Device and method for preventing overheating in phototherapy

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method for preventing overheating in phototherapy, and relates to the field of optical therapy, and the device comprises a light energy transmission system which is used for transmitting light energy used for phototherapy to the vicinity of a target area; the optical modulation cavity is connected with the light energy transmission system and is used for receiving the delivered light beam and adjusting and modulating the light beam; the intelligent material is positioned in the optical modulation cavity and is used for modulating the passing light beam; the filling system is connected with the optical modulation cavity and used for adjusting the types, attributes and stock of the intelligent materials in the optical modulation cavity; the transparent elastic body is connected with the optical modulation cavity; and the transparent elastic body is connected with the optical modulation cavity and is used for diverging or converging the light. The invention is used for solving the defect that the tissue is easy to damage due to overheating in the existing phototherapy technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of phototherapy, and in particular to a device and method for preventing overheating in phototherapy. Background Art

[0002] Phototherapy, or phototherapy for short, is a method of treating diseases by irradiating light with different parameters in a broad sense. It has the advantages of strong specificity, few side effects, and high safety. Currently, phototherapy has been widely used to treat vitiligo, malignant tumors, depression, jaundice, scars and other diseases, and is an indispensable and important part of the modern medical system. The principle of phototherapy is essentially based on the energy transfer of photophysical-chemical processes, mainly including photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy, which convert light energy into thermal energy or chemical energy to kill lesions respectively. Compared with phototherapy that uses visible light or even ultraviolet light as a therapeutic light source, near-infrared phototherapy obviously has a natural wavelength advantage and has made great progress in recent decades. According to the absorption spectrum of the main light-absorbing substances in biological tissues, it can be found that biological tissues absorb less light in the near-infrared band. At the same time, due to the low scattering of near-infrared light by biological tissues, near-infrared light exhibits excellent biological tissue penetration ability. In addition, near-infrared light has a higher skin tissue tolerance power density, which means a higher upper limit of transcutaneous energy input. Therefore , near-infrared phototherapy based on near-infrared light energy conversion materials is also widely favored by researchers; however, near-infrared phototherapy has also encountered some bottlenecks in its rapid development. The first is that the penetration depth of light into biological tissues needs to be improved; when the light representing the second zone near-infrared light of 1064nm penetrates the in vitro pig skin with a thickness of about 6mm, its transmittance is less than 10%; obviously, when facing some deep tissues, such penetration is not ideal, and this problem seriously affects the effectiveness of near-infrared phototherapy; in addition, the practice of increasing light power in order to increase the penetration depth often causes excessive irradiation and heat conduction, thereby causing thermal damage to the surrounding normal tissues, which greatly reduces the safety of near-infrared phototherapy; and interventional treatment is a good solution for deep penetration, using a light guide device (such as optical fiber) to directly guide light to the lesion, avoiding tissue absorption and scattering; in theory, placing a light guide device (such as optical fiber) at a certain distance from the lesion can obtain a larger irradiation area, which is beneficial to phototherapy; however, the divergence angle of commercially available optical fibers in the body fluid environment is very limited (less than 10 ° ), after calculation, for a lesion with a diameter of 10mm, the closest distance between the optical fiber and the lesion should be 28mm, which is far beyond the penetration depth of near-infrared light; therefore, it is a common practice to insert the optical fiber into the lesion and use the high temperature diffusion in the center to kill the entire lesion; however, existing temperature measurement methods are difficult to provide real-time feedback on subcutaneous temperature, and therefore often cause serious thermal damage such as tissue carbonization; this greatly limits the safety of near-infrared phototherapy in the treatment of deep lesions. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a device and method for preventing overheating in phototherapy, so as to solve the defect that the existing temperature measurement means are difficult to provide real-time feedback on subcutaneous temperature.

[0004] In one aspect, the present invention provides a device for preventing overheating in phototherapy, comprising:

[0005] a light energy delivery system for delivering light energy used in phototherapy to the vicinity of a target area;

[0006] An optical modulation cavity, connected to the optical energy transfer system, for receiving the delivered light beam and adjusting and modulating it;

[0007] A smart material, located in the optical modulation cavity, for modulating the light beam passing therethrough;

[0008] A filling system connected to the optical modulation cavity and used to adjust the type, property and stock of the smart material in the optical modulation cavity;

[0009] A transparent elastic body connected to the optical modulation cavity and used to diverge or converge light;

[0010] When in use, the light energy transfer system transfers light energy to the optical modulation cavity, which stores smart materials and modulates the light beam. The filling system is connected to the optical modulation cavity to adjust the type, properties and stock of the smart materials. The transparent elastomer serves as the external interface of the optical modulation cavity to diverge or converge the light beam.

[0011] In another aspect, a method for preventing overheating in phototherapy, comprising:

[0012] Constructing an adaptive optical waveguide system and calibrating it to obtain a calibrated adaptive optical waveguide system, wherein the adaptive optical waveguide system includes an optical energy transfer system, an optical modulation cavity, a smart material, a filling system and a transparent elastic body;

[0013] According to a preset treatment plan, the required agents are delivered to the target tissue area, and the agents include but are not limited to photothermal agents;

[0014] The output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system is implanted near the target area, and the input end is connected to the output end of the light source;

[0015] According to the characteristics of the lesion, adjusting the optical characteristics of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system so that the light spot is formed to a size matching the lesion within a short distance, wherein the lesion characteristics include size, shape and depth information;

[0016] Using the light source to perform phototherapy according to a preset treatment plan and lesion characteristics;

[0017] During phototherapy, the negative feedback regulation capability of smart materials is used to dynamically modulate the optical properties.

[0018] Furthermore, an adaptive optical waveguide system is constructed and calibrated to obtain a calibrated adaptive optical waveguide system, wherein the adaptive optical waveguide system includes an optical energy transfer system, an optical modulation cavity, a smart material, a filling system and a transparent elastic body, including:

[0019] Use optical waveguide materials as light energy transmission media to build a light energy transfer system;

[0020] Constructing an optical modulation cavity, embedding a temperature-responsive smart material in the optical modulation cavity, and equipping it with a filling system to obtain an integrated optical waveguide system;

[0021] The integrated optical waveguide system is calibrated to obtain a calibrated adaptive optical waveguide system.

[0022] Furthermore, the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system is implanted near the target area, and the input end is connected to the output end of the light source, including:

[0023] implanting the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system near the target;

[0024] According to a preset treatment plan, determining that the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system maintains a preset distance from the required agent and fixing the distance;

[0025] connecting the other end of the adaptive optical waveguide system to the output end of the light source;

[0026] The adaptive optical waveguide system is used to adjust the coupling state between the output end of the light source and the adaptive optical waveguide system.

[0027] Furthermore, according to the characteristics of the lesion, the optical characteristics of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system are adjusted so that the light spot is formed to a size matching the lesion within a short distance, including:

[0028] Using an external diagnostic device to obtain lesion characteristics, wherein the lesion characteristics include size, shape, and depth information;

[0029] According to the characteristics of the lesion, the required optical characteristics of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system are calculated;

[0030] In the adaptive optical waveguide system, the distribution of the smart material is changed by injecting functional liquid to change the concave-convex shape of the transparent elastomer, adjust the optical properties of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system, and form a spot size that matches the lesion within a short distance.

[0031] Further, according to the preset treatment plan and lesion characteristics, the light source is used for phototherapy, including:

[0032] According to the preset treatment plan and lesion characteristics, the parameters of the light source are set, wherein the parameters of the light source include output power, treatment time, drug type and activation conditions;

[0033] Light therapy is performed using the light source according to the parameters of the light source.

[0034] Furthermore, during the phototherapy process, the negative feedback regulation capability of smart materials is used to dynamically adjust the optical properties, including:

[0035] During phototherapy, the negative feedback regulation capability of smart materials is used to dynamically adjust the optical properties;

[0036] Continuously monitor the optical response of smart materials and the response of lesions;

[0037] Continuously iteratively adjust the optical properties of smart materials based on real-time monitoring data;

[0038] When the treatment time reaches the preset value, the light source is turned off and the treatment stops.

[0039] Furthermore, the form of the smart material includes but is not limited to gas, liquid, solid or a combination of these.

[0040] Furthermore, the position of the smart material in the light beam path is not limited, including but not limited to being directly placed at the output end or a section of the light energy transfer system, or placed in an optical modulation cavity, or introduced by a filling system.

[0041] Furthermore, the optical properties of the smart material have temperature response characteristics, and the response mode includes but is not limited to scattering, absorption, reflection, or a combination of several of them.

[0042] The device and method for preventing overheating in phototherapy provided by the present invention are simple in device and low in cost, and do not need to rely on complex algorithms and complicated back-end equipment; the application is based on the rapid and reversible light modulation capability of temperature-responsive smart materials, so as to sense and adjust the maximum temperature of the scattered light area through negative feedback regulation, and this regulation is independent of precise laser power control; the divergence angle of the optical fiber of the present application is adjustable, and a sufficient scattering area can be obtained within a short distance from the optical fiber; the application can adjust the temperature of thermal protection for a variety of lesion models, and the thermal response temperature of the temperature-responsive smart material can be adjusted very easily and accurately. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a device for preventing overheating in phototherapy provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method for preventing overheating in phototherapy provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a physical picture of the adjustable spot size of the adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS).

[0047] Figure 4 The temperature of the photothermal material (Tc) and the optical fiber head (Ta) changes with the optical power when the adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS) performs interventional near-infrared photothermal therapy on simulated tissue.

[0048] Figure 5 It is the temperature changes of photothermal material (Tc) and optical fiber head (Ta) when extracorporeal phototherapy (NIR), ordinary optical waveguide system (OWS) and adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS) perform photothermal therapy on simulated tissue.

[0049] Figure 6 It is the temperature changes of photothermal material (Tc) and optical fiber head (Ta) during interventional photothermal therapy of living pigs using ordinary optical waveguide system (OWS) and adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS).

[0050] 1. Light energy transfer system; 2. Optical modulation cavity; 3. Smart material; 4. Filling system; 5. Transparent elastomer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for preventing overheating in phototherapy provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0053] A light energy delivery system 1, for delivering light energy used for phototherapy to the vicinity of a target area;

[0054] An optical modulation cavity 2, connected to the optical energy transfer system 1, for receiving the delivered light beam and adjusting and modulating it;

[0055] A smart material 3, located in the optical modulation cavity 2, for modulating the light beam passing therethrough;

[0056] A filling system 4 connected to the optical modulation cavity 2 and used to adjust the type, property and stock of the smart material 3 in the optical modulation cavity 2;

[0057] A transparent elastic body 5, connected to the optical modulation cavity 2, and used to diverge or converge light;

[0058] When in use, the light energy transfer system 1 transfers light energy to the optical modulation cavity 2, which stores smart material 3 and modulates the light beam. The filling system 4 is connected to the optical modulation cavity 2 to adjust the type, properties and inventory of the smart material. The transparent elastomer 5 serves as the external interface of the optical modulation cavity 2 and is used to diverge or converge the light beam.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, the light energy transfer system 1 is responsible for efficiently and stably delivering the light energy required for treatment to the vicinity of the target area, and acts as a bridge connecting the light source and the treatment area, ensuring that the light energy can be accurately and losslessly transmitted to the part of the patient's body that needs treatment; by using infrared optical fiber, the optical fiber uses an energy transfer optical fiber with a numerical aperture of 0.22 to achieve efficient transmission of light energy and reduce energy loss; the light energy transfer system can accurately guide the light energy to the target area, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the treatment; the light energy transfer system has good stability and can maintain a stable output of light energy during long-term treatment; the optical modulation cavity 2 is connected to the light energy transfer system 1, and is used to receive the delivered light beam and modulate the light beam in various ways according to the treatment needs. Various adjustments and modulations, such as divergence angle, intensity, spectrum, polarization characteristics, etc.; the optical modulation cavity flexibly modulates the light beam to meet the needs of different treatment scenarios; the modulated light beam can better match the characteristics of the lesion, improving the pertinence and effectiveness of the treatment; the optical modulation cavity can be flexibly adjusted according to the treatment needs to adapt to the individual differences of different patients; the smart material 3 is located in the optical modulation cavity 2, and further modulates the light beam passing through, and can automatically adjust its optical properties according to the temperature changes in the treatment area, such as scattering, absorption, reflection, etc., so as to realize the dynamic regulation of the photothermal effect; the smart material can automatically adjust its optical properties according to the temperature changes to ensure that the treatment temperature is always kept within a safe range; the negative feedback regulation of the smart material can force, effectively avoiding overheating during treatment and improving the safety of treatment; the introduction of smart materials makes phototherapy equipment more intelligent and automated, reducing the complexity of manual operation; the filling system 4 is connected to the optical modulation cavity 2, and is used to adjust the type, property and inventory of the smart material 3 in the optical modulation cavity. The smart material can be replenished or replaced in time according to the treatment needs or the consumption of the smart material to ensure the continuity and stability of the treatment process; the capillary part of the filling system can be prepared by acrylic tube thermal drawing method or special quartz capillary but is not limited to these two materials; by replenishing the smart material in time, the continuity and stability of the treatment process are ensured, and the treatment effect is improved; the design of the filling system makes the replacement and maintenance of the smart material easier It is more convenient and quick; the transparent elastomer 5 is connected to the optical modulation cavity 2, and serves as the external interface of the optical modulation cavity to ensure the smooth transmission of the light beam and the good contact with the biological tissue. The transparent elastomer has good light transmittance and elasticity, and can adapt to treatment areas of different shapes and sizes; the transparent elastomer has good light transmittance, ensuring that the light beam can pass through smoothly and reach the treatment area; the elastic properties of the transparent elastomer enable the transparent elastomer to change the convex and concave shape of the transparent elastomer by changing the amount of the smart material 3, thereby converging or diverging the light to adapt to treatment areas of different shapes and sizes, thereby improving the flexibility of treatment; the transparent elastomer is usually made of materials with good biocompatibility to ensure that no discomfort or damage is caused to the patient during the treatment process.

[0060] Preferably, the light energy transmission system uses any material or method having light transmission function, including but not limited to optical fiber, light guide tube, etc.;

[0061] The light transmitted by the light energy transfer system may be any light beam, including but not limited to a highly collimated light beam, a laser with a certain divergence angle, or a combination of one or more thereof;

[0062] The function of the optical modulation cavity is to modulate the input light beam to a certain extent, including but not limited to the divergence angle, intensity, spectrum, and polarization characteristics;

[0063] The form of smart materials includes but is not limited to one or a combination of gas, liquid, and solid; the position of smart materials in the light beam path is not limited, including but not limited to being directly placed at the end or a section of the light energy transfer system, or placed in the optical modulation cavity, or introduced by a filling system; the optical properties of smart materials have temperature response characteristics, and the response mode includes but is not limited to one or a combination of scattering, absorption, and reflection; the filling system is composed of one or more conductive tubes, which can fill the optical modulation cavity with smart materials.

[0064] like Figures 1 to 6 A method for preventing overheating in phototherapy, comprising:

[0065] 11. Construct an adaptive optical waveguide system and perform calibration to obtain a calibrated adaptive optical waveguide system, wherein the adaptive optical waveguide system includes an optical energy transfer system 1, an optical modulation cavity 2, an intelligent material 3, a filling system 4 and a transparent elastic body 5;

[0066] 12. Deliver the required reagents to the target tissue area according to the preset treatment plan, wherein the reagents include but are not limited to photothermal reagents;

[0067] 13. Implant the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system near the target area, and connect the input end to the output end of the light source;

[0068] 14. According to the characteristics of the lesion, the optical characteristics of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system are adjusted so that the light spot is formed to a size matching the lesion within a short distance, wherein the lesion characteristics include size, shape and depth information;

[0069] 15. Perform phototherapy using the light source according to the preset treatment plan and lesion characteristics;

[0070] 16. During phototherapy, the negative feedback regulation capability of smart material 3 is used to dynamically modulate the optical properties.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the light energy transfer system 1 can efficiently and stably transmit the light energy generated by the light source to the optical modulation cavity, ensuring that the loss of light energy during the transmission process is minimized, and providing sufficient light energy for subsequent optical modulation and phototherapy; the optical modulation cavity 2 is used to hold smart materials; the negative feedback regulation capability of the smart material 3 dynamically modulates the optical properties during the phototherapy process, and the smart material can automatically adjust its optical properties according to real-time feedback to optimize the distribution and transmission efficiency of light energy, which helps to maintain stability and consistency during the treatment process and further improve the treatment effect; the filling system 4 accurately injects the required reagents into the target tissue area according to the preset treatment plan, which can enhance the effect of phototherapy. The accuracy of the filling system ensures the accurate distribution of the reagents in the target area, thereby maximizing the treatment effect; the filling system 4 changes the concave and convex shape of the transparent elastomer 5 by controlling the amount of smart material 3, thereby diverging or converging the light.

[0072] Preferably, the smart material is an aqueous solution of an LCST-type ionic liquid;

[0073] The reagent is a photothermal reagent, which is a substance having a photothermal effect in the near-infrared light range. The photothermal reagent used is polypyrrole nanoparticles with a diameter of 50 nm.

[0074] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, 11. construct an adaptive optical waveguide system and calibrate it to obtain a calibrated adaptive optical waveguide system, wherein the adaptive optical waveguide system includes an optical energy transfer system 1, an optical modulation cavity 2, a smart material 3, a filling system 4 and a transparent elastic body 5, including:

[0075] 111. Use optical waveguide materials as light energy transmission media to construct a light energy transmission system 1;

[0076] 112. construct an optical modulation cavity 2, embed a temperature-responsive smart material 3 in the optical modulation cavity 2, and equip a filling system 4 to obtain an integrated optical waveguide system;

[0077] 113. Calibrate the integrated optical waveguide system to obtain a calibrated adaptive optical waveguide system.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the light energy transfer system 1 uses an optical waveguide material as a light energy transmission medium, which can efficiently and stably transmit the light energy generated by the light source to the target area, has excellent light conduction performance, can minimize the loss of light energy during transmission, ensure that sufficient light energy reaches the lesion site, and provide strong light energy support for subsequent optical treatment; the optical modulation cavity 2 is the core component of the adaptive optical waveguide system, which can finely modulate the transmitted light energy. Through the built-in temperature-responsive smart material 3, the optical modulation cavity can dynamically adjust the size, shape and light intensity distribution of the light spot to adapt to the characteristics of different lesions and treatment needs, so that The light energy can be focused more accurately on the lesion area, improving the pertinence and effect of the treatment; Smart material 3: The temperature-responsive smart material built into the optical modulation cavity has a unique negative feedback regulation capability, and can adjust its own optical properties according to real-time temperature changes, thereby realizing dynamic regulation of light energy, which not only improves the adaptability and flexibility of the optical waveguide system, but also can maintain the stability and consistency of light energy during the treatment process, further improving the treatment effect and safety; The filling system 4 provides a convenient filling function for the adaptive optical waveguide system. Through precise filling control, the required reagents can be accurately delivered to the optical modulation cavity or the target tissue area.

[0079] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, 13, the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system is implanted near the target area, and the input end is connected to the output end of the light source, including:

[0080] 131. Implanting the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system near the target;

[0081] 132. According to a preset treatment plan, determine that the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system maintains a preset distance from the required reagent and fix it;

[0082] 133. Connect the other end of the adaptive optical waveguide system to the output end of the light source;

[0083] 134. Use an adaptive optical waveguide system to adjust the coupling state between the output end of the light source and the adaptive optical waveguide system.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present application, by implanting the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system near the target area, it can be ensured that the therapeutic light energy directly acts on the predetermined lesion site, and the precise positioning capability significantly improves the pertinence and effect of phototherapy, while reducing potential damage to healthy tissues; according to the preset treatment plan, the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system is determined to maintain a preset distance from the required reagent and is fixed, ensuring that the interaction between the light energy and the reagent is in an optimal state, thereby optimizing the treatment effect. The fixing operation also ensures stability and reliability during the treatment process, avoiding treatment deviations caused by movement or dislocation; the other end of the adaptive optical waveguide system is connected to the output end of the light source, realizing efficient transmission of light energy, and the light energy generated by the light source is quickly and accurately transmitted to the lesion site through the optical waveguide system, reducing energy loss and transmission time, and improving treatment efficiency; using the adaptive optical waveguide system to adjust the coupling state between the output end of the light source and the adaptive optical waveguide system can ensure that the light energy enters the optical waveguide system to the maximum extent and reduce light energy leakage or scattering. The optimized coupling state not only improves the utilization rate of light energy, but also enhances the safety and controllability of the treatment process.

[0085] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, 14. According to the characteristics of the lesion, the optical characteristics of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system are adjusted so that the light spot is formed to a size matching the lesion within a short distance, including:

[0086] 141. Using an external diagnostic device to obtain lesion characteristics, wherein the lesion characteristics include size, shape, and depth information;

[0087] 142. Calculate the optical characteristics required at the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system according to the characteristics of the lesion;

[0088] 143. In the adaptive optical waveguide system, the distribution of the smart material 3 is changed by injecting functional liquid to change the concave-convex shape of the transparent elastic body 5, adjust the optical properties of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system, and form a light spot size that matches the lesion within a short distance.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, by using an external diagnostic device, the size, shape and depth information of the lesion can be accurately obtained, and the lesion characteristic data provides an important basis for the subsequent adjustment of the optical characteristics, ensuring the pertinence and accuracy of the treatment; according to the acquired lesion characteristics, the optical characteristics required by the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system are determined by calculation, ensuring that the light spot can quickly form a size and shape that matches the lesion within a short distance, thereby maximizing the coverage of the lesion area and reducing the irradiation of surrounding healthy tissues; by injecting functional liquid into the adaptive optical waveguide system, the distribution of the smart material can be changed, and then the concave and convex shape of the transparent elastomer can be changed, so that the system can adjust the optical characteristics in real time according to different lesion characteristics to achieve a personalized treatment plan; the adjusted output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system can form a light spot size that matches the lesion within a short distance, ensuring that the light energy is mainly concentrated in the lesion area, improving the efficiency and effect of the treatment, reducing the irradiation of non-lesion areas, and reducing potential risks and side effects.

[0090] Preferably, the functional liquid is added with 0.73 mol·L -1 The molar ratio of sodium chloride to tetrabutylphosphine to toluenesulfonate solution is 1:50.

[0091] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, 15. According to the preset treatment plan and the characteristics of the lesion, the light source is used for phototherapy, including:

[0092] 151. According to the preset treatment plan and lesion characteristics, set the parameters of the light source, wherein the parameters of the light source include output power, treatment time, drug type and activation conditions;

[0093] 152. Use the light source for phototherapy according to the parameters of the light source.

[0094] In the embodiments of the present application, setting the light source parameters according to the preset treatment plan and lesion characteristics helps to improve the treatment effect, reduce unnecessary irradiation and drug use, and thus reduce the side effects and risks of the treatment; by setting the output power of the light source, the treatment time and other parameters, the amount of light energy transferred and the duration of the treatment during the phototherapy process can be accurately controlled, which helps to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the treatment and avoid excessive or insufficient treatment; adjusting the light source parameters according to the type of medication and its activation conditions can ensure that the drug is effectively activated during the phototherapy process, which can improve the effect of the drug treatment while reducing the amount of drug used and side effects; using a light source with set parameters for phototherapy can ensure the efficiency of the treatment process, and the stable output and precise control of the light source make the treatment time more reasonable, reduce the patient's waiting and recovery time, and improve the overall treatment experience.

[0095] like Figures 1 to 6As shown in FIG16 , during the phototherapy process, the negative feedback regulation capability of the smart material 3 is used to dynamically adjust the optical properties, including:

[0096] 161. During the phototherapy process, the negative feedback regulation capability of smart material 3 is used to dynamically adjust the optical properties;

[0097] 162. Continuously monitor the optical response of smart materials and the response of lesions;

[0098] 163. Continuously iteratively adjust the optical properties of smart materials based on real-time monitoring data;

[0099] 164. When the treatment time reaches the preset value, turn off the light source and stop the treatment.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, the negative feedback regulation capability of the smart material enables the system to dynamically adjust the optical properties according to the real-time treatment situation. If the response of the lesion or the treatment environment changes, the system can respond quickly and adjust the parameters such as the spot size, shape or light intensity to ensure that the treatment is always maintained in the best state; by continuously monitoring the optical response of the smart material and the response of the lesion, the doctor can understand the effect of the treatment in real time and whether the treatment plan needs to be adjusted, which not only improves the treatment effect, but also greatly enhances the safety of the treatment and reduces the risks caused by improper treatment; the optical properties of the smart material are continuously adjusted iteratively according to the real-time monitoring data, making the treatment process more scientific and precise, and ensuring that the treatment is always carried out along the most effective path, thereby maximizing the treatment effect; dynamic adjustment of the optical properties helps to reduce unnecessary irradiation time and waste of light energy, thereby improving the treatment efficiency. Since the treatment process is more personalized and precise, the patient's treatment experience will also be significantly improved; when the treatment time reaches the preset value, the system automatically turns off the light source and stops the treatment, reducing the complexity of manual operation and improving the degree of automation of the treatment.

[0101] In this example, the photothermal reagent polypyrrole is prepared as follows: the aqueous phase consists of 10.0 mL of water containing 0.5 wt.% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1788), and the oil phase contains 100.0 μL of pyrrole dissolved in 2.0 mL of dichloromethane (DCM); an oil-in-water emulsion is prepared by a high-speed disperser, and then 0.4 mL of KPS aqueous solution (2.0 M) is added to initiate the polymerization of pyrrole in the oil phase; then DCM is removed by volatilization; finally, a polypyrrole nanoparticle (PPy NPs) dispersion is obtained by purification by dialysis.

[0102] The preparation method of the adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS) in this example is as follows: take two special quartz tubes of similar length, install the Luer connector on them, and reinforce the joint with 502 glue; use 502 glue to stick the two prepared capillaries in parallel on both sides of the optical fiber; then cut the silicone rubber tube of appropriate length, connect it to the head of the optical fiber, and seal the end with nano tape; the capsule cavity containing an ionic liquid aqueous solution with a phase transition temperature of 43.5°C is the adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS), and the capsule cavity containing water is the ordinary optical waveguide system (OWS).

[0103] In this example, the target tissue area is a simulated tissue, and the preparation method of the simulated tissue is as follows: add 5 mL of 10% gelatin solution and 100 μL of 10% glutaraldehyde solution to a 3.5 cm culture dish; after the gelatin is completely solidified, use a 0.8 cm hole puncher to punch a hole in the center of the culture dish to dig out the gelatin; then add about 0.4 mL of 10% gelatin solution containing 1 mg / mL polypyrrole, and then add 50 μL of 10% glutaraldehyde solution; stir the mixture thoroughly, then seal and place it in a refrigerator at 5°C for 24 hours to cure; when in use, align the optical fiber head with the central black area and adjust the spacing, and then add gelatin for curing to stabilize the optical path.

[0104] Example 1

[0105] According to the above-mentioned embodiment method, simulated tissue and adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS) are prepared, and then different laser powers are adjusted to perform near-infrared photothermal treatment on the simulated tissue; Figure 4 The temperature variations of the photothermal material (Tc) and the optical fiber head (Ta) with the optical power during interventional near-infrared photothermal therapy of simulated tissues by the adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS) are given. It can be seen that when the laser power is lower than 500mW, the temperature of Ta transmitted by heat cannot reach the thermal protection temperature because Tc is not high enough; when the laser power is higher than 500mW, since the thermal diffusion from the photothermal material to the optical fiber head is the rate-determining process, both Ta and Tc show the characteristics of negative feedback regulation. This shows that the thermal protection of the adaptive optical waveguide system is based on the negative feedback regulation of temperature, which is independent of the precise regulation of the laser power and is more convenient and intelligent than the previous methods.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] According to the above-mentioned embodiment method, simulated tissue, extracorporeal light therapy (NIR), ordinary optical waveguide system (OWS) and adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS) were prepared, and then the laser power of the three systems was fixed to be the same (600mW), and near-infrared photothermal therapy was performed on the simulated tissue; Figure 5The temperature changes of photothermal material (Tc) and optical fiber head (Ta) during photothermal therapy of simulated tissue by extracorporeal phototherapy (NIR), normal optical waveguide system (OWS) and adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS) are given; it can be seen that the Tc of the NIR group is lower, and it is difficult to achieve the photothermal treatment effect; although the Tc of the OWS group has a good photothermal treatment effect, Ta also exceeds the tolerance temperature of normal cells and easily causes thermal damage to normal tissues; while the Ta and Tc of the AOWS group can achieve the therapeutic effect and thermal protection for normal tissues due to negative feedback regulation.

[0108] Example 3

[0109] Female Bama miniature pigs aged 10–11 months were selected. First, the hair of the anesthetized experimental pigs was shaved. Second, a polypyrrole dried gelatin sheet with an ultrafine thermocouple and AOWS was implanted subcutaneously into the hind leg muscle. Finally, a laser with a wavelength of 808 nm was introduced into the AOWS, and Ta and Tc were measured with a thermocouple and recorded with UT325. The OWS implantation operation was the same as the above method. Figure 6 The temperature changes of photothermal material (Tc) and optical fiber head (Ta) during interventional photothermal therapy of living pigs using ordinary optical waveguide system (OWS) and adaptive optical waveguide system (AOWS) are given. It can be seen that the Tc of OWS and AOWS groups both reached the temperature range required for treatment, but the Ta of OWS group was much higher than that of AOWS group, and the Ta of AOWS group was closer to the body temperature of pigs, which is within the tolerable temperature range of normal tissues. Therefore, the AOWS group has a good thermal protection effect in interventional near-infrared photothermal therapy of living pigs.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing overheating in phototherapy, characterized in that: include: A light energy delivery system (1) for delivering light energy used for phototherapy to the vicinity of a target area; An optical modulation cavity (2), connected to the optical energy transfer system (1), for receiving the delivered light beam and performing adjustment and modulation; A smart material (3) is located in the optical modulation cavity (2) and is used to modulate the light beam passing therethrough; A filling system (4), connected to the optical modulation cavity (2), for adjusting the type, property and stock of the smart material (3) in the optical modulation cavity (2); A transparent elastic body (5) connected to the optical modulation cavity (2) and used to diverge or converge light; When in use, the light energy transfer system (1) transfers light energy to the optical modulation cavity (2), the optical modulation cavity (2) stores the smart material (3) inside and modulates the light beam, the filling system (4) is connected to the optical modulation cavity (2) and is used to adjust the type, property and storage of the smart material, and the transparent elastic body (5) serves as the external interface of the optical modulation cavity (2) and is used to diverge or converge the light beam.

2. A method for preventing overheating in phototherapy according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: Constructing an adaptive optical waveguide system and calibrating it to obtain a calibrated adaptive optical waveguide system, wherein the adaptive optical waveguide system comprises an optical energy transfer system (1), an optical modulation cavity (2), a smart material (3), a filling system (4) and a transparent elastic body (5); According to a preset treatment plan, the required agents are delivered to the target tissue area, and the agents include but are not limited to photothermal agents; The output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system is implanted near the target area, and the input end is connected to the output end of the light source; According to the characteristics of the lesion, adjusting the optical characteristics of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system so that the light spot is formed to a size matching the lesion within a short distance, wherein the lesion characteristics include size, shape and depth information; Using the light source to perform phototherapy according to a preset treatment plan and lesion characteristics; During phototherapy, the negative feedback regulation capability of smart materials (3) is used to dynamically modulate the optical properties.

3. The method for preventing overheating in phototherapy according to claim 2, characterized in that: An adaptive optical waveguide system is constructed and calibrated to obtain a calibrated adaptive optical waveguide system, wherein the adaptive optical waveguide system comprises an optical energy transfer system (1), an optical modulation cavity (2), a smart material (3), a filling system (4) and a transparent elastic body (5), and includes: Using optical waveguide materials as a light energy transmission medium to construct a light energy transmission system (1); constructing an optical modulation cavity (2), embedding a temperature-responsive smart material (3) in the optical modulation cavity (2), and equipping the cavity with a filling system (4) to obtain an integrated optical waveguide system; The integrated optical waveguide system is calibrated to obtain a calibrated adaptive optical waveguide system.

4. The method for preventing overheating in phototherapy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system is implanted near the target area, and the input end is connected to the output end of the light source, including: implanting the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system near the target; According to a preset treatment plan, determining that the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system maintains a preset distance from the required agent and fixing the distance; connecting the other end of the adaptive optical waveguide system to the output end of the light source; The adaptive optical waveguide system is used to adjust the coupling state between the output end of the light source and the adaptive optical waveguide system.

5. The method for preventing overheating in phototherapy according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the characteristics of the lesion, the optical characteristics of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system are adjusted so that the light spot is formed to a size that matches the lesion within a short distance, including: Using an external diagnostic device to obtain lesion characteristics, wherein the lesion characteristics include size, shape, and depth information; According to the characteristics of the lesion, the required optical characteristics of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system are calculated; In the adaptive optical waveguide system, the distribution of the smart material (3) is changed by injecting functional liquid to change the concave-convex shape of the transparent elastic body (5), adjust the optical properties of the output end of the adaptive optical waveguide system, and form a light spot size that matches the lesion within a short distance.

6. The method for preventing overheating in phototherapy according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the preset treatment plan and the characteristics of the lesion, the light source is used for phototherapy, including: According to the preset treatment plan and lesion characteristics, the parameters of the light source are set, wherein the parameters of the light source include output power, treatment time, drug type and activation conditions; Light therapy is performed using the light source according to the parameters of the light source.

7. The method for preventing overheating in phototherapy according to claim 2, characterized in that: During phototherapy, the negative feedback regulation capability of smart materials (3) is used to dynamically adjust the optical properties, including: During phototherapy, the negative feedback regulation capability of smart materials (3) is used to dynamically adjust the optical properties; Continuously monitor the optical response of smart materials and the response of lesions; Continuously iteratively adjust the optical properties of smart materials based on real-time monitoring data; When the treatment time reaches the preset value, the light source is turned off and the treatment stops.

8. The method for preventing overheating in phototherapy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The form of the smart material includes but is not limited to gas, liquid, solid or a combination of these.

9. The method for preventing overheating in phototherapy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The position of the smart material in the light beam path is not limited, including but not limited to being directly placed at the output end or a section of the light energy transfer system, or placed in the optical modulation cavity, or introduced by a filling system.

10. The method for preventing overheating in phototherapy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical property of the smart material has the characteristic of temperature response, and the response mode includes but is not limited to scattering, absorption, reflection or a combination of several of them.

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