Copying walnut shell breaking device with adjustable gap

Abstract

The invention discloses a gap-adjustable profiling walnut shell breaking device, which relates to the field of walnut processing, and comprises a bracket, and a profiling shell breaking mechanism, a gap adjusting mechanism and a power conveying mechanism which are arranged on the bracket. The profiling shell breaking mechanism comprises a profiling knife roll and a profiling pressing plate and is used for generating shearing force and acting on walnut shells to break the walnut shells; the gap adjusting mechanism comprises a universal screw rod, and an adjusting hand wheel is arranged at the tail end of the universal screw rod and used for extruding the profiling pressing plate and setting a shell breaking gap; the power conveying mechanism is used for providing power for the profiling shell breaking mechanism; the walnut shell breaking machine can conduct targeted shell breaking on classified walnuts, utilizes the profiling knife roll and the profiling pressing plate to break shells, and has the advantages of being simple, convenient, good in shell and kernel separation effect, high in shell breaking rate, high in first-path kernel rate and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of walnut processing, in particular to a gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device. Background Art

[0002] Walnuts are rich in various nutrients and have a positive impact on brain function and the development of the nervous system. Therefore, walnuts have become an important part of people's daily diet, driving the continued expansion of the walnut market. In recent years, with the in-depth scientific research on walnuts, a series of equipment that can realize the mechanization of the entire process of walnut primary processing has been gradually developed.

[0003] Walnut shelling is a key step in walnut processing. Therefore, many researchers have conducted in-depth research on shelling and kernel extraction technology. At present, the working principle of walnut shelling devices is usually to use the relative rotation of rollers to achieve shelling through squeezing and kneading. However, existing walnut shelling equipment generally has the problem of high crushing rate, resulting in a large amount of broken kernels, or missing incompletely cracked walnuts due to insufficient crushing force. In view of the above problems, a gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gap-adjustable contoured walnut shelling device which can reduce the kernel breakage rate during the walnut shelling process and improve the shelling effect.

[0005] Technical solution: The present invention provides a gap-adjustable contoured walnut shelling device, comprising a bracket, on which is provided a contoured shelling mechanism, a gap adjustment mechanism and a power transmission mechanism; the contoured shelling mechanism comprises a contoured knife roller and a pressure plate mechanism, which are used to generate shear force and act on the walnut shell to break the walnut shell; the gap adjustment mechanism comprises a universal screw, at the end of which is provided an adjusting hand wheel, which is used to rotate the universal screw to squeeze the pressure plate mechanism and set the shell breaking gap; the power transmission mechanism is used to provide power to the contoured shelling mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the contoured shell breaking mechanism also includes a limit ring, a sleeve, a fixed shaft, a bearing and a rotating shaft; the pressure plate mechanism includes a guide plate, a guide plate, a baffle and a contoured pressure plate; the contoured knife roller is connected and cooperated with the rotating shaft through a key connection, and rotates through the bearing, the limit ring is arranged on both sides of the contoured pressure plate, the fixed shaft is located above the rear of the contoured pressure plate, and the contoured pressure plate is fixed on the shaft by the limit ring to realize rotation; the pressure plate mechanism and the contoured knife roller are arranged relative to each other to form a shell breaking channel; the guide plate is located at the upper end of the contoured pressure plate to form a feeding channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the profiling knife roller is a gear-like structure with a profiling groove, and the profiling pressure plate also has a profiling groove, and the profiling groove fits the curve of the walnut shell to perform longitudinal shell breaking.

[0008] Furthermore, the profiling curve of the profiling groove is described by a quartic polynomial curve equation, and its mathematical expression is as follows: , where x represents the position on the horizontal axis and y represents the height of the contour on the vertical axis. are polynomial coefficients obtained by spline fitting or least squares method.

[0009] Preferably, the profiling curve is described by a quartic polynomial curve equation, and its mathematical expression is: , where the value range of x is [0,30]. The curve within this range fits the target contour precisely, which can effectively reduce the processing error and meet the accuracy requirements of the use environment.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide plate is located above the profiling pressure plate and is arranged corresponding to the guide plate; the baffle is arranged on both sides of the profiling pressure plate and covers the profiling knife roller at the same time.

[0011] Furthermore, a discharge port is provided on the bracket and below the contour breaking mechanism, and the discharge port corresponds to the position of the contour breaking mechanism. The shell kernels after shell breaking directly fall into the discharge port and flow out through the discharge port.

[0012] Furthermore, a material collecting mechanism is provided on the bracket and below the discharge port, and the material collecting mechanism corresponds to the outlet position of the discharge port.

[0013] Furthermore, a chassis is provided at the front end of the universal screw, and the chassis is installed on the back of the contoured pressure plate. The universal screw is fixed by a bracket with an internal thread.

[0014] Furthermore, the power transmission mechanism includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a synchronous belt and a driving motor, the driving motor is located on a bracket, the driving pulley is located on a power output shaft of the driving motor, the driven pulley is located on a rotating shaft, the driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a synchronous belt, and the driving motor drives the power to be transmitted to the transmission shaft, driving the profiling knife roller to rotate, thereby realizing relative movement between the profiling knife roller and the pressure plate mechanism.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention provides power through a power transmission mechanism to form extrusion between the profiling shell-breaking knife roller and the profiling pressure plate, thereby performing targeted shell-breaking on the graded walnuts. By using the profiling knife roller and the pressure plate to break the shell, the knife roller and the walnut can be better fitted, the force is more uniform, and the present invention has the characteristics of being simple and convenient, having a good shell-kernel separation effect, a high shell-breaking rate, and a high first-kernel rate. (2) In view of the problem that the current shell-breaking equipment is difficult to adapt to the simultaneous shell-breaking of walnuts of different specifications, and the low applicability of the current grading equipment to different varieties of walnuts, the present invention combines the shell-breaking component with the gap adjustment component, and the walnuts are graded and enter the shell-breaking device through a conveyor belt. The gap is adjusted by a universal screw, which can adapt to the shell-breaking of walnuts of various sizes and is more targeted. (3) The present invention uses a universal screw to adjust the angle of the profiling pressure plate, and the spherical screw head is installed on the universal base, so that the extrusion force on the profiling pressure plate is more uniform, which can increase the service life of the device and improve the gap accuracy and stability of the device during shell-breaking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contour breaking mechanism in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gap adjustment mechanism in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the contoured knife roller assembly in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contoured pressing plate assembly in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the walnut shelling principle in the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1- bracket; 2- shell breaking mechanism, 201- limiting ring, 202- bushing, 203- pressure plate mechanism, 2031- guide plate, 2032- guide plate, 2033- baffle, 2034- contour pressure plate, 204- fixed shaft, 205- bearing, 206- contour knife roller, 207- rotating shaft; 3- gap adjustment mechanism, 301- adjusting hand wheel, 302- universal screw, 303- chassis, 304- bracket with threaded holes; 4- material outlet; 5- receiving tray; 6- driving pulley; 7- driven pulley; 8- synchronous belt; 9- driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a gap-adjustable profiling walnut shelling device, including a frame 1, a profiling shelling mechanism 2 arranged on a bracket, a gap adjusting mechanism 3, a material collecting mechanism 5, and a power transmission mechanism 6-9.

[0020] The profiling shell breaking mechanism 2 includes a plurality of shell breaking components, which are used for cracking the walnuts of different sizes after classification. In the present embodiment, the profiling shell breaking mechanism includes three groups of shell breaking components, which can crack the walnuts of three sizes at the same time.

[0021] The gap adjustment mechanism 3 is used to laterally extrude the profiling pressing plate 2034, thereby controlling the extrusion gap between the profiling pressing plate 2034 and the profiling knife roller 206, thereby controlling the gap size for cracking the walnut shells.

[0022] The material collecting mechanism 5 is used to collect the shell-kernel mixture after being broken by the profiling shell breaking mechanism 2.

[0023] The power transmission mechanism 6-9 is used to provide power to the rotating shaft 207 of the profiling shell breaking mechanism 2.

[0024] Specifically, the bracket 1 is a spliced ​​aluminum bracket, which is used for the overall arrangement and bearing of the shell breaking device. Three groups of contoured knife rollers 206 are combined with three groups of contoured pressure plates 2304 to form a shell breaking mechanism. In order to facilitate installation and coordination, the bracket 1 divides the shell breaking mechanism 2 and the power transmission mechanism into two workbenches, and different combinations can also be adopted according to actual needs.

[0025] In this embodiment, the walnuts are subjected to the extrusion shear force from the profiled knife roller 206 during the falling process of the shell breaking gap, so that the walnut shells are brittle and stress-damaged, resulting in the shells being crushed. Through the extrusion of the profiled grooves, the walnuts are subjected to uniform force during the cracking process, thereby achieving a better shell breaking effect and increasing the first-line kernel rate.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the profiling walnut shelling mechanism 2 includes a limiting ring 201, a shaft sleeve 202, a pressing plate mechanism 203, a fixed shaft 204, a bearing 205, a rotating shaft 207, and a profiling knife roller 206.

[0027] The profiling knife roller 206 is arranged opposite to the profiling pressure plate 203; the sleeve 202 is installed on the top of the back of the pressure plate mechanism 203, the fixed shaft 204 is installed in the sleeve, and the limit ring 201 is located on the fixed shaft 204; the rotating shaft 207 is fixed to the profiling knife roller 206 through a key connection and placed in the bearing 205.

[0028] Specifically, the limiting rings 201 are arranged on both sides of the profiling pressure plate 2034, so as to ensure that the profiling pressure plate 203 does not move laterally on the fixed axis due to the extrusion force when the gap adjustment mechanism 3 performs gap adjustment, thereby causing the relative position of the profiling pressure plate 203 and the profiling knife roller 206 to change, thereby affecting the shell breaking effect.

[0029] Furthermore, a discharge port 10 is provided on the support 2 and below the shell breaking mechanism 2 . The discharge port 10 corresponds to the position of the shell breaking mechanism 2 , and is used for the shell kernels after shell breaking to fall into the discharge port 10 and flow out through the discharge port 10 .

[0030] Furthermore, a receiving tray 5 is provided on the bracket and below the material outlet 10 , and the receiving tray 5 corresponds to the exit position of the material outlet 10 .

[0031] Specifically, for ease of installation, the receiving tray 5 is directly placed on the bracket 2 .

[0032] In this embodiment, the initial value of the gap between the contoured knife roller 206 and the contoured pressure plate 203 is 60 mm, and the gap can be adjusted to a minimum of 20 mm through the gap adjustment mechanism, which can adapt to walnuts of different sizes, thereby improving the shelling efficiency.

[0033] Specifically, the driving motor 9 works to transmit power to the active pulley 6 and transmits the power to the driven pulley 7 through the synchronous belt 8, thereby driving the rotating shaft 207 to rotate. The rotating shaft 207 drives the profiling knife roller 206 to rotate clockwise, and the walnuts are squeezed, sheared and crushed through the profiling gap between the profiling knife roller 206 and the profiling pressure plate 203.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, a gap adjustment mechanism 3 is provided on the bracket 2 and located at the back of the contoured pressure plate. The gap adjustment mechanism 3 includes an adjustment hand wheel 301, a universal screw 302, a chassis 303, and a bracket 304 with threaded holes.

[0035] Specifically, the universal screw 302 has a length of 150 mm and a nominal diameter of 10 mm, and the diameter of the chassis 303 is 60 mm. By rotating the adjusting hand wheel 301, the universal screw 302 is driven to squeeze the chassis 303, thereby adjusting the angle of the contoured pressing plate 203 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the gap.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the pressure plate mechanism 4 includes a contoured pressure plate 203 , a guide plate 401 , a guide plate 402 , and a baffle 403 .

[0037] Specifically, the guide plate 401 is inclined at 30° and is located at the upper end of the profiling pressure plate 203 to form a feeding channel. The graded walnuts enter the shelling mechanism 2 through the guide plate 401; the guide plate 402 is located above the profiling pressure plate 203 and is arranged corresponding to the guide plate 401, so that the walnuts fall accurately into the profiling shelling mechanism; the baffles 403 are arranged on both sides of the profiling pressure plate 2034, and at the same time cover the profiling knife roller 206 to prevent the walnuts from falling from both sides without being shelled.

[0038] The gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device provided by the present invention has the following specific working process: like Figure 3 As shown, the shelling gap is adjusted before the walnuts are shelled. According to the size of the grading specifications, the universal screw 302 is driven to squeeze the bottom of the profiling pressure plate 203 by rotating the adjusting hand wheel 301. The upper end of the profiling pressure plate 2034 is fixed to the limit ring 201 through the fixed shaft 204. The bottom angle changes, while the position of the profiling knife roller 206 remains unchanged, thereby setting the shelling gap suitable for walnuts of various size levels.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the graded walnuts enter the entire shelling device through the guide plate 401, and then the walnuts fall accurately into the contoured groove of the contoured pressing plate 203 along the guide plate 402. In this process, the driving motor 9 transmits power to the contoured knife roller 206, so that the contoured knife roller 206 moves clockwise, and the walnuts are squeezed and sheared by the contoured groove between the contoured knife roller 206 and the contoured pressing plate 203, completing the shelling action of the walnuts.

[0040] The shell-kernel mixture of the walnut continues to fall after the shell is broken, flows out through the discharge port 10, and falls into the collecting plate 5 below to complete the collection work. The shell breaking process and method of the present invention can better ensure that the walnut kernel is not damaged and improve the walnut kernel rate when the walnut breaking rate is high.

[0041] In this embodiment, the gap is adjusted by the universal screw 302, so that the shell breaking is more applicable, and the shell breaking is more accurate and stable. At the same time, the profiling knife roller 206 and the profiling pressing plate 203 made by fitting the walnut shell curve are used to profile the walnuts for shell breaking, and the shell breaking effect is better, achieving the purpose of minimizing the damage to the walnut kernel. The profiling curve can be described by a fourth-order polynomial curve equation, and its mathematical expression is as follows: , where x represents the position on the horizontal axis and y represents the height of the contour on the vertical axis. are polynomial coefficients obtained by spline fitting or least square method. Preferably, the profiling curve is described by a quartic polynomial curve equation, and its mathematical expression is: , where the value range of x is [0,30]. The curve within this range fits the target contour precisely, which can effectively reduce the processing error and meet the accuracy requirements of the use environment.

[0042] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support (1), wherein the support (1) is provided with a profiling shell breaking mechanism (2), a gap adjustment mechanism (3) and a power transmission mechanism; the profiling shell breaking mechanism (2) comprises a profiling knife roller (206) and a pressure plate mechanism (203), which are used to generate a shear force and act on the walnut shell to break the walnut shell; The gap adjustment mechanism (3) comprises a universal screw (302), an adjustment hand wheel (301) being provided at the end of the universal screw (302), the adjustment hand wheel (301) being used to rotate the universal screw (302) so as to squeeze the pressure plate mechanism (203) and set the shell breaking gap; the power transmission mechanism is used to provide power to the contour shell breaking mechanism (2).

2. A gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The profiling shell breaking mechanism (2) further comprises a limiting ring (201), a shaft sleeve (202), a fixed shaft (204), a bearing (205) and a rotating shaft (207); the pressure plate mechanism (203) comprises a guide plate (2031), a guide plate (2032), a baffle (2033) and a profiling pressure plate (2034); the profiling knife roller (206) is key-connected with the rotating shaft (207) and rotates via the bearing (205). The limiting rings (201) are arranged on both sides of the profiling pressure plate (2034); the fixed shaft (204) is located above the rear of the profiling pressure plate (2034); the profiling pressure plate (2034) is fixed on the shaft by the limiting rings (201) to realize rotation; the pressure plate mechanism (203) and the profiling knife roller (206) are arranged opposite to each other to form a shell breaking channel; the guide plate (2031) is located at the upper end of the profiling pressure plate (2034) to form a feeding channel.

3. A gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The profiling knife roller (206) is a gear-like structure with a profiling groove, and the profiling pressure plate (2034) also has a profiling groove, and the profiling groove fits the curve of the walnut shell to perform longitudinal shell breaking.

4. A gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The profiling curve of the profiling groove is described by a quartic polynomial curve equation, and its mathematical expression is as follows: , where x represents the position on the horizontal axis and y represents the profiling height on the vertical axis. are polynomial coefficients obtained by spline fitting or least squares method.

5. The gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The profiling curve is described by a quartic polynomial curve equation, and its mathematical expression is: , where the value range of x is [0,30].

6. The gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide plate (2032) is located above the contoured pressure plate (2034) and is arranged corresponding to the guide plate (2031); the baffle plate (2033) is arranged on both sides of the contoured pressure plate (2034) and covers the contoured knife roller (206).

7. The gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge port (4) is provided on the support (1) and below the contour-bending shell-breaking mechanism (2); the discharge port (4) corresponds to the position of the contour-bending shell-breaking mechanism (2); the shell kernels after being broken directly fall into the discharge port (4) and flow out through the discharge port (4).

8. The gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A material collecting mechanism (5) is provided on the support (1) and below the material discharge port (4); the material collecting mechanism (5) corresponds to the outlet position of the material discharge port (4).

9. The gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chassis (303) is provided at the front end of the universal screw (302), and the chassis (303) is mounted on the back of the contoured pressure plate (2034). The universal screw (302) is fixed by a bracket (304) with an internal thread.

10. A gap-adjustable contour walnut shelling device according to claims 1-9, characterized in that: The power transmission mechanism comprises a driving pulley (6), a driven pulley (7), a synchronous belt (8) and a driving motor (9); the driving motor (9) is located on the bracket (1); the driving pulley (6) is located on the power output shaft of the driving motor (9); the driven pulley (7) is located on the rotating shaft; the driving pulley (6) and the driven pulley (7) are connected via a synchronous belt (8); the driving motor (9) drives the driving motor to transmit power to the transmission shaft, thereby driving the profiling knife roller (206) to rotate, thereby realizing relative movement between the profiling knife roller (206) and the pressure plate mechanism (203).

Images