Pre-combustion chamber structure, ignition device, engine cylinder cover, engine and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-combustion chamber structure, an ignition device, an engine cylinder cover, an engine and a vehicle. The pre-combustion chamber structure comprises a body, a plurality of plugging pieces and a control device. A pre-combustion cavity is defined in the body, a plurality of spray holes are formed in the body, and the pre-combustion cavity is communicated with the outside of the body through the spray holes. The multiple plugging pieces are movably arranged at the multiple spraying holes respectively so as to open and close the multiple spraying holes respectively, the control device is matched with the multiple plugging pieces, and the control device is used for controlling movement of the multiple plugging pieces so as to adjust the opening number of the spraying holes. Therefore, the ignition energy jetted into the main combustion chamber by the structure of the pre-combustion chamber is changed, and on-demand supply of the ignition energy is realized, so that the total discharge energy and discharge time of the spark plug in the operation cycle of the engine can be reduced, the service life of the spark plug is prolonged, and the interval of air inflow when the engine maintains low oil consumption is expanded; and the economic performance of the engine is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to a pre-combustion chamber structure, an ignition device, an engine cylinder head, an engine and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The high-performance ignition system of the engine requires reliability, low cost and minimum energy consumption. However, as the discharge energy and duration of the traditional spark plug ignition system increase, the life of the spark plug is short and the energy efficiency is low. In the prior art, the pre-combustion chamber technology is set as an improved alternative. Its technical feature is that the engine cylinder is divided into a main combustion chamber and a pre-combustion chamber. The spark plug is installed in the pre-combustion chamber. After ignition, the flame in the pre-combustion chamber enters the main combustion chamber through the nozzle and ignites the internal mixture. The jet flame generated by the pre-combustion chamber forms a multi-point ignition effect in the main combustion chamber through multiple nozzles, which can greatly expand the lean combustion limit and improve the stability of flame propagation.

[0003] However, the existing pre-combustion chamber technology only adds two new electrodes to the original spark plug electrodes. By increasing the discharge energy, the combustion temperature in the pre-combustion chamber is slightly increased. However, it still cannot avoid the frequent discharge of the spark plug resulting in high pressure and energy, which can easily cause erosion and oxidation of the electrode. In addition, the pre-combustion chamber technology involves a complex structure and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the first object of the present invention is to provide a pre-combustion chamber structure that can reduce the fuel consumption of the engine and increase the service life of the engine spark plug.

[0005] A second object of the present invention is to provide an ignition device comprising the pre-combustion chamber structure described above.

[0006] A third object of the present invention is to provide an engine cylinder head, comprising the above-mentioned ignition device.

[0007] A fourth objective of the present invention is to provide an engine, comprising the engine cylinder head described above.

[0008] A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle comprising the engine described above.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pre-combustion chamber structure comprises: a main body and a plurality of blocking members, wherein a pre-combustion chamber is defined within the main body, a plurality of spray holes are formed on the main body, the pre-combustion chamber is connected to the outside of the main body through the plurality of spray holes, and the plurality of blocking members are movably disposed at the plurality of spray holes to respectively open and close the plurality of spray holes.

[0010] According to the pre-combustion chamber structure of the embodiment of the present invention, by controlling the sealing member to limit the number of opening and closing of the spray holes, the pre-combustion chamber structure can adjust the number of opening and closing of the spray holes according to the use environment, change the ignition energy of the pre-combustion chamber structure injected into the main combustion chamber under different working conditions, and realize the on-demand supply of ignition energy, thereby reducing the total discharge energy and discharge time of the spark plug during the engine operation cycle, increasing the service life of the spark plug, expanding the range of intake volume when the engine maintains low fuel consumption, and making the engine more economical.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber structure further includes: a control device, the control device cooperates with the plurality of the blocking members, and the control device is used to control the movement of the plurality of the blocking members to adjust the opening number of the spray holes.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control device controls the multiple blocking members to move independently.

[0013] In some embodiments, the control device has a first control state, a second control state and a third control state. In the first control state, the number of opened nozzles is N1, in the second control state, the number of opened nozzles is N2, and in the third control state, the number of opened nozzles is N3, wherein N1, N2, and N3 satisfy: N1≥N2≥N3>0.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of the blocking members are movably disposed in the pre-combustion chamber, and the plurality of the blocking members are movable relative to the body between a closed position and an open position. When the blocking member is located at the closed position, the blocking member blocks the corresponding spray hole to close the spray hole. When the blocking member is located at the open position, the blocking member is separated from the corresponding spray hole to open the spray hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of slide grooves are formed on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber, one end of the plurality of the blocking members is movably engaged in the plurality of the slide grooves, and the other end of the plurality of the blocking members is suitable for opening and closing the plurality of the spray holes.

[0016] In some embodiments, the control device includes: multiple electromagnets and multiple permanent magnets. The multiple electromagnets are respectively arranged in the multiple slide grooves, and the multiple permanent magnets are respectively arranged at the one ends of the multiple blocking parts. When the electromagnet is passed with a first direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet drives the corresponding blocking part to move toward the direction of the electromagnet to open the corresponding spray hole. When the electromagnet is passed with a second direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet drives the corresponding blocking part to move away from the electromagnet to close the corresponding spray hole. The direction of the first direction current is opposite to that of the second direction current.

[0017] In some embodiments, the control device further includes: a plurality of wires, and the plurality of electromagnets are electrically connected to the plurality of wires respectively.

[0018] In some embodiments, a plurality of wire grooves are formed on the main body, the plurality of wire grooves are respectively connected to the plurality of slide grooves, and the plurality of wires are respectively fitted in the plurality of wire grooves.

[0019] In some embodiments, a guide rod is provided in the slide groove, and the one end of the blocking member is movably provided on the guide rod.

[0020] In some embodiments, the body and the guide rod are both made of non-magnetic material.

[0021] In some embodiments, an end surface of the other end of the blocking member is adapted to a shape of an inner wall surface of the body where the spray hole is formed.

[0022] In some embodiments, the plurality of spray holes are located at one end of the body, and an inner wall surface of the one end of the body is formed into an arc surface convex away from the body.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, an ignition device comprises: a pre-combustion chamber structure and a spark plug. The pre-combustion chamber structure is the pre-combustion chamber structure described in any one of the above embodiments, and the spark plug is arranged on the pre-combustion chamber structure.

[0024] In some embodiments, one end of the body of the pre-combustion chamber structure away from the plurality of spray holes of the pre-combustion chamber structure is open, and the spark plug is fitted at the end of the body away from the plurality of spray holes.

[0025] In some embodiments, the spark plug is threadably connected to the body.

[0026] An engine cylinder head according to an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention comprises: a cylinder head body, and an ignition device, wherein the ignition device is the ignition device described in any one of the above embodiments, and the ignition device is arranged on the cylinder head body.

[0027] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber structure of the ignition device is threadedly connected to the cylinder head body.

[0028] In some embodiments, the engine cylinder head further comprises: a gasket, wherein the gasket is disposed between the pre-combustion chamber structure and the cylinder head body.

[0029] An engine according to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present invention comprises an engine cylinder head as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0030] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present invention comprises the engine described in the above embodiment.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 is a partial schematic diagram of an engine cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a spark plug and a pre-combustion chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the assembly of the spark plug and the pre-combustion chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-combustion chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Engine cylinder head; 2. Pre-combustion chamber structure; 3. Main combustion chamber; 4. Spark plug; 5. Cylinder head body; 501. Mounting hole;

[0039] 10. body; 11. pre-combustion chamber; 111. slideway; 12. spray hole; 13. guide wire trough;

[0040] 20. Blocking parts;

[0041] 30. Control device; 31. Electromagnet; 32. Permanent magnet; 33. Wire;

[0042] 40. Guide rod; 50. Gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. Figure 1-Figure 4 The pre-combustion chamber structure 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a main body 10 , a plurality of blocking members 20 , and a control device 30 .

[0044] Specifically, if Figure 1-4As shown, a pre-combustion chamber 11 is defined in the body 10, and a plurality of spray holes 12 are formed on the body 10. The pre-combustion chamber 11 is connected to the outside of the body 10 through the plurality of spray holes 12, and the outside of the body 10 may be the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine. A plurality of blocking members 20 are movably disposed at the plurality of spray holes 12 to open and close the plurality of spray holes 12, respectively.

[0045] In this embodiment, the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 is used on the engine and is arranged between the spark plug 4 and the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine. The pre-combustion chamber structure 2 is arranged at one end of the spark plug 4 facing the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine, and the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 is connected to the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine. The mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine enters the pre-combustion chamber 11 through the spray hole 12, and the concentration of the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 11 is the same as the concentration of the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3. When the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber is ignited, the flame in the pre-combustion chamber enters the main combustion chamber 3 through the spray hole 12 to ignite the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 to provide power for the piston movement in the engine cylinder. Among them, multiple blocking members 20 are arranged in the pre-combustion chamber, and can move toward and away from the spray hole 12 in the pre-combustion chamber, thereby opening and closing the spray hole 12 to achieve the regulation of the opening and closing of multiple spray holes 12.

[0046] According to the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 of the embodiment of the present invention, by controlling the sealing member 20 to limit the number of opening and closing of the spray holes 12, the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 can adjust the number of opening and closing of the spray holes 12 according to the use environment, change the ignition energy of the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 injected into the main combustion chamber 3 under different working conditions, and realize the on-demand supply of ignition energy, thereby reducing the total discharge energy and discharge time of the spark plug 4 during the engine operation cycle, increasing the service life of the spark plug 4, expanding the range of the intake volume when the engine maintains low fuel consumption, and making the engine more economical.

[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the control device 30 cooperates with the plurality of blocking members 20, and the control device 30 is used to control the movement of the plurality of blocking members 20 to adjust the opening number of the spray holes 12. That is, the control device 30 can control the movement of the blocking members 20 at different positions, and the opening and closing number of the plurality of spray holes 12 can be controlled by the control device 30 according to the actual use environment.

[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 4As shown, the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 also includes a control device 30, which controls the independent movement of multiple blocking members 20. That is, each blocking member 20 is connected to the control device 30 respectively, and the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 can be selected according to the use environment of the engine. For example, when the engine load is high, the number of spray holes 12 opened by the blocking member 20 is small, which can alleviate the possible knock of the engine; when the engine load is low, the number of spray holes 12 opened by the blocking member 20 is large, which is convenient for reducing the fuel consumption of the engine, so that the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine can be fully burned. Therefore, multiple blocking members 20 move independently, and the number of spray holes 12 opened and closed can be adjusted according to different working conditions, so as to ensure the fuel economy of the engine while taking into account the stable power output.

[0049] Optionally, the control device 30 has a first control state, a second control state and a third control state. In the first control state, the number of opened nozzle holes 12 is N1, in the second control state, the number of opened nozzle holes 12 is N2, and in the third control state, the number of opened nozzle holes 12 is N3, wherein N1, N2, and N3 satisfy: N1≥N2≥N3>0.

[0050] For example, in the first control state, the number of nozzle holes 12 opened is the largest. Here, the number of nozzle holes 12 in the pre-combustion chamber is set to 6 as an example. When N1=6, the number of nozzle holes 12 set in the pre-combustion chamber is all opened, and the control device 30 controls the blocking member 20 to move in the direction away from the nozzle holes 12 to open the nozzle holes 12. The flames ignited in the pre-combustion chamber enter the main combustion chamber 3 from the multiple nozzle holes 12 and ignite. Since the concentration of the mixture in the engine cylinder is low at this time, such as the air-fuel ratio is greater than 1, and the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 requires a larger ignition amount, the control device 30 is in the first state, the pre-combustion chamber nozzle holes 12 are fully opened, and the high-temperature mixed gas ignited in the pre-combustion chamber enters the main combustion chamber 3 through the jet. The high-temperature mixed gas sprayed from the multiple nozzle holes 12 generates turbulence in the main combustion chamber 3, which can avoid misfires, speed up the combustion rate of the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3, improve the fuel economy of the engine, reduce the demand for the discharge amount of the spark plug 4, reduce the discharge time of the spark plug 4, and increase the service life of the spark plug 4.

[0051] When the engine is in medium load, the control device 30 is in the second control state through identification and adjustment, such as when N2=4. Since the mixture concentration in the engine cylinder is normal at this time, such as the air-fuel ratio is equal to 1 at this time, and the ignition amount required by the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 is normal, the nozzles 12 of some pre-combustion chambers are opened, which can not only ensure the combustion speed and save fuel consumption, but also ensure that the engine has good power output.

[0052] When the engine is under low load, the control device 30 is adjusted to be in the third control state, such as when N3=2. Since the mixture concentration in the engine cylinder is relatively high at this time, such as the air-fuel ratio in the cylinder is less than 1, the exhaust temperature of the engine is high, the knock tendency is enhanced, the number of nozzle holes 12 opened is reduced, the connection between the pre-combustion chamber 11 and the main combustion chamber 3 is limited, the ignition energy is reduced, the engine knock is alleviated, and the engine economy is improved.

[0053] Thus, the control device 30 has different control states, and the control device 30 can timely adjust the control state according to the working conditions of the engine, so that the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 can reasonably control the number of nozzles 12 opened, and control the amount of ignition energy in the pre-combustion chamber entering the main combustion chamber 3, so that the engine can ensure the economy under different working conditions while ensuring power output, so that the ignition energy in the engine pre-combustion chamber can be supplied according to the ignition energy required in the main combustion chamber 3, which has the purpose of reducing the engine movement cycle. At the same time, the service life of the spark plug 4 used to ignite the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 11 can be increased, and the discharge time and discharge energy of the spark plug 4 can be reduced.

[0054] In some embodiments, the plurality of blocking members 20 are movable between a closed position and an open position relative to the body 10. When the blocking member 20 is in the closed position, the blocking member 20 blocks the corresponding spray hole 12 to close the spray hole 12. When the blocking member 20 is in the open position, the blocking member 20 is separated from the corresponding spray hole 12 to open the spray hole 12. That is, the control device 30 can control the blocking member 20 to move between the open position to open the spray hole 12 and the closed position to close the spray hole 12. Thus, the blocking piece 20 is movable between an open position and a closed position, so that the control device 30 is connected to the blocking piece 20, the movement of the blocking piece 20 is controlled, and the control device 30 automatically controls the blocking piece 20. The control device 30 can obtain the working condition of the engine to monitor the concentration of the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 to adjust the number of nozzle holes 12 opened, and limit the amount of ignition energy entering the main combustion chamber 3, so as to avoid the ignition energy entering the main combustion chamber 3 being too large to cause detonation, or too small to cause incomplete combustion, thereby improving the fuel economy of the engine.

[0055] In some embodiments, Figure 4As shown, a plurality of slide grooves 111 are formed on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 11, one end of a plurality of blocking members 20 is movably fitted in the plurality of slide grooves 111, and the other end of the plurality of blocking members 20 is suitable for opening and closing the plurality of spray holes 12. That is, a plurality of slide grooves 111 are arranged on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 11 at intervals along the circumference of the pre-combustion chamber 11, and a blocking member 20 is fitted in each slide groove 111, and the blocking member 20 moves in the slide groove 111 in the direction toward and away from the spray hole 12. Therefore, the arrangement of the plurality of slide grooves 111 facilitates the movement of the blocking member 20 in the slide groove 111, facilitates the arrangement of the control device 30, and avoids occupying the internal space of the pre-combustion chamber 11.

[0056] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The control device 30 includes: a plurality of electromagnets 31 and a plurality of permanent magnets 32. The plurality of electromagnets 31 are respectively arranged in a plurality of slide grooves 111, and the plurality of permanent magnets 32 are respectively arranged at one end of a plurality of blocking members 20. When the electromagnet 31 is passed with a first direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet 32 ​​drives the corresponding blocking member 20 to move toward the direction of the electromagnet 31 to open the corresponding spray hole 12. When the electromagnet 31 is passed with a second direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet 32 ​​drives the corresponding blocking member 20 to move away from the electromagnet 31 to close the corresponding spray hole 12. The direction of the first direction current is opposite to that of the second direction current.

[0057] In this embodiment, the current in the first direction can be a forward current. The electromagnet 31 arranged in the slide slot 111 is opposite to the permanent magnet 32 ​​arranged on the plugging member 20. When the electromagnet 31 is passed through a forward current, the electromagnet 31 generates anisotropic magnetism to attract the permanent magnet 32 ​​on the plugging member 20 to move from the closed position to the open position of the plugging member 20 to open the spray hole 12. The energy generated by igniting the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 11 enters the main combustion chamber 3 to ignite the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 to provide energy for the operation of the engine. The current in the second direction can be a reverse current. For example, when the engine is in good working condition and the concentration of the mixture in the cylinder is normal, some spray holes 12 can be selectively closed. At this time, some electromagnets 31 are passed through a reverse current. The electromagnet 31 generates the same magnetic force as the permanent magnet 32, which can push the permanent magnet 32 ​​on the plugging member 20 to drive the plugging member 20 to move from the open position to the closed position, reduce the number of spray holes 12 opened, reduce the energy in the pre-combustion chamber 11 entering the main combustion chamber 3, ensure the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 is fully burned, and ensure power output. Thus, currents in different directions can be supplied to the multiple electromagnets 31 to generate different magnetism, and the permanent magnets 32 opposite thereto can be controlled to move toward the spray hole 12 or away from the spray hole 12. The first current direction and the second current direction are mutual, and the first current direction can also control the blocking member 20 to move toward the spray hole 12, and the second current direction controls the blocking member 20 to move away from the spray hole 12.

[0058] Therefore, multiple sealing parts 20 are respectively provided with a permanent magnet 32, and are controlled by an electromagnet 31 opposite to the permanent magnet 32. Multiple sealing parts 20 are controlled by multiple electromagnets 31 so that multiple sealing parts 20 can move independently, which is convenient for timely adjusting the number of opening and closing of the nozzle holes 12 according to the operating conditions of the engine, controlling the energy of the pre-combustion chamber entering the main combustion chamber 3, reducing the ignition amount of the spark plug 4 used to ignite the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber, and improving the service life of the spark plug 4.

[0059] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the control device 30 further includes: a plurality of wires 33, and the plurality of electromagnets 31 are electrically connected to the plurality of wires 33 respectively. The wires 33 are arranged in the side wall of the body 10, one end of the wires 33 is connected to the electromagnet 31, and the other end of the wires 33 can extend out of the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 to be connected to an external power source, so as to supply power to the electromagnet 31, and pass currents in different directions into the electromagnet 31 so that it generates magnetic fields in different directions to control the direction of movement of the permanent magnet 32. The electromagnet 31 can be fixed on the body 10. Thus, the setting of multiple guides facilitates the realization of the electric conduction of the electromagnet 31, controls the polarity of the electromagnet 31, realizes the independent control of the plurality of electromagnets 31, and the wires 33 occupy a small space.

[0060] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of wire grooves 13 are formed on the body 10, and the plurality of wire grooves 13 are respectively connected with the plurality of slide grooves 111, and the plurality of wires 33 are respectively matched in the plurality of wire grooves 13. The wire groove 13 is arranged at one end of the slide groove 111 away from the spray hole 12, and the wire groove 13 is connected with the slide groove 111, wherein the electromagnet 31 is arranged at one end of the wire groove 13 away from the slide groove 111, and the wire 33 is matched with the wire groove 13, and the wire 33 is connected with the electromagnet 31 after passing through the wire groove 13. The wire groove 13 penetrates the side wall of the pre-combustion chamber 11 along the central axis direction of the pre-combustion chamber 11. There are a plurality of wire grooves 13, and the plurality of wire grooves 13 are arranged on the side wall of the pre-combustion chamber 11 around the central axis, and are arranged at intervals on the side wall. Therefore, the arrangement of the wire groove 13 facilitates the installation of the wire 33, so that the electromagnet 31 is energized to control the movement of the blocking member 20.

[0061] In some embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a guide rod 40 is provided in the chute 111, and one end of the blocking member 20 is movably provided on the guide rod 40. The guide rod 40 and the wire 33 are provided on both sides of the electromagnet 31, one end of the guide rod 40 is connected to the electromagnet 31, and the other end of the guide rod 40 extends along the central axis of the pre-combustion chamber 11 toward the direction of the spray hole 12. One end of the blocking member 20 is sleeved on the guide rod 40, and the permanent magnet 32 ​​is provided on the blocking member 20, and moves along the guide rod 40 under the action of the electromagnet 31 to realize the opening and closing of the spray hole 12. Therefore, the guide rod 40 is provided in the chute 111 to facilitate the installation of the blocking member 20, so that the blocking member 20 can move in the pre-combustion chamber 11 with higher precision and better guidance.

[0062] In some embodiments, the body 10 and the guide rod 40 are both made of non-magnetic materials. Therefore, the body 10 and the guide rod 40 are made of non-magnetic materials, which can avoid the body 10 and the guide rod 40 from affecting the electromagnet 31, so that the electromagnet 31 can accurately drive the permanent magnet 32 ​​to move, reducing the interference of the body 10 and the guide rod 40 on the movement accuracy of the permanent magnet 32.

[0063] In some embodiments, the end face of the other end of the plugging member 20 is matched with the shape of the inner wall surface of the body 10 where the spray hole 12 is formed. That is, when the plugging member 20 cooperates with the spray hole 12 to close the spray hole 12, the shape of the connection between the plugging member 20 and the spray hole 12 is the same, which can ensure the sealing performance of the plugging member 20 when blocking the spray hole 12. For example, the end face of the end of the plugging member 20 away from the permanent magnet 32 ​​is matched with the end of the spray hole 12 adjacent to the plugging member 20, so as to ensure the reliability of the plugging member 20 in blocking the spray hole 12.

[0064] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the multiple spray holes 12 are all located at one end of the body 10, and the inner wall surface of one end of the body 10 is formed into an arc surface that bulges away from the center of the body 10. The inner wall surface of one end of the body 10, that is, the inner surface of one end of the mounting cavity provided with the spray hole 12, is an arc surface, and the end of the body 10 provided with the spray hole 12 bulges along the central axis direction of the pre-combustion chamber 11 in the direction away from the blocking member 20. The inner wall surface of the one end of the body 10 may be a spherical surface. Thus, the inner wall of the end provided with the multiple spray holes 12 avoids bulging in the direction away from the center of the body 10, which can facilitate the energy in the pre-combustion chamber 11 to enter the main combustion chamber 3 when the multiple spray holes 12 are opened, and the setting directions of the multiple spray holes 12 are increased so that the flame in the pre-combustion chamber can be sprayed into the main combustion chamber 3 from multiple angles, further reducing the demand for the concentration of the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3.

[0065] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the ignition device comprises: a pre-combustion chamber structure 2 and a spark plug 4. The pre-combustion chamber structure 2 is the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 of any one of the above embodiments, and the spark plug 4 is arranged on the pre-combustion chamber structure 2.

[0066] According to the ignition device of the embodiment of the present invention, the precombustion chamber structure 2 is connected to the spark plug 4, and the head of the spark plug 4 is placed in the precombustion chamber structure 2. Since the precombustion chamber 11 formed by the precombustion chamber structure 2 is relatively small, the energy generated by the spark plug 4 igniting the mixture in the precombustion chamber 11 quickly enters the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine for ignition. Due to the provision of multiple nozzles 12, the amount and angle of the energy in the precombustion chamber 11 entering the main combustion chamber 3 can be adjusted, so that the engine knock at high load can be effectively reduced according to the engine operating conditions, the fuel consumption at medium load can be reduced, and the power at medium load can be increased, so that the combustion at low load is more complete, so that the engine has good fuel economy.

[0067] In some embodiments, the end of the body 10 of the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 away from the multiple spray holes 12 of the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 is open, and the spark plug 4 is fitted at the end of the body 10 away from the multiple spray holes 12. That is, the end of the pre-combustion chamber 11 away from the spray holes 12 is open, and the spark plug 4 extends into the pre-combustion chamber 11 from the open end, and the spark plug 4 can ignite the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 11, so that the generated energy can enter the main combustion chamber 3 in a controllable manner.

[0068] In some embodiments, the spark plug 4 is threadedly connected to the body 10. An external thread is provided on the outer peripheral side of the spark plug 4, and an internal thread is provided in the pre-combustion chamber 11. The spark plug 4 and the body 10 are threadedly connected, and the connection structure is simple and has good reliability.

[0069] The engine cylinder head 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention comprises: a cylinder head body 5 and an ignition device, wherein the ignition device is any one of the ignition devices in the above embodiments and is arranged on the cylinder head body 5 .

[0070] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine cylinder head 1 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a mounting hole 501 is provided on the cylinder head body 5, and the mounting hole 501 is connected to the main combustion chamber 3 provided on the engine cylinder body, and the ignition device is provided in the mounting hole 501, and at least part of the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 extends into the main combustion chamber 3, and the main combustion chamber 3 is connected to the pre-combustion chamber 11 through the spray hole 12. The energy generated after the spark plug 4 ignites the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 11 enters the main combustion chamber 3 from the spray hole 12, and the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 is still. Since the number of spray holes 12 can be adjusted, the amount of energy in the pre-combustion chamber entering the main combustion chamber 3 is variable, and is specifically adjusted according to the load of the engine's operating conditions.

[0071] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 of the ignition device is threadedly connected to the cylinder head body 5. Thus, the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5 are threadedly connected, the connection method is simple and reliable, and it is easy to replace the spark plug 4 when it is necessary to replace it briefly, reducing the cost of use and maintenance.

[0072] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 2 The engine cylinder head 1 further includes: a gasket 50, which is arranged between the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5. Therefore, the arrangement of the gasket 50 can increase the sealing between the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5, increase the buffer between the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5, reduce the transmission of vibration between the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5, and ensure the reliability of the installation and service life of the pre-combustion chamber structure 2.

[0073] An engine according to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present invention comprises the engine cylinder head 1 of any one of the above embodiments.

[0074] The engine according to the embodiment of the present invention is combined with Figure 1-Figure 4 The engine includes an engine cylinder head 1 and a cylinder body, an ignition device is arranged in the engine cylinder head 1, the engine cylinder head 1 and the cylinder body define a main combustion chamber 3, part of the ignition device is located in the main combustion chamber 3 and is connected to the main combustion chamber 3, a mixture is introduced into the main combustion chamber 3, the mixture enters the pre-combustion chamber 11 from the spray hole 12, and the energy generated when the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 11 is ignited drives the operation of the piston in the cylinder body.

[0075] According to the engine of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a pre-combustion chamber structure 2 with an adjustable number of spray holes 12 opened in the engine, the exhaust gas recirculation rate of the engine in the high-efficiency range is further improved, the range of low fuel consumption intake volume of the engine is expanded, and the economic performance of the engine is improved. At the same time, according to the ignition energy required in the main combustion chamber 3, on-demand supply can be achieved by controlling the number of spray holes 12, which reduces the engine operation cycle and the total discharge amount and discharge time of the spark plug 4 to a certain extent, and improves the service life of the spark plug 4. The vehicle according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention includes the engine in the above embodiment.

[0076] The vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the knock of the vehicle under high load conditions, ensure the fuel economy and power output at medium load, reduce the fuel consumption at low load, improve the fuel economy of the vehicle, and save the cost of use.

[0077] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0078] In the description of the present invention, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more. In the description of the present invention, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them. In the description of the present invention, a first feature "above", "above" and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.

[0079] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0080] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pre-combustion chamber structure, characterized in that: include: A body, wherein a pre-combustion chamber is defined in the body, a plurality of spray holes are formed on the body, and the pre-combustion chamber is connected to the outside of the body through the plurality of spray holes; A plurality of blocking members are movably disposed at the plurality of spray holes to open and close the plurality of spray holes respectively.

2. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A control device is cooperated with the plurality of blocking members, and the control device is used to control the movement of the plurality of blocking members to adjust the opening quantity of the spray holes.

3. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control device controls the multiple blocking members to move independently.

4. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control device has a first control state, a second control state and a third control state. In the first control state, the number of opened nozzles is N1, in the second control state, the number of opened nozzles is N2, and in the third control state, the number of opened nozzles is N3, wherein N1, N2, and N3 satisfy: N1≥N2≥N3>0.

5. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the blocking members are movably arranged in the pre-combustion chamber, and the plurality of the blocking members are movable between a closed position and an open position relative to the main body. When the blocking member is located at the closed position, the blocking member blocks the corresponding spray hole to close the spray hole. When the blocking member is located at the open position, the blocking member is separated from the corresponding spray hole to open the spray hole.

6. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of slide grooves are formed on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber, one end of the plurality of blocking members is movably engaged in the plurality of slide grooves, and the other end of the plurality of blocking members is suitable for opening and closing the plurality of spray holes.

7. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control device comprises: A plurality of electromagnets, wherein the plurality of electromagnets are respectively arranged in the plurality of chutes; A plurality of permanent magnets are respectively arranged at one end of the plurality of sealing members, when the electromagnet is passed with a first direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet drives the corresponding sealing member to move toward the electromagnet to open the corresponding spray hole, and when the electromagnet is passed with a second direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet drives the corresponding sealing member to move away from the electromagnet to close the corresponding spray hole, and the direction of the first direction current is opposite to the direction of the second direction current.

8. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control device further comprises: A plurality of conducting wires, and the plurality of electromagnets are electrically connected to the plurality of conducting wires respectively.

9. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of wire grooves are formed on the body, the plurality of wire grooves are respectively connected with the plurality of slide grooves, and the plurality of wires are respectively fitted in the plurality of wire grooves.

10. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A guide rod is arranged in the slide groove, and the one end of the blocking member is movably arranged on the guide rod.

11. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The main body and the guide rod are both made of non-magnetic material.

12. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end surface of the other end of the blocking member is matched with the shape of the inner wall surface of the body where the spray hole is formed.

13. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The plurality of spray holes are all located at one end of the body, and the inner wall surface of the one end of the body is formed into an arc surface convex away from the body.

14. An ignition device, characterized in that: include: A pre-combustion chamber structure, wherein the pre-combustion chamber structure is a pre-combustion chamber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13; A spark plug is arranged on the pre-combustion chamber structure.

15. The ignition device according to claim 14, characterized in that: One end of the body of the pre-combustion chamber structure away from the plurality of spray holes of the pre-combustion chamber structure is open, and the spark plug is fitted on the end of the body away from the plurality of spray holes.

16. The ignition device according to claim 15, characterized in that The spark plug is threadedly connected to the body.

17. An engine cylinder head, characterized in that: include: Cylinder head body; An ignition device, wherein the ignition device is an ignition device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, and the ignition device is arranged on the cylinder head body.

18. The engine cylinder head according to claim 17, characterized in that: The pre-combustion chamber structure of the ignition device is threadedly connected to the cylinder head body.

19. The engine cylinder head according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: Further including: A gasket is arranged between the pre-combustion chamber structure and the cylinder head body.

20. An engine, characterized in that: Comprising an engine cylinder head according to any one of claims 17-19.

21. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising an engine according to claim 20.

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