Polyurethane waterproof material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a polyurethane waterproof material and a preparation method thereof, and the polyurethane waterproof material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-55 parts of polyether polyol, 35-45 parts of isocyanate, 0.1-1 part of a catalyst, 1-3 parts of a chain extender, 1-4 parts of a cross-linking agent, 10-20 parts of a filler, 5-10 parts of a solvent and 1-5 parts of a bio-based additive, the bio-based additive comprises synthetic clay, natural vegetable oil and natural rubber. The bio-based additive is used for replacing a petroleum plasticizer, so that the toxicity of the polyurethane waterproof material is reduced, the dependency on petroleum resources is reduced, and meanwhile, the produced polyurethane waterproof material is easy to degrade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of waterproof materials, and specifically relates to a polyurethane waterproof material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polyurethane waterproof material is a commonly used building waterproof material. Its raw materials include polyether polyol, isocyanate, catalyst, chain extender and cross-linking agent, filler, solvent and additives. Additives include plasticizers or stabilizers. At present, the commonly used plasticizer is petroleum plasticizer, which is highly toxic and highly dependent on petroleum resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a polyurethane waterproof material and a preparation method thereof. By replacing petroleum plasticizers with bio-based additives, the toxicity of the polyurethane waterproof material and the dependence on petroleum resources are reduced. At the same time, the produced polyurethane waterproof material is easily degradable.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: On the one hand, the present invention provides a polyurethane waterproof material. The preparation of the polyurethane waterproof material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-55 parts of polyether polyol, 35-45 parts of isocyanate, 0.1-1 parts of catalyst, 1-3 parts of chain extender, 1-4 parts of cross-linking agent, 10-20 parts of filler, 5-10 parts of solvent and 1-5 parts of bio-based additives, wherein the bio-based additives include synthetic clay, natural vegetable oil and natural rubber.

[0005] It should be noted that natural vegetable oil, vegetable fatty acid and its derivatives can be used as plasticizers to replace traditional petroleum-based plasticizers to reduce the impact on the environment. However, only adding natural vegetable oil, the performance under certain extreme conditions is not as good as petroleum-based plasticizers. For example, under high or low temperature conditions, the polyurethane waterproof material prepared by adding natural vegetable oil is easy to harden and embrittle, and the polyurethane waterproof material prepared by adding natural vegetable oil is easy to be corroded under strong acid and alkali environment. Therefore, synthetic clay and natural rubber are also added. Through the synergistic effect of synthetic clay, natural vegetable oil and natural rubber, waterproof materials can be made to cope with extreme conditions. Because synthetic clay can enhance the stability of additives and improve their antioxidant capacity in high temperature environments. The natural rubber can adapt to high humidity environments and has hydrophilicity, and can increase the moisture resistance and mechanical properties of bio-based additives. By adding synergists to natural vegetable oils, its performance under extreme conditions can be improved to a certain extent, approaching or even surpassing petroleum-based plasticizers.

[0006] Preferably, the mass ratio of the natural vegetable oil, the synthetic clay and the natural rubber in the bio-based additive is (4-6): (1-2): (1-2).

[0007] It should be noted that in the above technical solution, when the content of natural vegetable oil is too high, it will lead to excessive oiliness, affecting the heat resistance and anti-permeability of the material. When the content of synthetic clay is too high, it will cause the material to harden and affect flexibility. When the content of natural rubber is too high, the plasticity of the material will be reduced, affecting its construction performance.

[0008] Preferably, the natural vegetable oil includes at least one of soybean oil, rapeseed oil and linseed oil.

[0009] Preferably, the natural gum includes at least one of natural rubber, gum arabic and agave gum.

[0010] Preferably, the synthetic clay comprises at least one of montmorillonite, bentonite, talc and synthetic silicate.

[0011] Preferably, the catalyst comprises diethyltin diacetate or triethylenetetramine.

[0012] Preferably, the chain extender comprises 1,4-butanediol; and or, the cross-linking agent comprises triisocyanate.

[0013] Preferably, the filler comprises calcium carbonate or talc.

[0014] Preferably, the solvent comprises xylene or ethyl acetate.

[0015] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the polyurethane waterproof material, comprising the following steps: S1, mixing the polyether polyol, the isocyanate and the catalyst to obtain a prepolymer; S2. Mixing the prepolymer, the chain extender, the cross-linking agent, the filler, the solvent and the bio-based additive to obtain a polyurethane waterproof material.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The natural vegetable oil, vegetable fatty acid and derivatives thereof of the present invention can be used as plasticizers to replace traditional petroleum-based plasticizers to reduce the impact on the environment. However, only adding natural vegetable oils, the performance under certain extreme conditions is not as good as petroleum-based plasticizers. For example, under high or low temperature conditions, the polyurethane waterproof material prepared by adding natural vegetable oils is easy to harden and become brittle, and the polyurethane waterproof material prepared by adding natural vegetable oils is easily corroded under strong acid and strong alkali environments. Therefore, synthetic clay and natural rubber are also added, and the waterproof material can be made to cope with extreme conditions through the synergistic effect of synthetic clay, natural vegetable oil and natural rubber. Because synthetic clay can enhance the stability of additives and improve their antioxidant capacity in high temperature environments at the same time. The natural rubber can adapt to high humidity environments and has hydrophilicity, and can increase the moisture resistance and mechanical properties of bio-based additives. By adding synergists in natural vegetable oils, its performance under extreme conditions can be improved to a certain extent, approaching or even surpassing petroleum-based plasticizers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention more clearly.

[0018] Example 1 Provided is a polyurethane waterproof material. The preparation of the polyurethane waterproof material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of polyether polyol, 35 parts of isocyanate, 0.1 parts of triethylenetetramine, 1 part of 1,4-butanediol, 1 part of triisocyanate, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 5 parts of xylene and 1 part of a bio-based additive (the mass ratio of soybean oil, talcum powder and the natural rubber in the bio-based additive is 4:1:1).

[0019] The preparation method is to mix polyether polyol, isocyanate and triethylenetetramine, and stir at a temperature of 60°C until they are completely reacted to obtain a prepolymer. The remaining components are added to the prepolymer, stirred and kept warm for 1.5-3 hours until they are evenly dispersed, cooled naturally and stored in a sealed container. Except when adding materials, the vacuum state is maintained throughout the process, and the pressure is 0.1MPa.

[0020] Example 2 Provided is a polyurethane waterproof material. The preparation of the polyurethane waterproof material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of polyether polyol, 40 parts of isocyanate, 0.5 parts of triethylenetetramine, 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol, 3 parts of triisocyanate, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 7 parts of xylene and 3 parts of bio-based additives (the mass ratio of soybean oil, talcum powder and the natural rubber in the bio-based additive is 5:1.5:1.5).

[0021] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0022] Example 3 Provided is a polyurethane waterproof material. The polyurethane waterproof material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of polyether polyol, 45 parts of isocyanate, 1 part of triethylenetetramine, 3 parts of 1,4-butanediol, 4 parts of triisocyanate, 20 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 parts of xylene and 5 parts of bio-based additives (the mass ratio of soybean oil, talcum powder and the natural rubber in the bio-based additive is 6:2:2).

[0023] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0024] Comparative Example 1 A polyurethane waterproof material is provided. The raw materials and preparation method are the same as those in Example 3, except that the bio-based additive only includes soybean oil, and the soybean oil is 5 parts.

[0025] Comparative Example 2 Provided is a polyurethane waterproof material, wherein the raw materials and the preparation method are the same as those in Example 3, except that the bio-based additives only include soybean oil and talcum powder, and the mass ratio of soybean oil to talcum powder is 6:2.

[0026] Comparative Example 3 Provided is a polyurethane waterproof material, the raw materials and the preparation method are the same as those in Example 3, except that the bio-based additive only includes soybean oil and natural rubber, and the mass ratio of soybean oil to synthetic clay is 6:2.

[0027] Comparative Example 4 Provided is a polyurethane waterproof material, the raw materials and preparation method are the same as those in Example 3, except that the bio-based additive is replaced with a petroleum plasticizer (5 parts of phthalate plasticizer).

[0028] Performance testing and results The polyurethane waterproof materials obtained in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were coated on the wall surface respectively, and the coating thickness was 4 mm. Multiple copies of this wall surface were prepared, one part was placed in an environment with a temperature higher than 60°C (avoiding light, air humidity of 40%), one part was placed in an environment with a temperature lower than -10°C (avoiding light, air humidity of 40%), and one part was placed in an environment with an air humidity of 60% (avoiding light, temperature of 24°C), and the state of the waterproof materials was observed. The results are shown in Table 1. In order to see the changes more clearly, white pigment can be added to each polyurethane waterproof material.

[0029] Table 1

[0030] Note: A indicates samples placed in an environment with a temperature higher than 60°C; B indicates samples placed in an environment with a temperature lower than -10°C; C indicates samples placed in an environment with an air humidity of 60%.

[0031] It can be seen from Table 1 that among bio-based additives, the synergistic effect of soybean oil, talc and natural rubber can improve the performance of waterproof materials under extreme conditions to a certain extent, making its effect comparable to that of waterproof materials with added petroleum-based plasticizers.

[0032] Other raw materials or structures not specifically described in the present invention already exist in the prior art and can be directly purchased from the market.

[0033] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polyurethane waterproof material, characterized in that: The preparation of polyurethane waterproof material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: Polyether polyol, 40-55 parts; Isocyanate, 35-45 parts; Catalyst, 0.1-1 part; Chain extender, 1-3 parts; Cross-linking agent, 1-4 parts; Filler, 10-20 parts; Solvent, 5-10 parts; and Bio-based additives, 1-5 parts, wherein the bio-based additives include synthetic clay, natural plant oil and natural gum.

2. The polyurethane waterproof material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the natural plant oil, the synthetic clay and the natural rubber in the bio-based additive is (4-6): (1-2): (1-2).

3. The polyurethane waterproof material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural vegetable oil includes at least one of soybean oil, rapeseed oil and linseed oil.

4. The polyurethane waterproof material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural gum includes at least one of natural rubber, gum arabic and agave gum.

5. The polyurethane waterproof material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synthetic clay includes at least one of montmorillonite, bentonite, talc and synthetic silicate.

6. The polyurethane waterproof material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst includes diethyltin diacetate or triethylenetetramine.

7. The polyurethane waterproof material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chain extender includes 1,4-butanediol; and or, the cross-linking agent includes triisocyanate.

8. The polyurethane waterproof material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler includes calcium carbonate or talc.

9. The polyurethane waterproof material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent includes xylene or ethyl acetate.

10. The method for preparing the polyurethane waterproof material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, mixing the polyether polyol, the isocyanate and the catalyst to obtain a prepolymer; S2. Mixing the prepolymer, the chain extender, the cross-linking agent, the filler, the solvent and the bio-based additive to obtain a polyurethane waterproof material.

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