Artificial pollination device for corn breeding and pollination method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of corn pollination, in particular to an artificial pollination device for corn breeding and a pollination method.The artificial pollination device comprises a pollination rod, the pollination rod is in signal connection with a pollination system, the bottom end of the pollination rod is fixedly connected with an electric control cylinder, and driving cavities are symmetrically formed in the pollination rod; driving assemblies used for adjusting the distance according to the heights of corn stamens and pistils are arranged in the driving cavities, the two ends of each driving assembly are fixedly connected with a flapping assembly and a spraying assembly respectively, and a vibration assembly communicates between the flapping assembly and the spraying assembly; one side, far away from the pollination rod, of the top of the extension plate is fixedly connected with a recognition assembly. The stamens are flapped through vibration, pollen is conveyed to the spraying cavity to pollinate pistils, in the flapping process, due to limiting of the flapping assembly, more stamen pollen can fall into the pollen box, and pollen waste and pollution to other corn plants are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of corn pollination, and in particular to an artificial pollination device for corn breeding and a pollination method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most important crops in the world, corn is not only the main source of human food, but also the raw material of various industrial products. In recent years, with the development of science and technology and the progress of corn deep processing technology, the use and value of corn have been further explored. The increasing demand for starch processing industry, modified starch industry, corn chemical alcohol industry and corn oil and other products has promoted the rapid development of corn planting industry. Artificial pollination refers to the technical measures of artificially transferring plant pollen to the stigma to increase the seed rate and create genetic recombination of plant varieties. Since corn is a cross-pollinated crop, in corn breeding, artificial assisted pollination for many generations is required to ensure that the corn plants are strictly self-pollinated, so that the genotype tends to be homozygous and the excellent traits can be stably inherited, so as to achieve the purpose of variety improvement.

[0003] Although artificial pollination technology is widely used in corn breeding, existing pollination methods still have some defects. Traditional pollination methods, such as direct artificial pollination, have a high pollination success rate, but are cumbersome to operate, labor-intensive, and require certain skills and experience. Although the shaking pollination method is simple to operate, time-saving and labor-saving, the pollination success rate is relatively low and is easily affected by factors such as weather. In addition, existing pollination devices often have a single function and cannot achieve efficient collection and accurate pollination of pollen, causing most of the pollen to be dispersed in the air, reducing the pollination amount of corn pistils and contaminating other corn plants. In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes an artificial pollination device for corn breeding and a pollination method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an artificial pollination device for corn breeding and a pollination method thereof, which pollinates the pistil by vibrating and beating the stamens and transporting the pollen to a spray chamber. During the beating process, due to the limitation of the beating component, more stamen pollen can fall into the pollen box, thereby avoiding pollen waste and contamination of other corn plants.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: an artificial pollination device for corn breeding, comprising a pollination rod, the pollination rod signal is connected to a pollination system, the bottom end of the pollination rod is detachably connected to a seat connected to the pollination system signal, the bottom end of the pollination rod is fixedly connected to an electric control cylinder, the electric control cylinder is connected to the pollination system signal, a symmetrically arranged driving cavity is opened in the pollination rod, a slide groove corresponding to the driving cavity is opened on the pollination rod, a driving component for adjusting the distance according to the height of the corn stamens and pistils is arranged in the driving cavity, and the two ends of the driving component are respectively A beating assembly for shaking and beating corn stamen pollen within a limit range and a spraying assembly for pollinating the pistil are fixedly connected, the beating assembly and the spraying assembly both extend through the slide slot to the outside of the pollination rod, a vibration assembly is connected between the beating assembly and the spraying assembly, the vibration assembly is driven by the beating assembly to vibrate the spraying assembly to shake and spray the stamen pollen, and the vibration assembly is also used to transport the corn stamen pollen shaken and beaten by the beating assembly to the spraying assembly, and the driving assembly, the beating assembly and the spraying assembly are all connected to the controller signal;

[0006] An extension plate is fixedly connected to the top of the pollination rod, and an identification component for identifying the height of corn is fixedly connected to the side of the top of the extension plate away from the pollination rod, and the identification component is connected to the pollination system signal.

[0007] The technical principles of the above scheme are as follows:

[0008] Connect the pollination rod to the vehicle seat, or enter the corn field by holding the pollination rod manually. The pollination component identifies the corn plant and transmits it to the pollination system. After the pollination system obtains the height information of the stamens and pistils, it adjusts the length of the pollination rod through the electric control cylinder, and adjusts the height of the slapping component and the spraying component respectively through the driving component until the stamens and pistils are aligned. The slapping component reciprocates to slap the corn stamen pollen, and the vibrating component transports the pollen to the spraying component. At the same time, the vibrating component keeps shaking to speed up the pollen transport speed, and the pollen of the corn stamens is sprayed to the pistils through the spraying component to achieve pollination.

[0009] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. In this solution, the beating component effectively beats the corn stamen pollen through reciprocating motion, making the pollen easier to fall off and directly collected and transported to the vibration component, reducing the tedious process of manual pollen collection; the limiting of the beating component allows more stamen pollen to enter the vibration component, reducing the waste of pollen during the beating process and contamination of other plants.

[0011] 2. In this solution, the vibration component is not only used to transport pollen, but also accelerates the transport speed of pollen by continuous shaking, ensuring that the pollen can be quickly transported to the spraying component. In addition, due to the reciprocating shaking action of the vibration component, the spraying component is driven to shake together, so that the spraying component can spray the pollen of the stamens to different parts of the pistil, avoiding the situation where only a single part is pollinated while other parts have only a small amount of pollen, thereby greatly improving the pollination efficiency.

[0012] 3. In this solution, the recognition component can accurately identify the height of the corn plant, including the position of the stamens and pistils, and provide accurate data support for the pollination system. The electric control cylinder and the drive component automatically adjust the length of the pollination rod and the height of the flapping component and the spraying component according to the recognition results, ensuring that the pollination device can accurately align the stamens and pistils to achieve accurate pollination; the electric control cylinder and the drive component have a wide adjustment range and can adapt to corn plants of different heights to ensure the smooth progress of the pollination process.

[0013] Furthermore, the identification component includes cameras symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the extension plate, and the cameras are both connected to the pollination system signal.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The symmetrically arranged cameras can capture images on both sides of the corn plant at the same time, realize simultaneous pollination of corn plants on both sides of the row spacing, and improve pollination efficiency; by capturing images of corn plants in real time through the camera, the pollination system can quickly obtain the height information of stamens and pistils, and adjust the length of the pollination rod and the height of the flapping component and the spraying component accordingly, so as to achieve the purpose of precise pollination.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving components include a double-axis motor fixedly connected to the inner wall of the driving chamber away from the slide groove, the output shafts at both ends of the double-axis motor are coaxially fixedly connected with a first screw rod and a second screw rod respectively, the first screw rod is coaxially threadedly connected with a first nut seat, the first nut seat is fixedly connected to the flapping component on the side close to the slide groove, the second screw rod is coaxially threadedly connected with a second nut seat, and the second nut seat is fixedly connected to the spraying component on the side close to the slide groove.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The dual-axis motor can drive the first screw rod and the second screw rod to rotate at the same time, and the first nut seat can drive the flapping assembly to move up and down. Since the height of each corn plant is different, the distance from the stigma stamen to the pistil is also different. The pollination system can control the rotation speed of the output shafts at both ends of the dual-axis motor separately, so that the first screw rod and the second screw rod can reach different heights respectively, thereby improving the accuracy of pollination.

[0017] Furthermore, the flapping assemblies include a first connecting rod and a hollow device box, the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding first nut seat, one end of the first connecting rod away from the first nut seat extends to the inner wall of the device box and is fixedly connected to the device box, a base is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device box, a servo motor is fixedly connected to the top of the base, the first rotating shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, a connecting piece is fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating shaft away from the servo motor, a second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting piece away from the first rotating shaft, a limiting assembly is sleeved on the second rotating shaft, a flapping plate is symmetrically provided on the limiting assembly, a side of the flapping plate away from the servo motor passes through the device box and extends to the outside of the device box, a pollen box is provided on the side of the device box close to the flapping plate, the pollen box is located below the flapping plate, and the limiting assembly is used to limit the movable range of the flapping plate;

[0018] One end of the second rotating shaft away from the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the vibration component.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The servo motor can accurately control the vibration frequency and strength of the flapping board to adapt to corn plants of different types and growth states. Driven by the servo motor, the flapping board can generate high-frequency vibrations, effectively flapping the corn stamen pollen, making the pollen easier to fall off and be collected in the pollen box, so that more pollen falls into the pollen box, improving the pollen collection efficiency. The limit assembly limits the movable range of the flapping board, ensuring the stability and reliability of the flapping board in the process of flapping and collecting pollen.

[0020] Furthermore, the limit assembly includes a limit block, a limit slot is opened in the limit block, the movement trajectory of the second rotating shaft is located in the limit slot, and limit holes are symmetrically provided on the side of the base away from the servo motor. Transmission rods are fixedly connected on both sides of the limit block, and the ends of the transmission rods away from the limit block pass through the limit holes and the limit holes are located in the movement trajectory of the transmission rods, and the flapping plates are fixedly connected to the transmission rods respectively.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The limiting groove in the limiting block provides a precise motion trajectory for the second rotating shaft, thereby accurately controlling the motion range and strength of the flapping plate to adapt to corn plants of different types and growth states. Since the flapping plates are symmetrically arranged on the transmission rod, when the stamens on the inner side of the flapping plates are reciprocatedly flapped, the flapping plates on both sides can prevent pollen from leaking out, and the precise limiting effect of the limiting assembly also ensures that the flapping plates will not damage the stamens during vibration, thereby improving the pollination efficiency and quality.

[0022] Furthermore, a beating pad is fixedly connected to one side opposite to the beating board.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By setting up the beating pad, it can ensure that while pollen is collected efficiently, no irreversible damage will be caused to the stamens, which is beneficial to the normal growth and development of corn. The softness and elasticity of the beating pad help to better fit the stamen pollen, ensuring that the pollen can fall off more fully and be collected in the pollen box during the beating process.

[0024] Further, the vibration components all include a hollow base fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the device box near the pollen box, a piston groove is provided on the top of the base, a piston assembly is provided in the base, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device box, a transmission arm is rotatably connected to the fixing rod, a connecting shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, a rotating tooth is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the connecting shaft away from the second rotating shaft, the transmission arm is located in the motion trajectory of the rotating tooth, and the piston assembly is located in the motion trajectory of the transmission arm;

[0025] The piston assemblies include a hollow piston cap and a hollow piston rod. The piston cap and the piston rod are provided with interconnected channels for transporting pollen knocked off corn stamens, and a transport pipe is connected between the channel in the piston cap and the pollen box. The piston cap is located in the motion trajectory of the transmission arm, and the piston rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cap. A spring for limiting and elastic reset is fixedly connected between the piston cap and the bottom wall of the piston groove, and the piston rod passes through the inner bottom wall of the base and is connected to the spray assembly.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The piston assembly is driven by the transmission arm and the rotating teeth to generate reciprocating motion inside the base, thereby effectively transporting the pollen knocked off the corn stamens by the flapping plate to the spray assembly; the design of the piston cap and the piston rod ensures the sealing and stability of the pollen during the transportation process, avoiding waste and leakage of pollen; the connecting shaft, rotating teeth and transmission arm and other components in the vibration assembly not only drive the piston assembly to transport pollen, but also generate a vibration effect, which helps to transport pollen faster and avoid the adhesion and retention of pollen in the piston cap and the piston rod. The vibration effect can also promote the adhesion and diffusion of pollen on the pistil, thereby improving the success rate of pollination.

[0027] Furthermore, the spraying components include a telescopic tube and a pollination nozzle. The top and bottom ends of the telescopic tube are respectively connected to the channel in the piston rod and the pollination nozzle. A second connecting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the pollination nozzle. The end of the second connecting rod away from the pollination nozzle is fixedly connected to the corresponding second nut seat.

[0028] Beneficial effect: By moving the second nut seat on the second screw rod, the position of the pollination nozzle can be accurately adjusted. The telescopic tube allows the pollination nozzle to be extended or contracted when adjusted according to the height of the corn plant, thereby adapting to pollination needs at different heights.

[0029] Further, the pollination system includes an identification module, a receiving module, an analysis module, a control module and a recording module;

[0030] The recognition module is used to obtain image information of stamens and pistils in the corn field through a camera, and transmit it to the receiving module and the recording module respectively;

[0031] The receiving module is used to receive the image information from the recognition module and transmit it to the analysis module for analysis;

[0032] The analysis module is used to analyze the image information of the corn stamens and pistils, and after obtaining the heights of the stamens and pistils through analysis, output them to the control module and the recording module respectively;

[0033] The control module is used to control the pollination device and receive the height information of the corn stamens and pistils obtained by the analysis module, and control and adjust the length of the pollination rod, the height of the beating assembly and the height of the spraying assembly according to the information of the analysis module;

[0034] The recording module is used to record the number of corn stamen and pistil images collected by the recognition module and the number of results analyzed by the analysis module, so as to obtain the number of corns pollinated by the pollination device at this time.

[0035] Beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The recognition module uses a camera to capture the image information of stamens and pistils in the corn field, which can accurately identify the stamens and pistils of corn. This function ensures that the pollination device can accurately align with the target for pollination, avoiding errors and omissions that may occur in traditional pollination methods.

[0037] 2. After receiving the image information, the receiving module transmits it to the analysis module for height analysis. The analysis module can analyze the height of the stamens and pistils based on the image information, providing a precise control basis for the control module.

[0038] 3. The control module intelligently adjusts the length of the pollination rod, the height of the beating component and the height of the spraying component according to the height information provided by the analysis module to ensure that the pollination device can adapt to corn plants of different heights and achieve precise pollination.

[0039] 4. The recording module can record the number of corn stamens and pistils images collected by the recognition module and the number of results analyzed by the analysis module, so as to obtain the number of corn pollinations by the pollination device at this time. This function can not only view the pollination status of the pollination rod in real time, but also provide a reliable basis for subsequent data analysis and effect evaluation, which is helpful to further optimize the pollination strategy and improve the pollination efficiency.

[0040] 5. Through intelligent identification, analysis and regulation, the pollination system can significantly improve pollination efficiency and accuracy. Compared with traditional artificial pollination methods, this system can identify targets faster and locate pollination positions more accurately. By adjusting the parameters of the identification module, analysis module and control module, it can achieve accurate pollination of corn plants at different heights and different growth environments. The use of an automated and intelligent pollination system can greatly reduce manual intervention and reduce labor costs. At the same time, since the system can accurately identify targets and perform automatic regulation, it can also reduce pollination failures or waste caused by improper human operation.

[0041] Furthermore, an artificial pollination method for corn breeding comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step 1, preparation: prepare the pollination rod. The pollination rod can be used for pollination by walking in the field manually, or the pollination rod and the saddle can be brought to the corn field, the pollination rod can be rotated and inserted into the saddle, and the saddle can be controlled by the pollination system to carry the pollination rod in the corn field for pollination. When the pollination rod is used, the end with the extension plate is always located in the front;

[0043] Step 2, identification process: When artificially pollinating corn, the cameras on both sides will first identify the corn plants on both sides of the row spacing, transmit through the identification module of the pollination system, and then obtain the height of the stamens and pistils of the corn through the analysis module. The pollination system adjusts the length of the pollination rod and drives the device box and the pollination nozzle to move up and down. During the adjustment process, the camera continuously determines the stamens and pistils of the corn plant and adjusts the height of the device box and the pollination nozzle through the control module until it is aligned with the stamens and pistils;

[0044] Step three, pollination process: after the device box and the pollination nozzle are respectively aimed at the stamens and pistils of the corn, the flapping plate reciprocates and flaps the stamens of the corn stigma into the pollen box, and transports the pollen from the pollen box to the pollination nozzle for pollination through the channel of the piston cap and the piston rod. During this process, the piston rod is also driven to vibrate back and forth, and then transmitted to the telescopic tube and the pollination nozzle through the shaking of the piston rod, further accelerating the movement speed of the pollen in the telescopic tube, and realizing uniform pollination of the pistil through the vibration of the telescopic tube and the pollination nozzle.

[0045] Beneficial effects: 1. The camera and the identification module of the pollination system can accurately identify the stamens and pistils of corn plants and obtain their height information. This function ensures that the pollination device can accurately aim at the target for pollination, avoiding errors and omissions that may occur in traditional pollination methods.

[0046] 2. Through the control module of the pollination system, the length of the pollination rod, the height of the device box and the pollination nozzle can be intelligently adjusted to adapt to corn plants of different heights and growth states. This intelligent adjustment function makes the pollination process more flexible and efficient; during the pollination process, the servo motor drives the flapping plate to reciprocate, flapping the stamens of the corn stigma into the pollen box, and then the pollen is transported to the pollination nozzle through the piston assembly and telescopic tube for pollination, which not only improves the pollination efficiency, but also ensures the uniform distribution of pollen.

[0047] 3. The piston cap and the piston rod are driven by the linkage of the connecting shaft, the rotating teeth and the transmission arm, and due to the reset effect of the spring, the piston cap and the piston rod can shake back and forth, and then transmit the shaking frequency to the telescopic tube and the pollination nozzle, which not only prevents the adhesion of pollen in the piston cap, the piston rod and the telescopic rod, but also speeds up the movement speed of the pollen in the telescopic tube. Moreover, this shaking effect not only helps the pollen to reach the pollination nozzle faster, but also realizes uniform pollination of the pistil through the vibration of the telescopic tube and the pollination nozzle, thereby improving the pollination quality and success rate.

[0048] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pollination device according to an embodiment of an artificial pollination device for corn breeding and a pollination method thereof of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a device box of an embodiment of an artificial pollination device for corn breeding and a pollination method thereof of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is an axonometric schematic diagram of a beating assembly and a limiting assembly of an embodiment of an artificial pollination device for corn breeding and a pollination method thereof of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the method steps of an artificial pollination device for corn breeding and a pollination method embodiment thereof.

[0053] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. pollination rod; 2. device box; 3. first nut seat; 4. first connecting rod; 5. first screw rod; 6. drive chamber; 7. telescopic tube; 8. pollination nozzle; 9. electric cylinder; 10. second screw rod; 11. second nut seat; 12. second connecting rod; 13. dual-axis motor; 14. pollen box; 15. flapping plate; 16. extension plate; 17. camera; 18. servo motor; 19. base; 20. piston rod; 21. spring; 22. piston cap; 23. delivery pipe; 24. transmission arm; 25. rotating teeth; 26. first rotating shaft; 27. limit block; 28. transmission rod; 29. ​​second rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0058] Embodiment 1:

[0059] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown: an artificial pollination device for corn breeding, comprising a pollination rod 1, the pollination rod 1 is connected to a pollination system by signal, the bottom end of the pollination rod 1 is detachably connected to a seat connected to the pollination system signal, the bottom end of the pollination rod 1 is fixedly connected to an electric control cylinder 9, the electric control cylinder 9 is connected to the pollination system signal, a symmetrically arranged driving cavity 6 is opened in the pollination rod 1, a slide groove corresponding to the driving cavity 6 is opened on the pollination rod 1, a driving component for adjusting the distance according to the height of the corn stamens and pistils is arranged in the driving cavity 6, and both ends of the driving component are fixedly connected to A beating component for shaking and beating corn stamen pollen within a limit range and a spraying component for pollinating pistils are connected. Both the beating component and the spraying component extend through the slide groove to the outside of the pollination rod 1. A vibration component is connected between the beating component and the spraying component. The vibration component is driven by the beating component to vibrate the spraying component to shake and spray the stamen pollen. The vibration component is also used to transport the corn stamen pollen shaken and beaten by the beating component to the spraying component. The driving component, the beating component and the spraying component are all connected to the controller signal.

[0060] An extension plate 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the pollination rod 1 , and an identification component for identifying the height of corn is fixedly connected to the side of the top of the extension plate 16 away from the pollination rod 1 , and the identification component is connected to the pollination system signal.

[0061] The identification component includes cameras 17 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the extension plate 16, and the cameras 17 are both connected to the pollination system signal.

[0062] The driving components include a double-axis motor 13 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the driving chamber 6 away from the slide groove. The output shafts at both ends of the double-axis motor 13 are coaxially fixedly connected to the first screw rod 5 and the second screw rod 10 respectively. The first screw rod 5 is coaxially threadedly connected to the first nut seat 3, and the first nut seat 3 is fixedly connected to the flapping component on the side close to the slide groove. The second screw rod 10 is coaxially threadedly connected to the second nut seat 11, and the second nut seat 11 is fixedly connected to the spraying component on the side close to the slide groove.

[0063] The flapping components all include a first connecting rod 4 and a hollow device box 2, the first connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the corresponding first nut seat 3, the end of the first connecting rod 4 away from the first nut seat 3 extends to the inner wall of the device box 2 and is fixedly connected to the device box 2, a base 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device box 2, a servo motor 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 19, the output shaft of the servo motor 18 is coaxially fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 26, the end of the first rotating shaft 26 away from the servo motor 18 is fixedly connected to a connecting piece, the end of the connecting piece away from the first rotating shaft 26 is fixedly connected to a second rotating shaft 29, a limiting component is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 29, and a flapping plate 1 is symmetrically provided on the limiting component 5. The side of the beating plate 15 away from the servo motor 18 passes through the device box 2 and extends to the outside of the device box 2. A pollen box 14 is provided on the side of the device box 2 close to the beating plate 15. The pollen box 14 is located below the beating plate 15. The limiting component is used to limit the movable range of the beating plate 15. The opposite side of the beating plate 15 is fixedly connected with a beating pad. By setting the beating pad, it can be ensured that while pollen is collected efficiently, irreversible damage to the stamens will not be caused, which is beneficial to the normal growth and development of corn. The softness and elasticity of the beating pad help to better fit the stamen pollen, ensuring that the pollen can be more fully shed and collected in the pollen box 14 during the beating process.

[0064] The limit assembly includes a limit block 27, a limit slot is opened in the limit block 27, the movement trajectory of the second rotating shaft 29 is located in the limit slot, and limit holes are symmetrically provided on the side of the base 19 away from the servo motor 18. Transmission rods 28 are fixedly connected on both sides of the limit block 27, and one end of the transmission rod 28 away from the limit block 27 passes through the limit hole and the limit hole is located in the movement trajectory of the transmission rod 28, and the flapping plate 15 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 28 respectively.

[0065] One end of the second rotating shaft 29 away from the first connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the vibration assembly.

[0066] The vibration components all include a hollow base fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the device box 2 on the side close to the pollen box 14, a piston groove is provided on the top of the base, a piston assembly is provided in the base, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device box 2, a transmission arm 24 is rotatably connected to the fixing rod, a connecting shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 29, a rotating tooth 25 is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the connecting shaft away from the second rotating shaft 29, the transmission arm 24 is located in the motion trajectory of the rotating tooth 25, and the piston assembly is located in the motion trajectory of the transmission arm 24.

[0067] The piston assemblies include a hollow piston cap 22 and a hollow piston rod 20. The piston cap 22 and the piston rod 20 are provided with interconnected channels for transporting pollen knocked off from corn stamens, and a transport pipe 23 is connected between the channel in the piston cap 22 and the pollen box 14. The piston cap 22 is located in the movement trajectory of the transmission arm 24, and the piston rod 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cap 22. A spring 21 for limiting and elastic reset is fixedly connected between the piston cap 22 and the bottom wall of the piston groove, and the piston rod 20 passes through the bottom wall of the base to communicate with the spray assembly.

[0068] The spraying components include a telescopic tube 7 and a pollination nozzle 8. The top and bottom ends of the telescopic tube 7 are respectively connected to the channel in the piston rod 20 and the pollination nozzle 8. A second connecting rod 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the pollination nozzle 8. The end of the second connecting rod 12 away from the pollination nozzle 8 is fixedly connected to the corresponding second nut seat 11.

[0069] The specific implementation process is as follows: prepare a pollination rod 1. The pollination rod 1 can be used for pollination by walking in the field manually, or the pollination rod 1 and the vehicle seat can be brought to the corn field, the pollination rod 1 is rotated and inserted into the vehicle seat, and the vehicle seat is controlled by the pollination system to carry the pollination rod 1 in the corn field for pollination. When the pollination rod 1 is used, one end with the extension plate 16 is always located in the front.

[0070] Since corn plants generally grow tall, the electric cylinder 9 first drives the pollination rod 1 to extend. During the forward process, the extension plate 16 is always located in the front, moving the pollination rod 1 between the corn plants on both sides to be pollinated, and ensuring that the corn plants are located between the two flapping plates 15. For corn planted in multiple rows, the cameras 17 on both sides will first identify the corn plants on both sides of the row spacing, transmit them through the pollination system, and then obtain the stamen and pistil heights of the corn on both sides of the row spacing through the pollination system. The pollination system drives the electric cylinder 9 to adjust the length of the pollination rod 1 to move the pollination rod 1 down to be flush with the top of the corn plant, so that the camera 17 can better obtain image information of the corn plant, and start the dual-axis motor 13 through the pollination system. By pollinating the corn plants on both sides at the same time, the pollination cycle can be significantly shortened and the overall operation efficiency can be improved.

[0071] Since the height difference between the stamens and pistils of different corn plants may vary, the pollination system controls the rotation speed of the output shafts at both ends of the dual-axis motor 13 separately, drives the first screw rod 5 and the second screw rod 10 to rotate, and then the first nut seat 3 and the second nut seat 11 respectively drive the device box 2 and the pollination nozzle 8 to move up and down. During the adjustment process, the camera 17 continuously determines the stamens and pistils of the corn plant and fine-tunes the height of the device box 2 and the pollination nozzle 8 through the pollination system until the flapping plate 15 of the device box 2 is aligned with the stamens and the pollination nozzle 8 is aligned with the pistil. The rotation speed of the output shafts at both ends of the dual-axis motor 13 is separately controlled by the pollination system, and the camera 17 continuously determines the stamens and pistils of the corn plant, so that the flapping plate 15 of the device box 2 can be accurately aligned with the stamens and the pollination nozzle 8 can be accurately aligned with the pistil. This high-precision positioning ensures the accuracy of the pollination process and avoids pollination failure caused by misalignment.

[0072] After the device box 2 and the pollination nozzle 8 are respectively aimed at the stamens and pistils of the corn, the controller starts the servo motor 18, and the servo motor 18 drives the first rotating shaft 26 to rotate, and the second rotating shaft 29 is rotated in the limiting groove of the limiting block 27 through the connecting piece, thereby driving the transmission rod 28 to reciprocate, and the flapping plate 15 reciprocates on the transmission rod 28 at the same time and flaps the stamens of the corn stigma into the pollen box 14. Since the flapping plate 15 is symmetrically arranged on the transmission rod 28, when reciprocatingly flapping the stamens on the inner side of the flapping plate 15, the flapping plates 15 on both sides can prevent the stamen pollen from leaking out and contaminating the pistils of other corn plants, and the precise limiting effect of the limiting component also ensures that the flapping plate 15 will not damage the stamens during the vibration process, thereby improving the pollination efficiency and quality.

[0073] The pollination system opens the valve, and the pollen from the pollen box 14 enters the telescopic tube 7 through the hollow piston cap 22 and the piston rod 20. The telescopic tube 7 then transports the pollen to the pollination nozzle 8 for pollination. Since most pollen is sticky, it is easy to adhere to the inner wall of the telescopic tube 7 during transportation. Therefore, in this process, the second rotating shaft 29 will drive the connecting shaft to rotate during the rotation, and then drive the protruding part of the rotating tooth 25 to intermittently press the transmission arm 24. The transmission arm 24 will knock the piston cap 22 while being pressed to make a reciprocating motion, so that the piston cap 22 and the piston rod 20 move downward. At this time, the spring 21 is compressed. When the transmission arm 24 is away from the piston cap 22, the piston cap 22 is no longer under pressure, and the spring 21 pushes the piston cap 22 to reset, thereby resetting the piston rod 20. The reciprocating cycle can achieve the purpose of shaking the piston rod 20, thereby transmitting the shaking of the piston rod 20. The telescopic tube 7 and the pollination nozzle 8 are moved to the telescopic tube 7 and the pollination nozzle 8, further accelerating the movement speed of the pollen in the telescopic tube 7, and the uniform pollination of the pistil is achieved through the vibration of the telescopic tube 7 and the pollination nozzle 8. During the vibration process, the reciprocating vibration effect of the piston cap 22 and the piston rod 20 prevents the pollen from sticking and retaining in the piston cap 22 and the piston rod 20, and during the reciprocating motion of the piston cap 22 and the piston rod 20, the internal channel squeezes the telescopic tube 7 and the delivery tube 23 on both sides respectively. For example, when the piston cap 22 and the piston rod 20 move downward, the volume of the telescopic rod 7 is smaller than that in the reset state, and the internal gas is squeezed. When the piston cap 22 and the piston rod 20 are reset and moved upward, an instantaneous negative pressure is generated inside the telescopic rod 7, and the pollen in the delivery tube 23 and the channel is sucked into the telescopic rod 7, which helps to transport the pollen faster. The vibration and negative pressure spraying effect can also promote the adhesion and diffusion of pollen on the pistil, thereby improving the success rate of pollination.

[0074] In the synchronous operation mode of corn plants on both sides, the pollination system can always quickly adjust the height of the device box 2 and the pollination nozzle 8 according to the real-time feedback of the camera 17, so that the flapping plate 15 and the pollination nozzle 8 always remain on one side of the corn stamens and pistils for precise pollination. This dynamic adjustment not only improves the pollination speed, but also reduces the time wasted due to repeated position adjustments.

[0075] Embodiment 2:

[0076] The difference from Example 1 is that the pollination system includes an identification module, a receiving module, an analysis module, a control module and a recording module.

[0077] The recognition module is used to obtain image information of stamens and pistils in the corn field through the camera 17, and transmit the image information to the receiving module and the recording module respectively.

[0078] The receiving module is used to receive the image information from the recognition module and transmit it to the analysis module for analysis.

[0079] The analysis module is used to analyze the image information of the corn stamens and pistils, and after obtaining the heights of the stamens and pistils through analysis, output them to the control module and the recording module respectively.

[0080] The control module is used to control the pollination device and receive the height information of the corn stamens and pistils obtained by the analysis module, and controls and adjusts the length of the pollination rod 1, the height of the beating assembly and the height of the spraying assembly according to the information of the analysis module.

[0081] The recording module is used to record the number of corn stamen and pistil images collected by the recognition module and the number of results analyzed by the analysis module, so as to obtain the number of corns pollinated by the pollination device at this time.

[0082] The specific implementation process is as follows: during the operation of the pollination device, the recognition module uses the camera 17 to capture the image information of the stamens and pistils in the corn field, which can realize the accurate recognition of the stamens and pistils of the corn. The receiving module is used to receive the recognition signal transmitted from the camera 17 and transmit it to the analysis module. The analysis module can obtain the height information of the stamens and pistils by analyzing the image information and transmit it to the control module. The control module drives the dual-axis motor 13 to adjust the height of the device box 2 and the pollination nozzle 8 respectively. During the adjustment process, the recognition module continuously collects the image information of the stamens and pistils of the corn plant for the analysis module to obtain the height information of the stamens and pistils. The block analyzes whether the device box 2 and the pollination nozzle 8 are aligned with the height position of the pistil and stamen of the corn at this time. After the alignment, the servo motor 18 is driven by the control module to start beating the stamens and pollinating the pistil. The recording module can record the number of corn stamens and pistils pictures collected by the recognition module and the number of results analyzed by the analysis module, so as to obtain the number of corn pollinations by the pollination device at this time. This function can not only view the pollination status of the pollination rod 1 in real time, but also provide a reliable basis for subsequent data analysis and effect evaluation, which is helpful to further optimize the pollination strategy and improve the pollination efficiency.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the difference from Example 2 is that an artificial pollination method for corn breeding comprises the following steps:

[0085] Step 1, preparation: prepare the pollination rod 1. The pollination rod 1 can be used for pollination by walking in the field manually, or the pollination rod 1 and the vehicle seat can be brought to the corn field, the pollination rod 1 can be rotated and inserted into the vehicle seat, and the vehicle seat can be controlled by the pollination system to carry the pollination rod 1 in the corn field for pollination. When the pollination rod 1 is used, the end with the extension plate 16 is always located in the front.

[0086] Step 2, identification process: When artificially pollinating corn, the cameras 17 on both sides will first identify the corn plants on both sides of the row spacing, transmit them through the identification module of the pollination system, and then obtain the height of the stamens and pistils of the corn through the analysis module. The pollination system adjusts the length of the pollination rod 1, and drives the device box 2 and the pollination nozzle 8 to move up and down. During the adjustment process, the camera 17 continuously judges the stamens and pistils of the corn plant and adjusts the height of the device box 2 and the pollination nozzle 8 through the control module until they are aligned with the stamens and pistils.

[0087] Step three, pollination process: after the device box 2 and the pollination nozzle 8 are respectively aimed at the stamens and pistils of the corn, the flapping plate 15 reciprocates and flaps the stamens of the corn stigma into the pollen box 14, and transports the pollen from the pollen box 14 to the pollination nozzle 8 for pollination through the passage of the piston cap 22 and the piston rod 20. During this process, the piston rod 20 is driven to shake back and forth at the same time, and then transmitted to the telescopic tube 7 and the pollination nozzle 8 through the shaking of the piston rod 20, further accelerating the movement speed of the pollen in the telescopic tube 7, and realizing uniform pollination of the pistil through the vibration of the telescopic tube 7 and the pollination nozzle 8.

[0088] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An artificial pollination device for corn breeding, comprising a pollination rod (1), characterized in that: The pollination rod (1) is connected to the pollination system by signal, the bottom end of the pollination rod (1) is detachably connected to a vehicle seat connected to the pollination system signal, the bottom end of the pollination rod (1) is fixedly connected to an electric control cylinder (9), the electric control cylinder (9) is connected to the pollination system signal, a symmetrically arranged driving cavity (6) is provided in the pollination rod (1), a sliding groove corresponding to the driving cavity (6) is provided on the pollination rod (1), a driving component for adjusting the distance according to the height of the corn stamens and pistils is provided in the driving cavity (6), and useful A beating assembly for shaking and beating corn stamen pollen within a limit range and a spraying assembly for pollinating pistils, the beating assembly and the spraying assembly both pass through the slide groove and extend to the outside of the pollination rod (1), a vibration assembly is connected between the beating assembly and the spraying assembly, the vibration assembly is driven by the beating assembly to vibrate the spraying assembly to shake and spray the stamen pollen, and the vibration assembly is also used to transport the corn stamen pollen shaken and beaten by the beating assembly to the spraying assembly, and the driving assembly, the beating assembly and the spraying assembly are all connected to the controller signal; An extension plate (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the pollination rod (1), and an identification component for identifying the height of corn is fixedly connected to the side of the top of the extension plate (16) away from the pollination rod (1), and the identification component is connected to the pollination system signal.

2. The artificial pollination device for corn breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The identification component comprises cameras (17) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the extension plate (16), and the cameras (17) are both connected to the pollination system signal.

3. The artificial pollination device for corn breeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving components all include a double-axis motor (13) fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the driving chamber (6) away from the slide groove, the output shafts at both ends of the double-axis motor (13) are coaxially fixedly connected to a first screw rod (5) and a second screw rod (10), the first screw rod (5) is coaxially threadedly connected to a first nut seat (3), the first nut seat (3) is fixedly connected to the beating component on the side close to the slide groove, the second screw rod (10) is coaxially threadedly connected to a second nut seat (11), and the second nut seat (11) is fixedly connected to the spraying component on the side close to the slide groove.

4. The artificial pollination device for corn breeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The beating assembly comprises a first connecting rod (4) and a hollow device box (2), wherein the first connecting rod (4) is fixedly connected to a corresponding first nut seat (3), an end of the first connecting rod (4) away from the first nut seat (3) extends to the inner wall of the device box (2) and is fixedly connected to the device box (2), a base (19) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device box (2), a servo motor (18) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (19), the output shaft of the servo motor (18) is coaxially fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft (26), and an end of the first rotating shaft (26) away from the servo motor (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device box (2). A connecting member is fixedly connected, and one end of the connecting member away from the first rotating shaft (26) is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (29), and a limiting assembly is sleeved on the second rotating shaft (29), and a beating plate (15) is symmetrically arranged on the limiting assembly, and the side of the beating plate (15) away from the servo motor (18) penetrates the device box (2) and extends to the outside of the device box (2), and a pollen box (14) is arranged on the side of the device box (2) close to the beating plate (15), and the pollen box (14) is located below the beating plate (15), and the limiting assembly is used to limit the movable range of the beating plate (15); One end of the second rotating shaft (29) away from the first connecting rod (4) is fixedly connected to the vibration component.

5. The artificial pollination device for corn breeding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limit assembly comprises a limit block (27), a limit slot is formed in the limit block (27), a movement track of the second rotating shaft (29) is located in the limit slot, a limit hole is symmetrically provided on a side of the base (19) away from the servo motor (18), both sides of the limit block (27) are fixedly connected with a transmission rod (28), one end of the transmission rod (28) away from the limit block (27) passes through the limit hole and the limit hole is located in the movement track of the transmission rod (28), and the flapping plate (15) is fixedly connected to the transmission rod (28) respectively.

6. The artificial pollination device for corn breeding according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side opposite to the beating plate (15) is fixedly connected with a beating pad.

7. The artificial pollination device for corn breeding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vibration components all include a hollow base fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the device box (2) on the side close to the pollen box (14), a piston groove is provided on the top of the base, a piston assembly is provided in the base, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device box (2), a transmission arm (24) is rotatably connected to the fixing rod, a connecting shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (29), a rotating tooth (25) is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the connecting shaft away from the second rotating shaft (29), the transmission arm (24) is located in the movement trajectory of the rotating tooth (25), and the piston assembly is located in the movement trajectory of the transmission arm (24); The piston assembly comprises a hollow piston cap (22) and a hollow piston rod (20). The piston cap (22) and the piston rod (20) are provided with mutually connected channels for conveying pollen knocked off from corn stamens, and a conveying pipe (23) is connected between the channel in the piston cap (22) and the pollen box (14). The piston cap (22) is located in the movement track of the transmission arm (24), and the piston rod (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cap (22). A spring (21) for limiting and elastic reset is fixedly connected between the piston cap (22) and the inner bottom wall of the piston groove, and the piston rod (20) passes through the inner bottom wall of the base and is connected to the spray assembly.

8. The artificial pollination device for corn breeding according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spraying assembly comprises a telescopic tube (7) and a pollination nozzle (8); the top and bottom ends of the telescopic tube (7) are respectively connected to the channel in the piston rod (20) and the pollination nozzle (8); a second connecting rod (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the pollination nozzle (8); and an end of the second connecting rod (12) away from the pollination nozzle (8) is fixedly connected to a corresponding second nut seat (11).

9. The artificial pollination device for corn breeding according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pollination system includes an identification module, a receiving module, an analysis module, a control module and a recording module; The recognition module is used to obtain image information of stamens and pistils in the corn field through a camera (17), and transmit the image information to the receiving module and the recording module respectively; The receiving module is used to receive the image information from the recognition module and transmit it to the analysis module for analysis; The analysis module is used to analyze the image information of the corn stamens and pistils, and after obtaining the heights of the stamens and pistils through analysis, output them to the control module and the recording module respectively; The control module is used to control the pollination device and receive the height information of the corn stamens and pistils obtained by the analysis module, and control and adjust the length of the pollination rod (1), the height of the beating assembly and the height of the spraying assembly according to the information of the analysis module; The recording module is used to record the number of corn stamen and pistil images collected by the recognition module and the number of results analyzed by the analysis module, so as to obtain the number of corns pollinated by the pollination device at this time.

10. An artificial pollination method for corn breeding, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, preparation: prepare a pollination rod (1). The pollination rod (1) can be used for pollination by walking in the field manually, or the pollination rod (1) and the vehicle seat can be brought to the corn field, the pollination rod (1) is rotated and inserted into the vehicle seat, and the vehicle seat is controlled by the pollination system to carry the pollination rod (1) in the corn field for pollination. When the pollination rod (1) is used, the end provided with the extension plate (16) is always located in the front; Step 2, identification process: when artificially pollinating corn, the cameras (17) on both sides will first identify the corn plants on both sides of the row spacing, transmit the information through the identification module of the pollination system, and then obtain the height of the stamens and pistils of the corn through the analysis module. The pollination system then adjusts the length of the pollination rod (1) and drives the device box (2) and the pollination nozzle (8) to move up and down. During the adjustment process, the camera (17) continuously determines the stamens and pistils of the corn plant and adjusts the height of the device box (2) and the pollination nozzle (8) through the control module until they are aligned with the stamens and pistils. Step 3, pollination process: after the device box (2) and the pollination nozzle (8) are respectively aligned with the stamens and pistils of the corn, the beating plate (15) reciprocates and beats the stamens of the corn stigma into the pollen box (14), and transports the pollen from the pollen box (14) to the pollination nozzle (8) for pollination through the passage of the piston cap (22) and the piston rod (20). During this process, the piston rod (20) is simultaneously driven to reciprocate and shake, and then the vibration of the piston rod (20) is transmitted to the telescopic tube (7) and the pollination nozzle (8).

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