A Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of experimental equipment, and more specifically, to a Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature testing apparatus, comprising: a temperature regulating device connected to a test space and capable of raising or lowering the temperature of the test space to achieve a set test temperature; the testing apparatus comprising a coaxially arranged fixing assembly and an incident rod, the fixing assembly being provided with a sample fixing groove disposed within the test space, a first sample to be tested being fixed within the sample fixing groove, a first end of the incident rod being provided with a sample fixing portion, a second sample to be tested being fixed to the sample fixing portion, a fault mud layer being provided between the first and second samples, the first end of the incident rod being capable of driving the second sample to be tested into the sample fixing groove and rotating the first sample while applying pressure toward the fixing assembly. This solves the problem of requiring transfer after high and low temperature treatment in friction experiments, which affects the experimental results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of experimental equipment, in particular to a Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature testing device. Background Art

[0002] In friction experiments, studying the dynamic friction and sliding properties of rock faults at high temperatures or ice avalanches at low temperatures requires subjecting the specimens to either high or low temperatures. Currently, many researchers have developed a variety of high and low temperature test chambers, primarily consisting of chamber bodies, doors, heating and cooling control systems, and electrical control systems. These can independently operate in both high and low temperature environments, and can even achieve intelligent continuous temperature control.

[0003] In existing technology, specimens undergo high- or low-temperature treatment and friction testing in two separate devices. For the high- and low-temperature tests, the specimens are pre-placed in a test chamber, heated or cooled to a preset temperature, and then placed in a mechanical testing device for testing. During these tests, specimens undergo high- and low-temperature treatment in the chamber before loading testing. The temperature of the treated specimens inevitably changes during transfer, affecting the final test results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the high and low temperature treatment of the experiment needs to be transferred and affects the experimental results in the friction experiment, the present invention provides a Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature testing equipment, including: an insulation box, a temperature regulating device and a testing device; a test space that can be closed is provided in the insulation box, the temperature regulating device is connected to the test space and can increase or decrease the temperature of the test space to achieve the set test temperature; the testing device includes a coaxially arranged fixing component and an incident rod, the testing device is arranged to extend in the horizontal direction, the fixing component is provided with a sample fixing groove, the sample fixing groove is arranged in the testing space, a first sample to be tested can be fixed in the sample fixing groove, a first end of the incident rod is provided with a sample fixing portion, a second sample to be tested can be fixed to the sample fixing portion, a broken mud layer is also provided between the first sample to be tested and the second sample to be tested, the first end of the incident rod can drive the second sample to be tested to extend into the sample fixing groove, and apply pressure toward the fixing component to the first sample to be tested while rotating.

[0005] In some embodiments, the temperature control device includes a cooling component, which includes an air inlet channel, an exhaust channel, a circulating fan and a refrigerator. The air outlet end of the air inlet channel is arranged at the bottom of the test space, and the air inlet end of the exhaust channel is arranged at the top of the test space. The circulating fan is arranged in the air inlet channel and can introduce external air into the air inlet channel. The refrigerator is used to cool the gas flowing into the air inlet channel.

[0006] In some embodiments, a filter and a wind direction regulator are sequentially provided at the air outlet end of the air inlet channel along the gas flow direction. The wind direction regulator includes a swingable adjustment baffle to adjust the flow direction of the gas entering the test space through the adjustment baffle.

[0007] In some embodiments, the temperature control device further includes a heating component, the heating component includes a plurality of heating resistors, and the plurality of heating resistors are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the test space.

[0008] In some embodiments, the Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment also includes a base, and the insulation box includes a main body and a reaction seat assembly; the main body can be fixed on the base, the test space is set in the main body, and an opening connected to the test space is also provided on one side of the main body, and the reaction seat assembly can be fixed at the opening and close the test space; the reaction seat assembly has a relatively high weight, and the fixing assembly is arranged on the side of the reaction seat assembly facing the test space.

[0009] In some embodiments, a slide rail is provided on the base, and the reaction seat assembly includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, the reaction seat assembly is fixed at the opening. In the second state, the reaction seat assembly is away from the main body and drives the fixed assembly to leave the test space through the opening. The reaction seat assembly can slide along the extension direction of the slide rail so that the reaction seat assembly can be converted between the first state and the second state.

[0010] In some embodiments, the reaction seat assembly includes a reaction seat and a fixed seat, the fixed seat is cylindrical, the first end of the fixed seat is set at the center of the side of the reaction seat facing the main body, and the second end of the fixed seat is connected to the fixed assembly; the shape of the opening matches the fixed seat, and the fixed seat can be sealed to the opening.

[0011] In some embodiments, the fixing assembly includes a fixing rod, a fixing sleeve and a center block assembly. The first end of the fixing rod is connected to the reaction seat assembly. A sample bonding surface is provided at the end of the fixing rod facing away from the reaction seat assembly. The fixing sleeve is arranged around the sample bonding surface. The center block assembly is fixedly arranged at the center position of the sample bonding surface. There is a gap between the center block assembly and the inner side wall of the fixing sleeve to form a sample fixing groove. A circumferential strain gauge is provided at the position where the inner circumference of the fixing sleeve contacts the first sample to be tested and the second sample to be tested.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fixed sleeve is provided with a connection port corresponding to the broken mud layer, the connection port passes through the side wall of the fixed sleeve, and the connection port is used to connect to the water inlet system, and the water inlet system can introduce pressurized liquid into the broken mud layer through the connection port.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fixed component also includes a temperature sensor, which includes a sensor body and a connecting line connected to the sensor body, and the sensor body is arranged at the intersection of the broken mud layer and the central block assembly; the fixed component also includes a temperature measuring channel, which passes through the fixed rod and the central block assembly in sequence, so that the connecting line can extend to the outside of the insulation box through the temperature measuring channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, a door is provided on the side of the body, which can be opened to connect the test space with the outside of the body; the body is also provided with an observation window for observing the test space; the test space is also provided with an illumination light source and a high-speed camera, which can record the experimental process.

[0015] In some embodiments, the Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature testing equipment further includes a control device, which is electrically connected to the temperature regulating device, the water inlet system, and the temperature sensor.

[0016] In order to solve the problem that the high and low temperature treatment in the friction experiment needs to be transferred and affects the experimental results, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] In the above technical solution, a closed insulation box is used to form a stable test space isolated from the outside world, and a temperature control device is used to adjust the temperature of the test space, thereby achieving temperature adjustment of the sample set therein to make it reach the set test temperature; the test device set therein can perform a friction test after the sample reaches the set test temperature. Since the entire test process is carried out in the test space, the need to transfer the sample after it reaches the set temperature can be avoided. Therefore, the impact on the experiment can be minimized. The installation process of the test sample used in the experiment is relatively cumbersome, and this situation is exacerbated when it reaches the set temperature. It is difficult for the experimenter to quickly install it on the test device. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment in the above technical solution avoids the step of installing the sample during the test process, effectively reduces the operating difficulty of the experimenter, and improves the experimental efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the external structure of a Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test device according to an embodiment is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test apparatus according to an embodiment is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 Shown Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the external structure of a heat preservation box according to an embodiment is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a reaction seat assembly according to an embodiment is shown.

[0023] Figure markings: 10-insulation box; 11-test space; 12-main body; 121-box door; 122-observation window; 13-reaction seat assembly; 131-reaction seat; 132-fixed seat; 14-plug; 21-cooling assembly; 211-air inlet channel; 2111-wind direction regulator; 212-exhaust channel; 22-heating assembly; 30-test device; 31-fixed assembly; 312-fixed rod; 3121-avoidance port; 313-fixed sleeve; 3131-connecting port; 314-center block assembly; 316-temperature measurement channel; 32-incident rod; 321-sample fixing part; 41-first sample to be tested; 42-second sample to be tested; 43-broken mud layer; 50-base; 51-slide rail; 60-control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present disclosure, rather than to imply any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.

[0025] As used herein, the term "including" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including, but not limited to." The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "based, at least in part, on." The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment." The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment." Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," "transverse," and "longitudinal" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily intended to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the devices, elements, or components indicated to having a specific orientation, or to being constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationships. For example, the term "on" may, in certain circumstances, be used to indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "disposed," "provided with," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated devices, elements or components. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0026] This embodiment discloses a Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, it can include an insulation box 10, a temperature regulating device and a test device 30; a test space 11 that can be closed is provided in the insulation box 10, the temperature regulating device is connected to the test space 11 and can increase or decrease the temperature of the test space 11 to achieve the set test temperature; the test device 30 includes a coaxially arranged fixing component 31 and an incident rod 32, the test device 30 is arranged to extend in the horizontal direction, the fixing component 31 is provided with a sample fixing groove, the sample fixing groove is arranged in the test space 11, the first sample to be tested 41 can be fixed in the sample fixing groove, the first end of the incident rod 32 is provided with a sample fixing portion 321, the second sample to be tested 42 can be fixed to the sample fixing portion 321, and a broken mud layer 43 is also provided between the first sample to be tested 41 and the second sample to be tested 42, the first end of the incident rod 32 can drive the second sample to be tested 42 to extend into the sample fixing groove, and apply pressure toward the fixing component 31 to the first sample to be tested 41 while rotating.

[0027] It should be noted that the Hopkinson torsion bar is a device that can perform dynamic experimental tests. The basic principle is to place the sample between two long rods, borrow the characteristics of elastic one-dimensional stress waves, apply a dynamic load (incident wave) to the sample through the incident rod 32, and then detect its dynamic response results in the transmission rod. This device has significant advantages in studying high strain rate related issues of materials. This testing method has been widely used in the field of tribology, especially high-speed friction experiments based on the Hopkinson torsion bar. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment in the above technical solution of this application is mainly used for high-speed friction experiments. The incident rod 32 is a homogeneous solid rod-shaped structure with the same cross-sectional shape at all positions. The incident rod 32 can be driven by the loading system to drive the second test sample 42 set on it to rotate relative to the first test sample 41 and apply pressure to the test sample.

[0028] In the above technical solution, a closed insulation box 10 is used to form a stable test space 11 isolated from the outside world, and a temperature control device is used to adjust the temperature of the test space 11, thereby achieving temperature adjustment of the sample set therein to make it reach the set test temperature; the test device 30 provided therein can perform a friction test after the sample reaches the set test temperature. Since the entire test process is carried out in the test space 11, the need to transfer the sample after it reaches the set temperature can be avoided. Therefore, the impact on the experiment can be minimized. The installation process of the test sample used in the experiment is relatively cumbersome, and this situation is exacerbated when it reaches the set temperature. It is difficult for the experimenter to quickly install it on the test device 30. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment in the above technical solution avoids the step of installing the sample during the test process, effectively reduces the operating difficulty of the experimenter, and improves the experimental efficiency.

[0029] As a specific embodiment, the first sample to be tested 41 and the second sample to be tested 42 are bonded to the fixing assembly 31 and the incident rod 32 by an adhesive. The adhesive is preferably epoxy resin. During the implementation process, the epoxy resin bonding thickness is required to be consistent to avoid unevenness of the friction surface. The shear strength of the epoxy resin must meet the friction test requirements to avoid friction failure caused by insufficient shear strength. In particular, for the second sample to be tested 42, if friction failure occurs, it will cause inconsistent rotation between it and the incident rod 32. Specifically, the minimum shear strength τ required for the epoxy resin is s To meet:

[0030]

[0031] Wherein, r1 and r2 are the inner and outer radii of the annular sample, respectively, l is the thickness of the annular sample, μ is the friction coefficient of polytetrafluoroethylene, τ is the shear stress on the sliding surface, and the shear stress on the sliding surface is assumed to be approximately uniformly distributed, and p is the side pressure exerted on the second sample 42 to be tested during the experiment.

[0032] A sliding bearing may also be provided in the hole through which the incident rod 32 passes through the side wall of the heat-insulating box 10. Specifically, the sliding bearing may be a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) block sliding bearing. PTFE has excellent physical and chemical properties, can maintain stable performance in various harsh environments, has a wide operating temperature range, and has an extremely low friction coefficient, which helps to reduce friction and wear of the incident rod 32 during operation and increase the service life of the incident rod 32. PTFE has good self-lubricating properties and does not require additional lubricants, which can effectively reduce maintenance costs. When the Hopkinson torsion bar test is not being conducted, the through hole for the incident rod 32 to extend can also be plugged with a dedicated plug 14. Specifically, the plug 14 may be a truncated cone-shaped structure, with the main body made of melamine fireproof sponge, in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the side facing the test space 11 is larger, so that the through hole can be plugged more firmly.

[0033] The lowest temperature of the low temperature experiment is not less than -10℃. Generally speaking, the low temperature experiment temperature is around 0℃. In order to cool the test space 11 and the first test sample 41 and the second test sample 42 therein and meet the temperature requirements of the low temperature experiment, Figure 2 As shown, the temperature control device includes a cooling component 21, and the cooling component 21 includes an air inlet channel 211, an exhaust channel 212, a circulating fan and a refrigerator. The air outlet end of the air inlet channel 211 is arranged at the bottom of the test space 11, and the air inlet end of the exhaust channel 212 is arranged at the top of the test space 11. The circulating fan is arranged in the air inlet channel 211 and can introduce external air into the air inlet channel 211. The refrigerator is used to cool the gas flowing into the air inlet channel 211.

[0034] In this embodiment, the gas flowing into the test space 11 is cooled by air cooling. When this low-temperature gas flows through the test device 30, heat exchange occurs, and the heat in the test device 30 is carried away by the airflow. Because cold air has a higher density than hot air, the air inlet is located at the bottom of the test space 11, and the air outlet for discharging high-temperature gas is located at the upper side of the test space 11. This allows the cooler air to flow from bottom to top, thereby completely replacing the gas in the test space 11 with the incoming lower-temperature gas, thereby improving the efficiency of temperature reduction. The circulating fan is used to actively draw external air into the air inlet channel 211, while the refrigerator can exchange heat with the air flowing into the air inlet channel 211 and reduce its temperature so that the test space 11 can reach the predetermined temperature requirement. The refrigerator can be integrated into the thermal insulation box 10. To ensure heat dissipation of the refrigerator, a heat dissipation grille or other structure can be provided at the corresponding position.

[0035] As an embodiment, in order to keep the gas entering the test space 11 clean, Figure 2 As shown, the air outlet end of the air inlet channel 211 is provided with a filter and a wind direction regulator 2111 in sequence along the gas flow direction. The wind direction regulator 2111 includes a swingable adjustment baffle to adjust the flow direction of the gas entering the test space 11 through the adjustment baffle.

[0036] The mesh size of the filter can be appropriately selected according to the laboratory environment. Furthermore, multiple filters can be set to intercept different pollutants. In addition, the setting of the adjustment baffle of the wind direction regulator 2111 can change the flow direction of the gas. More specifically, the wind direction regulator 2111 may include a driver that can drive the adjustment baffle to swing, so that the adjustment baffle can swing automatically, thereby allowing the airflow flowing through to blow over a larger range when it flows into the test space 11. On the one hand, the airflow flowing through can fully surround the test device 30, so that the entire test device is cooled evenly. On the other hand, it avoids the formation of temperature dead corners to improve the cooling efficiency. At the same time, the air inlet channel 211 can be provided with multiple channels, or a main channel can be divided into multiple sub-channels during the extension process. These sub-channels can be set around the test device 30 to improve the uniformity of the cooling process.

[0037] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the temperature control device further includes a heating component 22 , and the heating component 22 includes a plurality of heating resistors, which are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the test space 11 .

[0038] Through multiple evenly distributed heating resistors, the entire test space 11 can be uniformly heated, thereby fully heating the test device 30 therein and meeting the temperature requirements of the high-temperature experiment. It should be noted that to prevent heat loss, the air inlet channel 211 and the exhaust channel 212 of the cooling component 21 need to be closed when the heating component 22 is operating.

[0039] At the same time, to prevent the test space 11 from exchanging heat with the outside world through the insulation box 10, which would result in low temperature control efficiency, it is understandable that the side walls of the insulation box 10 are provided with insulation material. As a preferred embodiment, the insulation material can be melamine fireproof sponge, which is a highly flexible foam plastic that is resistant to high and low temperatures.

[0040] Since the incident rod 32 is driven by the loading system during the test, the fixing assembly 31 will be subjected to a large force exerted by the incident rod 32, which may cause the experimental equipment to move. To avoid this situation, Figure 1 、 Figure 5 As shown, the Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment also includes a base 50, and the insulation box 10 includes a main body 12 and a reaction seat assembly 13; the main body 12 can be fixed on the base 50, and the test space 11 is arranged in the main body 12. An opening connected to the test space 11 is also provided on one side of the main body 12, and the reaction seat assembly 13 can be fixed at the opening and close the test space 11; the reaction seat assembly 13 has a relatively high weight, and the fixing assembly 31 is arranged on the side of the reaction seat assembly 13 facing the test space 11.

[0041] First, securing the body 12 to the base 50 can offset the force exerted by the incident rod 32 to a certain extent. Simultaneously, the relatively heavy reaction seat assembly 13 further offsets the force generated by the movement of the incident rod 32. Furthermore, a relatively heavy rigid wall (i.e., the aforementioned reaction seat assembly 13) can reduce the mass and volume of the fixed assembly 31. This is because, after friction occurs, the signal primarily propagates along the direction of the incident rod 32. The provision of a rigid wall does not affect the analysis of the dynamic friction response, thereby achieving better experimental results.

[0042] Since the reaction seat assembly 13 has a large weight, in order to be able to open the reaction seat assembly 13 and install the first to-be-tested sample 41 on the fixing assembly 31 provided thereon, and to perform maintenance and debugging on the fixing assembly 31 and other equipment, such as Figure 1As shown, a slide rail 51 is provided on the base 50, and the reaction seat assembly 13 includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, the reaction seat assembly 13 is fixed at the opening. In the second state, the reaction seat assembly 13 is away from the body 12 and drives the fixing assembly 31 to leave the test space 11 through the opening. The reaction seat assembly 13 can slide along the extension direction of the slide rail 51 so that the reaction seat assembly 13 can be converted between the first state and the second state.

[0043] The arrangement of the slide rail 51 makes it easier to move the reaction seat assembly 13. Specifically, the slide rail 51 can be arranged to extend in a straight line, simply moving the reaction seat assembly 13 away from the body 12. However, the slide rail 51 can also be arranged in a curved shape, so that the reaction seat assembly 13 moves toward the side of the body 12 and opens similar to the way a door opens. This movement method can reduce the movement distance of the reaction seat assembly 13 and reduce the footprint of the experimental equipment.

[0044] As a specific implementation method, Figure 5 As shown, the reaction seat assembly 13 includes a reaction seat 131 and a fixed seat 132. The fixed seat 132 is cylindrical. The first end of the fixed seat 132 is arranged at the center of the side of the reaction seat 131 facing the body 12, and the second end of the fixed seat 132 is connected to the fixing assembly 31; the shape of the opening matches the fixed seat 132, and the fixed seat 132 can be sealed in the opening.

[0045] By setting the fixing seat 132 at the center of the reaction seat 131, the fixing seat 132 is designed to be cylindrical and fixed on the baffle. The diameter can be 5-7 times that of the fixing rod 312 included in the fixing assembly 31. The wave impedance of the incident rod 32 and the fixing seat 132 differs by more than 20 times. After the friction event occurs, it will theoretically propagate in two directions respectively. However, due to the constraint effect of the wave impedance, it can be approximately considered that all the friction behavior information is transmitted to the incident rod 32.

[0046] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the fixing assembly 31 includes a fixing rod 312, a fixing sleeve 313 and a center block assembly 314. The first end of the fixing rod 312 is connected to the reaction seat assembly 13, and the end of the fixing rod 312 facing away from the reaction seat assembly 13 is provided with a sample bonding surface. The fixing sleeve 313 is arranged around the sample bonding surface. The center block assembly 314 is fixedly arranged at the center position of the sample bonding surface. There is a gap between the center block assembly 314 and the inner side wall of the fixing sleeve 313, and a sample fixing groove is formed. The outer peripheral surface of the fixing sleeve 313 is provided with a circumferential strain gauge at the position in contact with the first sample to be tested 41 and the second sample to be tested 42.

[0047] The fixing rod 312 is used to connect to the reaction seat assembly 13, thereby fixing it to the reaction seat 131. The sample bonding surface can be used to bond the test sample. Since the first test sample 41 and the second test sample 42 are both annular, a center block assembly 314 can be set at their center. Specifically, the center block assembly 314 can include multiple cylindrical center blocks made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The multiple center blocks are arranged in sequence and fixed to the sample bonding surface. The fixing method can be appropriate methods such as bolts and pins. The annular strain gauge is used to measure the annular tensile strain ε of the fixing sleeve 313 during the friction test. During the experiment, the test sample is subjected to pressure from the loading system. When subjected to pressure transmitted from the incident rod 32, the sample will expand in the radial direction and squeeze the inner circumferential wall of the fixing sleeve 313. To resist this squeezing effect, the inner circumferential wall will exert a confining pressure on the test sample under the action of elastic deformation. According to the relevant theory of thick-walled sleeves, the compressive stress p on the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 313 can be calculated as follows:

[0048]

[0049] Where R1 is the radius of the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 313, R2 is the radius of the outer wall of the fixed sleeve 313, E is the elastic modulus of the fixed sleeve 313, and ε is the Poisson's ratio of the fixed sleeve 313 (only common positive Poisson's ratio materials are considered). Throughout this process, the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 313 can be assumed to be tightly sealed with the annular sample to be tested, and the confining compressive stress on the annular sample is assumed to be equal to the compressive stress p on the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0050] Under some experimental conditions, it is necessary to be able to pass pressure liquid into the fault mud layer 43. The liquid is usually water, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the experimental equipment may also include: a fixed sleeve 313 is provided with a connection port 3131 corresponding to the broken mud layer 43, the connection port 3131 passes through the side wall of the fixed sleeve 313, and the connection port 3131 is used to connect the water inlet system, and the water inlet system can introduce pressurized liquid into the broken mud layer 43 through the connection port 3131.

[0051] Specifically, the water inlet system includes a water pressure device, a water inlet pipe, and a water outlet pipe. Both the water inlet and the water outlet pipe extend into the test space 11 through the groove provided on the fixing rod 312 and connect to the connection port 3131. The groove provided on the fixing rod 312 is located where the fixing rod 312 passes through the side wall of the insulation box. The connection port 3131 can be divided into a water inlet and a water outlet. The water pressure device can adjust and control the amount and pressure of the pressurized liquid input into the water inlet and outlet pipes, thereby achieving controllable regulation of pore water pressure and quantitative simulation of osmotic pressure in deep environments. At the same time, the water outlet pipe is used for drainage, so that the pressurized liquid can be discharged after the experiment.

[0052] To accurately monitor the experimental process, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the fixed component 31 also includes a temperature sensor, which includes a sensor body 12 and a connecting line connected to the sensor body 12. The sensor body 12 is arranged at the intersection of the broken mud layer 43 and the central block component 314; the fixed component 31 also includes a temperature measuring channel 316, which passes through the fixed rod 312 and the central block component 314 in sequence, so that the connecting line can extend to the outside of the insulation box 10 through the temperature measuring channel 316.

[0053] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor needs to be fixedly installed on the inner peripheral surface of the annular sample to be tested. Specifically, it can be set corresponding to the broken mud layer 43 to detect the temperature of the friction interface during the experiment. The setting of the temperature measuring channel 316, on the one hand, facilitates the extension of the wire of the temperature sensor from the experimental device, and on the other hand, it can also play a role in protecting the wire. In addition, the temperature sensor can be fixed between two adjacent central blocks. When these central blocks are disassembled, the temperature sensor can be easily disassembled and maintained. At the same time, the fixing rod 312 can also be provided with a clearance port 3121 for the inlet and outlet pipes of the water supply system to extend into.

[0054] As a specific implementation method, Figure 1 、 Figure 4 As shown, the main body 12 is provided with a door 121 on the side. Door 121 can be opened to connect the test space 11 with the outside of the main body 12. The main body 12 is also provided with an observation window 122 for observing the test space 11. The test space 11 is also equipped with an illumination light source and a high-speed camera, which can record the experimental process. The observation window 122 can be made of double-layer transparent glass and is used for real-time observation of the test process within the chamber. The illumination light source provides an appropriate lighting environment for observation and the operation of the high-speed camera, facilitating observation.

[0055] At the same time, if Figure 1 As shown, the Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test apparatus also includes a control device 60, which is electrically connected to the temperature control device, the water inlet system, and the temperature sensor. The control device 60 can be integrated with the insulation box 10 to facilitate operator control and operation. The control device 60 can be a computer, industrial computer, or other device with computing and data storage capabilities.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present disclosure, and that in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment, characterized in that: The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment includes: Insulation box, temperature control device and test device; A closable test space is provided in the heat preservation box, and the temperature regulating device is connected to the test space and can increase or decrease the temperature of the test space to reach a set test temperature; The test device includes a coaxially arranged fixing assembly and an incident rod. The test device is arranged to extend in a horizontal direction. The fixing assembly is provided with a sample fixing groove, and the sample fixing groove is arranged in the test space. A first sample to be tested can be fixed in the sample fixing groove. A first end of the incident rod is provided with a sample fixing portion, and a second sample to be tested can be fixed in the sample fixing portion. A fault mud layer is further provided between the first sample to be tested and the second sample to be tested. The first end of the incident rod can drive the second sample to be tested to extend into the sample fixing groove and apply pressure toward the fixing assembly to the first sample to be tested while rotating; The fixing assembly includes a fixing rod, a fixing sleeve and a center block assembly. The first end of the fixing rod is connected to the reaction force seat assembly. The end of the fixing rod facing away from the reaction force seat assembly is provided with a sample bonding surface. The fixing sleeve is arranged around the sample bonding surface. The center block assembly is fixedly arranged at the center position of the sample bonding surface. There is a gap between the center block assembly and the inner side wall of the fixing sleeve to form the sample fixing groove. The inner circumferential surface of the fixing sleeve is provided with a circumferential strain gauge at a position where it contacts the first sample to be tested and the second sample to be tested.

2. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control device includes a cooling component, which includes an air inlet channel, an exhaust channel, a circulating fan and a refrigerator. The air outlet end of the air inlet channel is arranged at the bottom of the test space, and the air inlet end of the exhaust channel is arranged at the top of the test space. The circulating fan is arranged in the air inlet channel and can introduce external air into the air inlet channel. The refrigerator is used to cool the gas flowing into the air inlet channel.

3. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air outlet end of the air inlet channel is provided with a filter screen and a wind direction regulator in sequence along the gas flow direction. The wind direction regulator includes a swingable adjustment baffle to adjust the flow direction of the gas entering the test space through the adjustment baffle.

4. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature regulating device further includes a heating component, and the heating component includes a plurality of heating resistors, and the plurality of heating resistors are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the test space.

5. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment further includes a base, and the heat preservation box includes a main body and the reaction seat assembly; The body can be fixed on the base, the test space is set in the body, and an opening connected to the test space is further provided on one side of the body, and the reaction seat assembly can be fixed at the opening and close the test space; The reaction seat assembly has a relatively high weight, and the fixing assembly is arranged on a side of the reaction seat assembly facing the test space.

6. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A slide rail is provided on the base, and the reaction seat assembly includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, the reaction seat assembly is fixed at the opening. In the second state, the reaction seat assembly is away from the body and drives the fixed assembly to leave the test space through the opening. The reaction seat assembly can slide along the extension direction of the slide rail so that the reaction seat assembly can be converted between the first state and the second state.

7. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reaction seat assembly includes a reaction seat and a fixed seat, the fixed seat is cylindrical, the first end of the fixed seat is arranged at the center of the side of the reaction seat facing the body, and the second end of the fixed seat is connected to the fixed assembly; The shape of the opening matches the fixing seat, and the fixing seat can be sealed to the opening.

8. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed sleeve is provided with a connection port corresponding to the broken mud layer, the connection port passes through the side wall of the fixed sleeve, and the connection port is used to connect to a water inlet system, and the water inlet system can introduce pressurized liquid into the broken mud layer through the connection port.

9. The Hopkinson torsion bar high and low temperature test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly further includes a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor including a sensor body and a connecting line connected to the sensor body, and the sensor body is arranged at the intersection of the fault mud layer and the central block assembly; The fixing assembly further includes a temperature measuring channel, which passes through the fixing rod and the central block assembly in sequence, so that the connecting line can extend to the outside of the thermal insulation box through the temperature measuring channel.

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