A drill bit integrating punching and retreat slotting for soft coal seams

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated drill bit for punching and retreating slotting in soft coal seams while drilling, comprising a punching assembly and a sealing assembly, wherein the punching assembly comprises a drill bit and a tailstock, a water guide pipe 1 being provided at the tail of the drill bit, a water guide pipe 1 being connected to a head seal at the tail of the water guide pipe 1, a water guide hole 1 being provided on the head seal, a water spray hole being provided at the head of the drill bit and communicating with the water guide pipe 1, a manifold being provided in the tailstock, a water inlet pipe being connected to the tail of the manifold, a water guide pipe 2 being connected to the head of the manifold, and the drill bit and the tailstock being connected by a straight rod; the sealing assembly comprises annular sleeves respectively mounted on the water guide pipe 2 and the water guide pipe 1, a sealing bag and a bag filling mechanism for controlling the sealing bag being mounted on the annular sleeves, and a slotting assembly being provided between the two annular sleeves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a drill bit integrating punching-while-drilling and backward-type slotting in soft coal seams. Background Art

[0002] Soft coal seams account for a large proportion of coal seams. Soft coal seams are soft in quality and have poor permeability. Their gas content and gas pressure are often relatively high. This type of coal seam cannot solve the problem of gas outburst during coal mining by relying solely on mine ventilation, and gas extraction is often required.

[0003] Due to the many problems of soft coal seams, such as soft coal quality, poor permeability, and high gas content, coal and gas outbursts are prone to safety accidents during mining. Currently, the main solution to reduce mining accidents in soft coal seams is to extract gas through drilling to reduce gas pressure.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a drill bit with integrated punching and retreat slotting for soft coal seams to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a drill bit with integrated punching and retreat-type slitting for soft coal seams, comprising a punching assembly and a sealing assembly, the punching assembly comprising a drill bit and a tailstock, the tail of the drill bit being provided with a water guide pipe 1, the tail of the water guide pipe 1 being connected to a head seal 1, the head seal 1 being provided with a water guide hole 1, the head of the drill bit being provided with a water spray hole connected to the water guide pipe 1, a manifold being provided in the tailstock, the tail of the manifold being connected to a water inlet pipe, the head of the manifold being connected to a water guide pipe 2, the drill bit and the tailstock being connected by a straight rod; the sealing assembly comprising annular sleeves respectively mounted on the water guide pipe 2 and the water guide pipe 1, the annular sleeves being provided with a sealing bag and a filling mechanism for controlling the sealing bag, and a slitting assembly being provided between the two annular sleeves.

[0006] Furthermore, the slitting assembly includes a fixed sleeve, a fixed sleeve 1, a sliding sleeve 2 and a rotating cylinder. The fixed sleeves are respectively installed on the water pipe 2 and the water pipe 1. A diversion cavity is formed between the axial center hole of the fixed sleeve and the water guide hole 1 on one side of the water pipe 1. The tail of the fixed sleeve 1 is connected to the head of the water pipe 2. The sliding sleeve 1 is provided with a sliding sleeve 1 on the head of the fixed sleeve 1. A flow collection cavity is formed between the sliding sleeve 1 and the fixed sleeve 1. The sliding sleeve 1 is connected to the fixed sleeve on one side of the sliding sleeve by a spring 2. A through hole 4 is provided on the head of the sliding sleeve 1. The sliding sleeve 2 penetrates the sliding sleeve 1. The tail of the cylinder sleeve 2 is connected to the focusing chamber, and the tail end of the sliding sleeve 2 is equipped with a baffle plate covering the outside of the through hole 4. The baffle plate and the tail of the focusing chamber are connected by a spring 3. The head of the sliding sleeve 2 is equipped with a head seal 2. The head seal 2 is slidably connected to the diversion chamber. The head of the head seal 2 is provided with a water guide hole 2, and the water guide hole 2 is in a non-aligned state with the water guide hole 1. The head end and the tail end of the rotating cylinder are respectively rotatably connected to the fixed sleeves on their corresponding sides. A guide fan strip is provided on the inner cylinder wall of the rotating cylinder located outside the sliding sleeve 1, and a slit spray hole is provided on the cylinder wall of the rotating cylinder located at the tail of the guide fan strip.

[0007] Furthermore, the length between the through hole 4 and the fixing sleeve on one side thereof is greater than the axial length of the guide cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixing cylinder sleeve 1 is also provided with a retaining cylinder for limiting the retaining ring disk, and a through hole 7 is provided on the wall of the retaining cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, a through hole six is ​​provided on the wall of the drum at the head of the guide fan bar in the drum, and a one-way valve is installed on the through hole six, which allows the fluid outside the drum to enter the drum.

[0010] Furthermore, a filter is provided at the input end of the one-way valve.

[0011] Furthermore, a fixed sleeve 2 is installed at the tail end of the fixed sleeve 1, and a buffer cavity is formed between the fixed sleeve 2 and the fixed sleeve 1. A plug ring is provided in the buffer cavity, and the plug ring is connected to the tail end of the buffer cavity through a spring 4. A retaining ring block for limiting the plug ring is provided at the head of the buffer cavity, and a through hole 5 is provided on the cylinder wall of the fixed sleeve 2 corresponding to the retaining ring block.

[0012] Furthermore, the filling mechanism includes a radially and coaxially connected accommodating chamber and a column cavity arranged in the ring sleeve, the accommodating chamber is connected to the sealing bag, a plug disc is provided in the accommodating chamber, and the plug disc is connected to the bottom of the column cavity by a spring 1. The ring sleeve is also provided with an axial through hole 2, the head end of through hole 2 is connected to the column cavity, and the fixed sleeve is provided with a through hole 3, the head end of through hole 3 is connected to the tail end of through hole 2, and the tail end of through hole 3 is connected to the cylinder cavity of the rotating cylinder.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides a drill bit with integrated punching and retreat slotting for soft coal seams, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention adopts the structural design of the punching assembly, the sealing assembly and the slitting assembly, so that when punching is required while drilling, it is only necessary to control the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe so that the second head and the first head are in a separated state. At this time, punching can be carried out while drilling. When slitting is required, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe is controlled and increased so that the second head and the first head are in a fitted state. The sealing bag can simultaneously seal the area to be slit, so that the soft coal seam can be slit. When retreating, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe is reduced, and the sealing bag can recover by itself so that the drill can retreat, thereby making the integrated implementation of punching and retreat slitting more efficient and safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a drill bit with integrated punching and retreat slotting for soft coal seams according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drill bit with integrated punching and retreat slotting for soft coal seams according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing assembly of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the slitting assembly of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the punching assembly of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drum of the present invention;

[0021] In the figure: 1. Punching assembly; 2. Sealing assembly; 3. Slitting assembly; 4. Rotating drum; 11. Drill bit; 12. Tailstock; 13. Water inlet pipe; 14. Straight rod; 15. Head 1; 111. Water spray hole; 112. Water guide pipe 1; 121. Manifold; 122. Water guide pipe 2; 151. Water guide hole 1; 21. Ring; 22. Sealing capsule; 23. Filling mechanism; 231. Column cavity; 232. Accommodating cavity; 233. Through hole 2; 234. Plug disk; 235. Spring 1; 31. Fixing sleeve; 32. Fixing sleeve 1; 33. Sliding cylinder Sleeve one; 34, spring two; 35, slide sleeve two; 36, retaining ring plate; 37, head two; 38, spring three; 39, retaining cylinder; 310, fixed sleeve two; 311, through hole three; 312, diversion chamber; 321, focusing chamber; 331, through hole four; 371, water guide hole two; 391, through hole seven; 3101, plug ring; 3102, spring four; 3103, retaining ring block; 3104, through hole five; 3105, buffer chamber; 41, slit spray hole; 42, through hole six; 43, one-way valve; 44, diversion fan strip; 45, filter disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Reference Figures 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a drill bit for punching and slotting in soft coal seams, comprising a punching assembly 1 and a sealing assembly 2, wherein the punching assembly 1 comprises a drill bit 11 and a tailstock 12, wherein the tail of the drill bit 11 is provided with a water pipe 112, the tail of the water pipe 112 is connected to a head 15, and the head 15 is provided with a water hole 151, and the head of the drill bit 11 is provided with a water spray hole 111 connected to the water pipe 112, and the tailstock 1 2 is provided with a manifold 121, the tail of the manifold 121 is connected to the water inlet pipe 13, the head of the manifold 121 is connected to the second water pipe 122, and the drill bit 11 is connected to the tailstock 12 via a straight rod 14; the sealing assembly 2 includes an annular sleeve 21 respectively mounted on the second water pipe 122 and the first water pipe 112, a sealing bag 22 and a bag filling mechanism 23 for controlling the sealing bag 22 are mounted on the annular sleeve 21, and a slit assembly 3 is provided between the two annular sleeves 21;

[0023] Among them, water pipe 1 112 , water pipe 2 122 , head 1 15 , straight rod 14 , drill bit 11 , tailstock 12 and water inlet pipe 13 are all coaxially arranged, and straight rod 14 passes through water pipe 1 112 , head 15 , water pipe 2 122 and manifold 121 .

[0024] In this embodiment, the slitting assembly 3 includes a fixed sleeve 31, a fixed sleeve 32, a sliding sleeve 2 35 and a rotating drum 4. The fixed sleeve 31 is respectively installed on the water pipe 2 122 and the water pipe 1 112. A diversion cavity 312 is formed between the axial center hole of the fixed sleeve 31 on one side of the water pipe 112 and the water guide hole 151. The tail of the fixed sleeve 32 is connected to the head of the water pipe 2 122. The sliding sleeve 33 is provided with a sliding sleeve 33 on the head of the fixed sleeve 32. A flow collecting cavity 321 is formed between the sliding sleeve 33 and the fixed sleeve 32. The sliding sleeve 33 is connected to the fixed sleeve 31 on one side by a spring 2 34. The head of the sliding sleeve 33 is provided with a through hole 4 331. The sliding sleeve 2 35 passes through the sliding sleeve 1 33, the tail end of the second slide sleeve 35 is connected to the focusing chamber 321, and the tail end of the second slide sleeve 35 is installed with a baffle plate 36 covering the outside of the fourth through hole 331. The baffle plate 36 is connected to the tail end of the focusing chamber 321 by a spring 38. The head of the second slide sleeve 35 is installed with a second head 37. The second head 37 is slidably connected to the diversion chamber 312. The head of the second head 37 is provided with a second water guide hole 371, and the second water guide hole 371 is in a non-aligned state with the first water guide hole 151. The head end and the tail end of the rotating drum 4 are respectively rotatably connected to the fixed sleeve 31 on their corresponding sides. A guide fan strip 44 is provided on the inner cylinder wall of the rotating drum 4 located outside the first slide sleeve 33, and a slit spray hole 41 is provided on the cylinder wall of the rotating drum 4 located at the tail end of the guide fan strip 44;

[0025] When the retaining ring disc 36 moves toward the head direction, the retaining cylinder 39 and the retaining ring disc 36 are separated from each other.

[0026] In this embodiment, the length between the through hole 4 331 and the fixed sleeve 31 on one side thereof is greater than the axial length of the guide cavity 312; that is, when the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a fitted state, the pressure is continuously increased, and the slide sleeve 1 33 continues to move toward the head. At this time, the retaining ring plate 36 can be separated from the through hole 4 331; specifically, when the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a separated state, the fluid in the water inlet pipe 13 flows through the manifold 121, the second water guide pipe 122, the flow collecting cavity 321, the second slide sleeve 35, the second water guide hole 371 in sequence. , the guide cavity 312, the water guide hole 151, the water guide pipe 112 and the water spray hole 111 are punched while drilling. When the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a fit state, the water guide hole 151 and the second water guide hole 371 are in a blocked state. The fluid in the water inlet pipe 13 flows through the flow collecting cavity 121, the second water guide pipe 122, the flow collecting cavity 321 and the through hole 4 331 in sequence and enters the barrel cavity of the rotating drum 4. Before the fluid in the barrel cavity of the rotating drum 4 flows out through the slit spray hole 41, it can push the guide fan strip 44, and the guide fan strip 44 can drive the rotating drum 4 to rotate and perform slit.

[0027] In this embodiment, a retaining cylinder 39 for limiting the retaining ring disk 36 is further provided in the fixing cylinder sleeve 1 32 , and a through hole 7 391 is provided on the cylinder wall of the retaining cylinder 39 so as to limit the retaining ring disk 36 .

[0028] In this embodiment, a through hole 6 42 is provided on the wall of the drum 4 at the head of the guide fan strip 44, and a one-way valve 43 is installed on the through hole 6 42. The one-way valve 43 allows the fluid outside the drum 4 to enter the drum 4; specifically, during the cutting process, when the gas in the soft coal seam gushes out, it can flow into the one-way valve 43 under the sealing of the sealing bag 22 and the action of the one-way valve 43, and increase the pressure in the drum 4. Under the drainage of the cutting fracturing fluid, it can be converted into kinetic energy of the driving force of the guide fan strip 44, and at the same time, it can be ejected from the cutting nozzle hole 41, which not only avoids the dangerous situation of gas gushing, but also makes full use of the energy of the gas gushing as the driving energy of the cutting, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the cutting operation.

[0029] In this embodiment, a filter 45 is provided at the input end of the one-way valve 43 to prevent the one-way valve 43 from being blocked.

[0030] In this embodiment, a fixed sleeve 2 310 is installed at the tail end of the fixed sleeve 1 32, and a buffer chamber 3105 is formed between the fixed sleeve 2 310 and the fixed sleeve 1 32, and a plug ring 3101 is provided in the buffer chamber 3105, and the plug ring 3101 is connected to the tail end of the buffer chamber 3105 by a spring 4 3102, and a retaining ring block 3103 for limiting the plug ring 3101 is provided at the head of the buffer chamber 3105, and a through hole 5 3104 is provided on the cylinder wall of the fixed sleeve 2 310 corresponding to the retaining ring block 3103; that is, when gas gushing occurs, for the sudden increase in pressure in the drum 4, the plug ring 3101 in the drum 4 can compress the spring 4 3102, thereby buffering the increased pressure in the drum 4, thereby improving operational safety, and the energy accumulated in the spring 4 3102 can be gradually released as the fluid flow in the drum 4 stabilizes, so that the energy of the gas gushing is fully utilized.

[0031] In this embodiment, the filling mechanism 23 includes a radially and coaxially connected accommodating cavity 232 and a column cavity 231 provided in the ring sleeve 21, the accommodating cavity 232 is connected to the sealing capsule 22, a plug disc 234 is provided in the accommodating cavity 232, the plug disc 234 is connected to the bottom of the column cavity 231 through a spring 235, and the ring sleeve 21 is further provided with an axial through hole 233, the head end of the through hole 233 is connected to the column cavity 231, and the fixing sleeve 31 is provided with a Through hole three 311, the head of through hole three 311 is connected with the tail of through hole two 233, and the tail of through hole three 311 is connected with the barrel cavity of rotating drum 4; that is, when cutting is performed, the fluid entering into rotating drum 4 passes through flow hole three 311, through hole two 233 and column cavity 231 in sequence, thereby pushing plug disc 234 to compress the gas above plug disc 234 in accommodating cavity 232 and enter into sealing bag 22, so that sealing bag 22 seals the wall of drill hole.

[0032] During specific implementation, when punching is required while drilling, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe 13 is controlled so that the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a separated state. At this time, punching can be carried out while drilling. When slitting is required, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe 13 is controlled and increased so that the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a fitted state. At the same time, the sealing bag 22 can seal the slit area and slit the soft coal seam. When retreating, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe 13 is reduced, and the sealing bag 22 can recover by itself so that the drilling can be retreated, thereby making the integrated implementation of punching and retreat slitting more efficient and safer.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill bit with integrated punching and slotting for soft coal seams, comprising a punching assembly (1) and a sealing assembly (2), characterized in that: The punching assembly (1) comprises a drill bit (11) and a tailstock (12); a water pipe (112) is provided at the tail of the drill bit (11); a seal (15) is connected to the tail of the water pipe (112); a water hole (151) is provided on the seal (15); a water spray hole (111) is provided at the head of the drill bit (11) and is communicated with the water pipe (112); a manifold (121) is provided in the tail of the manifold (121); a water inlet pipe is connected to the tail of the manifold (121); (13), the head of the manifold (121) is connected to the water pipe 2 (122), and the drill bit (11) and the tailstock (12) are connected via a straight rod (14); the sealing assembly (2) comprises an annular sleeve (21) respectively mounted on the water pipe 2 (122) and the water pipe 1 (112), a sealing bag (22) and a filling mechanism (23) for controlling the sealing bag (22) are mounted on the annular sleeve (21), and a slit assembly (3) is provided between the two annular sleeves (21); The slit assembly (3) includes a fixed sleeve (31), a fixed sleeve (32), a sliding sleeve (35) and a rotating drum (4). The fixed sleeve (31) is respectively installed on the water pipe (122) and the water pipe (112). A diversion cavity (312) is formed between the axial center hole of the fixed sleeve (31) on one side of the water pipe (112) and the water hole (151). The tail of the fixed sleeve (32) is connected to the head of the water pipe (122). The sliding sleeve of the head of the fixed sleeve (32) is provided with a sliding sleeve (33). A flow collection cavity (321) is formed between the sliding sleeve (33) and the fixed sleeve (32). The sliding sleeve (33) is connected to the fixed sleeve (31) on one side thereof through a spring (34). The head of the sliding sleeve (33) is provided with a through hole (331). The sliding sleeve (35) passes through the sliding sleeve (33) ), the tail of the second slide sleeve (35) is connected to the flow collecting chamber (321), the tail end of the second slide sleeve (35) is installed with a retaining ring (36) covering the outside of the through hole four (331), the retaining ring (36) and the tail of the flow collecting chamber (321) are connected by a spring three (38), the head of the second slide sleeve (35) is installed with a head seal two (37), the head seal two (37) is slidably connected to the guide chamber (312), the head of the head seal two (37) A second water guide hole (371) is provided, and the second water guide hole (371) is in a non-aligned state with the first water guide hole (151). The head end and the tail end of the rotating drum (4) are respectively rotatably connected to the fixed sleeve (31) on the corresponding side. A guide fan strip (44) is provided on the inner wall of the rotating drum (4) outside the sliding sleeve (33). A slit spray hole (41) is provided on the wall of the rotating drum (4) at the tail of the guide fan strip (44).

2. The integrated drill bit for punching and slotting while drilling for soft coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length between the through hole four (331) and the fixed sleeve (31) on one side thereof is greater than the axial length of the guide cavity (312).

3. The integrated drill bit for punching and slotting while drilling for soft coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve (32) is further provided with a retaining sleeve (39) for limiting the retaining ring disk (36), and a through hole (391) is provided on the wall of the retaining sleeve (39).

4. The integrated drill bit for punching and slotting while drilling for soft coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole six (42) is provided on the wall of the drum (4) at the head of the guide fan strip (44), and a one-way valve (43) is installed on the through hole six (42). The one-way valve (43) allows the fluid outside the drum (4) to enter the drum (4).

5. The integrated drill bit for punching and slotting while drilling for soft coal seams according to claim 4, characterized in that: The input end of the one-way valve (43) is provided with a filter (45).

6. The integrated drill bit for punching and slotting while drilling for soft coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail end of the fixed sleeve 1 (32) is provided with a fixed sleeve 2 (310), a buffer chamber (3105) is formed between the fixed sleeve 2 (310) and the fixed sleeve 1 (32), a plug ring (3101) is provided in the buffer chamber (3105), the plug ring (3101) is connected to the tail end of the buffer chamber (3105) through a spring 4 (3102), a retaining ring block (3103) for limiting the plug ring (3101) is provided at the head of the buffer chamber (3105), and a through hole 5 (3104) is provided on the cylinder wall of the fixed sleeve 2 (310) corresponding to the retaining ring block (3103).

7. The integrated drill bit for punching and slotting while drilling for soft coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling mechanism (23) comprises a radially and coaxially connected accommodating cavity (232) and a column cavity (231) arranged in the annular sleeve (21); the accommodating cavity (232) is connected to the sealing sac (22); a plug disc (234) is provided in the accommodating cavity (232); the plug disc (234) is connected to the bottom of the column cavity (231) via a spring (235); an axial through hole (233) is further provided in the annular sleeve (21); the head end of the through hole (233) is connected to the column cavity (231); a through hole (311) is provided in the fixing sleeve (31); the head end of the through hole (311) is connected to the tail end of the through hole (233); and the tail end of the through hole (311) is connected to the cylinder cavity of the rotating cylinder (4).

Images