Seeding method of physochlaina macrophylla seeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a physochlaina macrophylla seed sowing method, and belongs to the technical field of physochlaina macrophylla propagation, the method comprises the steps of seed pretreatment, soil pretreatment, sowing, management and protection and the like, a gel state activating agent is prepared to coat seeds, the activating agent continuously stimulates the seeds, the seed germination activity can be effectively improved, seed germination is promoted, and the seed germination rate is increased. The method solves the problem of seed waste caused by difficult germination of the physochlaina macrophylla seeds under natural conditions, and has important significance for promoting sustainable development and utilization of the physochlaina macrophylla.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ginseng propagation, and in particular to a ginseng seed sowing method. Background Art

[0002] Chinese ginseng (physochlaina infundibularis kuang), also known as Chinese ginseng, hot ginseng, Qin ginseng, white-haired ginseng, drunkard grass, etc., is mainly distributed in the middle to eastern Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi, western and southern Henan, southern Shanxi and other regions. Chinese ginseng has the effects of expectorant, cough relieving and asthma relieving, and is used by the people to treat chronic bronchitis. With the continuous deepening of the comprehensive utilization and development of Chinese ginseng, the market demand for Chinese ginseng raw materials is increasing, and at present, Chinese ginseng medicinal materials all come from wild. The indiscriminate mining and excavation by farmers in mountainous areas has caused the wild Chinese ginseng resource reserves to decrease year by year, and the resources are seriously in short supply. Therefore, protecting the wild Chinese ginseng resources, increasing the Chinese ginseng resource reserves, and ensuring the sustainable development of Chinese ginseng have become current problems to be solved urgently.

[0003] At present, there are two methods for propagating Chinese ginseng: underground rhizome asexual propagation and seed sowing sexual propagation. The rhizome propagation method can better maintain the excellent traits of the mother plant and has a fast propagation rate, but the resulting plants have poor resistance and are prone to degradation; the seed propagation method is low-cost and simple to operate, and Chinese ginseng is a plant variety with high fruit yield, and a large number of seedlings can be obtained by seed sowing. However, Chinese ginseng seeds have difficulty germinating in the wild, and thus have not been effectively propagated, so that it is difficult to see seedlings in the wild, and most of them are adult plants, resulting in a large amount of waste of Chinese ginseng seeds.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to find a method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds to improve the germination rate of Chinese ginseng seeds, so as to improve the seed utilization efficiency, increase the yield of Chinese ginseng, and promote the sustainable development and utilization of Chinese ginseng. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds to solve the problem that Chinese ginseng seeds are difficult to germinate and regenerate under natural conditions in the wild.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:

[0007] A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds, the method being as follows:

[0008] (1) Seed pretreatment: soak the seeds in water for 32-48 hours, then soak them in 75% ethanol solution for 30-60 seconds, wash them with water 5 times, then sterilize them in 1wt% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1-2 minutes, and wash them with water 5 times to obtain sterilized seeds; embed the sterilized seeds with an activator to obtain pretreated seeds;

[0009] (2) Soil pretreatment: After tilling and disinfecting the soil, apply basal fertilizer at a rate of 800-1200 kg / mu, then harrow and level the soil and dig planting trenches;

[0010] (3) sowing: sowing the pretreated seeds in the planting furrow;

[0011] (4) Maintenance and transplanting: Regular watering, weeding, fertilization and other maintenance operations should be carried out. When the seedlings grow to a height of 6-7 cm, they can be transplanted.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for preparing pretreated seeds by embedding the activator into seeds is as follows:

[0013] A: Heat the wax to 75-85℃ and stir to melt, then add potassium hydroxide and 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol and stir to react for 6-8h at constant temperature. After the reaction is completed, cool naturally to room temperature to solidify, and then store at 4℃ for later use;

[0014] B: Sodium alginate is added into water to prepare a 5wt% sodium alginate solution, sodium p-toluenesulfonate is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1-2h and then allowed to stand overnight; salicylic acid, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin and sucrose are then added, and the mixture is stirred thoroughly and the pH is adjusted to 6-7 to obtain a sodium alginate mixed solution;

[0015] C: taking out the paraffin wax preserved in step A, grinding it, and then passing it through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain paraffin wax microparticles; adding the paraffin wax microparticles into a sodium alginate mixture and mixing them evenly to obtain an activator; spraying the activator onto the surface of the disinfected seeds to embed the seeds, spraying a 5wt% calcium chloride solution 5-10 minutes later to gel the activator coated on the surface of the seeds, and spraying the activator and the 5wt% calcium chloride solution in the same manner in sequence after an interval of 20 minutes to obtain activator-embedded seeds; after 2-5 hours, soaking the activator-embedded seeds in hot water for 15-20 minutes, taking them out, and washing them with water to obtain pretreated seeds.

[0016] Salicylic acid, gibberellin and other substances are added to a sodium alginate solution and mixed into a gel activator to coat the surface of the seeds. The components in the activator continuously stimulate the seeds to promote the germination of the Chinese ginseng seeds, increase the germination rate of the Chinese ginseng seeds, and then improve the seed utilization efficiency, thereby solving the problem that the Chinese ginseng seeds are difficult to germinate and renew in the natural state in the wild, causing resource shortages and difficulty in sustainable development and utilization.

[0017] However, seeds need to undergo a high-intensity respiratory metabolism during the germination process, and the coverage of the gel will hinder the respiratory metabolism of the seeds. Therefore, safe, non-toxic and biodegradable wax is added together to prepare an activator. Specifically, the wax is ground into microparticles and added to a sodium alginate mixture to prepare an activator to coat the seeds, and then a calcium chloride solution is sprayed. The sodium alginate and calcium chloride in the activator react to form a gel, and then the wax is embedded in the gel in the form of solid microparticles, and then put into hot water to melt the embedded wax microparticles and enter the hot water, and then the activator embeds the seeds at the position where the wax microparticles were originally embedded to form a larger pore structure, so that the gas in the subsequent seed respiration process can enter and exit smoothly, and the respiratory metabolism is maintained at a good level in the process of continuously stimulating the seeds to promote their germination, thereby better promoting seed germination.

[0018] However, the melting point of wax is relatively high, and the activator-embedded seeds formed are easily damaged when treated in hot water at too high a temperature, while the wax cannot be removed well enough to form a uniform macroporous structure if the temperature is too low. Therefore, 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol is used to react with wax. 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol regulates the intermolecular forces of wax to increase the intermolecular distance, so that the treated wax can melt faster at a lower temperature and enter 45-50°C hot water, thereby allowing the surface of the activator-embedded seeds to better form a macroporous structure without causing adverse effects on the internal seeds.

[0019] Sodium alginate reacts with calcium chloride to form gel to coat salicylic acid, gibberellin, etc. to continuously stimulate seeds. However, after sodium alginate forms gel and enters the soil, it is easy to decompose quickly under the action of soil ions, microorganisms, etc., thereby reducing its action time. Therefore, the present invention first adds sodium p-toluenesulfonate to the sodium alginate solution to treat it. After sodium p-toluenesulfonate combines with sodium alginate molecules, the action force between sodium alginate molecules is increased, so that the molecules can be better cross-linked in the subsequent gelation process with calcium chloride to form a gel with a more stable structure, thereby enhancing its stability in the soil, prolonging the action time, and allowing it to load salicylic acid, gibberellin, etc. to continuously stimulate seeds, promote seed germination, and improve the germination rate.

[0020] Furthermore, in step A, the mass ratio of insect wax to potassium hydroxide and 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol is (0.05-0.1):(0.0005-0.001):(0.002-0.004).

[0021] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the 5wt% sodium alginate solution to sodium p-toluenesulfonate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin, and sucrose in step B is (1-2): (0.01-0.02): (0.003-0.006): (0.0004-0.0006): (0.0002-0.0004): (0.0001-0.0002): (0.05-0.1).

[0022] Furthermore, in step C, the mass ratio of the sodium alginate mixed solution to the insect wax particles is (1-2): (0.02-0.04).

[0023] Furthermore, in step C, the activator seeds are soaked in 45-50° C. hot water.

[0024] Furthermore, the planting furrow has a depth of 2-3 cm and a furrow spacing of 25-30 cm.

[0025] Furthermore, the base fertilizer is obtained by mixing decomposed cow dung, humus soil and sawdust in a mass ratio of 10:6:3.

[0026] Furthermore, the sowing rate of the pretreated seeds is 1.2-1.5 kg / mu.

[0027] Beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention prepares a gel activator to coat the seeds of the Chinese ginseng, continuously stimulates the seeds and thereby increases the seed germination rate, so that the seeds of the Chinese ginseng can be better propagated, and the yield of the Chinese ginseng is increased, thereby ensuring the sustainable development and utilization of the Chinese ginseng.

[0029] 2. The present invention adopts a specific method to prepare a gel activator to coat the seeds, which continuously stimulates the seeds while ensuring a good respiratory metabolism level of the seeds. The coating layer has good water retention and can better provide the moisture required for seed germination, thereby effectively promoting seed germination. The method of the present invention is of great significance to the development of the Chinese ginseng industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 : This is a picture of the state of the Chinese ginseng seeds before disinfection of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 : This is a picture of the growth status of Chinese ginseng after transplanting according to Example 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0033] The invention discloses a method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds. Before sowing Chinese ginseng seeds, an activator needs to be prepared to coat the seeds to prepare pre-treated seeds, and then the seeds need to be treated to obtain sterilized seeds. The specific method is: soaking the seeds in water for 36 hours, then soaking them in a 75% ethanol solution for 40 seconds, washing them with water for 5 times, then sterilizing them in a 1wt% sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 minutes, and washing them with water for 5 times to obtain sterilized seeds; preparing sterilized seeds according to the method further prepares pre-treated seeds, as shown below.

[0034] Example 1: Pre-treated seed preparation

[0035] A: Heat 0.06 kg of insect wax to 80°C and stir until completely melted, then add 0.0008 kg of potassium hydroxide and 0.003 kg of 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol and stir to react at constant temperature for 7 hours. After the reaction is completed, naturally cool to room temperature to solidify, and then store at 4°C for later use;

[0036] B: Sodium alginate is added into water to prepare 1.5 kg of 5 wt% sodium alginate solution, 0.01-5 kg ​​of sodium p-toluenesulfonate is added, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours and then allowed to stand overnight; then 0.004 kg of salicylic acid, 0.0005 kg of gibberellin, 0.0003 kg of indoleacetic acid, 0.00015 kg of cytokinin and 0.07 kg of sucrose are added, the mixture is stirred thoroughly and the pH is adjusted to 6.5 to obtain a sodium alginate mixed solution;

[0037] C: Take out the wax preserved in step A, grind it, and pass it through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain wax microparticles; take 0.03 kg of wax microparticles and add them into 1.5 kg of sodium alginate mixed solution to mix well to obtain an activator; spray the activator onto the surface of the disinfected seeds to coat the seeds, spray 5 wt% calcium chloride solution 8 minutes later to gel the activator coated on the surface of the seeds, and spray the activator and 5 wt% calcium chloride solution in the same way after an interval of 20 minutes to obtain activator-embedded seeds; after 4 hours, put the activator-embedded seeds into 48° C. hot water, keep the constant temperature and stir slowly for 16 minutes, then take them out and wash them twice with water to obtain pretreated seeds.

[0038] Example 2: Pre-treated seed preparation

[0039] A: Heat 0.05 kg of insect wax to 80°C and stir until it is completely melted, then add 0.0005 kg of potassium hydroxide and 0.002 kg of 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol and stir to react at constant temperature for 6 hours. After the reaction is completed, naturally cool to room temperature to solidify, and then store at 4°C for later use;

[0040] B: Sodium alginate is added into water to prepare 1 kg of 5 wt% sodium alginate solution, 0.01 kg of sodium p-toluenesulfonate is added, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and then allowed to stand overnight; then 0.003 kg of salicylic acid, 0.0004 kg of gibberellin, 0.0002 kg of indoleacetic acid, 0.0001 kg of cytokinin and 0.05 kg of sucrose are added, the mixture is stirred thoroughly and the pH is adjusted to 6 to obtain a sodium alginate mixed solution;

[0041] C: Take out the wax preserved in step A, grind it, and pass it through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain wax microparticles; take 0.02 kg of wax microparticles and add them into 1 kg of sodium alginate mixed solution to mix well to obtain an activator; spray the activator onto the surface of the disinfected seeds to coat the seeds, spray 5 wt% calcium chloride solution 5 minutes later to gel the activator coated on the surface of the seeds, and spray the activator and 5 wt% calcium chloride solution in the same way after an interval of 20 minutes to obtain activator-embedded seeds; after 2 hours, put the activator-embedded seeds into 45° C. hot water, keep the constant temperature and stir slowly for 15 minutes, then take them out and wash them with water twice to obtain pretreated seeds.

[0042] Example 3: Pre-treated seed preparation

[0043] A: Heat 0.1 kg of insect wax to 85°C and stir until completely melted, then add 0.001 kg of potassium hydroxide and 0.004 kg of 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol and stir to react at constant temperature for 8 hours. After the reaction is completed, naturally cool to room temperature to solidify, and then store at 4°C for later use;

[0044] B: Sodium alginate is added into water to prepare 2 kg of 5 wt% sodium alginate solution, 0.02 kg of sodium p-toluenesulfonate is added, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 2 h and then allowed to stand overnight; then 0.006 kg of salicylic acid, 0.0006 kg of gibberellin, 0.0004 kg of indoleacetic acid, 0.0002 kg of cytokinin and 0.1 kg of sucrose are added, the mixture is stirred thoroughly and the pH is adjusted to 7 to obtain a sodium alginate mixed solution;

[0045] C: Take out the wax preserved in step A, grind it, and then pass it through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain wax microparticles; take 0.04 kg of wax microparticles and add them into 2 kg of sodium alginate mixed solution to mix well to obtain an activator; spray the activator onto the surface of the disinfected seeds to coat the seeds, and then spray 5 wt % calcium chloride solution 10 minutes later to gel the activator coated on the surface of the seeds, and then spray the activator and 5 wt % calcium chloride solution in the same way after an interval of 20 minutes to obtain activator-embedded seeds; after 5 hours, put the activator-embedded seeds into 50° C. hot water, keep the constant temperature and stir slowly for 20 minutes, then take them out and wash them with water twice to obtain pretreated seeds.

[0046] Comparative Example 1: Pre-treated seed preparation

[0047] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that in the step of pre-treating seeds in Comparative Example 1, potassium hydroxide and 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol are not added to treat the insect wax, but the wax is directly melted and stored at 4° C. for later use, as shown below:

[0048] A: Heat 0.06 kg of insect wax to 80°C and stir until it is completely melted, then cool it naturally to room temperature and solidify, then store it at 4°C for later use;

[0049] BC: Same as Example 1.

[0050] Comparative Example 2: Pre-treated seed preparation

[0051] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that in the preparation of pretreated seeds in Comparative Example 2, sodium p-toluenesulfonate is not added in step B for reaction, as shown below:

[0052] A: Same as Example 1;

[0053] B: sodium alginate is added into water to prepare 1.5 kg of 5 wt% sodium alginate solution, 0.004 kg of salicylic acid, 0.0005 kg of gibberellin, 0.0003 kg of indoleacetic acid, 0.00015 kg of cytokinin and 0.07 kg of sucrose are added, the mixture is stirred thoroughly and the pH is adjusted to 6.5 to obtain a sodium alginate mixed solution;

[0054] C: Same as Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 3: Pre-treated seed preparation

[0056] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 3, when preparing the pretreated seeds, no low-temperature storage treatment is performed in step A, as shown below:

[0057] A: Heat 0.06 kg of paraffin wax to 80°C and stir until it is completely melted, then add 0.0008 kg of potassium hydroxide and 0.003 kg of 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol and stir to react at constant temperature for 7 hours. After the reaction is completed, naturally cool to room temperature to solidify, and store at room temperature for later use;

[0058] BC: Same as Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 4: Pre-treated seed preparation

[0060] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that the pre-treated seeds in Comparative Example 4 lack the original step A, and the insect wax is not processed, but conventional insect wax is used, as shown below:

[0061] A: Sodium alginate is added into water to prepare 1.5 kg of 5 wt% sodium alginate solution, and 0.01-5 kg ​​of sodium p-toluenesulfonate is added. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours and then allowed to stand overnight. Then, 0.004 kg of salicylic acid, 0.0005 kg of gibberellin, 0.0003 kg of indoleacetic acid, 0.00015 kg of cytokinin and 0.07 kg of sucrose are added. The mixture is stirred thoroughly and the pH is adjusted to 6.5 to obtain a sodium alginate mixed solution.

[0062] B: Grind wax and pass it through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain wax microparticles; take 0.03 kg wax microparticles and add them into 1.5 kg sodium alginate mixed solution to mix well to obtain an activator; spray the activator onto the surface of disinfected seeds to coat the seeds, spray 5 wt% calcium chloride solution 8 minutes later to gel the activator coated on the surface of the seeds, and then spray the activator and 5 wt% calcium chloride solution in the same way after an interval of 20 minutes to obtain activator-embedded seeds; 4 hours later, put the activator-embedded seeds into 48°C hot water, keep the constant temperature and slowly stir for 16 minutes, then take them out and wash them twice with water to obtain pretreated seeds.

[0063] Comparative Example 5: Pre-treated seed preparation

[0064] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 5, no insect wax particles are added to the activator during the preparation of the pretreated seeds, as shown below:

[0065] A: Sodium alginate is added into water to prepare 1.5 kg of 5 wt% sodium alginate solution, and 0.01-5 kg ​​of sodium p-toluenesulfonate is added. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours and then allowed to stand overnight. Then, 0.004 kg of salicylic acid, 0.0005 kg of gibberellin, 0.0003 kg of indoleacetic acid, 0.00015 kg of cytokinin and 0.07 kg of sucrose are added. The mixture is stirred thoroughly and the pH is adjusted to 6.5 to obtain a sodium alginate mixture, i.e., an activator.

[0066] B: Spray the activator onto the surface of the disinfected seeds to coat the seeds, and then spray 5wt% calcium chloride solution 8 minutes later to gel the activator coated on the surface of the seeds. After an interval of 20 minutes, spray the activator and 5wt% calcium chloride solution in sequence in the same way to obtain activator-embedded seeds; 4 hours later, put the activator-embedded seeds into 48°C hot water, maintain constant temperature and slowly stir for 16 minutes, then fish out and wash with water twice to obtain pretreated seeds.

[0067] Comparative Example 6: Pre-treated seed preparation

[0068] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that the pretreated seeds in Comparative Example 6 are prepared according to a conventional method, as shown below:

[0069] Sodium alginate is added into water to prepare 1.5 kg of 5 wt% sodium alginate solution, 0.01-5 kg ​​of sodium p-toluenesulfonate is added, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours and then allowed to stand overnight; then 0.004 kg of salicylic acid, 0.0005 kg of gibberellin, 0.0003 kg of indoleacetic acid, 0.00015 kg of cytokinin and 0.07 kg of sucrose are added, the mixture is fully stirred and the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 to obtain a sodium alginate mixed solution, i.e., an activator; seeds are immersed in the activator and soaked for 24 hours to obtain pretreated seeds.

[0070] Example 4: Method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds

[0071] This example uses the pretreated seeds prepared in Example 1 for sowing

[0072] (1) Seed pretreatment: using the pretreated seeds prepared in Example 1;

[0073] (2) Soil pretreatment: The soil was plowed to a depth of about 25 cm, and after plowing, 0.1 wt% potassium permanganate solution was sprayed to disinfect the soil; 1000 kg / mu of basal fertilizer was obtained by mixing decomposed cow dung, humus, and sawdust in a mass ratio of 10:6:3, and then the basal fertilizer was applied, and then the soil was finely raked and leveled, and planting furrows were dug with a furrow spacing of about 26 cm and a furrow depth of about 3 cm;

[0074] (3) Sowing: Sow the pretreated seeds in the planting furrow at a rate of 1.4 kg / mu;

[0075] (4) Maintenance and transplanting: Regular watering, weeding, fertilization and other maintenance operations should be carried out. When the seedlings grow to a height of 6-7 cm, they can be transplanted.

[0076] Experiment 1: Determination of the melting properties of insect wax

[0077] 0.06 kg of wax samples were prepared according to the method in step A of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, and then the melting properties of each were measured. The specific measurement method was as follows: the prepared wax sample was put into 45°C hot water and slowly stirred for 15 minutes, and the melting rate of the wax in hot water was observed (melting rate = amount of wax melted / amount of wax put in × 100%). The experiment was divided into 4 groups: Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3 and blank control (the blank control was conventional untreated wax), and the data were shown in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1

[0079] Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 3 Blank control Melting rate (%) 78.6％ 25.3％ 53.5％ 2.78％

[0080] According to the data in Table 1:

[0081] According to the present invention, after the wax is processed in the whole piece and placed in 45°C hot water for 15 minutes, the melting rate of the wax can reach 78.6%, indicating that the wax is processed according to the method of the present invention and ground into microparticles and then embedded in the activator, and can basically melt and flow out after being treated in hot water at a relatively low temperature, thereby forming a porous structure on the surface of the coated seeds, so as to ensure the respiratory metabolic activity of the seeds and ensure the germination of the seeds; in comparative example 1, 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol is not added to the wax, and in comparative example 3, the wax is not subjected to low-temperature treatment, and the obtained wax has a high melting temperature and is difficult to be used in the seed coating process.

[0082] Experiment 2: Degradability test of pre-treated seed activator gel

[0083] The degradability of the gel formed after the activator in Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 5 was measured, and the experimental method was as follows:

[0084] 30 g of activator sample was prepared according to the methods of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 respectively; 20 g of activator was taken, loaded into a syringe, and slowly injected into a 5 wt % calcium chloride solution to gel to obtain gel particles, which were washed with clean water and then buried in the soil (buried at a depth of 15 cm in the soil layer) to detect the degradation in the soil;

[0085] A blank control was added to the experiment. A 5 wt% sodium alginate solution was directly prepared as a sample for the blank control (no salicylic acid, gibberellin and other substances were added). A 5 wt% calcium chloride solution was slowly injected with a syringe to gel to obtain gel particles, which were then washed with clean water.

[0086] The degradability of the gel particles prepared by Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and the blank control method in soil was determined according to the above method. Specifically, the degradation rate of each group of gel particles was detected after 25 days (calculated by mass loss rate, specifically, degradation rate = mass of gel particles after 25 days / initial mass of gel particles × 100%), and the data were shown in Table 2.

[0087] Table 2

[0088] Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Blank control Degradation rate (%) 53.2％ 89.3％ 100％

[0089] According to the data in Table 2:

[0090] The degradation rate of the gel particles formed by the gelation of the activator prepared in Example 1 in the soil is relatively slow, and the degradation rate in the soil after 30 days is 63.2%, indicating that after sodium alginate is treated according to the method of the present invention and loaded with gibberellin to prepare an activator for seed coating treatment, the gel formed by sodium alginate has better stability, a slow degradation rate in the soil, and a long action time, and can then load hormones such as gibberellin to continuously stimulate the seeds to better promote seed germination.

[0091] Experiment 3: Germination rate detection experiment

[0092] 1. A Chinese ginseng seed sowing experiment was carried out in an experimental field in Laoyu Township, Huyi District, Xi'an City. The experiment was divided into 10 groups: experimental groups 1-3, control groups 1-6, and blank control groups; experimental groups 1-3 were sown using the pretreated seeds prepared by the methods of Examples 1-3 according to the method of Example 4; control groups 1-6 were sown using the pretreated seeds prepared by the methods of Comparative Examples 1-6 according to the method of Example 4; the blank control group did not pretreat the seeds, but directly sowed the sterilized seeds according to the method of Example 4; the sowing amount of each group was 30 seeds, and then the germination rate of each group of seeds was detected 35 days after sowing, and the data were shown in Table 3.

[0093] Table 3

[0094]

[0095] According to the data in Table 3:

[0096] (1) According to the method of the present invention, the germination rate of Chinese ginseng seeds was lower than that of conventional plants. However, the germination rates of seeds in the experimental groups 1-3 were all higher than 65%, while the germination rate of Chinese ginseng seeds in the blank control was only 10.0%. The germination and renewal ability of Chinese ginseng seeds themselves was low. The germination rate of Chinese ginseng seeds can be increased to more than 65% by the method of the present invention, indicating that the method of the present invention can better utilize Chinese ginseng seeds for reproduction, which is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development and utilization of Chinese ginseng.

[0097] (2) In the control group 1, 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol was not added to the wax during the preparation of the pretreated seeds. The melting temperature of wax was high, and a large amount of wax particles were not melted out, which inhibited the respiratory metabolism of the seeds and reduced the germination rate. In the control group 2, sodium p-toluenesulfonate was not added to the sodium alginate gel during the preparation of the pretreated seeds. As a result, the activator was rapidly degraded in the soil after coating the seeds, resulting in the loss of gibberellins and other substances, which failed to better activate the seeds and reduced the seed germination rate. In the control group 5, wax particles were not added during the preparation of the pretreated seeds. The respiratory metabolism of the seeds was inhibited, and the germination rate was significantly reduced.

[0098] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds, characterized in that: The method is as follows: (1) Seed pretreatment: soaking and sterilizing the seeds to obtain sterilized seeds; The sterilized seeds are embedded with an activator to obtain pretreated seeds; (2) Soil pretreatment: plough and disinfect the soil, apply base fertilizer, then harrow and level the soil and dig planting trenches; (3) sowing: sowing the pretreated seeds in the planting furrow; (4) Maintenance and transplanting: Regular maintenance operations such as watering, weeding and fertilizing should be carried out. When the seedlings grow to a height of 6-7 cm, they can be transplanted.

2. A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing pretreated seeds by embedding seeds with activator is as follows: A: Heat the wax to 75-85℃ and stir to melt, then add potassium hydroxide and 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol and stir to react for 6-8h at constant temperature. After the reaction is completed, cool naturally to room temperature to solidify, and then store at 4℃ for later use; B: Sodium alginate is added into water to prepare a 5wt% sodium alginate solution, and then sodium p-toluenesulfonate is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1-2 hours and then allowed to stand overnight; salicylic acid, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin and sucrose are then added, and the mixture is stirred thoroughly and the pH is adjusted to 6-7 to obtain a sodium alginate mixed solution; C: taking out the paraffin wax preserved in step A, grinding it, and then passing it through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain paraffin wax microparticles; adding the paraffin wax microparticles into a sodium alginate mixture and mixing them evenly to obtain an activator; spraying the activator onto the surface of the disinfected seeds to embed the seeds, spraying a 5wt% calcium chloride solution 5-10 minutes later to gel the activator coated on the surface of the seeds, and spraying the activator and the 5wt% calcium chloride solution in the same manner in sequence after an interval of 20 minutes to obtain activator-embedded seeds; after 2-5 hours, soaking the activator-embedded seeds in hot water for 15-20 minutes, taking them out, and washing them with water to obtain pretreated seeds.

3. A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step A, the mass ratio of the insect wax to potassium hydroxide and 4-tert-butyl cyclohexanol is (0.05-0.1):(0.0005-0.001):(0.002-0.004).

4. A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of 5wt% sodium alginate solution to sodium p-toluenesulfonate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin and sucrose in step B is (1-2): (0.01-0.02): (0.003-0.006): (0.0004-0.0006): (0.0002-0.0004): (0.0001-0.0002): (0.05-0.1).

5. A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step C, the mass ratio of the sodium alginate mixed solution to the wax microparticles is (1-2): (0.02-0.04).

6. A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step C, the activator seeds are soaked in 45-50° C. hot water.

7. A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The planting furrow depth is 2-3 cm, and the furrow spacing is 25-30 cm.

8. A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base fertilizer is obtained by mixing decomposed cow dung, humus soil and sawdust.

9. A method for sowing Chinese ginseng seeds according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sowing rate of the pretreated seeds is 1.2-1.5 kg / mu.

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