid.

[0008] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the alkyl methacrylate is at least one of isooctyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, tetradecyl methacrylate or octadecyl methacrylate.

[0009] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the monomer having a siloxane group is at least one of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, methylvinyldimethoxysilane, and methylvinyldiethoxysilane.

[0010] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the winding density of the cheese yarn is 0.4-0.5 g / dm 3 .

[0011] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the main pump circulation mode during cheese dyeing is a one-way circulation of the dye liquid from the inside of the cheese to the outside of the cheese.

[0012] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the leveling agent is styrene phenol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate; more preferably, it is XPO-5 and / or XPO-4.

[0013] It should be noted that the ultra-low bath ratio in the present application refers to a bath ratio not higher than 1:3.

[0014] The dispersing protective agent of the present application can effectively inhibit the deposition of oligomers, reduce problems such as uneven dyeing, decreased dyeing rate, and color spots. Specifically, the dispersing protective agent adopts unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers and alkyl methacrylate as main raw materials through molecular design, so that the obtained polymer product has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts, and its alkyl hydrophobic part has good interaction with polyester oligomers, and this amphiphilic structure can form a stable dispersion with oligomer particles to prevent them from agglomerating into macromolecular particles and depositing.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to improve the high temperature resistance of the dispersion protective agent, the present application uses styrene monomers and monomers containing siloxane groups. Styrene can introduce hard segments into the polymer product, increase rigidity and improve high temperature stability. The siloxane segment has a lower thermal expansion coefficient than the carbon chain. When the temperature rises, the volume change of the siloxane segment is small, which helps to maintain the stability and integrity of the polymer structure.

[0016] Dispersing protective agents can also effectively disperse dye particles, avoid aggregation between dye particles, ensure that the dye is evenly distributed in the dye bath, and improve the uniformity and brightness of dyeing.

[0017] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the high temperature dyeing adopts the following specific operations: Low temperature dyeing: heat up to 85-110℃ at a rate of 2-3℃ / min; High temperature dyeing: After reaching 85-110℃, increase the temperature to 125-130℃ at a rate of 1-2℃ / min, keep warm for 3-5min, drain and cool down.

[0018] When the temperature is between 85℃ and 110℃, the dyeing speed increases rapidly, and the temperature rise rate needs to be controlled; when the temperature is above 110℃, the polymer chain segments in the amorphous region of the polyester fiber move more rapidly, and the micro-voids inside the fiber increase, which helps the dye molecules diffuse into the fiber more quickly, which is beneficial to improve the dyeing rate and dyeing uniformity. However, it will also intensify the precipitation of oligomers in the amorphous region, and the above-mentioned dispersing protective agent needs to be used for high-temperature dyeing.

[0019] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the dye is a disperse dye or a reactive dye.

[0020] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the preparation method of the dispersion protective agent is as follows: Add water, emulsifier and responsive monomer into the reaction vessel and stir evenly; Add the molecular weight regulator and initiator solution, continue stirring and control the temperature at 68-76° C. to carry out free radical copolymerization reaction; after the reaction is completed, cool naturally to obtain the product.

[0021] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the initiator is selected from peroxide initiators; more preferably, benzoyl peroxide, ammonium peroxide or hydrogen peroxide.

[0022] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the added amount of the initiator is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of the reaction monomers.

[0023] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the emulsifier is a non-ionic surfactant.

[0024] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the dosage ratio of the emulsifier to water is 1-3 g:100 mL.

[0025] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the contents of penetrant, leveling agent, and dispersing protective agent in the dyeing liquid are 2-5 g / L, 0.5-2 g / L, and 0.1-1 g / L, respectively.

[0026] In a preferred example of the present application, it can be configured as follows: the molecular weight regulator is selected from at least one of thioglycolic acid, mercaptopropionic acid or mercaptopropanol, isopropanol, and ethanol.

[0027] In a preferred example of the present application, it can be configured as follows: the amount of the molecular weight regulator is 1-2% of the mass of the reaction monomer.

[0028] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the penetrant is sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester.

[0029] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the preparation method of the sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester is as follows: Under ice bath conditions, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester and an acid-binding agent are added to a non-protonic polar solvent, stirred to dissolve, and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride is added dropwise while maintaining the ice bath conditions, and stirred to react for 6 to 8 hours to obtain a reaction product; Ice water is added to the reaction product to precipitate the sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, and the precipitate is purified and dried to obtain the product.

[0030] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the temperature of the ice bath condition is 0°C to 5°C.

[0031] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the aprotic polar solvent is selected from dichloromethane or tetrahydrofuran.

[0032] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the acid binding agent is pyridine or dimethylformamide; it is used to neutralize the generated HCl and maintain the acid-base balance of the reaction system.

[0033] In a preferred example, the present application can be configured as follows: the molar ratio of the polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester to p-toluenesulfonyl chloride is 1:0.9-1.

[0034] The penetrant has a hydrophilic segment at one end and a hydrophobic segment at the other end. This structure enables it to reduce surface tension and increase the affinity of the dye to the fiber, thereby promoting the penetration and diffusion of the dye into the fiber. However, as the dyeing temperature increases, especially the high-temperature dyeing used in this application, the interaction between the hydrophobic segments of the penetrant will be enhanced, exceeding the interaction with water molecules, causing the dispersion protectant molecules to agglomerate and precipitate from the solution, affecting the performance of its function. This application can enhance its affinity with the aqueous solution by having sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, so that it can still be well dispersed in water at higher temperatures and is not easy to form large aggregates.

[0035] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: In the cheese dyeing process of the present application, high temperature dyeing conditions are adopted, and a dispersing protective agent with good high temperature resistance is used, which can combine the polyester oligomers separated and dissociated in the polyester fiber in the high temperature dyeing process and form a stable dispersion, preventing them from agglomerating into macromolecular polymers and depositing on the fiber or bobbin surface, effectively ensuring the dye uptake rate, dyeing uniformity and other indicators. Furthermore, the present application uses sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester as a penetrant, which ensures the penetration of the dye under high temperature conditions, which is conducive to improving the dye uptake rate and dyeing uniformity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Preparation Example

[0036] Preparation Example 1-1 Dispersed protective agent, preparation steps are as follows: Add 600 mL of water and 12 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifier) ​​into the reaction container and stir evenly. Then add 120 g of acrylic acid, 150 g of dodecyl methacrylate, 45 g of styrene and 50 g of methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane in sequence and stir evenly.

[0037] Add 6 g of thioglycolic acid (molecular weight adjustment) and 36 g of a 20 wt % aqueous solution of benzoyl peroxide (initiator solution), continue stirring and control the temperature at 73° C. to carry out a free radical copolymerization reaction, react for 4 h, and naturally cool to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0038] Preparation Example 1-2 Dispersed protective agent, preparation steps are as follows: Add 600 mL of water and 10 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifier) ​​into the reaction container and stir evenly. Then add 100 g of acrylic acid, 160 g of isooctyl methacrylate, 40 g of styrene and 80 g of methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane in sequence and stir evenly.

[0039] Add 6.5 g of thioglycolic acid (molecular weight adjustment) and 40 g of a 20 wt % aqueous solution of benzoyl peroxide (initiator solution), continue stirring and control the temperature at 70° C. to carry out a free radical copolymerization reaction, react for 4 hours, and naturally cool to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0040] Preparation Example 1-3 Dispersed protective agent, preparation steps are as follows: Add 600 mL of water and 16 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifier) ​​into a reaction container and stir evenly. Then add 150 g of acrylic acid, 120 g of dodecyl methacrylate, 60 g of styrene and 40 g of vinyl triethoxysilane in sequence and stir evenly.

[0041] Add 5.6 g of thioglycolic acid (molecular weight adjustment) and 45 g of a 20 wt % aqueous solution of benzoyl peroxide (initiator solution), continue stirring and control the temperature at 73° C. to carry out a free radical copolymerization reaction for 3 h, and naturally cool to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0042] Preparation Example 1-4 The difference between the dispersion protective agent and the preparation example 1-1 is that an equal amount of styrene is used to replace the methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane during the preparation.

[0043] Preparation Example 1-5 The dispersion protective agent is different from that of Preparation Example 1-1 in that an equal amount of methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane is used to replace styrene during preparation.

[0044] Preparation Example 1-6 The difference between the dispersion protective agent and the preparation example 1-1 is that during the preparation, an equal amount of acrylic acid is used to replace the methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane, and an equal amount of dodecyl methacrylate is used to replace styrene.

[0045] Preparation Example 1-7 The dispersion protective agent is different from that of Preparation Example 1-1 in that an equal amount of dodecyl methacrylate is used to replace acrylic acid during preparation.

[0046] Preparation Example 1-8 The dispersion protective agent is different from that of Preparation Example 1-1 in that an equal amount of acrylic acid is used to replace dodecyl methacrylate during preparation.

[0047] Preparation Example 2-1 Sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, the preparation method is as follows: Under ice bath conditions, 63 g of polyethylene glycol stearate and dimethylformamide were added to 300 mL of tetrahydrofuran and stirred to dissolve. 19 g of toluenesulfonyl chloride was added dropwise while maintaining the ice bath conditions. The reaction was stirred for 7 h to obtain a reaction product.

[0048] Ice water is added to the reaction product to precipitate the sulfonated polyethylene glycol stearate; the precipitate is collected and washed with cold water, the precipitate is separated from the solution with a Buchner funnel, and the precipitate is transferred to an oven and dried to a constant weight.

[0049] Preparation Example 2-2 Sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, the preparation method is as follows: Under ice bath conditions, 50 g of polyethylene glycol monooleate and dimethylformamide were added to 300 mL of tetrahydrofuran and stirred to dissolve. 17.5 g of toluenesulfonyl chloride was added dropwise while maintaining the ice bath conditions. The reaction was stirred for 6 hours to obtain a reaction product.

[0050] Ice water is added to the reaction product to precipitate sulfonated polyethylene glycol monooleate; the precipitate is collected and washed with cold water, the precipitate is separated from the solution with a Buchner funnel, and the precipitate is transferred to an oven and dried to constant weight. Example

[0051] Embodiment 1, a method for dyeing ultra-low bath ratio polyester cheese yarn, comprising: Put the polyester yarn into the cleaning solution containing 3g / L detergent (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) and 2g / LNa2CO3, then heat it to 80℃ and wash it for 20 minutes, then wash it twice at room temperature, and dry the polyester yarn.

[0052] 0.3 kg / L of disperse dye solution was passed into a cheese yarn dyeing machine, and the penetrant obtained in Preparation Example 2-1, leveling agent (XPO-5), dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-1 and glacial acetic acid were added to prepare a dyeing solution with a pH of 4-5 and a penetrant, leveling agent and dispersing protective agent content of 3 g / L, 1.0 g / L and 0.5 g / L, respectively.

[0053] The cleaned polyester yarn is wound into a winding density of 0.4 g / dm 3 The cheese yarn is fixed on the bobbin and placed in the dyeing liquid according to the bath ratio of 1:2.5. The temperature is raised to 90℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min; then raised to 125℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min, kept warm for 5 minutes, the dyeing liquid is discharged, and the cheese yarn is taken out for drying to complete the dyeing.

[0054] Embodiment 2, a method for dyeing ultra-low bath ratio polyester cheese yarn, comprising: Put the polyester yarn into the cleaning solution containing 2g / L detergent (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) and 3g / LNa2CO3, then heat it to 85℃ and wash it for 10 minutes, then wash it twice at room temperature, and dry the polyester yarn.

[0055] 0.3 kg / L of disperse dye solution was passed into a cheese yarn dyeing machine, and the penetrant obtained in Preparation Example 2-1, the leveling agent (XPO-5), the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-2 and glacial acetic acid were added to prepare a dyeing solution with a pH of 4-5 and a penetrant, leveling agent and dispersing protective agent content of 4.5 g / L, 0.5 g / L and 0.2 g / L respectively.

[0056] The cleaned polyester yarn is wound into a winding density of 0.4 g / dm 3 The cheese yarn is fixed on the bobbin and placed in the dyeing liquid according to the bath ratio of 1:3. The temperature is raised to 100℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min; then raised to 120℃ at a rate of 1℃ / min, kept warm for 4 minutes, the dyeing liquid is discharged, and the cheese yarn is taken out for drying to complete the dyeing.

[0057] Embodiment 3, a method for dyeing ultra-low bath ratio polyester cheese yarn, comprising: Put the polyester yarn into a cleaning solution containing 1g / L detergent (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) and 3g / L Na2CO3, then heat it to 80°C and wash it for 20 minutes, then wash it twice at room temperature, and dry the polyester yarn.

[0058] 0.3 kg / L of disperse dye solution was passed into a cheese yarn dyeing machine, and the penetrant obtained in Preparation Example 2-2, the leveling agent (XPO-4), the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-3 and glacial acetic acid were added to prepare a dyeing solution with a pH of 4-5 and a penetrant, leveling agent and dispersing protective agent content of 2.0 g / L, 2.0 g / L and 1.0 g / L, respectively.

[0059] The cleaned polyester yarn is wound into a winding density of 0.4 g / dm 3 The cheese yarn is fixed on the bobbin and placed in the dyeing liquid according to the bath ratio of 1:3. The temperature is raised to 100℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min; then raised to 130℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min, kept warm for 3 minutes, the dyeing liquid is discharged, and the cheese yarn is taken out for drying to complete the dyeing.

[0060] Example 4, a method for dyeing polyester cheese yarn with an ultra-low bath ratio, is different from Example 1 in that the sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester obtained in Preparation Example 2-1 is replaced by an equal amount of polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester.

[0061] Example 5, a method for dyeing polyester cheese yarn with an ultra-low bath ratio, is different from Example 3 in that an equal amount of polyethylene glycol monooleate is used to replace the sulfonated polyethylene glycol monooleate obtained in Preparation Example 2-1. Comparative Example

[0062] Comparative Example 1 is a method for dyeing polyester cheese yarn with an ultra-low bath ratio. The difference from Example 1 is that the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-1 is replaced by an equal amount of the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-4.

[0063] Comparative Example 2, a method for dyeing polyester cheese yarn with an ultra-low bath ratio, is different from Example 1 in that the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-1 is replaced by an equal amount of the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-5.

[0064] Comparative Example 3, a method for dyeing polyester cheese yarn with an ultra-low bath ratio, is different from Example 1 in that the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-1 is replaced by an equal amount of the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-6.

[0065] Comparative Example 4, a method for dyeing polyester cheese yarn with an ultra-low bath ratio, is different from Example 1 in that the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-1 is replaced by an equal amount of the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-7.

[0066] Comparative Example 5, a method for dyeing polyester cheese yarn with an ultra-low bath ratio, is different from Example 1 in that the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-1 is replaced by an equal amount of the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-8.

[0067] Comparative Example 6, a method for dyeing polyester cheese yarn with an ultra-low bath ratio, is different from Example 1 in that the dispersing protective agent obtained in Preparation Example 1-1 is replaced by an equal amount of a leveling agent (XPO-5). Performance testing

[0068] Test 1: Dye uptake, tested in accordance with GB / T9337-2009 “Determination of dye uptake of disperse dyes at high temperature”.

[0069] Test 2: Color fastness: the color fastness to washing with soap is determined according to the method of GB / T3921-2008 “Textiles - Tests for Color Fastness - Color Fastness to Washing”.

[0070] Test 3: Level dyeing, using Datacolor 650 tester to test the color difference of any 10 positions of the obtained yarn, and list the maximum color difference △E value.

[0071] Table 1. Performance test results Sample Project Dyeing rate / % Color fastness / grade Maximum color difference △E value Example 1 94 4 0.8 Example 2 91 4 1.0 Example 3 93 4 0.7 Example 4 87 3 1.2 Example 5 89 3～4 1.0 Comparative Example 1 91 3～4 1.4 Comparative Example 2 90 3～4 1.3 Comparative Example 3 88 3～4 1.7 Comparative Example 4 86 3 2.3 Comparative Example 5 84 3 2.2 Comparative Example 6 87 3～4 2.0 Analysis of test results: Combining Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 with Table 1, it can be seen that the present application adopts a high-temperature cheese dyeing process and combines a dispersion protective agent to obtain a polyester yarn having excellent dye uptake, color fastness and dyeing uniformity. It can be seen from Comparative Examples 1 to 5 that unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, alkyl methacrylates, styrene and monomers containing siloxane groups all play an indispensable role in the preparation of the dispersion protective agent.

[0072] Combining Example 1 and Examples 4 to 5 with Table 1, it can be seen that using sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester as a penetrant is beneficial to improving the penetration and diffusion of the dye under high temperature dyeing conditions, improving the dye uptake and color fastness, and also promoting the improvement of level dyeing.

[0073] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for dyeing polyester cheese yarn with ultra-low bath ratio, characterized in that: include: Put the polyester yarn into the cleaning solution, add 2-4g / L detergent and 1-3g / L Na2CO3, then heat to 70-85℃ and wash for 10-20 minutes, then wash twice at room temperature; Pass the dye solution into the dyeing machine, add penetrant, leveling agent, dispersing protective agent, and prepare a dyeing solution with a pH of 4 to 5; The cleaned polyester yarn is wound into cheese yarn, and the cheese yarn is placed in a dyeing solution at a bath ratio of 1:2.5-3, and high-temperature dyeing is performed at 85-130°C; The dispersing protective agent is prepared by free radical copolymerization of raw materials containing the following reaction monomers, in parts by mass: Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer 10-15 parts 12 to 16 parts of alkyl methacrylate; 4-6 parts of styrene; 4 to 8 parts of monomers containing siloxane groups.

2. The dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The alkyl methacrylate is at least one of isooctyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, tetradecyl methacrylate or octadecyl methacrylate. The unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer is at least one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic acid.

3. The dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The monomer having a siloxane group is at least one of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, methylvinyldimethoxysilane and methylvinyldiethoxysilane.

4. The dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The high temperature dyeing adopts the following specific operations: Low temperature dyeing: heat up to 85-110℃ at a rate of 2-3℃ / min; High temperature dyeing: After reaching 85-110℃, increase the temperature to 125-130℃ at a rate of 1-2℃ / min, keep warm for 3-5min, drain and cool down.

5. The dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The leveling agent is styrene phenol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate.

6. The dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the dispersing protective agent is as follows: Add water, emulsifier and responsive monomer into the reaction vessel and stir evenly; Add the molecular weight regulator and initiator solution, continue stirring and control the temperature at 68-76° C. to carry out free radical copolymerization reaction; after the reaction is completed, cool naturally to obtain the product.

7. The dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The contents of the penetrant, leveling agent and dispersing protective agent in the dyeing solution are 2-5 g / L, 0.5-2 g / L and 0.1-1 g / L respectively.

8. The dyeing method according to claim 6, characterized in that The molecular weight regulator is at least one of thioglycolic acid, mercaptopropionic acid, mercaptopropanol, isopropanol and ethanol.

9. The dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The penetrant is sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester.

10. The dyeing method according to claim 9, characterized in that The preparation method of the sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester is as follows: Under ice bath conditions, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester and an acid-binding agent are added to a non-protonic polar solvent, stirred to dissolve, and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride is added dropwise while maintaining the ice bath conditions, and stirred to react for 6 to 8 hours to obtain a reaction product; Ice water is added to the reaction product to precipitate the sulfonated polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, and the precipitate is purified and dried to obtain the product.