Fuel gas power generation system and power generation method utilizing efficient coupling of renewable energy sources

Abstract

The invention provides a gas power generation system and method utilizing renewable energy efficient coupling. The gas power generation system comprises a renewable energy supply unit, a heat storage and exchange unit, a fuel gas supply unit and a power generation unit. The heat storage and exchange unit is used for storing heat of the renewable energy sources and exchanging heat with the fuel gas supply unit and / or the power generation unit; the fuel gas supply unit is used for preparing fuel gas by utilizing renewable energy sources and storing the fuel gas; the power generation unit comprises an SOFC battery and an induction coil, the SOFC battery receives the fuel gas to react and generate power, the induction coil is arranged around the SOFC battery, and at least when the SOFC battery is started, power is supplied to the induction coil, so that the SOFC battery is rapidly heated and started. According to the system, the energy utilization efficiency can be improved, the stability and continuity of outward power supply of the system are enhanced, and the requirement for efficient utilization of renewable clean energy in the future is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of clean energy technology, and in particular to a gas power generation system and a power generation method utilizing efficient coupling of renewable energy. Background Art

[0002] At present, clean energy utilization systems have become an important research direction in the energy field, especially in the development and utilization of renewable energy such as light energy and hydrogen energy. Combining green hydrogen technology with the photovoltaic industry is an effective solution and key link to achieve carbon neutrality. Solar energy fundamentally reduces carbon emissions and provides clean energy in the form of green hydrogen. As a new type of energy storage, it can solve the intermittent problem of renewable energy. However, the existing clean energy system still has many shortcomings in terms of energy utilization efficiency, system stability, and energy storage conversion. For example, some systems have significant heat losses during the conversion of high-temperature thermal energy, and fail to make full use of thermal energy resources, resulting in low overall energy utilization efficiency. In addition, some power generation and energy storage systems are difficult to respond quickly when dealing with peak power grid periods or insufficient solar power supply, affecting the system's continuous power supply capacity. In addition, the molten salt heat exchange efficiency of the existing system is generally not high, and the potential of molten salt heat storage has not been fully utilized. These problems seriously restrict the performance and reliability of clean energy utilization systems.

[0003] Invention CN116111131A discloses an integrated power generation and energy storage system and working method integrating molten salt heat storage and exchange and RSOC. The system includes a SOFC power generation unit, a SOEC hydrogen production unit and a molten salt heat storage and exchange unit. When the power grid is in low power consumption, the SOFC power generation unit operates at the lowest load, and the SOEC power generation unit uses the excess power in the power grid and the heat energy stored in the molten salt heat storage and exchange system to electrolyze water vapor to generate hydrogen and oxygen and store them; when the power grid is in peak power consumption, the SOEC hydrogen production unit operates at the lowest load, and the SOFC power generation unit transmits power to the power grid, and the heat released is stored in the molten salt heat storage and exchange system for preheating fuel gas when producing hydrogen. This invention mainly relies on the peak-valley electricity price difference of the power grid to achieve energy utilization, does not make full use of clean energy such as solar energy, and is difficult to completely break away from dependence on traditional energy.

[0004] Invention CN118031431A discloses a hydrogen production, power generation and heating system based on a reversible solid oxide battery and a fixed solar field. The cold molten salt of the heating system is pumped to the solar collector system to produce hot molten salt, which is stored in a hot molten salt storage tank. The hot molten salt in the hot molten salt storage tank is pumped to the No. 1 heat exchanger for heat exchange with water. The generated high-temperature water vapor enters the SOEC for electrochemical reaction. The SOEC produces high-temperature hydrogen and high-temperature oxygen. The high-temperature hydrogen and high-temperature oxygen enter the No. 2 heat exchanger for heat exchange. The heat-exchanged oxygen enters the O2 storage tank, and the heat-exchanged hydrogen enters the compressor and then enters the H2 storage tank. The oxygen and hydrogen are used by the SOFC for power generation during peak periods; hydrogen production and power generation are used for regional heating at the same time. The invention combines the fixed solar field, solid oxide fuel cell, solid oxide electrolyzer, Kalina cycle and organic Rankine cycle, and can better utilize renewable resources such as solar energy and water to produce green hydrogen, while storing hydrogen and using green hydrogen for power generation and heating. This invention does not address the high startup temperature and long startup time of SOFC, the difficulty in quickly starting SOFC to provide supplementary power when monitoring emergencies such as peak power consumption, and the failure to fully collect and utilize the system's waste heat and exhaust gas, resulting in a more efficient use of the clean energy of the solar field.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve energy utilization efficiency, enhance the stability and sustainability of the power supply system, and provide clean energy utilization methods and continuous power generation systems and methods that meet the efficient utilization of renewable energy in the future is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a gas power generation system and power generation method that utilizes efficient coupling of renewable energy. Through the coordinated cooperation of various power generation equipment, energy storage equipment, heat exchange equipment, etc., the problems of renewable energy power supply being greatly affected by the outside world and difficulty in continuous and stable power supply during peak and trough periods of electricity consumption are intelligently and efficiently solved, thereby improving energy utilization, enhancing the stability of the power supply system, and providing a green, environmentally friendly, sustainable and healthy cycle path.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen production and power generation system that utilizes light energy and hydrogen energy in an efficient coupling, and a gas power generation system that utilizes renewable energy in an efficient coupling, characterized in that it comprises: a renewable energy supply unit, a heat storage and exchange unit, a fuel gas supply unit, and a power generation unit;

[0008] A heat storage and exchange unit stores heat from renewable energy and exchanges heat with a fuel gas supply unit and / or a power generation unit;

[0009] A fuel gas supply unit, which uses renewable energy to prepare and store fuel gas;

[0010] The power generation unit includes a SOFC cell and an induction coil. The SOFC cell receives the fuel gas to react and generate electricity. The induction coil is arranged around the SOFC cell. At least when the SOFC cell is started, power is supplied to the induction coil to quickly heat up and start the SOFC cell.

[0011] Renewable energy includes solar energy, hydropower, wind energy, biomass energy, wave energy, tidal energy, ocean temperature difference energy, geothermal energy, etc. They can be recycled in nature. They are inexhaustible energy and will regenerate automatically without human intervention.

[0012] The fuel gas supply unit prepares many types of fuel gas, mainly fuel gas that can be provided to SOFC cells for reaction and power generation, including but not limited to hydrogen, natural gas, synthesis gas, biomass gas, etc.

[0013] Preferably, the renewable energy providing unit includes a solar thermal device, which provides electrical energy and thermal energy;

[0014] The heat storage and exchange unit stores the heat from solar energy;

[0015] The fuel gas supply unit includes a hydrogen production device, which uses solar energy to convert water vapor into hydrogen and oxygen, which are stored in hydrogen storage tanks and oxygen storage tanks respectively;

[0016] The anode air inlet pipe of the SOFC cell is connected to the hydrogen storage tank, and the cathode air inlet pipe is connected to the oxygen storage tank;

[0017] The power generation unit also includes a gas turbine, which includes a combustion chamber, a steam turbine and a generator. The combustion chamber is connected to the anode exhaust pipe and the cathode exhaust pipe of the SOFC cell, and the steam outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the steam turbine. The steam turbine and the generator are connected by a transmission shaft; the generator provides electrical energy to the outside and supplies power to the induction coil at least when the SOFC cell is started.

[0018] Through the coordinated cooperation of solar thermal equipment, heat storage and exchange units, hydrogen production equipment and power generation units, it is possible to fully utilize renewable solar clean energy, not only to directly supply power to the outside, but also to use the electricity and heat energy provided by it to promote the operation and energy storage of other units in the system, use the power generation unit to supplement power during peak power consumption, and switch the power generation unit under environmental changes to ensure continuous power supply to the outside. In particular, the induction coil that heats up quickly based on the principle of electromagnetic induction and uses the generator of the gas turbine to supply power can effectively solve the problem of long startup time of SOFC batteries without the support of the power grid, significantly reduce the startup response time of SOFC, and intelligently and flexibly combine multiple power generation methods to provide a more stable and controllable continuous power generation system.

[0019] Preferably, the SOFC battery comprises a cylindrical battery box, and a battery pack having a plurality of SOFC battery cells, an anode air inlet pipe, a cathode air inlet pipe, a first current divider, a second current divider, an anode current collector, an anode exhaust pipe, a cathode current collector and a cathode exhaust pipe housed in the cylindrical battery box;

[0020] The anode air intake pipeline passes hydrogen into the anode of the battery unit through the first splitter, and the cathode air intake pipeline passes oxygen into the cathode of the battery unit through the second splitter;

[0021] The anode exhaust of the battery unit is passed into the anode exhaust pipe through the anode current collector, and the cathode exhaust is passed into the cathode exhaust pipe through the cathode current collector. The anode exhaust pipe is connected to the anode air intake pipe for heat exchange, and the cathode exhaust pipe is connected to the cathode air intake pipe for heat exchange.

[0022] Preferably, a plurality of the battery packs are arranged in the space around the anode air intake pipe, each battery pack is formed into a columnar structure by stacking a plurality of battery units, and the battery units include a stacked anode side connecting plate, an anode functional layer, an electrolyte layer, a cathode functional layer and a cathode side connecting plate;

[0023] The induction coils are arranged around the columnar structures of each battery pack and are respectively connected to the generators of the gas turbines.

[0024] A cylindrical battery box is used, and the anode air intake pipe and the anode exhaust pipe are extended along the central axis to form a uniform gas supply and gas collection structure in the circumferential direction. The cathode exhaust pipe and the cathode air intake pipe are stacked on the inner wall of the battery box, so that a space for accommodating the battery pack is formed between the central axis formed by the anode air intake pipe and the anode exhaust pipe and the wall surface where the cathode exhaust pipe and the air intake pipe are stacked, which can form a compact arrangement of the solid oxide fuel cell system and reduce the system footprint. Among them, on the inner wall of the battery box, it is preferred to arrange the relatively low-temperature cathode air intake pipe on the outside, and the high-temperature cathode exhaust pipe on the inside of the air intake pipe, so that the system has a lower impact on external heat radiation. It can be seen that the anode air intake pipe of the present invention is connected to the hydrogen storage tank, the cathode air intake pipe is connected to the oxygen storage tank, and the anode air intake pipe and the cathode air intake pipe are connected to the molten salt (temperature is about 200°C to 500°C) storage tank for heat exchange, which can provide high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen to the SOFC. After that, the high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen enter the columnar battery box, and can be further heated by heat exchange with the high-temperature exhaust gas (about 600-700°C) respectively.

[0025] More preferably, the stacking surface of the anode exhaust pipe and the anode air intake pipe, and the stacking surface of the cathode exhaust pipe and the cathode air intake pipe are both corrugated heat exchange structures, and the corrugated heat exchange structure includes a metal corrugated plate, and the thickness of the metal corrugated plate is 50-500μm, preferably 100-200μm, which enhances the heat transfer efficiency while ensuring the basic mechanical strength. Compared with the planar heat exchange structure, the corrugated heat exchange structure is more conducive to increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the corrugated heat exchange structure also helps to reduce the flow resistance inside the pipeline and reduce unnecessary energy loss. In addition, the structure also has excellent mechanical support performance, ensuring the stable operation and long service life of the pipeline.

[0026] Preferably, the combustion chamber may include an air inlet, a first air inlet, a second air inlet and a steam outlet, the air inlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the external environment, the first air inlet is connected to the anode exhaust pipe of the SOFC cell, the second air inlet is connected to the cathode exhaust pipe of the SOFC cell, the steam outlet is connected to the steam turbine, and the steam turbine and the generator are connected by a transmission shaft; the generator provides electrical energy to the outside, and at least when the SOFC cell is started, supplies power to the induction coil, so that the SOFC cell heats up quickly and starts.

[0027] Preferably, the solar electric thermal device comprises a solar energy conversion module, a control energy storage module and an electric heater:

[0028] (1) A solar energy conversion module comprising an array of photovoltaic cells arranged in series to enhance voltage output;

[0029] (2) Control energy storage module, including high-frequency charging controller, battery energy storage unit and embedded microcontroller, specifically:

[0030] a high-frequency charge controller for managing electrical energy from the solar conversion modules;

[0031] A battery energy storage unit for storing the aforementioned managed electrical energy;

[0032] an embedded microcontroller configured to collect data from the high-frequency charge controller and the battery energy storage unit and to monitor the high-frequency charge controller and the battery energy storage unit;

[0033] Among them, the high-frequency charging controller preferably includes a pulse width regulator and a maximum power point tracking controller, which are used to optimize the charging efficiency of the battery energy storage unit, prevent overcharging and overheating of the battery energy storage unit, and extend the service life.

[0034] Pulse width controller plays an important role in solar energy utilization system and is a key factor affecting battery health and life. It is used to manage and effectively regulate the energy flow from solar panels to batteries. The core working principle of pulse width controller revolves around the regulation of charging pulse width. In particular, pulse width controller can intermittently interrupt and start the charging process. The dynamic regulation method allows it to effectively regulate the energy delivered to the battery, that is, to maintain a relatively constant output voltage and prevent overcharging.

[0035] The maximum power point tracking controller continuously tracks and adjusts the electrical operating point of the connected solar panel, dynamically adjusting the electrical operating point of the solar panel to maximize power output and ensure that the system operates at peak efficiency. Regardless of changes in sunlight intensity, temperature or shadow, by actively adapting to fluctuations in solar irradiance, the maximum power point tracking controller can extract more energy from the panel, ultimately improving overall system efficiency.

[0036] (3) An electric heater uses the electric energy of the battery energy storage unit to provide heat energy to at least the molten salt heat storage and exchange device, so as to convert the cold molten salt into hot molten salt.

[0037] The basic principle of solar power generation is based on the photovoltaic effect, that is, when light shines on a semiconductor material, the energy of the photons excites electrons to be released from atoms, forming electron-hole pairs. These electrons and holes move to the two poles under the action of the electric field, thereby generating current. Solar cells are devices that use this effect to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The working process of solar cells involves the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor PN junction. When sunlight or other light sources shine on the semiconductor PN junction, a voltage is generated on both sides of the PN junction, namely the photovoltaic voltage. This voltage can be used to generate current and supply power to external circuits.

[0038] The present invention combines solar electric thermal equipment in the sunshine field with hydrogen production equipment, heat storage and exchange units, etc. to convert solar energy into electrical energy and thermal energy as much as possible, and provides it to various units of the system for use on the basis of external power supply, and stores energy through energy conversion. Compared with traditional solar panels, this device has higher energy conversion efficiency, can make full use of solar energy resources, and realize efficient supply of electrical energy and thermal energy.

[0039] Preferably, the heat storage and exchange unit includes a molten salt heat storage and exchange device, and the molten salt heat storage and exchange device includes a first molten salt heat exchanger for the hydrogen production equipment and a second molten salt heat exchanger for the power generation unit;

[0040] The hot molten salt and the water inlet of the hydrogen production equipment are heat exchanged in the first molten salt heat exchanger to obtain high-temperature water vapor, and the cooled cold molten salt is refluxed for recycling;

[0041] The hot molten salt is exchanged with the anode air and cathode air of the SOFC battery in the second molten salt heat exchanger to obtain high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen, and the cooled molten salt is refluxed for recycling.

[0042] Solar energy is a clean and renewable energy source. Among all renewable energy sources, solar energy is the most widely distributed and the easiest to obtain. However, solar energy is affected by regular changes in geography, day and night, and seasons, as well as random factors such as cloudy and rainy weather. The energy flow density is low, usually less than one kilowatt per square meter. In addition, energy is unstable and discontinuous with time and weather changes. Using solar thermal storage technology to store solar energy in the form of heat can avoid the low energy flow density and the constraints of day and night, seasons, cloudy and rainy weather.

[0043] Solar thermal storage technologies include phase change storage, sensible heat storage, chemical reaction storage and other methods.

[0044] Phase change storage is a process of using heat storage materials to undergo phase change under the action of heat to generate heat storage. Phase change storage has the advantages of high energy storage density and small temperature fluctuation range during the heat release process. The present invention preferably adopts a phase change heat storage method, which can utilize high-temperature water vapor, molten salts, metals and alloys, fluoride salts and their eutectic mixtures, as well as organic phase change materials such as alcohols, acids, esters, and higher alkanes. In the solar thermal power generation and heat storage system of the present invention, it is preferred but not limited to use hot molten salt as the heat storage medium, which has the advantages of a wide temperature range, large heat capacity, low viscosity, and good chemical stability.

[0045] In addition, sensible heat storage and chemical reaction storage are also optional. Sensible heat storage is the process of storing or releasing heat by raising or lowering the temperature of the material using the thermal capacity of the heat storage material. The heat storage principle is simple, the material source is abundant, and the cost is low, but the heat release process cannot be kept at a constant temperature, and the heat storage density is low, which makes the heat storage device bulky. In addition, there is a temperature difference with the surrounding environment, resulting in heat loss. Heat cannot be stored for a long time and is not suitable for long-term, large-capacity heat storage. Chemical reaction storage uses the reaction heat of chemical reactions to store heat. It has the advantages of high energy storage density and long-term storage, but it has high requirements for chemical reactions, product storage, and reactant toxicity.

[0046] Preferably, the hydrogen production equipment includes a SOEC hydrogen production device, which utilizes the electric energy provided by the solar electric thermal equipment and the high-temperature water vapor obtained by heat exchange with the molten salt heat storage and exchange device to obtain hydrogen and oxygen through electrochemical reactions, which are stored in hydrogen storage tanks and oxygen storage tanks respectively;

[0047] The hydrogen production and power generation system also includes a SOEC electrolysis unit, which uses the electricity provided by the solar thermal equipment and high-temperature CO2 to produce CO and oxygen through electrochemical reactions, which are stored in exhaust gas storage tanks and oxygen storage tanks respectively;

[0048] The molten salt heat storage and exchange device includes a third molten salt heat exchanger for the SOEC electrolysis unit, wherein the CO2 inlet gas exchanges heat with the hot molten salt in the third molten salt heat exchanger to obtain the high-temperature CO2, and the cooled cold molten salt is refluxed for recycling;

[0049] The CO2 intake comes from a CO2 gas storage tank, which is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the gas turbine.

[0050] Hydrogen production equipment is a device that decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen, and mainly includes three types: alkaline electrolyzer (AEC / ALK), proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEMEC) and solid oxide electrolyzer (SOEC). In comparison, alkaline electrolyzers are low in cost and suitable for large-scale hydrogen production; proton exchange membrane electrolyzers start quickly and have high efficiency, but the cost is relatively high; solid oxide electrolyzers have the highest efficiency, but the cost and maintenance costs are relatively high. The present invention preferably but not limited to the use of SOEC hydrogen production equipment, using solar energy, an important renewable energy source, while ensuring high-efficiency hydrogen production, reduces the operating cost of SOEC, and provides an effective solution for clean energy conversion.

[0051] Preferably, the SOFC cell is a medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with an operating temperature range of 600-750°C, and the exhaust gas storage tank of the SOEC electrolysis unit is connected to the anode air inlet pipe of the SOFC cell for power generation by the power generation unit; and / or

[0052] The exhaust gas storage tank of the SOEC electrolysis unit and the hydrogen storage tank of the SOEC hydrogen production device are both connected to the methane synthesis device; and / or

[0053] The exhaust gas storage tank of the SOEC electrolysis unit and the hydrogen storage tank of the SOEC hydrogen production device are both connected to the methanol synthesis device.

[0054] During the operation of the SOFC cell of the power generation unit of the present invention, high-temperature anode exhaust and cathode exhaust will be generated. In the combined power generation equipment of the present invention, the high-temperature tail gas of SOFC is first used to heat exchange and heat up the hydrogen and oxygen entering the SOFC, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the SOFC. The heat exchanged and cooled anode exhaust and cathode exhaust are further introduced into the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. The unreacted raw gas and the air introduced into the air inlet are burned in the combustion chamber to obtain high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam enters the steam turbine from the steam outlet, drives the steam turbine to rotate, and drives the generator to output AC power through the transmission shaft, thereby achieving full utilization of the high-temperature exhaust. At the same time, the gas turbine will generate a large amount of high-temperature CO2 and water vapor. After the high-temperature CO2 and water vapor are heat exchanged with the outside and separated by the separator, they can be stored and co-extruded into SOEC for use. Among them, CO2 is introduced into the SOEC electrolysis unit as a raw material after heat exchange and temperature increase with the hot molten salt. Through efficient electrochemical reaction, CO2 is converted into carbon monoxide (exhaust storage tank) and oxygen (oxygen storage tank), realizing the resource utilization of CO2 and achieving the effect of energy saving and emission reduction. CO2 can also be converted into valuable chemical raw materials, further improving the energy efficiency of the system.

[0055] In addition, CO stored in the exhaust gas storage tank is also an important fuel and chemical raw material. The SOFC cell of the present invention is a medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with an operating temperature range of 600-750°C. The CO in the exhaust gas storage tank can be connected to the anode air intake pipe of the SOFC cell for power generation by the power generation unit; and / or the hydrogen storage tank of the SOEC hydrogen production device is connected to the methane synthesis device; and / or the hydrogen storage tank of the SOEC hydrogen production device is connected to the methanol synthesis device.

[0056] Preferably, the SOFC cell comprises at least one of the following:

[0057] (1) The anode-side connecting plate has a first convex rib and a first fluid groove at least on the side facing the anode, and a Cr volatilization-proof coating is provided on at least the surface of the first convex rib;

[0058] (2) The cathode-side connecting plate has a second convex rib and a second fluid groove at least on the side facing the cathode, and a Cr volatilization-proof coating is provided on at least the surface of the second convex rib;

[0059] (3) The electrolyte layer includes a three-layer structure of BCSCuO / SDC / PSDC, where BCSCuO is connected to the anode functional layer and PSDC is connected to the cathode functional layer;

[0060] (4) The anode functional layer comprises NiO-BCSCuO;

[0061] (5) The cathode functional layer comprises LSM-SDC or LSCF-SDC.

[0062] When arranged between two battery cells, the anode side connecting plate and the cathode side connecting plate may actually be a connecting plate assembly, with convex ribs and fluid grooves respectively arranged on both sides of the connecting plate assembly. At this time, the two sides of the connecting plate assembly are divided into the anode side and the cathode side.

[0063] The anode side connecting plate, cathode side connecting plate and the aforementioned connecting plate assembly can be made of ferritic stainless steel (FSS) or Fe-Cr alloy (such as Crofer-22 APU or Crofer-22HCr). The material of the anti-Cr volatilization coating can be selected from rare earth metal (Y, La, Ce, Hf, etc.) oxide materials, perovskite oxide materials (LaCoO3, LaCaCoO3, La 1-x Sr x CoO3、La 1- x Sr x MnO3, etc.), spinel oxides ((MnCo)3O4, (MnNi)3O4, MnCr2O4, NiFe2O4, etc.) to improve its antioxidant capacity. Among them, it is more preferred to use SUS430 ferritic stainless steel to manufacture the aforementioned connecting plate, and use magnetron sputtering to deposit a NiFe2 coating on its surface for 1-3h to obtain a thickness of about 0.5-4mm. The coating is sintered in an oxidizing environment of 800±20℃ to form a three-layer structure, from top to bottom Fe2O3-NiFe2O4-NiO, and the coating is a dense coating with closed pores. More preferably, in order to prevent the diffusion of elements between the aforementioned coating and the connecting plate substrate, it is more preferred to prepare a CrN diffusion prevention layer on the SUS430 ferritic stainless steel in advance, and then deposit NiFe2, and obtain Fe2O3-NiFe2O4-NiO-CrN through oxidation sintering at 800±20℃. The coating exhibits better antioxidant and Cr resistance effects, and is also beneficial to reducing the surface specific resistance ASR.

[0064] Regarding the material and structure of the electrolyte layer. First, in a medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with an operating temperature range of 600-750°C, SDC is used as the solid electrolyte layer, and its oxygen ion conductivity is improved by about one order of magnitude relative to the existing common YSZ. In addition, in order to prevent or reduce the occurrence of electron conduction in the SDC solid electrolyte layer under reducing conditions, resulting in the occurrence of electron leakage current, and thus causing a decrease in the fuel efficiency and energy efficiency of the entire device, the present invention forms a BCSCuO anode barrier layer on the anode side to block the electron current in the electrolyte. Compared with forming a YSZ barrier layer on the SDC layer, the BCSCuO / SDC combination has a denser structure and a more compatible thermal expansion coefficient.

[0065] The specific production process includes: Based on Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 1.9The supporting electrolyte layer of cerium dioxide (SDC) is formed on one side of the anode barrier layer, and on the other side of the cathode modification layer. The anode barrier layer is made of a material based on barium cerate, and BaCe doped with samarium and copper 0.8 Sm 0.19 Cu 0.1 O3 (BCSCuO), applied to the SDC electrolyte layer by electrophoretic deposition and sintered at 1500-1550°C for 4-6 hours. The cathode modification layer is made of a cerium dioxide material based on doped samarium and praseodymium, with a composition of Ce 0.8 (Sm 0.5 Pr 0.5 ) 0.2 O 1.9 (PSDC) was deposited onto the SDC electrolyte layer by electrophoresis and sintered at 1400-1550°C for 4-6 hours.

[0066] Based on the design of the electrolyte layer, the SOFC cell of the present invention is provided with a corresponding anode functional layer and cathode functional layer. Preferably, the anode functional layer comprises NiO-BaCe with a thickness of 10-30 μm. 0.8 Sm 0.19 Cu 0.1 O3, NiO and BaCe 0.8 Sm 0.19 Cu 0.1 The mass ratio of O3 is (50-55): (45-50). Preferably, the cathode functional layer comprises (La 0.8 Sr 0.2 ) 0.98 MnO3(LSM)-SDC or La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Fe 0.8 Co 0.2 O3(LSCF)-SDC, wherein the mass ratio of LSM or LSCF to SDC is (55-65):(35-45).

[0067] Preferably, the SOEC hydrogen production stack of the SOEC hydrogen production device and the SOEC stack of the SOEC electrolysis unit are proton-conducting solid oxide electrolysis cells, and the operating temperature is 400° C. to 800° C.;

[0068] In the SOEC hydrogen production device, the high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen generated by the reaction are respectively connected to the inlet water through the inlet water heat exchanger, and the inlet water heat exchanger is upstream of the second molten salt heat exchanger;

[0069] In the SOEC electrolysis unit, the high-temperature CO and oxygen generated by the reaction are respectively connected to the CO2 intake through an intake heat exchanger, which is upstream of the third molten salt heat exchanger.

[0070] The above structure uses exhaust waste heat and hot molten salt to preheat the incoming water / intake air, effectively realizing the multi-stage recycling of thermal energy, greatly reducing the electrical energy required for the electrolysis process, and improving the overall efficiency and stability of the system. This design makes the present invention more efficient in terms of clean energy utilization and energy conservation and emission reduction, and realizes the maximum utilization of thermal energy resources.

[0071] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a power generation method of the hydrogen production power generation system, including a renewable energy direct power supply mode and a power generation unit supplementary power supply mode;

[0072] (1) Renewable energy direct power supply mode, including:

[0073] The renewable energy supply unit directly supplies electricity to the outside and the fuel gas supply unit, and at the same time provides thermal energy to the heat storage and exchange unit;

[0074] A fuel gas supply unit, which uses renewable energy to prepare and store fuel gas;

[0075] (2) The power generation unit supplementary power supply mode includes:

[0076] The SOFC cell receives the fuel gas to react and generate electricity;

[0077] Among them, the control unit of the gas power generation system determines the combined use or switching of the power generation unit supplementary power supply mode according to the power supply situation of the direct power supply mode of renewable energy, and at least when the SOFC battery is started, supplies power to the induction coil arranged around the SOFC battery to make the SOFC battery quickly heat up and start.

[0078] Specifically preferably, the fuel gas supply unit includes a hydrogen production device, and the renewable energy direct power supply mode is a solar thermal device that directly supplies power to the outside and the hydrogen production unit, while providing heat energy to the heat storage and exchange unit;

[0079] The hydrogen production unit converts water vapor into hydrogen and oxygen, which are stored in hydrogen and oxygen storage tanks respectively;

[0080] In the supplementary power supply mode of the power generation unit, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is introduced into the SOFC cell through the anode air intake pipe, and the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank is introduced into the SOFC cell through the cathode air intake pipe. The high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen react chemically in the SOFC cell to output electrical energy.

[0081] The power generation unit also includes a gas turbine, which includes a combustion chamber, a steam turbine and a generator. The anode exhaust and cathode exhaust of the SOFC cell enter the combustion chamber and are burned to obtain high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam enters the steam turbine from the steam outlet, drives the steam turbine to rotate, and drives the generator to output alternating current through the transmission shaft. At least when the SOFC cell is started, the gas turbine supplies power to the induction coil, so that the SOFC cell heats up quickly and starts.

[0082] Preferably, the SOFC battery rapid temperature rise start-up comprises the following steps:

[0083] S1, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank and oxygen in the oxygen storage tank are preheated with the heat storage and heat exchange unit to preheat the SOFC battery pack, and then enter the combustion chamber through the anode exhaust pipe and the cathode exhaust pipe to burn and obtain high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam enters the steam turbine from the steam outlet, drives the steam turbine to rotate, and drives the generator to output AC power through the transmission shaft;

[0084] S2. The generator supplies power to the induction coil surrounding the SOFC cells, rapidly heating the battery pack to 600°C to 750°C.

[0085] If a faster start is required, the start of the induction coil can also be supplemented by other external AC power supply equipment or power grids. In addition, according to the power consumption monitoring data or power consumption experience data, it is also an optional solution to use the AC power converted by the solar electric thermal equipment to power the induction coil in advance to heat up the SOFC cell and start it. However, when the above power supply method is inconvenient or insufficient or in some emergencies, using the gas turbine of the power generation unit to supply power can provide basic quick start guarantee. This is the importance and necessity of the present invention to set up a gas turbine in addition to the solar electric thermal equipment and SOFC cell.

[0086] Preferably, the direct power supply mode also includes a gas turbine exhaust gas utilization process:

[0087] The SOEC stack of the SOEC electrolysis unit utilizes the electric energy provided by the solar thermal device and the high-temperature CO2 obtained by heat exchange with the hot molten salt provided by the gas turbine to obtain carbon monoxide and oxygen through electrochemical reaction, which are output through the exhaust pipe and the oxygen outlet pipe and stored in the exhaust storage tank and the oxygen storage tank respectively;

[0088] Optionally, in the supplementary power supply mode of the power generation unit, the exhaust gas storage tank is connected to the anode air inlet pipe of the SOFC cell to supply power to the power generation unit; and / or

[0089] The exhaust gas storage tank and the hydrogen storage tank are both connected to a methane synthesis device to react and generate methane; and / or the exhaust gas storage tank and the hydrogen storage tank are both connected to a methanol synthesis device to catalytically generate methanol.

[0090] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0091] (1) The present invention realizes the efficient conversion and utilization of renewable energy electric energy, thermal energy and chemical energy by organically combining the renewable energy supply unit, the heat storage and exchange unit, the fuel gas supply unit and the power generation unit. In particular, the solar thermal equipment converts light energy into electric energy and thermal energy, the heat storage and exchange unit effectively stores thermal energy, the hydrogen production equipment efficiently converts electric energy and thermal energy into hydrogen and oxygen, the power generation unit efficiently converts hydrogen and other fuel gases into electric energy, and the converted hydrogen and other fuel gases and oxygen can also be used or sold separately. The entire system forms an efficient conversion path for multiple energy sources, which maximizes the energy utilization rate.

[0092] (2) The continuous power generation system utilizing clean energy of the present invention combines direct power supply from renewable energy with supplementary power supply from power generation units, and can be flexibly adjusted according to changes in the external environment and power supply demand. When the supply of renewable energy is sufficient, the system mainly utilizes renewable energy to supply power to external and internal units, and at the same time, the fuel gas is prepared or integrated in advance through the fuel gas supply unit, and stored accordingly; when the renewable energy is insufficient, or the power consumption increases sharply, the system automatically switches to the supplementary power supply mode of the power generation unit, or starts the supplementary power supply mode of the power generation unit to supplement the direct power supply mode, to ensure the continuity and sufficiency of the power supply. This flexible and diversified power supply mode greatly improves the stability and reliability of the system, and ensures the ability to maintain continuous and stable power supply under a variety of external environments, conditions and power demands.

[0093] (3) The heat storage and exchange unit and the multi-stage heat exchange method play an important role in the entire system, effectively reducing heat loss and ensuring efficient energy transfer between the units in the system. In particular, in terms of fuel gas supply unit and power generation unit raw material preheating, energy loss is further reduced, significantly improving the efficiency of the overall system. In particular, the generator of the gas turbine is used to provide AC power to the induction coil, and while the high-temperature raw gas is preheated, the temperature of the battery pack is quickly raised to the operating temperature, overcoming the problems of slow startup and high energy consumption of solid oxide fuel cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0094] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the hydrogen production and power generation system of the present invention.

[0095] Reference numerals:

[0096] 1-solar electric thermal equipment, 211-hot molten salt storage tank, 212-cold molten salt storage tank, 221-first molten salt heat exchanger, 222-second molten salt heat exchanger, 223-third molten salt heat exchanger, 3-SOEC hydrogen production device, 4-SOEC electrolysis unit, 51-SOFC battery, 52-induction coil, 531-combustion chamber, 5311-air inlet, 5312-first air inlet, 5313-second air inlet, 532-steam turbine, 533-generator, 6-water storage tank, 7-hydrogen storage tank, 8-oxygen storage tank, 9-exhaust storage tank, 10-separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0097] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in combination with the specification and specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0098] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings, and "multiple" generally includes at least two.

[0099] It should also be noted that the term "includes", "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the commodity or device including the elements.

[0100] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a gas power generation system utilizing renewable energy for efficient coupling, comprising: a renewable energy supply unit, a heat storage and exchange unit, a hydrogen production device, a power generation unit, and an optional SOEC electrolysis unit 4;

[0101] (1) The renewable energy providing unit is preferably, but not limited to, a solar electric thermal device 1, including a solar energy conversion module, a control energy storage module and an electric heater:

[0102] (1.1) Solar energy conversion module, including photovoltaic cell arrays arranged in series, converts solar energy into electrical energy and enhances voltage output. The photovoltaic cell array can use high-efficiency single-crystal silicon or multi-crystal silicon solar cells to ensure maximum absorption of solar light.

[0103] (1.2) Control energy storage module, including high-frequency charging controller, battery energy storage unit and embedded microcontroller, specifically:

[0104] a high-frequency charge controller for managing electrical energy from the solar conversion modules;

[0105] A battery energy storage unit for storing the aforementioned managed electrical energy;

[0106] an embedded microcontroller configured to collect data from the high-frequency charge controller and the battery energy storage unit and to monitor the high-frequency charge controller and the battery energy storage unit;

[0107] The high-frequency charging controller preferably includes a pulse width controller and a maximum power point tracking controller, which are used to optimize the charging efficiency of the battery energy storage unit, prevent overcharging and overheating of the battery energy storage unit, and extend the service life. The above components can all be commercially available products.

[0108] (1.3) The electric heater uses the electric energy of the battery energy storage unit to provide heat energy to at least the molten salt heat storage and exchange device. The cold molten salt in the cold molten salt storage tank 212 is pumped to the electric heater, absorbs the heat energy and converts it into hot molten salt, which is stored in the hot molten salt storage tank 211.

[0109] (2) a heat storage and exchange unit, preferably but not limited to a molten salt heat storage and exchange device, including a first molten salt heat exchanger 221 for a hydrogen production device, a second molten salt heat exchanger 222 for a power generation unit, and a third molten salt heat exchanger for an SOEC electrolysis unit 4, wherein the first molten salt heat exchanger 221, the second molten salt heat exchanger 222 and the third molten salt heat exchanger 223 are respectively connected to the cold molten salt storage tank 212 and the hot molten salt storage tank 211 by pipeline;

[0110] The hot molten salt output from the hot molten salt storage tank 211 exchanges heat with the water inlet of the hydrogen production equipment in the first molten salt heat exchanger 221, and the high-temperature water vapor is passed into the SOEC hydrogen production stack, and the cooled cold molten salt flows back to the cold molten salt storage tank 212 for recycling;

[0111] The hot molten salt output from the hot molten salt storage tank exchanges heat with the anode air intake and cathode air intake of the SOFC battery 51 in the second molten salt heat exchanger 222, providing high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen to the SOFC battery 51, and the cooled cold molten salt flows back to the cold molten salt storage tank 212 for recycling;

[0112] The hot molten salt output from the hot molten salt storage tank 211 exchanges heat with the CO2 inlet gas of the SOEC electrolysis unit 4, providing high-temperature CO2 to the SOEC electrolysis unit 4, and the cooled cold molten salt flows back to the cold molten salt storage tank 212 for recycling;

[0113] (3) A fuel gas supply unit, including a hydrogen production device, preferably but not limited to a SOEC hydrogen production device 3, including a SOEC hydrogen production stack, a water inlet pipe and a water storage tank 6, a hydrogen outlet pipe and a hydrogen storage tank 7, an oxygen outlet pipe and an oxygen storage tank 8, wherein the SOEC hydrogen production stack is a proton conductive solid oxide electrolytic cell, and the operating temperature is 400° C. to 800° C. The water inlet pipe is first connected to the hydrogen outlet pipe and the oxygen outlet pipe for heat exchange, and then the water inlet pipe is connected to the hot molten salt storage tank 211 for heat exchange, and the high-temperature water vapor obtained by heat exchange is used to obtain hydrogen and oxygen through electrochemical reaction, which are output from the hydrogen outlet pipe and the oxygen outlet pipe and stored in the hydrogen storage tank 7 and the oxygen storage tank 8, respectively.

[0114] (4) SOEC electrolysis unit 4, including SOEC stack, CO2 inlet pipe and CO2 gas tank, exhaust pipe and exhaust storage tank 9, oxygen outlet pipe, the SOEC stack is a proton conduction solid oxide electrolysis cell, the operating temperature is 400 ℃ to 800 ℃. The oxygen outlet pipe is connected to the oxygen storage tank 8 of the SOEC hydrogen production device 3, the CO2 gas tank is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the gas turbine, the inlet pipe is first connected with the exhaust pipe and the oxygen outlet pipe for heat exchange, and then the inlet pipe is connected with the hot molten salt storage tank 211 through the third molten salt heat exchanger for heat exchange, the high temperature CO2 obtained by heat exchange is used to obtain carbon monoxide and oxygen through electrochemical reaction, which are output from the exhaust pipe and the oxygen outlet pipe and stored in the exhaust storage tank 9 and the oxygen storage tank 8 respectively.

[0115] In addition to being used as raw gas for SOFC, the CO in the exhaust gas storage tank 9 of the SOEC electrolysis unit 4 and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 7 of the SOEC hydrogen production device 3 can be used for other synthetic purposes to obtain green high-value products, including but not limited to:

[0116] The exhaust gas storage tank 9 of the SOEC electrolysis unit 4 and the hydrogen storage tank 7 of the SOEC hydrogen production device 3 are both connected to the methane synthesis device; and / or

[0117] The exhaust gas storage tank 9 of the SOEC electrolysis unit 4 and the hydrogen storage tank 7 of the SOEC hydrogen production device 3 are both connected to the methanol synthesis device.

[0118] (5) Power generation unit, including SOFC cell 51, induction coil 52 and gas turbine:

[0119] (5.1) SOFC cell 51, SOFC cell 51 comprises a cylindrical battery box, and a battery pack having a plurality of SOFC cell 51 units accommodated in the cylindrical battery box, an anode gas inlet pipe, a cathode gas inlet pipe, a first current splitter, a second current splitter, an anode current collector, an anode exhaust pipe, a cathode current collector and a cathode exhaust pipe;

[0120] The anode air intake pipe passes hydrogen into the anode of the battery unit through the first splitter, and the cathode air intake pipe passes oxygen into the cathode of the battery unit through the second splitter; the anode exhaust of the battery unit passes into the anode exhaust pipe through the anode current collector, and the cathode exhaust passes into the cathode exhaust pipe through the cathode current collector; inside the columnar battery box, the anode exhaust pipe is connected to the anode air intake pipe for heat exchange, and the cathode exhaust pipe is connected to the cathode air intake pipe for heat exchange.

[0121] Outside the columnar battery box, the anode air intake pipe is connected to the hydrogen storage tank 7, and the cathode air intake pipe is connected to the oxygen storage tank 8. The anode air intake pipe and the cathode air intake pipe are connected to the hot molten salt storage tank 211 for heat exchange to provide high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen.

[0122] A plurality of the battery packs are arranged in the space around the anode air intake pipe, each battery pack is formed into a columnar structure by stacking a plurality of battery cells, and the battery cells include stacked anode side connecting plates, anode functional layers, electrolyte layers, cathode functional layers and cathode side connecting plates.

[0123] The SOFC cell 51 of the present invention adopts a medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with an operating temperature range of 600-750°C. The raw gas provided by the anode air inlet pipeline can come from the CO provided by the exhaust gas storage tank 9 in addition to the hydrogen provided by the hydrogen storage tank 7, which is also an important advantage of the medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell.

[0124] (5.2) The induction coil 52 is arranged around the columnar structure of each battery pack and is connected to the generator 3 of the gas turbine respectively.

[0125] (5.3) The gas turbine includes a combustion chamber 531, a steam turbine 532 and a generator 533. The combustion chamber 531 includes an air inlet 5311, a first air inlet 5312, a second air inlet 5313 and a steam outlet. The air inlet 5311 of the combustion chamber 531 is connected to the external environment and can replenish the combustion air for the combustion chamber 531. The first air inlet 5312 is connected to the anode exhaust pipe of the SOFC cell 51, and the second air inlet 5313 is connected to the cathode exhaust pipe of the SOFC cell 51. The steam outlet is connected to the steam turbine 532. The steam turbine 532 and the generator 533 are connected by a transmission shaft. The generator 533 provides electrical energy to the outside and supplies power to the induction coil 52 at least when the SOFC cell 51 is started, so that the SOFC cell 51 can be quickly heated and started.

[0126] At the same time, the gas turbine will generate a large amount of high-temperature CO2 and water vapor. After the high-temperature CO2 and water vapor are exchanged with the outside and separated by the separator 10, they can be stored and supplied to the SOEC hydrogen production device and the SOEC electrolysis unit respectively. Among them, CO2 is used as the raw material intake gas and is passed into the SOEC electrolysis unit after heat exchange with the hot molten salt to increase the temperature. Through efficient electrochemical reactions, CO2 is converted into carbon monoxide (exhaust storage tank) and oxygen (oxygen storage tank), realizing the resource utilization of CO2 and achieving the effect of energy saving and emission reduction. CO2 can also be converted into valuable chemical raw materials, further improving the energy efficiency of the system.

[0127] Based on the above system, the present invention provides a power generation method, which includes a renewable energy direct power supply mode and a power generation unit supplementary power supply mode to ensure that the entire system can achieve continuous and stable power supply under different working conditions. The specific method is as follows:

[0128] (1) Renewable energy direct power supply mode:

[0129] The solar thermal equipment directly supplies power to the outside and hydrogen production unit: When the solar energy resources are sufficient, the solar thermal equipment converts light energy into electrical energy, provides stable electricity through the photovoltaic cell array, and directly supplies external loads and the SOEC hydrogen production device and SOEC electrolysis unit inside the system to meet the external power demand and the electricity required for the internal hydrogen production and CO production process. At the same time, part of the electricity from the solar thermal equipment is used to heat the molten salt heat storage and exchange device, converting the cold molten salt into high-temperature hot molten salt, and storing it in the hot molten salt storage tank to provide thermal energy guarantee for multiple subsequent heat exchange processes.

[0130] The SOEC hydrogen production stack of the SOEC hydrogen production device uses the electricity provided by the solar electric thermal equipment and the high-temperature water vapor obtained by heat exchange with hot molten salt to carry out electrochemical reactions to generate high-purity hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2), which are stored accordingly. The SOEC stack of the SOEC electrolysis unit uses the electricity provided by the solar electric thermal equipment and the high-temperature CO2 obtained by heat exchange with hot molten salt to carry out electrochemical reactions to generate high-purity hydrogen (CO) and oxygen (O2), which are stored accordingly. The hydrogen produced by the SOEC hydrogen production device and the CO produced by the SOEC electrolysis unit can be used not only as feed gas for the power generation unit, but also as raw materials to synthesize green high-value products, providing more energy storage methods.

[0131] (2) Power generation unit supplementary power supply mode:

[0132] When solar energy resources are insufficient, such as at night or on cloudy days when there is no photovoltaic power, or when the power demand of the system exceeds the power supply capacity of the solar thermal equipment, the system automatically switches to the power generation unit supplementary power supply mode.

[0133] (2.1) SOFC quick start method:

[0134] S1. The high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen obtained by heat exchange with the hot molten salt are used to preheat the battery pack. Since the battery pack has not yet reached the operating temperature, the hydrogen and oxygen after heat exchange enter the combustion chamber of the gas turbine through the anode exhaust pipe and the cathode exhaust pipe respectively to burn and obtain high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam enters the steam turbine from the steam outlet, drives the steam turbine to rotate, and drives the generator to output AC power through the transmission shaft;

[0135] S2. The generator supplies power to the induction coil connected thereto to perform induction heating on the battery pack, and quickly heats the battery pack to an operating temperature of 600° C. to 750° C., preferably within 10 minutes, and more preferably within 8 minutes.

[0136] S3. After the battery pack reaches the operating temperature and works normally, in addition to continuing to introduce high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen to react and generate electricity in the SOFC battery, the CO raw gas produced by the SOEC electrolysis unit can also be introduced; the generator stops supplying power to the coil, and the AC power generated by the generator can be switched to other power-consuming components of the system, and can also be transmitted to the outside, further improving the power supply capacity of the system. Cooling water is introduced into the hollow tube of the induction coil to cool it down and prevent damage to the induction coil. The heat exchange water can be output or circulated in the system.

[0137] The power generation efficiency of traditional thermal power plants is generally 30% to 40%, and the thermal energy utilization rate of large-scale heating power plants can only reach 60% to 70%. Its development direction is mainly to improve boiler performance and thermal efficiency, but thermal power generation uses a large amount of coal and oil, and the environmental pollution is serious, which has also become an increasingly concerned issue. The efficiency of ordinary solar photovoltaic power generation is generally between 15% and 45%, and this efficiency is affected by many factors such as solar radiation, temperature, and the material and structure of photovoltaic cells. At present, the efficiency of water electrolysis in SOEC laboratories can almost be close to 100%. The usual SOFC power generation efficiency can reach more than 60% with low pollutant emissions, low operating costs, and good long-term stability. In particular, the use of medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cells also has the advantage of being compatible with a variety of raw gas.

[0138] The thermal hydrogen power cogeneration efficiency, the highest cogeneration efficiency, and the SOFC battery quick start time were monitored multiple times throughout the day. The average values ​​were taken, as shown in Table 1, including January (average value from 1st to 5th), April (average value from 1st to 5th), July (average value from 1st to 5th), and October (average value from 1st to 5th) in 2024.

[0139] Table 1

[0140] January April July October Average efficiency ＞78％ ＞80％ ＞85％ ＞80％ Highest efficiency 98.0％ 97.5％ 99.2％ 98.4％ Average startup time / min 7.2 6.8 4.8 5.5

[0141] It can be seen that the hydrogen production and power generation system and power generation method provided by the present invention can maintain a stable thermal power and hydrogen cogeneration efficiency of more than 75% in different seasons of the year. It takes the full utilization and storage of solar energy as its technical basis, adopts a SOEC hydrogen production device and a SOEC electrolysis unit for energy conversion and energy storage, and combines SOFC cells and gas turbines to quickly supplement power supply (the SOFC cell quick start time is within 8 minutes), thereby improving the utilization rate of clean energy on the basis of the system being able to provide stable external power supply.

[0142] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the present invention is intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-fired power generation system utilizing efficient coupling of renewable energy, characterized in that: include: Renewable energy supply unit, heat storage and exchange unit, fuel gas supply unit and power generation unit; A heat storage and exchange unit stores heat from renewable energy and exchanges heat with a fuel gas supply unit and / or a power generation unit; A fuel gas supply unit, which uses renewable energy to prepare and store fuel gas; The power generation unit includes a SOFC cell and an induction coil. The SOFC cell receives the fuel gas to react and generate electricity. The induction coil is arranged around the SOFC cell. At least when the SOFC cell is started, power is supplied to the induction coil to quickly heat up and start the SOFC cell.

2. The gas power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Renewable energy supply units include solar thermal equipment, which provides electricity and heat; The heat storage and exchange unit stores the heat from solar energy; The fuel gas supply unit includes a hydrogen production device, which uses solar energy to convert water vapor into hydrogen and oxygen, which are stored in hydrogen storage tanks and oxygen storage tanks respectively; The anode air inlet pipe of the SOFC cell is connected to the hydrogen storage tank, and the cathode air inlet pipe is connected to the oxygen storage tank; The power generation unit also includes a gas turbine, which includes a combustion chamber, a steam turbine and a generator. The combustion chamber is connected to the anode exhaust pipe and the cathode exhaust pipe of the SOFC cell, and the steam outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the steam turbine. The steam turbine and the generator are connected by a transmission shaft; the generator provides electrical energy to the outside and supplies power to the induction coil at least when the SOFC cell is started.

3. The gas power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The SOFC battery comprises a cylindrical battery box, and a battery pack having a plurality of SOFC battery cells, an anode gas inlet pipe, a cathode gas inlet pipe, a first current splitter, a second current splitter, an anode current collector, an anode exhaust pipe, a cathode current collector and a cathode exhaust pipe, which are accommodated in the cylindrical battery box; The anode air intake pipeline passes hydrogen into the anode of the battery unit through the first splitter, and the cathode air intake pipeline passes oxygen into the cathode of the battery unit through the second splitter; The anode exhaust of the battery unit is passed into the anode exhaust pipe through the anode current collector, and the cathode exhaust is passed into the cathode exhaust pipe through the cathode current collector. The anode exhaust pipe is connected to the anode air intake pipe for heat exchange, and the cathode exhaust pipe is connected to the cathode air intake pipe for heat exchange.

4. The gas power generation system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: Solar thermal equipment includes solar energy conversion module, control energy storage module and electric heating module: (1) A solar energy conversion module comprising an array of photovoltaic cells arranged in series; (2) Control energy storage module, including high frequency charging controller, battery energy storage unit and embedded microcontroller, wherein: a high-frequency charge controller for managing electrical energy from the solar conversion modules; A battery energy storage unit for storing the aforementioned managed electrical energy; an embedded microcontroller configured to collect data from the high-frequency charge controller and the battery energy storage unit and to monitor the high-frequency charge controller and the battery energy storage unit; (3) An electric heating module uses the electric energy of the battery energy storage unit to provide heat energy to at least the heat storage and exchange unit.

5. The gas power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat storage and exchange unit includes a molten salt heat storage and exchange device, which includes a first molten salt heat exchanger for the hydrogen production equipment and a second molten salt heat exchanger for the power generation unit; The hot molten salt and the water inlet of the hydrogen production equipment are heat exchanged in the first molten salt heat exchanger to obtain high-temperature water vapor, and the cooled cold molten salt is refluxed for recycling; The hot molten salt is exchanged with the anode air and cathode air of the SOFC battery in the second molten salt heat exchanger to obtain high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen, and the cooled molten salt is refluxed for recycling.

6. The gas power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrogen production equipment includes a SOEC hydrogen production device, which uses the electric energy provided by the solar electric thermal equipment and the high-temperature water vapor obtained by heat exchange with the molten salt heat storage and exchange device to obtain hydrogen and oxygen through electrochemical reactions, which are stored in hydrogen storage tanks and oxygen storage tanks respectively; The hydrogen production and power generation system also includes a SOEC electrolysis unit, which uses the electricity provided by the solar thermal equipment and high-temperature CO2 to produce CO and oxygen through electrochemical reactions, which are stored in exhaust gas storage tanks and oxygen storage tanks respectively; The molten salt heat storage and exchange device includes a third molten salt heat exchanger for the SOEC electrolysis unit, wherein the CO2 inlet gas exchanges heat with the hot molten salt in the third molten salt heat exchanger to obtain the high-temperature CO2, and the cooled cold molten salt is refluxed for recycling; The CO2 intake comes from a CO2 gas storage tank, which is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the gas turbine.

7. The gas power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The SOFC cell is a medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with an operating temperature range of 600-750°C. The exhaust gas storage tank of the SOEC electrolysis unit is connected to the anode air intake pipe of the SOFC cell to supply electricity to the power generation unit; and / or The exhaust gas storage tank of the SOEC electrolysis unit and the hydrogen storage tank of the SOEC hydrogen production device are both connected to the methane synthesis device; and / or The exhaust gas storage tank of the SOEC electrolysis unit and the hydrogen storage tank of the SOEC hydrogen production device are both connected to the methanol synthesis device.

8. A method for generating electricity using the gas power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Including direct power supply mode from renewable energy and supplementary power supply mode from power generation units; (1) Renewable energy direct power supply mode, including: The renewable energy supply unit directly supplies electricity to the outside and the fuel gas supply unit, and at the same time provides thermal energy to the heat storage and exchange unit; A fuel gas supply unit, which uses renewable energy to prepare and store fuel gas; (2) The power generation unit supplementary power supply mode includes: The SOFC cell receives the fuel gas to react and generate electricity; Among them, the control unit of the gas power generation system determines the combined use or switching of the power generation unit supplementary power supply mode according to the power supply situation of the direct power supply mode of renewable energy, and at least when the SOFC battery is started, supplies power to the induction coil arranged around the SOFC battery to make the SOFC battery quickly heat up and start.

9. The power generation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fuel gas supply unit includes a hydrogen production device. The renewable energy direct power supply mode is provided by a solar thermal device that directly supplies power to the outside and the hydrogen production unit, while providing heat energy to the heat storage and exchange unit. The hydrogen production unit converts water vapor into hydrogen and oxygen, which are stored in hydrogen and oxygen storage tanks respectively; In the supplementary power supply mode of the power generation unit, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is introduced into the SOFC cell through the anode air intake pipe, and the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank is introduced into the SOFC cell through the cathode air intake pipe. The high-temperature hydrogen and oxygen react chemically in the SOFC cell to output electrical energy. The power generation unit also includes a gas turbine, which includes a combustion chamber, a steam turbine and a generator. The anode exhaust and cathode exhaust of the SOFC cell enter the combustion chamber and are burned to obtain high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam enters the steam turbine from the steam outlet, drives the steam turbine to rotate, and drives the generator to output alternating current through the transmission shaft. At least when the SOFC cell is started, the gas turbine supplies power to the induction coil, so that the SOFC cell heats up quickly and starts.

10. The power generation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The SOFC battery rapid temperature rise start-up includes the following steps: S1, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank and oxygen in the oxygen storage tank are preheated with the heat storage and heat exchange unit to preheat the SOFC battery pack, and then enter the combustion chamber through the anode exhaust pipe and the cathode exhaust pipe to burn and obtain high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam enters the steam turbine from the steam outlet, drives the steam turbine to rotate, and drives the generator to output AC power through the transmission shaft; S2. The generator supplies power to the induction coil surrounding the SOFC cells, rapidly heating the battery pack to 600°C to 750°C.

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