Multifunctional explosion test device and test method based on gravity ballistic pendulum method

Abstract

The invention relates to an explosion testing device and method based on a gravity ballistic pendulum method. The structure of the device mainly comprises an integral frame, a pendulum bob, an energy storage spring, a counterweight, an explosion box body and a displacement sensor, the integral frame comprises a top plate, top plate supporting columns, a middle bearing platform, bottom plate supporting columns and a bottom plate. The pendulum bob comprises a hammer head, four supporting rods and a top disc, the hammer head is connected with the top disc through the supporting rods, a gasket needs to be used when the pendulum bob is installed, and the gasket is installed between the top disc and the middle bearing platform of the integral installation frame. The energy storage spring is mounted at the boundary of the circular boss on the lower end surface of the top plate; the counter weight is mounted on a top disc of the pendulum bob; the explosion box is mounted in the center of the bottom plate; a basic applied displacement sensor is installed in a box body on the lower end face of the top plate. According to the invention, an innovative gravity pendulum explosion test method is matched with damping energy measurement, so that the actual explosion working condition is simulated in an open environment, corresponding data measurement is completed, and the influence of explosion impact on the service safety performance of materials and structures is evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of explosion measurement, and in particular relates to a multifunctional explosion testing device and a testing method based on a gravity ballistic pendulum method. Background Art

[0002] In the real battlefield, explosive loads are often accompanied by significant structural damage and personal injury. According to the propagation medium of the blast wave, the blast load can be summarized into several forms: air explosion, underwater explosion and rock explosion. Among them, in rock explosion, according to the placement of explosives such as mines or dynamite and the morphology of the blast crater, it can be further divided into: surface explosion, shallow buried explosion, deep buried explosion and underground explosion. At present, the biggest threat to wartime equipment and personnel is the detonation loading of shallow buried explosives. Shallow buried explosions will cause a series of complex loading phenomena on the protective structure. For example, when the explosion occurs in the soil, because the soil is a mixture of solids, liquids and gases, the related impact load transfer process is more complicated than the explosion in the air.

[0003] At present, the explosion test of shallow buried explosives mainly relies on experimental means. The shallow buried mine substitute explosion loading method is currently a more common shallow buried explosive power test method. Shallow buried mine substitute explosion is to place explosives of a specified burial depth at the corresponding position below the target plate, and then cover the explosives with simulated media such as sand and gravel, and complete the loading process through the shock wave generated by the explosives and high-speed sand and soil ejection. The experimental measurement method can directly obtain the physical quantities such as pressure, stress and displacement generated during the explosion, providing intuitive evidence for the study of explosion effects. However, the acquisition and analysis of experimental data puts forward high requirements on the design of the test device. Traditional explosion test devices often have problems such as insufficient data acquisition accuracy, slow response speed, and limited measurement range.

[0004] Using a ballistic pendulum for explosion testing is an effective method to evaluate the effect of an explosion by measuring the momentum and energy generated by the explosion. This method suspends a pendulum of known mass, drives the pendulum to swing through the impact of the explosion, and measures the displacement of the pendulum to calculate the energy and momentum of the explosion. The working capacity of a certain mass of industrial explosives is evaluated by testing the swing angle of the mortar body and converting it into total mechanical energy. The testing principle is similar to the way industrial explosives act on the blasting medium when they are actually used, which is more in line with the actual blasting.

[0005] At present, the ballistic pendulum still has some defects and shortcomings as an explosion test method. First, it is difficult to capture instantaneous physical quantities, such as velocity and acceleration at the moment of explosion, which limits the accuracy of time domain analysis. Secondly, the dynamic measurement range of the ballistic pendulum is limited, and it is difficult to cope with extremely high-energy explosions, which may lead to inaccurate data. Data acquisition and processing are complex and prone to errors. At the same time, the equipment is sensitive to the environment, and the measurement direction and mode are poorly applicable to shallow buried explosions, underground explosions and other working conditions. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the problems of insufficient data acquisition accuracy and slow response speed in traditional explosion test devices, and the fact that known ballistic pendulum explosion test devices are not suitable for shallow-buried explosion and other test conditions, the present invention proposes a multifunctional explosion test device and test method based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method. This device can be used to independently carry out the test and evaluation of the impact of shallow-buried explosion impact on the service safety performance of materials and structures in a variety of open environments.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A multifunctional explosion test device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method, comprising a complete frame, a gravity pendulum, an energy storage spring, a counterweight and an explosion box; The assembled frame includes a top plate, an intermediate receiving platform and a bottom plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The top plate and the intermediate receiving platform are connected together by a number of top plate pillars, and the intermediate receiving platform and the bottom plate are connected together by a number of bottom plate pillars. The gravity pendulum is arranged on the middle receiving platform, the bottom of which passes through the middle receiving platform and can move up and down along the middle receiving platform, the counterweight is arranged above the gravity pendulum, the top of the energy storage spring is connected to the center of the bottom of the top plate, and a displacement sensor is also arranged at the center of the bottom of the top plate; The explosion box is arranged on the bottom plate, and the explosion box is used to be filled with impact protection materials and explosives. An impact medium is arranged above the explosives to perform explosion and explosion testing.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the gravity pendulum includes a hammer head, a support rod and a top plate, the hammer head and the top plate are connected together by four support rods, the top plate is arranged on an intermediate receiving platform, the support rod passes through the intermediate receiving platform, and can move up and down along the intermediate receiving platform.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the hammer head is a square plate, the support rods are four cylindrical rods, and the top plate is a circular plate.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that a gasket is provided between the top plate and the middle receiving platform.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that a target plate is arranged at the bottom of the hammer head.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the counterweight is a cylindrical block.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that a circular boss is provided at the bottom of the top plate for connecting the energy storage spring, and a box is provided in the middle of the circular boss for installing the displacement sensor.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that eight exhaust holes are provided on the side of the explosion box to help release pressure and simulate actual working conditions during the measurement of the explosion impact.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the impact protection material is filled in the explosion box, the lowest position of the upper surface of the impact protection material is higher than half of the box height of the explosion box and lower than the exhaust hole, and the installation of the explosive ensures that the end faces of the explosive except the upper end face are wrapped by the protection material.

[0016] A multifunctional explosion test method based on a gravity ballistic pendulum method, the method is based on the multifunctional explosion test device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method, comprising: After the explosive box and the explosive are prepared, the explosive in the explosive box is detonated, generating an impact, which first acts on the impact medium, and then mainly acts on the gravity pendulum by the impact medium. The gravity pendulum obtains an upward impulse and initial velocity along the direction of gravity, and the gravity pendulum and the counterweight move upward together. The maximum vertical displacement of the upper end surface of the counterweight is directly measured by the displacement sensor.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: The practical application of the device of the present invention can be applied to various impact conditions and the study of the impact on various target materials. The impact occurs in the explosion box and acts on the bottom plate of the pendulum through the open outlet at the upper end of the box. After the pendulum is impacted, it obtains an initial impulse and initial velocity upward along the direction of gravity under the constraint of the overall frame. When the impact is small, the pendulum pushes the counterweight to move upward for a distance and will not contact the energy storage spring; when the impact is large, the rising distance of the pendulum and the counterweight becomes longer, and the energy storage spring will be compressed during the upward movement. In the experiment, the initial velocity of the pendulum, initial load and energy, deformation and energy absorption of the measured materials and structures and other key evaluation data will be measured with the help of testing instruments and equipment such as velocity sensors, high-speed cameras, force sensors, displacement sensors, etc.

[0018] The present invention can further carry out innovative design based on the above-mentioned device: first, the explosion box is modified, and the protective medium, explosive and impact medium in the explosion box are replaced with corresponding materials under different working conditions, so as to realize the measurement and research of different impact effects under different working conditions.

[0019] The second is to make the pendulum setting more diversified and multi-directional. By using multiple pendulums in multiple directions and using a comprehensive method of damping and gravity to measure the impact, a more comprehensive and accurate comprehensive measurement of multi-directional impact can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall positive triaxial projection of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion box; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the entire frame. Figure 4 (a) and (b) are the disassembly diagrams of the top plate and the middle receiving platform, respectively. Figure 4 (d) and (d) are schematic diagrams of the disassembly of the intermediate receiving platform and the bottom plate, respectively; Figure 5 (a)-(c) are schematic diagrams of the pendulum, counterweight and gasket respectively; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the pendulum assembly; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the spring and the top plate; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a displacement sensor; Fig. 9 It is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the device for assembling the target plate; Fig.10 This is an example diagram of explosives; Fig.11 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of distance measurement; Fig.12 (a)-(d) are schematic diagrams of various target plates.

[0021] In the attached figure: 1. Top plate; 2. Top plate pillar; 3. Middle receiving platform; 4. Bottom plate pillar; 5. Bottom plate; 6. Explosion box; 7. Gravity pendulum; 8. Gasket; 9. Counterweight; 10. Energy storage spring; 11. Displacement sensor; 12. Explosive; 13. Protective material; 14. Target plate; 15. Impact medium; 16. Explosive fixing material; 17. Explosive material; 18. Impact bottom plate; 19. Bracket; 101, top plate blind hole, 301, first platform through hole, 302, platform blind hole, 303, second platform through hole, 501, bottom plate through hole, 601, exhaust hole, 801, gasket through hole, 901, counterweight through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0025] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0027] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0028] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0029] Various structural schematic diagrams of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the multifunctional explosion testing device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method provided by the present invention includes a complete frame 1-5, an explosion box 6, a gravity pendulum 7, a gasket 8, a counterweight 9 and an energy storage spring 10.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, it is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the device of the present invention. The top plate support 2 and the bottom plate support 4 are simplified, the top plate 1 and the two ends of the intermediate receiving platform 3 are simplified to fixed support ends, and the bottom plate 5 is regarded as an infinitely thick rigid platform with a flat upper end, which supports and bears the explosion of the test equipment as a whole. The platform can generally be realized by using the bottom plate and the rigid ground in combination. The impact protection material 13 is filled in the explosion box 6, and the explosion box 6 and the lower end of the impact protection material 13 are directly in contact with the infinitely thick platform 5. The lowest position of the upper surface of the impact protection material 13 should be higher than half of the box height of the explosion box 6, but cannot exceed the height of the exhaust hole 601 of the box, and the protection material 13 should wrap the other end faces of the explosive 12 except the upper end face. The explosive 12 generally includes an explosive and an impact medium. The impact medium is pushed by the explosion, and the impact is applied to the hammer head end of the gravity pendulum to achieve energy transfer and perform subsequent measurement work. Due to length restrictions, the gravity pendulum 7 is simplified here into a hammer head and a top plate, which are connected by four cylindrical support rods in the middle. Four support rods pass through four through holes on the middle receiving platform 3, and the support rods and the first platform through hole 301 are clearance matched, the gasket 8 is located between the top plate and the middle receiving platform 3, and the support rods and the gasket through hole 801 on the gasket 8 are also clearance matched, and the counterweight 9 is placed on the top plate of the pendulum 7. A circular boss is provided on the lower end surface of the frame top plate 1 for connecting the energy storage spring 10, and a box is provided in the middle of the circular boss for installing the displacement sensor 11.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, it is an explosion box 6, and eight through holes are arranged on the side of the box, which are exhaust holes 601, which are used to help release pressure during the measurement of explosion impact, simulate actual working conditions, protect the integrity of the device, and reduce the damage to the explosion box caused by the impact side effects. The explosion box 6 is installed on the bottom plate 5, and the installation position is concentric with the bottom plate through hole 501 of the bottom plate 5. The inside of the explosion box 6 is filled with impact protection material 13 and explosive 12. The impact protection material 13 is filled in an appropriate amount to avoid overflowing the exhaust hole 601. At the same time, the installation of the explosive 12 needs to ensure that the end faces of the explosive other than the upper end face are wrapped by the protective material 13. The installation posture of the explosive 12 ensures that the impact interface is as horizontal as possible, and the impact center coincides with the horizontal projection of the hammer center, so that the measured data is accurate and effective, and the test device operates normally.

[0034] like Figure 4 The figure below shows the disassembly diagram of the whole frame. Figure 4(a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of the disassembly of the top plate 1 and the intermediate receiving platform 3, respectively. The lower ends of the four top plate pillars 2 are vertically installed on the intermediate receiving platform 3, and the upper ends of the top plate pillars 2 are matched and connected with the four top plate blind holes 101 on the lower end surface of the top plate 1. The central circular boss of the top plate 1 is used to position and install the energy storage spring 10. A square box is set in the center of the circular boss for connecting the displacement sensor 11. In the process of connecting and fixing the top plate 1 and the intermediate receiving platform 3, ensure that the center of the circular boss of the top plate 1 coincides with the geometric center of the intermediate receiving platform 3 in the horizontal projection. During the impact measurement process, the geometric centers of the energy storage spring 10 and the gravity pendulum 7 are aligned, so that the test process is carried out safely and the measurement data is accurate and effective. Figure 4 (d) and (d) are respectively the disassembly schematic diagrams of the intermediate receiving platform 3 and the bottom plate 5. The lower ends of the four bottom plate pillars 4 are vertically mounted on the bottom plate 5, and the upper ends of the bottom plate pillars 4 are matched and connected with the four platform blind holes 302 on the intermediate receiving platform 3. The lower end of the intermediate receiving platform 3 is provided with another disc platform separated from the platform, and the platform is provided with four second platform through holes 303, which correspond to the positions of the horizontal cross-section circles of the four cylindrical support rods of the gravity pendulum 7. The disc platform and the intermediate receiving platform are connected by a plurality of ribs. A circular bottom plate through hole 501 is provided in the center of the bottom plate for placing the explosion box 6.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of a gravity pendulum 7, a gasket 8 and a counterweight 9. The pendulum 7 is mainly composed of three parts, namely a hammer head, a support rod and a top plate. The hammer head is a square plate, the support rod is four cylindrical rods, and the top plate is a circular plate. The hammer head and the top plate are connected by four support rods. The gasket is a circular piece with four gasket through holes 801 in the middle. It cooperates with the four support rods and is assembled between the middle receiving platform 3 and the top plate to play a buffering role when the pendulum rebounds. The counterweight 9 is a cylindrical block with four counterweight through holes 901 on the upper end surface, which are used to fix the horizontal position of the counterweight 9 installed on the top plate to ensure that the geometric center of the counterweight coincides with the projection of the geometric center of the pendulum in the horizontal direction.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, it is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the pendulum assembly. The pendulum assembly schematic diagram is divided into four parts, namely the intermediate receiving platform 3, the gravity pendulum 7, the gasket 8, and the counterweight 9. The four first platform through holes 301 of the intermediate receiving platform 3 are used as the reference and assembled in sequence. First, place the gasket 8 on the intermediate receiving platform 3 so that the first platform through hole 301 and the gasket through hole 801 are concentrically matched. Then install the pendulum 7, and the four support rods pass through the first platform through hole 301 on the intermediate receiving platform 3 and the gasket through hole 801 on the gasket 8 respectively, and the lower end surface of the top plate contacts the gasket. Finally, install the counterweight 9 and place it on the top plate. The counterweight through hole 901 cooperates with the circular boss on the top plate to ensure that the geometric centers of the components installed as a whole are coaxial in the vertical direction.

[0037] like Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is an assembly diagram of the spring and the top plate, which is divided into three parts, including the top plate 1, the energy storage spring 10 and the displacement sensor 11. The top plate 1 is simplified to fixed supports at both ends, and the circular boss at the lower end is connected to the spring 10. There is a box body in the center of the circular boss for connecting Figure 8 The displacement sensor 11 is shown.

[0038] Next, based on the above device, the preparation of explosives and explosion boxes, the assembly of test equipment, the occurrence of explosions and the explosion test process are discussed: like Fig.10 As shown, it is an example of the composition of the explosive 12. Based on the impact base plate 18, the explosion layer is composed of explosive material 17 and explosive fixing material 16, which can be used to simulate the arrangement of explosives under actual working conditions to ensure that the explosion shock propagates to the correct direction and is received by the test pendulum. An impact medium 15 is set at the upper end of the explosion layer to simulate the explosion effect under actual working conditions, increase the measurability of the impact effect caused by the explosion, and be closer to the actual explosion scene. The preparation of the explosion box mainly includes the installation of the box 6, the filling of the protective material 13 and the positioning and installation of the explosive 12. First, the explosion box 6 is installed in the center of the base plate, the upper and lower end surfaces of the box are open, and the bottom surface is directly in contact with the flat rigid interface; then, fill in an appropriate amount of explosion protection material 13 to avoid overflow from the exhaust hole 601. As shown Fig. 9 As shown, before filling the explosive protection material, the explosive bracket 19 is installed as needed, and the installation position is located at the center of the explosion box 6, which is also the plane center of the bottom plate 5. The protective material 13 is filled for the first time to avoid exceeding the upper end surface of the bracket 19 top plate. After the explosive 12 is installed on the bracket 19, the protective material 13 is filled for the second time to wrap the explosive as much as possible.

[0039] After the explosive box 6 and the explosive 12 are prepared, the entire test device is installed based on the base plate 5. First, four base plate pillars 4 are installed at the four corners of the base plate, and the middle receiving platform 3 is installed on the upper end of the pillars. Figure 4 (a) As shown. After the installation of the intermediate receiving platform 3 is completed, Figure 6 As shown, the pendulum 7, gasket 8 and counterweight 9 are installed. First, the gasket 8 is installed on the intermediate receiving platform 3 so that the first platform through hole 301 and the gasket through hole 801 are concentrically matched. Then the pendulum 7 is installed, and the four support rods pass through the first platform through hole 301 on the intermediate receiving platform 3 and the gasket through hole 801 on the gasket 8 respectively, and the lower end surface of the top plate contacts the gasket. Finally, the counterweight 9 is installed and placed on the top plate, and the counterweight through hole 901 is matched with the circular boss 701 on the top plate.

[0040] After the pendulum body is assembled, the spring energy storage device is installed based on the middle receiving platform 3. Four top plate pillars 2 are installed on the platform 3, the top plate 1 is installed on the top of the pillars, the energy storage spring is installed on the lower end of the top plate 1, and the displacement sensor 11 is installed in the box body of the circular boss on the end surface.

[0041] The test explosion process of the present invention is as follows: the explosive 12 in the explosion box 6 is detonated, generating an impact, which first acts on the impact medium 15, and then the impact medium 15 acts mainly on the gravity pendulum 7, and the gravity pendulum 7 obtains an upward impulse and initial velocity along the gravity direction, and the gravity pendulum 7 and the counterweight 9 move upward together. The maximum vertical displacement of the upper end surface of the counterweight 9 is directly measured by the displacement sensor. Fig.12 and principle overview to complete the further introduction.

[0042] In the initial state, the distance from the upper end of the counterweight to the sensor is When the counterweight and pendulum rise to the maximum height, the distance from the upper end of the counterweight to the sensor is , the spring length is known to be L.

[0043] Maximum pendulum displacement: ; In the initial state, the distance from the upper end surface of the counterweight to the end surface of the spring in the free state is: ; when When the impact on the pendulum is not enough to make the pendulum push the counterweight to contact the spring, according to the law of conservation of energy (ignoring the influence of friction and spring mass), the initial kinetic energy obtained by the pendulum during the impact is finally converted into the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum and the counterweight: ; ; ; Where: m--the total mass of the pendulum and the counterweight; --The initial velocity of the pendulum after the impact; g--acceleration due to gravity; --The initial impulse obtained by the pendulum and the counterweight; when When the pendulum is struck, it pushes the counterweight to compress the spring. According to the law of conservation of energy (ignoring the influence of friction and spring mass), the initial kinetic energy obtained by the pendulum during the impact is finally converted into the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum and the counterweight and the deformation potential energy of the spring: ;

[0044] ; ; Where: k is the stiffness coefficient of the spring; In summary, the initial impulse obtained by the pendulum and the counterweight under different impact conditions can be obtained to evaluate the impact power generated by the explosion.

[0045] Example 1 like Figure 1 The figure shows an explosion test device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method. Through the above test method, the present invention can be used for explosion tests under various working conditions, complete the quantitative measurement of the explosion impact effect, and evaluate the impact effect under simulated actual working conditions; by changing the contents of the explosion box, or replacing it with an impact generating container under different working conditions, the measurement and research of the impact effect under different conditions can be achieved.

[0046] Example 2 like Fig.12 As shown, impact target plates of different structures can be used to study the effects of different types of impacts on target plates of different structures or materials under different working conditions.

[0047] like Fig. 9 As shown, the target plate 14 is connected to the hammer head of the gravity pendulum 7, and the impact is generated and first acts on the target plate, and then moves upward together with the pendulum. When measuring the effective pendulum displacement, the initial impulse of the target plate, pendulum and counterweight can be obtained, thereby evaluating the impact performance of target plates of different structures and materials under a certain impact.

[0048] Example 3 The present invention can be used to test the effects of different types of impacts under different working conditions, as well as the structural performance and safety performance of target plates with different structures or different materials under different working conditions after being subjected to different types of impacts. In order to further expand the range of the test device of the present invention, firstly, the mass of the counterweight can be changed, and secondly, energy storage springs of different sizes and stiffnesses can be replaced, and different energy storage devices can also be used to replace the springs for testing.

[0049] At the same time, the self-contained frame of the present invention is relatively open and has a regular shape, which provides good use conditions for the use of measuring instruments such as velocity sensors and acceleration sensors.

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0051] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional explosion test device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method, characterized in that: It comprises a complete frame, a gravity pendulum (7), an energy storage spring (10), a counterweight (9) and an explosion box (6); The assembled frame comprises a top plate (1), an intermediate receiving platform (3) and a bottom plate (5) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the top plate (1) and the intermediate receiving platform (3) are connected together via a plurality of top plate pillars (2); and the intermediate receiving platform (3) and the bottom plate (5) are connected together via a plurality of bottom plate pillars (4); The gravity pendulum (7) is arranged on the middle receiving platform (3), the bottom of which passes through the middle receiving platform (3) and can move up and down along the middle receiving platform (3), the counterweight (9) is arranged above the gravity pendulum (7), the top of the energy storage spring (10) is connected to the center of the bottom of the top plate (1), and a displacement sensor (11) is also arranged at the center of the bottom of the top plate (1); The explosion box (6) is arranged on the bottom plate (5), and the explosion box (6) is used to be filled with impact protection material (13) and explosive (12), and an impact medium (15) is arranged above the explosive (12) to perform explosion and explosion testing.

2. The multifunctional explosion testing device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gravity pendulum (7) comprises a hammer head, support rods and a top plate, wherein the hammer head and the top plate are connected together by four support rods, the top plate is arranged on the middle receiving platform (3), and the support rods pass through the middle receiving platform (3) and can move up and down along the middle receiving platform (3).

3. The multifunctional explosion testing device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The hammer head is a square plate, the supporting rods are four cylindrical rods, and the top plate is a circular plate.

4. The multifunctional explosion testing device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A gasket (8) is also provided between the top plate and the middle receiving platform (3).

5. The multifunctional explosion testing device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A target plate (14) is arranged at the bottom of the hammer head.

6. The multifunctional explosion testing device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The counterweight (9) is a cylindrical block.

7. The multifunctional explosion testing device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A circular boss is provided at the bottom of the top plate (1) for connecting to an energy storage spring (10), and a box is provided in the middle of the circular boss for installing a displacement sensor (11).

8. The multifunctional explosion testing device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Eight exhaust holes are provided on the side of the explosion box (6) to help release pressure during the measurement of explosion impact and simulate actual working conditions.

9. The multifunctional explosion testing device based on the gravity ballistic pendulum method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The impact protection material (13) is filled in the explosion box (6), and the lowest position of the upper surface of the impact protection material (13) is higher than half of the box height of the explosion box (6) and lower than the exhaust hole. At the same time, the installation of the explosive (12) ensures that the end faces of the explosive other than the upper end face are wrapped by the protection material (13).

10. A multifunctional explosion test method based on a gravity ballistic pendulum method, characterized in that: The method is based on a multifunctional explosion testing device based on a gravity ballistic pendulum method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: After the explosive box (6) and the explosive (12) are prepared, the explosive (12) in the explosive box (6) is detonated, generating an impact, which first acts on the impact medium (15), and then mainly acts on the gravity pendulum (7) by the impact medium (15), and the gravity pendulum obtains an upward impulse and initial velocity along the gravity direction, and the gravity pendulum (7) and the counterweight (9) move upward together. The maximum displacement of the upper end surface of the counterweight (9) in the vertical direction is directly measured by the displacement sensor.

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