Switching circuit and energy storage power supply

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a switching circuit and an energy storage power supply. The circuit comprises a first power supply switch module, a second power supply switch module and a control module, wherein the first power supply switch module is used for controlling on-off of power supply of an auxiliary source circuit; the voltage detection module is used for outputting a driving signal to the first power supply switch module when the input voltage of the automobile storage battery is lower than a first preset voltage, so that the first power supply switch module is switched on, and outputting a trigger signal to the delay protection module; and the delay protection module is used for outputting a protection signal to the first power supply switch module when the duration of receiving the trigger signal exceeds a first preset time, so that the first power supply switch module is disconnected, and the first preset time is longer than the time for recovering the input voltage to the first preset voltage. According to the embodiment of the invention, the voltage detection module outputs the trigger signal to conduct the power supply switch module, so that the input power supply supplies power to the auxiliary source circuit; and a delay protection module is arranged to quickly turn off the power supply switch module, so that the power waste is avoided and the output is still kept when the power is insufficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of energy storage power supplies, and in particular to a switching circuit and an energy storage power supply. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for travel and outdoor activities and the booming market for portable energy storage power supplies, the demand for on-board fast chargers that can charge portable energy storage power supplies using car batteries connected to the car engine has also increased. Such on-board fast chargers usually have a small, lightweight and high-power design, which can meet people's needs for charging portable energy storage power supplies while driving on the road.

[0003] Since the driving fast charger is only powered by the car battery, the auxiliary power supply circuit that powers its control circuit is also powered by the car battery. However, if the auxiliary power circuit keeps working for a long time when the car is not started, the battery power will be consumed, which may lead to the adverse consequence of the car battery being out of power. Therefore, it is necessary to design an auxiliary power input switch circuit that can make the auxiliary power work only when the battery voltage is appropriate.

[0004] At the same time, the common auxiliary power input switch circuit uses the battery voltage state as the switch trigger condition. When the battery voltage is higher than a certain set value, the switch is turned on, and when it is lower than the value, it is turned off. However, since it takes time for the generator to charge the battery, when the trigger point is set higher, it takes a long time to turn on the circuit each time it is started. When the trigger point is set lower, it will be difficult to turn off the circuit for a long time after each use because the battery voltage increases after being charged, resulting in a waste of battery power. The design is contradictory. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a switching circuit and an energy storage power supply, which can solve the problem that after the auxiliary source input switching circuit is turned on, the switching circuit is difficult to shut down for a long time due to the increase in voltage after the battery is charged, resulting in waste of battery power.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in an embodiment of the present invention is: to provide a switch circuit, applied to a car battery, comprising: a voltage detection module, a first power supply switch module and a delay protection module; the first power supply switch module is respectively connected to the car battery and the auxiliary source circuit, and the voltage detection module is respectively connected to the car battery, the delay protection module and the first power supply switch module; the voltage detection module is used to output a drive signal to the first power supply switch module when the input voltage of the car battery is lower than a first preset voltage, so that the first power supply switch module is turned on, and output a trigger signal to the delay protection module; the delay protection module is used to output a protection signal to the first power supply switch module when the duration of receiving the trigger signal exceeds a first preset time, so that the first power supply switch module is turned off, wherein the first preset time is greater than the time taken for the voltage of the car battery to drop to less than the first preset voltage and to recover to the first preset voltage when the car battery is started.

[0007] In some embodiments, the voltage detection module includes a detection unit, a drive unit and a trigger unit, the detection unit is connected to the car battery, the drive unit and the trigger unit respectively, and the trigger unit is also connected to the first power supply switch module; the detection unit is used to output a detection signal to the trigger unit when the input voltage is less than the first preset threshold; the drive unit outputs the drive signal in response to the detection signal, and maintains the output of the drive signal after the detection unit stops outputting the detection signal; the trigger unit outputs the trigger signal to the delay protection module in response to the detection signal.

[0008] In some embodiments, the detection unit includes a voltage-stabilizing diode D4, and the driving unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R4, a switch tube Q5 and a thyristor D1; the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D4 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery and the first end of the resistor R4, the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D4 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q5, the collector of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the second end of the resistor R4 and the control end of the thyristor D1, and the emitter of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery; the first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the thyristor D1 and the first controlled end of the first power supply switch module, and the cathode of the thyristor D1 is connected to the second controlled end of the first power supply switch module.

[0009] In some embodiments, the trigger unit includes a resistor R2, a resistor R6 and a switch tube Q6, the first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery, the base of the switch tube Q6 is connected to the output end of the detection unit, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q6 and the input end of the delay protection module, the emitter of the switch tube Q6 is connected to the first end of the resistor R6, and the second end of the resistor R6 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery.

[0010] In some embodiments, the delay protection module includes a capacitor C2, a voltage-stabilizing diode D3 and a switch tube Q3; the first end of the capacitor C2 and the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D3 are connected to the output end of the driving unit, the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D3 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q3, the collector of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switch module, and the emitter of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C2 and the negative electrode of the car battery.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first power supply switch module includes a resistor R3, a resistor R9, a switch tube Q2, a switch tube Q1 and a switch tube Q4; the source of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery and the first end of the resistor R3, the drain of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary source circuit, the gate of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3 and the first end of the resistor R9, the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q1, the base of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the first output end of the voltage detection module, the emitter of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q4, the base of the switch tube Q4 is connected to the second output end of the voltage detection module and the output end of the delay protection module, and the emitter of the switch tube Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery.

[0012] In some embodiments, the switching circuit also includes a second power supply switch module and a controller, wherein the second power supply switch module is respectively connected to the car battery, the auxiliary source circuit and the controller, and the controller is used to control the second power supply switch module to be turned on or off; and / or, further includes a delayed shutdown module, which is connected to the first power supply switch module; the delayed shutdown module is used to output a shutdown signal after a second preset time after the first power supply switch module is turned on; the shutdown signal is used to control the first power supply switch module to be turned off.

[0013] In some embodiments, the delayed shutdown module includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a capacitor C1, a zener diode D2 and a switch tube Q3; the first end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the first power supply switch module, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C1, the first end of the resistor R8 and the cathode of the zener diode D2, the second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R8 and the negative electrode of the car battery; the anode of the zener diode D2 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q3, the collector of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switch module, and the emitter of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second power supply switch module includes a switch tube Q7, a switch tube Q8, a resistor R5, a resistor R10 and a resistor R11; the source of the switch tube Q7 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery and the first end of the resistor R5, the drain of the switch tube Q7 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary source circuit, the gate of the switch tube Q7 is connected to the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R10, the second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q8, the base of the switch tube Q8 is used to receive an external control signal, and the emitter of the switch tube Q8 is grounded. In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is: to provide an energy storage power supply, including: the switch circuit as described above.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: different from the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention enable the voltage detection module to output a trigger signal to turn on the first power supply switch module when the automobile battery voltage is less than a preset threshold, thereby enabling the automobile battery to supply power to the auxiliary source circuit; and a delayed shutdown module is provided to quickly shut down the first power supply switch module to solve the problem of power waste and maintaining output when the power is low; a second power supply switch module is further provided to form another power supply branch when the auxiliary source circuit starts to work, and the control of the switch circuit is handed over to the controller, thereby avoiding the defect that the voltage trigger point of the switch circuit that uses the voltage level as the trigger condition is too high to be difficult to reach, or the voltage trigger point is too low to be difficult to shut down. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another switch circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a voltage detection module provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4It is a circuit principle diagram of a switching circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "bottom" and the like used in this specification is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification and in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0019] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, a switch circuit is provided, which is applied to a car battery 20, and its structural schematic diagram is shown as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the switch circuit includes three main functional modules: a voltage detection module 110, a first power supply switch module 120 and a delay protection module 130. The connection relationship and working principle between the modules are as follows: The first power supply switch module 120 is connected to the vehicle battery 20 and the auxiliary power circuit 30 respectively, and is used to control the power supply on and off of the auxiliary power circuit 30. The first power supply switch module 120 is used to receive the driving signal from the voltage detection module 110 and the protection signal from the delay protection module 130, and change its own conduction state according to these signals to control the power supply on and off of the auxiliary power circuit 30.

[0021] The voltage detection module 110 is connected to the car battery 20, the time delay protection module 130 and the first power switch module 120. When the input voltage of the car battery 20 is detected to be lower than the first preset voltage, the voltage detection module 110 outputs a driving signal to the first power switch module 120 to turn on the first power switch module 120, and outputs a trigger signal to the time delay protection module 130. This design can automatically start the power supply due to the temporary reduction of the car battery voltage when the car is started.

[0022] When the input voltage of the car battery 20 is maintained above the first preset voltage, the voltage detection module 110 continuously monitors the voltage but does not output a drive signal or a trigger signal. In this state, the first power supply switch module 120 remains disconnected, and the auxiliary power circuit 30 does not receive power from the car battery 20. This can effectively avoid the consumption of the car battery power when the car is not started or idling.

[0023] The delay protection module 130 is connected to the first power supply switch module 120. When the duration of the trigger signal sent by the voltage detection module 110 exceeds the first preset time, the delay protection module 130 outputs a protection signal to the first power supply switch module 120 to disconnect it. The first preset time must be greater than the time required for the voltage of the vehicle battery 20 to drop below the first preset voltage and then recover to the first preset voltage when the vehicle battery 20 is started, so as to avoid unnecessary power loss caused by continuing to maintain power supply after the battery voltage returns to normal.

[0024] In order to ensure that the voltage detection module 110 can stably turn on the first power switch module 120 during the period of time after the input voltage of the car battery 20 drops to less than the first preset voltage and then rises to greater than the first preset voltage, the first preset time is required to be greater than the time required for the input voltage to rise to greater than the first preset voltage after it drops to less than the first preset voltage. This ensures that the car battery will not be misjudged as being in an abnormal undervoltage state in a normal state (i.e., the input voltage rises after being pulled down), and ensures the normal conduction of the first power switch module 120.

[0025] The working process of the switch circuit can be divided into several key stages: in the initial state, the car is not started, the voltage detection module 110 monitors that the input voltage of the car battery 20 is at a normal level, that is, the input voltage of the car battery 20 is maintained above the first preset voltage, and the first power supply switch module 120 is in a disconnected state. In the startup stage, the car starts, causing the input voltage of the car battery to temporarily decrease. The voltage detection module 110 detects that the input voltage of the car battery 20 is lower than the first preset value, and then outputs a drive signal and a trigger signal. In the power supply stage, the first power supply switch module 120 is turned on after receiving the drive signal, and the car battery 20 starts to supply power to the auxiliary source circuit 30, and the delay protection module 130 starts timing. In the protection stage, when the delay protection module 130 receives the trigger signal for a duration exceeding the first preset time, the delay protection module 130 outputs a protection signal to disconnect the first power supply switch module 120 and terminate the power supply to the auxiliary source circuit 30.

[0026] The core innovation of this solution is to use the voltage drop characteristics when the car starts as a trigger condition, and ensure the reasonable control of the power supply time through the delay protection mechanism. By organically combining voltage detection, switch control and delay protection functions, intelligent management of the auxiliary power supply circuit is realized, solving the technical contradiction that the trigger point setting in the traditional voltage trigger solution is difficult to take into account both timeliness and power saving.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, another switching circuit is provided, which is applied to the automobile battery 20, and its structural schematic diagram is shown as follows: Figure 2 As shown, in addition to the basic structure including the voltage detection module 110 , the first power switch module 120 and the delay protection module 130 , the switch circuit 10 may further include a second power switch module 140 and a delay closing module 150 .

[0028] In this embodiment, the second power supply switch module 140 is electrically connected to the vehicle battery 20, the auxiliary power circuit 30 and the controller 40. The controller 40 can actively control the power supply state of the auxiliary power circuit 30 by sending a control signal to the second power supply switch module 140. This design enables the switch circuit to have a dual control mechanism: on the one hand, the automatic control function based on voltage detection is retained, and on the other hand, the active control capability that can be implemented by the controller 40 is increased.

[0029] The time-delay closing module 150 is connected to the first power switch module 120, and starts timing after the first power switch module 120 is turned on. When the timing reaches the second preset time, the time-delay closing module 150 outputs a shutdown signal to the first power switch module 120 to control it to turn off. This mechanism provides a second time control protection for the switch circuit, which forms a complementary relationship with the time-delay protection module 130.

[0030] It should be noted that the first preset time and the second preset time assume different protection functions in the switch circuit. The first preset time is controlled by the delay protection module 130, and its duration must be greater than the time required for the voltage of the vehicle battery 20 to drop below the first preset voltage and recover to the first preset voltage when the vehicle battery 20 is started. The second preset time is controlled by the delay shutdown module 150, and is usually set to be greater than the first preset time. This design enables the two time control modules to form a cascade protection: the delay protection module 130 first ensures the voltage recovery during the vehicle startup process, and the delay shutdown module 150 monitors the power supply status over a longer time span.

[0031] For the power supply control of the auxiliary source circuit 30, the second power supply switch module 140 adopts an active controllable mechanism. When the auxiliary source circuit 30 starts working, the controller 40 can establish a second power supply path through the second power supply switch module 140. The second power supply path runs in parallel with the power supply path formed by the first power supply switch module 120. The controller 40 can accurately adjust the power supply state according to actual needs by sending a control signal of conduction or disconnection to the second power supply switch module 140.

[0032] The advantage of the dual-channel power supply design is that, in order to avoid unnecessary power loss, when the first power supply switch module 120 needs to be disconnected due to time control, the controller 40 can maintain the power supply to the auxiliary source circuit 30 through the second power supply switch module 140, thereby avoiding the impact of power supply interruption on the system. At the same time, the controller 40 can also actively adjust the power supply timing according to the working state of the auxiliary source circuit 30 to achieve more flexible power supply management.

[0033] The working process of this embodiment embodies the characteristics of dual protection and active control: when the car starts, the voltage detection module 110 detects a voltage drop, triggers the first power supply switch module 120 to turn on, and simultaneously starts the timing functions of the delay protection module 130 and the delay shutdown module 150. During the power supply process, the controller 40 can adjust the power supply state of the auxiliary source circuit 30 through the second power supply switch module 140 according to actual needs, thereby ensuring the reliability of power supply and providing flexible control means.

[0034] The advantages of this implementation scheme over the basic scheme are: by adding the second power supply switch module 140 and the controller 40, active control of the power supply state of the auxiliary source circuit 30 is achieved; by setting the delayed shutdown module 150, a dual time protection mechanism is established. These improvements enable the switch circuit to have a more complete protection function and a more flexible control method, which can better adapt to different usage scenarios and control requirements.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, a voltage detection module is provided, and its structural schematic diagram is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the voltage detection module 110 includes a detection unit 111, a drive unit 112 and a trigger unit 113. The detection unit 111 is connected to the vehicle battery 20, the drive unit 112 and the trigger unit 113 respectively, and the trigger unit 113 is also connected to the first power switch module 120 and the delay protection module 130.

[0036] The detection unit 111 assumes the core function of voltage monitoring. The detection unit 111 continuously monitors the input voltage of the vehicle battery 20 and compares the input voltage with a first preset threshold. When the input voltage is lower than the first preset threshold, the detection unit 111 outputs a detection signal to the drive unit 112 and the trigger unit 113 respectively.

[0037] The driving unit 112 adopts a signal latching mechanism. After receiving the detection signal from the detection unit 111, the driving unit 112 outputs a driving signal to the first power supply switch module 120 to turn on the first power supply switch module 120. It is worth noting that even if the detection unit 111 stops outputting the detection signal, the driving unit 112 still maintains the output state of the driving signal. The latching feature ensures the stability of the power supply process and avoids power supply interruption that may be caused by voltage fluctuations.

[0038] The trigger unit 113 plays a role in signal conversion and transmission. When receiving the detection signal output by the detection unit 111, the trigger unit 113 will output a trigger signal to the delay protection module 130. The delay protection module 130 starts timing, and when the trigger signal is continuously received for a first preset time, the first power switch module 120 is controlled to be turned off.

[0039] In actual operation, the three functional units cooperate with each other: the detection unit 111 first senses the voltage change and outputs a detection signal, the drive unit 112 responds to the signal and maintains the output state, and the trigger unit 113 starts the delay protection function.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a complete switch circuit structure. The circuit includes a voltage detection module 110, a first power switch module 120, a delay protection module 130 and a delay closing module 150. The voltage detection module 110 further includes a detection unit 111, a driving unit 112 and a trigger unit 113.

[0041] The detection unit 111 realizes the voltage detection function through the voltage stabilizing diode D4; the driving unit 112 is composed of a resistor R1, a resistor R4, a switch tube Q5 and a thyristor D1; the trigger unit 113 includes a resistor R2, a resistor R6 and a switch tube Q6.

[0042] The cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery B1 and the first end of the resistor R4, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q5. The collector of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the second end of the resistor R4 and the control end of the thyristor D1, and the emitter of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery B1.

[0043] The first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery B1, and the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the thyristor D1 and the first controlled end of the first power switch module 120 (i.e., the base of the switch tube Q4). The cathode of the thyristor D1 is connected to the second controlled end of the first power switch module 120 (i.e., the base of the switch tube Q1).

[0044] The first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery B1, and the base of the switch tube Q6 is connected to the output end of the detection unit 111 (i.e., the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D4). The second end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q6 and the input end of the delay protection module 130 (i.e., the first end of the capacitor C2). The emitter of the switch tube Q6 is connected to the first end of the resistor R6, and the second end of the resistor R6 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery B1.

[0045] The delay protection module 130 is composed of a capacitor C2, a voltage stabilizing diode D3 and a switch tube Q3. The first end of the capacitor C2 and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 are connected to the output end of the driving unit 112. The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q3. The collector of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switch module 120 (i.e., the base of the switch tube Q4), and the emitter of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C2 and the negative electrode of the car battery B1.

[0046] The first power supply switch module 120 includes a resistor R3, a resistor R9, a switch tube Q2, a switch tube Q1 and a switch tube Q4. The source of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery B1 and the first end of the resistor R3, and the drain of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary source circuit A1. The gate of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3 and the first end of the resistor R9. The second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q1. The base of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the first output end of the voltage detection module 110, and the emitter of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q4. The base of the switch tube Q4 is connected to the second output end of the voltage detection module 110 and the output end of the delay protection module 130, and the emitter of the switch tube Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery B1.

[0047] The time-delay closing module 150 includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a capacitor C1, a voltage-stabilizing diode D2, and a switch tube Q3. The first end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the first power supply switch module 120 (i.e., the drain of the switch tube Q2), and the second end is connected to the first end of the capacitor C1, the first end of the resistor R8, and the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D2. The second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R8 and the negative electrode of the car battery B1. The anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D2 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q3, the collector of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switch module 120 (i.e., the base of the switch tube Q4), and the emitter of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery B1.

[0048] As an example but not a limitation, to further reduce hardware cost, in this embodiment, the delay protection module 130 and the delay shutdown module 150 share a switch tube Q3. In other embodiments, each may have a switch tube Q3.

[0049] The second power supply switch module 140 is composed of a switch tube Q7, a switch tube Q8, a resistor R5, a resistor R10 and a resistor R11. The source of the switch tube Q7 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery B1 and the first end of the resistor R5, and the drain of the switch tube Q7 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary source circuit A1. The gate of the switch tube Q7 is connected to the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R10. The second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q8. The base of the switch tube Q8 is used to receive the external control signal sent by the controller, and the emitter of the switch tube Q8 is grounded.

[0050] In actual operation, each functional module cooperates to operate through the above circuit connection: when the car starts, the battery voltage decreases, the detection unit 111 outputs a detection signal, and the drive unit 112 and the trigger unit 113 control the power switch and the protection circuit respectively. The delay protection module 130 and the delay shutdown module 150 perform dual control on the power supply time, and the second power supply switch module 140 realizes active power supply control of the auxiliary source circuit A1 under the instruction of the controller. The thyristor, voltage regulator diode and other devices in the circuit cooperate with the RC delay circuit to realize accurate voltage detection and time control functions.

[0051] The specific working principle of the switching circuit is as follows: When the car is not started and the input voltage of the car battery B1 is higher than the first preset voltage (usually 12V), the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is broken down. At this time, the switch tubes Q4 and Q6 are operating in the saturation region and the voltage at the second end of the resistor R4 is short-circuited to the ground, and the level is 0V. Due to insufficient trigger voltage, the thyristor D1 remains in a non-conducting state. The switch tube Q1 is in the off state, causing the switch tube Q2 to be turned off, and the car battery B1 does not supply power to the auxiliary source circuit A1.

[0052] During the car startup process, the input voltage of the car battery B1 drops rapidly due to the operation of the spark plug and other electrical appliances, usually to about 8V. When the input voltage drops below the first preset voltage, that is, the sum of the breakdown voltage of the voltage-stabilizing diode D4 and the base-emitter voltage of the switch tube Q5, the switch tube Q5 enters the cut-off state. At the same time, the thyristor D1 and the switch tube Q1 turn on. Because the switch tube Q4 was previously turned on through the resistor R1, the lower end level of the resistor R9 is pulled to the ground. The switch tube Q2 is then turned on, and the car battery B1 starts to supply power to the auxiliary source circuit A1, and the auxiliary source circuit A1 starts to work. At the same time, the switch tube Q6 enters the cut-off state, and the car battery B1 charges the capacitor C2 through the resistor R2. However, the voltage across the capacitor C2 is less than the breakdown voltage of the voltage-stabilizing diode D3 and the base-emitter voltage of the switch tube Q3, and the switch tube Q3 maintains the cut-off state.

[0053] After the auxiliary power circuit A1 starts running, the controller 40 controls the switch tube Q7 to turn on through the switch tube Q8 to establish a second power supply path. When the input voltage of the car battery B1 rises back to a value greater than the first preset voltage, the switch tubes Q5 and Q6 are turned on, and the voltage at the second end of the resistor R4 is pulled down to the ground. Benefiting from the latching characteristics of the thyristor D1, even if the trigger voltage provided by the resistor R4 disappears, the thyristor D1 remains turned on to maintain power supply stability.

[0054] When the capacitor C2 is charged for the first preset time, the voltage across the capacitor C2 is greater than the breakdown voltage of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 and the base-emitter voltage of the switch tube Q3, the switch tube Q3 is turned on, and the base voltage of the switch tube Q4 is pulled down to the ground, and the switch tube Q4 is turned off, so that the switch tube Q2 and the thyristor D1 are turned off again. The input control right of the auxiliary source circuit A1 is transferred to the switch tube Q7, which is controlled by the controller.

[0055] In addition, after the switch tube Q2 is turned on, the capacitor C1 starts to charge via the resistor R7 and the resistor R8. When the charging time reaches the second preset time, the charging voltage exceeds the sum of the breakdown voltage of the voltage-stabilizing diode D2 and the base-emitter voltage of the switch tube Q3, the voltage-stabilizing diode D2 is broken down, and the switch tube Q3 turns on. Because the voltage at the second end of the resistor R1 is pulled to the ground level, the switch tube Q4 enters the cut-off state, causing the switch tube Q2 and the thyristor D1 to be cut off again. Thereafter, the input control right of the auxiliary source circuit A1 is transferred to the switch tube Q7, which is controlled by the controller.

[0056] If the car battery B1 is in a low-power state, the input voltage continues to be lower than the sum of the breakdown voltage of the voltage-stabilizing diode D4 and the base-emitter voltage of the switch tube Q5, and the switch tube Q4 will enter the cut-off state, causing the capacitor C2 to start charging. When the charging voltage exceeds the sum of the breakdown voltage of the voltage-stabilizing diode D3 and the base-emitter voltage of the switch tube Q3, the voltage-stabilizing diode D3 is broken down, the switch tube Q3 is turned on, and the switch tube Q4 is turned off. Eventually, the switch tube Q2 is turned off, cutting off the power supply to the auxiliary source circuit A1.

[0057] During the power supply process, the second power supply switch module 140 realizes independent control of the auxiliary source circuit A1 through the instructions of the controller 40. When the first power supply switch module 120 needs to be disconnected due to time control, the controller 40 can maintain the necessary power supply of the auxiliary source circuit A1 through the second power supply switch module 140 to ensure the continuity of the operation of the energy storage power supply.

[0058] Based on the switch circuit provided in the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an energy storage power supply, which includes the switch circuit as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present application as above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A switch circuit, used in a car battery, characterized in that: include: A voltage detection module, a first power supply switch module and a delay protection module; The first power supply switch module is connected to the car battery and the auxiliary source circuit respectively, and the voltage detection module is connected to the car battery, the delay protection module and the first power supply switch module respectively; The voltage detection module is used to output a driving signal to the first power switch module when the input voltage of the vehicle battery is lower than a first preset voltage, so as to turn on the first power switch module, and output a trigger signal to the delay protection module; The delay protection module is used to output a protection signal to the first power supply switch module to disconnect the first power supply switch module when the duration of the received trigger signal exceeds a first preset time, wherein the first preset time is greater than the time taken for the voltage of the vehicle battery to drop to less than the first preset voltage and then to recover to the first preset voltage when the vehicle battery is started.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The voltage detection module includes a detection unit, a drive unit and a trigger unit, wherein the detection unit is connected to the vehicle battery, the drive unit and the trigger unit respectively, and the trigger unit is also connected to the first power supply switch module; The detection unit is used for outputting a detection signal to the trigger unit when the input voltage is less than the first preset threshold; The driving unit outputs the driving signal in response to the detection signal, and maintains output of the driving signal after the detection unit stops outputting the detection signal; The trigger unit outputs the trigger signal to the delay protection module in response to the detection signal.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The detection unit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode (D4), and the driving unit comprises a resistor (R1), a resistor (R4), a switch tube (Q5) and a thyristor (D1); The cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode (D4) is connected to the positive electrode of the automobile battery and the first end of the resistor (R4), the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode (D4) is connected to the base of the switch tube (Q5), the collector of the switch tube (Q5) is connected to the second end of the resistor (R4) and the control end of the thyristor (D1), and the emitter of the switch tube (Q5) is connected to the negative electrode of the automobile battery; The first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery, the second end of the resistor (R1) is connected to the anode of the thyristor (D1) and the first controlled end of the first power switch module, and the cathode of the thyristor (D1) is connected to the second controlled end of the first power switch module.

4. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The trigger unit includes a resistor (R2), a resistor (R6) and a switch tube (Q6). The first end of the resistor (R2) is connected to the positive electrode of the automobile battery, the base of the switch tube (Q6) is connected to the output end of the detection unit, the second end of the resistor (R2) is connected to the collector of the switch tube (Q6) and the input end of the delay protection module, the emitter of the switch tube (Q6) is connected to the first end of the resistor (R6), and the second end of the resistor (R6) is connected to the negative electrode of the automobile battery.

5. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that The delay protection module includes a capacitor (C2), a voltage-stabilizing diode (D3) and a switch tube (Q3); The first end of the capacitor (C2) and the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode (D3) are connected to the output end of the driving unit, the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode (D3) is connected to the base of the switch tube (Q3), the collector of the switch tube (Q3) is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switch module, and the emitter of the switch tube (Q3) is connected to the second end of the capacitor (C2) and the negative electrode of the car battery.

6. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The first power supply switch module comprises a resistor (R3), a resistor (R9), a switch tube (Q2), a switch tube (Q1) and a switch tube (Q4); The source of the switch tube (Q2) is connected to the positive electrode of the automobile battery and the first end of the resistor (R3), the drain of the switch tube (Q2) is connected to the input end of the auxiliary source circuit, the gate of the switch tube (Q2) is connected to the second end of the resistor (R3) and the first end of the resistor (R9), the second end of the resistor (R9) is connected to the collector of the switch tube (Q1), the base of the switch tube (Q1) is connected to the first output end of the voltage detection module, the emitter of the switch tube (Q1) is connected to the collector of the switch tube (Q4), the base of the switch tube (Q4) is connected to the second output end of the voltage detection module and the output end of the delay protection module, and the emitter of the switch tube (Q4) is connected to the negative electrode of the automobile battery.

7. The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a second power supply switch module and a controller, The second power supply switch module is connected to the vehicle battery, the auxiliary power circuit and the controller respectively, and the controller is used to control the second power supply switch module to be turned on or off; And / or, it also includes a delayed shutdown module, which is connected to the first power supply switch module; the delayed shutdown module is used to delay the second preset time to output a shutdown signal after the first power supply switch module is turned on; the shutdown signal is used to control the first power supply switch module to shut down.

8. The circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that The time-delay closing module comprises a resistor (R7), a resistor (R8), a capacitor (C1), a voltage-stabilizing diode (D2) and a switch tube (Q3); The first end of the resistor (R7) is connected to the output end of the first power supply switch module, the second end of the resistor (R7) is connected to the first end of the capacitor (C1), the first end of the resistor (R8) and the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode (D2), and the second end of the capacitor (C1) is connected to the second end of the resistor (R8) and the negative electrode of the vehicle battery; The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode (D2) is connected to the base of the switch tube (Q3), the collector of the switch tube (Q3) is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switch module, and the emitter of the switch tube (Q3) is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery.

9. The circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that The second power supply switch module comprises a switch tube (Q7), a switch tube (Q8), a resistor (R5), a resistor (R10) and a resistor (R11); The source of the switch tube (Q7) is connected to the positive electrode of the automobile battery and the first end of the resistor (R5); the drain of the switch tube (Q7) is connected to the input end of the auxiliary source circuit; the gate of the switch tube (Q7) is connected to the second end of the resistor (R5) and the first end of the resistor (R10); the second end of the resistor (R10) is connected to the collector of the switch tube (Q8); the base of the switch tube (Q8) is used to receive an external control signal; and the emitter of the switch tube (Q8) is grounded.

10. An energy storage power supply, characterized in that: include: A switching circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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