On-site actual measurement analysis method and device for coal seam upward mining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam mining, and discloses a coal seam ascending mining site actual measurement analysis method and device. The method comprises the steps that the bottom layer covering type of a current coal mine coal seam is judged, and a coal seam capable of being mined is screened; judging whether the height of the adjacent coal seam fissure zone in the coal seam capable of being mined is communicated with the coal seam fissure zone; judging whether the coal seam can be upwards mined according to the communication condition; the upward mining condition of the upward mining coal seam is judged; and mining the coal seam capable of being mined according to the upward mining condition of the coal seam capable of being mined upward. According to the method, main influence factors which influence coal seam ascending safe mining are the interlayer spacing of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam, the mining height of the lower coal seam, the lithology, the interlayer structure, the coal seam inclination angle, the mining time interval and the like are analyzed, and the feasibility of ascending mining is demonstrated through a three-zone judgment method, a ratio method, a surrounding rock balance method and a roof damage range calculation result; and a reliable theoretical basis is provided for coal mining and safety management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam mining, and in particular to a method and device for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam upward mining. Background Art

[0002] As the main energy source, the mining efficiency of coal determines the utilization rate of non-renewable resources. In the process of optimizing the energy structure, the optimization of coal mining methods is one of the research focuses on improving resource utilization. At present, the mining sequence of coal seams is divided into three methods: upward, downward and simultaneous mining. Due to the large mining volume, the large-height fully-mechanized mining technology has a great impact on the geological structure of the working face and the support balance structure, and will cause certain damage to the coal seam. Therefore, when using upward mining, it is necessary to analyze the basic mining conditions to provide a certain theoretical basis for coal seam mining and safety management.

[0003] Due to the large mining volume, the large-height fully-mechanized mining technology has a great impact on the geological structure of the working face and the support balance structure, and will also cause certain damage to the coal seam. As a result, there is a lack of relevant guarantees for safety management during coal seam mining. At the same time, there is no specific analysis of the coal seam to be mined, and the feasibility of upward mining cannot be demonstrated. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve the technical problems that the prior art lacks relevant guarantees for safety management during coal seam mining, lacks specific analysis of the coal seams to be mined, and is unable to demonstrate the feasibility of upward mining.

[0005] To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a field measurement and analysis method for upward mining of a coal seam, comprising:

[0006] Determine the bottom covering type of the current coal seam in the coal mine and select the mineable coal seam from the coal-bearing bottom layer;

[0007] Conducting actual measurement and analysis on the height of the two zones of roof overburden after mining the mineable coal seam, and determining whether the height of the fracture zone of the adjacent coal seam in the mineable coal seam is connected with the fracture zone of the coal seam;

[0008] According to the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and the communication between the adjacent coal seam fracture zones, it is determined whether the coal seam can be mined upward;

[0009] If the coal seam can be mined upward, determine the upward mining conditions of the upward mining coal seam, wherein the upward mining conditions of the upward mining coal seam include at least one of the impact of the mining of the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined, surrounding rock damage, coal mining parameters, and working face direction;

[0010] The mineable coal seam is mined according to the upward mining situation of the upward mineable coal seam.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the two zones of roof overburden after the exploitable coal seam is measured and analyzed to determine whether the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone in the exploitable coal seam is connected with the coal fracture zone, including:

[0012] Conducting actual measurement and analysis on the height of two zones of roof overburden after mining of the mineable coal seam to obtain actual measured values;

[0013] Compare the measured value with the theoretical value to obtain a two-zone height calculation formula applicable to the mineable coal seam;

[0014] According to the two-zone height calculation formula, it is determined whether the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone in the mineable coal seam is connected with its coal fracture zone.

[0015] Furthermore, the height of the two zones of roof overburden after the exploitable coal seam is mined is measured and analyzed, including:

[0016] Determine the mining collapse zone height, collapse mining ratio, water-conducting fracture zone height and fracture mining ratio of adjacent coal seams;

[0017] Determining whether the height of the fracture zone of an adjacent coal seam in the mineable coal seam is connected with the coal fracture zone thereof includes:

[0018] Determine whether the collapse zone and fracture zone of the adjacent coal seam overlap with the collapse zone and fracture zone of the mineable coal seam.

[0019] Furthermore, judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards also includes:

[0020] Whether the coal seam can be mined upward is judged based on at least one of the coal seam structure and coal mining method of the mineable coal seam, wherein the coal seam structure includes at least one of the interlayer distance between the upper and lower coal seams, the mining height of the lower coal seam, the lithology and interlayer structure, and the inclination of the coal seam; and the coal mining method includes at least one of the coal mining method, the goaf roof management method, and the mining time interval.

[0021] Further, judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the coal seam structure of the mineable coal seam includes:

[0022] If the interlayer distance between the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam is greater than the upper limit of the development of the collapse zone, fracture zone or curved subsidence zone formed after the mining of the lower coal seam, the coal seam can be mined upward;

[0023] If the interlayer distance is in the collapse zone, the coal seam cannot be mined upward;

[0024] If the interlayer distance is within the fracture zone above the collapse zone, and the height of the step sinking of the upper coal seam is not greater than 1 / 3 of the thickness of the coal seam, the coal seam can be mined upward.

[0025] Further, judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the coal seam structure of the mineable coal seam includes:

[0026] If the mining height of the lower coal seam is not greater than the preset mining height threshold, the coal seam can be mined upward, wherein the mining height of the lower coal seam is directly proportional to the mining height space, and the mining height space is also directly proportional to the degree of damage to the overlying rock strata in the mining area.

[0027] Furthermore, judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards also includes:

[0028] Whether the coal seam can be mined upward is determined by safety factors, mining technology factors, and the level of coal mining equipment; wherein, the safety factors include: whether the coal seam can be mined upward includes full coal seam upward mining and gently inclined coal seam upward mining.

[0029] Furthermore, the upward mining conditions of the upward mining coal seams are judged, including:

[0030] The impact of mining the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined is determined through the three-zone discrimination method, ratio method, surrounding rock balance method and roof damage range calculation.

[0031] Furthermore, the upward mining conditions of the upward mining coal seams are judged, including:

[0032] The surrounding rock damage is determined based on at least one of the drilling depth at the coal mining site, the average elevation-corrected collapse zone height, and the water-conducting fracture zone height.

[0033] The present invention provides a coal seam ascending mining on-site measurement and analysis device, which is used to implement any of the above-mentioned coal seam ascending mining on-site measurement and analysis methods, and the device comprises:

[0034] Identification module: determine the bottom covering type of the current coal seam in the coal mine, and select the mineable coal seam from the coal-bearing bottom layer;

[0035] Analysis module: Conducting actual measurement and analysis on the height of the two zones of roof overburden after the exploitable coal seam is mined, and judging whether the height of the fracture zone of the adjacent coal seam in the exploitable coal seam is connected with the fracture zone of the coal;

[0036] Judgment module: judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and the communication between the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and its coal fracture zone;

[0037] Decision-making module: If the coal seam can be mined upward, determine the upward mining situation of the coal seam that can be mined upward, wherein the upward mining situation of the coal seam that can be mined upward includes at least one of the impact of the mining of the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined, the surrounding rock damage, coal mining parameters, and the direction of the working face; mine the mineable coal seam according to the upward mining situation of the coal seam that can be mined upward.

[0038] Furthermore, the coal mining parameters include a maximum azimuth angle and a construction inclination angle.

[0039] Furthermore, the height calculation formula of the two belts is:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, H k H is the height of the collapse zone; li is the height of the water-conducting fracture zone; M is the mining height.

[0042] Alternatively, the two belt height calculation formula is:

[0043] H k =4M;

[0044] In the formula, H k H is the height of the collapse zone; l is the height of the water-conducting fracture zone; M is the cumulative mining thickness; n is the number of coal seam mining layers.

[0045] Furthermore, the mining time interval is determined according to the roof collapse and the destruction, movement and deformation of the overlying rock strata after coal seam mining, and according to the rock crushing coefficient K of the mined coal layer. p and mining height M, combined with the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] Calculate the thickness of the direct roof Σh required to fill the goaf, and obtain the height of the collapse zone based on the thickness of the direct roof. When the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower coal seams is less than or equal to the height of the collapse zone, the structure of the upper coal seam is damaged, and safety measures need to be taken before upward mining can be carried out. When the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower coal seams is greater than the height of the collapse zone of the lower coal seam, upward mining can be carried out.

[0048] Furthermore, the three-zone discrimination method includes when the upper coal seam is located within the maximum height of the collapse zone caused by the mining of the lower coal seam, the lower coal seam is mined first and the upper coal seam cannot be mined, or when the upper coal seam is located within the maximum height of the water-conducting fracture zone caused by the mining of the lower coal seam, the structure of the upper coal seam is damaged, and after the lower coal seam is mined and all measures are taken, the upper coal seam can be mined, and when the upper coal seam is located outside the collapse zone caused by the mining of the lower coal seam, the upper coal seam can be mined normally.

[0049] Furthermore, the ratio method calculates the ratio K of the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower coal seams and the mining thickness of the lower coal seam, wherein when K>7.5, the lower coal seam is mined first, and then mining can be carried out in the upper coal seam. According to the interlayer spacing analysis, the interlayer spacing with a ratio of K﹤7.5 does not meet the upward mining requirements.

[0050] The present invention provides a method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam upward mining, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] The present invention mainly solves the field measurement and analysis technology of coal seam upward mining. The field measurement and analysis method of coal seam upward mining includes a preliminary analysis of the geological characteristics of coal seams in the entire regional coal mine; further field measurement and analysis of the height of the two zones of roof overburden after single coal seam and multi-coal seam mining; feasibility analysis of specific coal seam upward mining; theoretical calculation of field measurement and analysis of specific coal seam upward mining. The present invention analyzes the main influencing factors affecting the safe upward mining of coal seams, namely, the interlayer spacing of the upper and lower coal seams, the mining height of the lower coal seam, the coal mining method and the management method of the roof of the goaf, the lithology and interlayer structure, the coal seam inclination, and the mining time interval, and conducts accurate and safe field measurement and analysis of the coal seam upward mining site, demonstrates the feasibility of the coal seam upward mining, and provides a certain theoretical basis for coal seam mining and safety management.

[0052] The present invention provides a method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam upward mining, which analyzes the main influencing factors affecting the safe upward mining of coal seams, namely, the interlayer distance between the upper and lower coal seams, the mining height of the lower coal seam, the coal mining method and the roof management method of the goaf area, the lithology and interlayer structure, the coal seam inclination, and the mining time interval, and demonstrates the feasibility of upward mining through the three-zone discrimination method, the ratio method and the surrounding rock balance method and the calculation results of the roof damage and destruction range; through the two-zone height calculation of the coal group mining below the coal group, the accurate and safe measurement and analysis of the coal seam upward mining site is carried out, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for coal seam mining and safety management.

[0053] According to the roof collapse and the destruction, movement and deformation law of the overlying rock strata after coal seam mining, and according to the rock crushing coefficient and mining height of the mined coal layer, the direct roof thickness required to fill the goaf is calculated through a formula to realize the actual judgment of whether the upward mining causes structural damage; and in conjunction with the model made of materials with similar mechanical properties to the prototype according to geometric common sense before upward mining, the simulation model is measured to realize on-site measurement analysis. The factors considered by the present invention are more comprehensive, and the credibility of mining is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam upward mining according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the height of two zones after coal seam mining according to a method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam upward mining of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 A distribution regularity diagram of two zones after coal seam mining according to a method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam upward mining in the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 It is a two-zone peek at the roof of the 1# coal seam and a drilling result diagram of a field measurement and analysis method for upward mining of a coal seam according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 It is a two-zone peek and drilling result diagram of the 2# coal seam roof of 4-1 of a coal seam upward mining field measurement and analysis method of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 It is a two-zone peek and drilling result diagram of the 3# coal seam roof of 4-1 of a coal seam upward mining field measurement and analysis method of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 This is a peek at two zones of the 4# coal seam roof and a drilling results diagram of a method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam upward mining in the present invention.

[0062] Unclear text in the figure does not affect the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] Various aspects and features of the present invention are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but only as an example of the embodiments. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0065] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the general description of the invention given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0066] These and other characteristics of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment given as a non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] It should also be understood that, although the invention has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art will be able to realize many other equivalent forms of the invention that have the characteristics recited in the claims and are therefore within the scope of protection defined thereby.

[0068] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0069] Specific embodiments of the present invention are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the embodiments claimed are merely examples of the present invention, which may be implemented in a variety of ways. Well-known and / or repeated functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary or redundant details. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details claimed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely serve as a basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use the present invention in a variety of ways with substantially any suitable detailed structure.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0072] like Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam upward mining, comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step S1: determine the bottom covering type of the coal seam in the current coal mine, and select the mineable coal seam from the coal-bearing bottom layer;

[0074] Step S2: measuring and analyzing the height of the two zones of roof overburden after the exploitable coal seam is mined, and judging whether the height of the fracture zone of the adjacent coal seam in the exploitable coal seam is connected with the fracture zone of the other coal seam;

[0075] Step S3: judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and the communication between the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and the adjacent coal seam fracture zone;

[0076] Step S4: If the mineable coal seam can be mined upward, determine the upward mining situation of the mineable coal seam, wherein the upward mining situation of the mineable coal seam includes at least one of the impact of the mining of the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined, surrounding rock damage, coal mining parameters, and the direction of the working face; mine the mineable coal seam according to the upward mining situation of the mineable coal seam.

[0077] According to another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above step S1, it also includes: numbering the coal seams with comparative significance in the coal-bearing bottom layers in the mine field from top to bottom, screening the mineable coal seams in the numbered coal seams, and marking the main mineable coal seams and the local mineable coal seams according to the set rules;

[0078] According to another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above step S2, the height of the two zones of roof overburden after the exploitable coal seam is mined is measured and analyzed to determine whether the height of the fracture zone of the adjacent coal seam in the exploitable coal seam is connected with its coal fracture zone, including:

[0079] Conducting actual measurement and analysis on the height of two zones of roof overburden after mining of the mineable coal seam to obtain actual measured values;

[0080] Compare the measured value with the theoretical value to obtain a two-zone height calculation formula applicable to the mineable coal seam;

[0081] According to the two-zone height calculation formula, it is determined whether the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone in the mineable coal seam is connected with its coal fracture zone.

[0082] Specifically, empirical formula method, physical simulation method, numerical simulation method and downhole borehole imaging method were used to measure and analyze the development height of two zones of roof overburden after single coal seam and multiple coal seams mining.

[0083] Two-belt height calculation formula:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, H k H is the height of the collapse zone; li is the height of the water-conducting fracture zone; M is the mining height;

[0086] Alternatively, the two belt height calculation formula is:

[0087] H k =4M

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, H k H is the height of the collapse zone; l is the height of the water-conducting fracture zone; M is the cumulative mining thickness; n is the number of coal seam mining layers.

[0090] More specifically, the height of the two zones of roof overburden after mining of the mineable coal seam is measured and analyzed, including:

[0091] Determine the mining collapse zone height, collapse mining ratio, water-conducting fracture zone height and fracture mining ratio of adjacent coal seams;

[0092] Determining whether the height of the fracture zone of an adjacent coal seam in the mineable coal seam is connected with the coal fracture zone thereof includes:

[0093] Determine whether the collapse zone and fracture zone of the adjacent coal seam overlap with the collapse zone and fracture zone of the mineable coal seam.

[0094] According to another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above step S3, judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards further includes:

[0095] Whether the coal seam can be mined upward is judged based on at least one of the coal seam structure and coal mining method of the mineable coal seam, wherein the coal seam structure includes at least one of the interlayer distance between the upper and lower coal seams, the mining height of the lower coal seam, the lithology and interlayer structure, and the inclination of the coal seam; and the coal mining method includes at least one of the coal mining method, the goaf roof management method, and the mining time interval.

[0096] Judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the coal seam structure of the mineable coal seam includes:

[0097] If the interlayer distance between the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam is greater than the upper limit of the development of the collapse zone, fracture zone or curved subsidence zone formed after the mining of the lower coal seam, the coal seam can be mined upward;

[0098] If the interlayer distance is in the collapse zone, the coal seam cannot be mined upward;

[0099] If the interlayer distance is within the fracture zone above the collapse zone, and the height of the step sinking of the upper coal seam is not greater than 1 / 3 of the thickness of the coal seam, the coal seam can be mined upward.

[0100] Judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the coal seam structure of the mineable coal seam includes:

[0101] If the mining height of the lower coal seam is not greater than the preset mining height threshold, the coal seam can be mined upward, wherein the mining height of the lower coal seam is directly proportional to the mining height space, and the mining height space is also directly proportional to the degree of damage to the overlying rock strata in the mining area.

[0102] According to another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above step S3, judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards further includes:

[0103] Whether the coal seam can be mined upward is determined by safety factors, mining technology factors, and the level of coal mining equipment; wherein, the safety factors include: whether the coal seam can be mined upward includes full coal seam upward mining and gently inclined coal seam upward mining.

[0104] The safety factors are specifically based on the drilling statistics of the aquifer thickness, average thickness and its thickness change law, and the water level elevation, borehole unit water yield, permeability coefficient, pH value, groundwater mineralization and water quality type combined with the engineering geological characteristics and mechanical properties of the coal seam roof and floor rocks to calculate the maximum height of the collapse zone and the maximum height of the water-conducting fracture zone.

[0105] The mining time interval is determined according to the roof collapse and the destruction, movement and deformation of the overlying rock strata after coal seam mining, and according to the rock expansion coefficient K of the mined coal strata. p and mining height M, combined with the following formula:

[0106]

[0107] The thickness of the immediate roof Σh required to fill the goaf is calculated, and the height of the collapse zone is obtained based on the thickness of the immediate roof. When the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower coal seams is less than or equal to the height of the collapse zone, the structure of the upper coal seam is only moderately damaged, and safety measures need to be taken before normal upward mining can be carried out. When the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower coal seams is greater than the height of the collapse zone of the lower coal seam, the upper coal seam only moves as a whole, the structure is not damaged, and upward mining can be carried out normally.

[0108] According to another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above step S4, determining the upward mining status of the upward mining coal seam includes:

[0109] The three-zone discrimination method, ratio method, surrounding rock balance method and roof damage range calculation are used to determine the impact of the mining of the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined, and data observation related to the surrounding rock damage is completed at the mining site. Further judgment is made at the mining site as to whether upward mining or upward mining of the gently sloping coal seam is possible.

[0110] In step S4, the three-zone discrimination method includes when the upper coal seam is located within the maximum height of the collapse zone caused by the mining of the lower coal seam, the lower coal seam is mined first and then the upper coal seam cannot be mined, or when the upper coal seam is located within the maximum height of the water-conducting fracture zone caused by the mining of the lower coal seam, the structure of the upper coal seam is only moderately damaged, and after the lower coal seam is mined, the upper coal seam can be mined after certain technical and safety measures are taken, and when the upper coal seam is located outside the collapse zone caused by the mining of the lower coal seam, the upper coal seam only moves as a whole, the structure is not damaged, and after the lower coal seam is mined, the upper coal seam can be mined normally.

[0111] In step S4, the ratio method is used to calculate the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower coal seams and the ratio K of the thickness of the lower coal seam. When K>7.5, the lower coal seam is mined first, and then normal mining activities can be carried out in the upper coal seam. According to the interlayer spacing analysis, the interlayer spacing with an average ratio of K<7.5 does not meet the upward mining requirements.

[0112] In step S4, the data related to the surrounding rock damage include the maximum azimuth, construction inclination, drilling depth, average elevation-corrected collapse zone height, and water-conducting fracture zone height, which are used to judge the surrounding rock damage. Before upward mining, a model is made of materials with similar mechanical properties to the prototype according to geometric common sense, and the simulation model is measured to measure the surrounding rock forces. The various forces on the model are artificially increased until the model is damaged, and then the new model material is excavated to observe the direction of the working face.

[0113] The present invention provides a method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam upward mining, which analyzes the main influencing factors affecting the safe upward mining of coal seams, namely, the interlayer distance between the upper and lower coal seams, the mining height of the lower coal seam, the coal mining method and the roof management method of the goaf area, the lithology and interlayer structure, the coal seam inclination, and the mining time interval, and demonstrates the feasibility of upward mining through the three-zone discrimination method, the ratio method and the surrounding rock balance method and the calculation results of the roof damage and destruction range; through the two-zone height calculation of the coal group mining below the coal group, the accurate and safe measurement and analysis of the coal seam upward mining site is carried out, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for coal seam mining and safety management.

[0114] According to the roof collapse and the destruction, movement and deformation law of the overlying rock strata after coal seam mining, and according to the rock crushing coefficient and mining height of the mined coal layer, the direct roof thickness required to fill the goaf is calculated through a formula to realize the actual judgment of whether the upward mining causes structural damage; and in conjunction with the model made of materials with similar mechanical properties to the prototype according to geometric common sense before upward mining, the simulation model is measured to realize on-site measurement analysis. The factors considered by the present invention are more comprehensive, and the credibility of mining is higher.

[0115] Example 1

[0116] like Figure 2-Figure 7 As shown, the following is an embodiment of the specific application of the present invention:

[0117] A method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam ascending mining comprises the following specific steps:

[0118] Step S1: determine which bottom layer the coal seam in the current coal mine belongs to through preliminary geological survey, and number the coal seams with comparative significance from top to bottom in the mine field, select the mineable coal seams among the numbered coal seams, and mark the main mineable coal seams and other local mineable coal seams;

[0119] According to the preliminary analysis in step S1, the coal-bearing stratum in the mine field in this specific embodiment is the Jurassic Yan'an Formation, with 11 mineable and partially mineable coal seams. The mine field has a designed mineable reserve of 564.58 Mt.

[0120] According to the inter-layer spacing and recoverable reserves of each coal seam, the coal seam group of this mine is divided into four groups: Group 1 includes coal seams 3-1, 3-2, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, etc., Group 2 includes coal seams 6, Group 3 includes coal seams 10, 12, etc., and Group 4 includes coal seams 17, 18-1, 18-2, etc. The mine adopts the inclined shaft development method, and a total of 3 shafts are arranged, namely the main inclined shaft, the gentle slope auxiliary inclined shaft, and the return air inclined shaft. There are many north-south fault structures developed in the mine. According to the geological structure characteristics of the mine field, the occurrence of coal seams, and combined with the mine development method, tunnel layout and horizontal division, the entire mine field is divided into 3 levels and 13 mining areas according to coal groups and horizontal elevations. Among them, the early mining area of ​​the mine is divided into four mining areas according to coal seam groups, and other areas are divided into 9 mining areas according to geological structures and horizontal elevations.

[0121] The coal-bearing strata in the mining area are the Yan'an Formation of the Middle Jurassic System, which contains nearly 30 coal seams, of which 15 are of comparative significance, numbered from top to bottom as 3-1, 3-2, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 17, 18, 18-1, 18-2, and 18-lower.

[0122] The mineable coal seams developed in the mining area are 3-1, 3-2, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 6, 10, 12, 17, 18-1, and 18-2 coal seams, among which 3-2, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 6, 10, 12, and 17 are the main mineable coal seams, and other coal seams are locally mineable.

[0123] Step S2: using empirical formula method, physical simulation method, numerical simulation and underground borehole imaging method to further measure and analyze the height of the two zones of roof overburden after mining of single coal seam and multiple coal seams; based on the original calculation formula of the height of the two zones after mining of single coal seam and multiple coal seams, the difference between the measured and theoretical values ​​is linearly analyzed, the coefficient of the existing calculation formula is corrected, and a calculation formula for the height of the two zones applicable to a specific coal mine is provided, and on this basis, whether the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone of the single coal seam and multiple coal seams is connected with its coal fracture zone is calculated;

[0124] Step S3: judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and the communication between the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and the adjacent coal seam fracture zone;

[0125] Furthermore, it is also possible to judge whether the coal seam can be mined upward based on at least one of the coal seam structure and coal mining method of the mineable coal seam, wherein the coal seam structure includes at least one of the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower coal seams, the mining height of the lower coal seam, the lithology and interlayer structure, and the inclination of the coal seam; and the coal mining method includes at least one of the coal mining method, the goaf roof management method, and the mining time interval.

[0126] Whether the coal seam can be mined upward is determined by safety factors, mining technology factors, and the level of coal mining equipment; wherein, the safety factors include: whether the coal seam can be mined upward includes full coal seam upward mining and gently inclined coal seam upward mining.

[0127] Step S4: If the mineable coal seam can be mined upward, determine the upward mining situation of the mineable coal seam, wherein the upward mining situation of the mineable coal seam includes at least one of the impact of the mining of the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined, surrounding rock damage, coal mining parameters, and the direction of the working face; mine the mineable coal seam according to the upward mining situation of the mineable coal seam.

[0128] Example 2

[0129] like Figure 2 As shown, another specific embodiment of the present invention, based on the first embodiment, has:

[0130] Based on step S2, further measured analysis of the development heights of the two zones of roof overburden after mining a single coal seam and multiple coal seams requires measuring the height of the mining collapse zone, the mining collapse ratio, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone and the fracture mining ratio of the adjacent coal seams to determine whether the collapse zones and fracture zones of the single coal seam and multiple coal seams overlap.

[0131] After the preliminary analysis of the geological characteristics of the coal seams in the entire regional coal mine in step S1, data measurement and analysis were carried out on the 4-1 coal of the single coal seam and multiple coal seams in Example 1. The mining collapse zone height was 9.70m, the collapse ratio was 2.55, the water-conducting fracture zone height was 35.7m, and the fracture ratio was 9.39; the collapse zone height formed after sequential mining of the 4-2 coal was 17.68m, and the water-conducting fracture zone development height was 45.3m, and its collapse zone and fracture zone overlapped with the collapse zone and fracture zone of the 4-1 coal; the collapse zone height formed by sequential mining of the 4-3 coal was 4.6m, and the fracture zone height was 65.2m, and its fracture zone overlapped with the fracture zone of the 4-2 coal.

[0132] The coals are numbered 3-2, 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3 from top to bottom. Based on the actual situation, a targeted analysis is conducted on the precise calculation of the heights of the two zones after the single mining of 4-1 coal and the combined mining of 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3.

[0133] Based on the original calculation formula, the difference between the measured and theoretical values ​​was linearly analyzed, the coefficients of the existing calculation formula were corrected, and an applicable two-belt height calculation formula was proposed:

[0134]

[0135] In the formula, H k H is the height of the collapse zone; li is the height of the water-conducting fracture zone; M is the mining height;

[0136] On this basis, calculate whether the height of the fracture zone of a single coal seam or multiple coal seams adjacent to each other is connected with its coal fracture zone, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the average distance between the 6th coal seam and the 4-3 coal seam is 42.49m, the average distance between the 6th coal seam and the 10th coal seam is 47.51m, the average distance between the 10th coal seam and the 12th coal seam is 24.59m, the average distance between the 12th coal seam and the 17th coal seam is 40.59m, and the average distance between the 17th coal seam and the 18th coal seam is 13.3m. Since the coal seams below the 6th coal seam are far from the 3-2 coal seam, this embodiment predicts and analyzes the height of the two zones after the 6th coal seam is mined;

[0137] The 6 coal seams contain 0 to 4 layers of interlayered gangue, with a thickness of 0.07 to 0.40 m. The interlayered gangue is mainly carbonaceous mudstone, mudstone, and siltstone, and is a simple structure coal seam. The roof of the coal seam is mostly siltstone, followed by fine-grained sandstone and medium- and coarse-grained sandstone, with a thickness of 0.84 to 21.96 m; the bottom plate is mainly siltstone, followed by fine-grained sandstone and a small amount of mudstone, with a thickness of 0.84 to 24.90 m. Based on the above stratum lithology evaluation, the lithology of the roof of the 6 coal seams can be preliminarily determined to be a medium-hard rock layer. The maximum collapse zone after mining the 6 coal seams is calculated according to the above formula, and M6 = 2.12 is substituted to obtain: M total thickness average value.

[0138] The calculation results show that after the mining of the 6th coal seam, the height of the fracture zone is not connected with the 4-3 coal fracture zone, so it has no impact on the mining of the 3-2 coal.

[0139] Example 3

[0140] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, based on the above first embodiment, there are:

[0141] The safety factor in step S3 is specifically to calculate the maximum height of the collapse zone and the maximum height of the water-conducting fracture zone based on the drilling statistics of the aquifer thickness, average thickness and thickness variation law, and the water level, drilling unit water inflow, permeability, pH value, groundwater mineralization and water quality type combined with the engineering geological characteristics and mechanical properties of the top and bottom plates of the coal seam. In step S3, the mining height of the lower coal seam is directly proportional to the mining height space, and the mining space is also directly proportional to the degree of damage to the overlying rock strata in the mining area. The mining height of the lower coal seam is not more than 6m.

[0142] The mining time interval in step S3 is determined according to the roof collapse and the destruction, movement and deformation of the overlying rock layer after coal seam mining, and according to the rock expansion coefficient K of the mined coal layer. p And the mining height M, through the following formula:

[0143]

[0144] Calculate the thickness of the immediate roof Σh required to fill the goaf. When the distance between the upper and lower coal seams is less than or equal to the height of the collapse zone, the structure of the upper coal seam will only be moderately damaged. After taking certain safety measures, upward mining can be carried out normally. When the distance between the upper and lower coal seams is greater than the height of the collapse zone of the lower coal seam, the upper coal seam will only move as a whole, the structure will not be damaged, and upward mining can be carried out normally.

[0145] The specific calculation formula for the height of the collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone is:

[0146] H k =4M

[0147]

[0148] In the formula, H k , is the maximum height of the collapse zone; H l is the maximum height of the water-conducting fracture zone; M is the cumulative mining thickness; n is the number of coal seam mining layers (when M≤4.2m, n=1, when 4.2m≤M≤8.4m, n=2).

[0149] According to the above formula, the heights of the representative main mineable coal seam collapse zones and water-conducting fracture zones in the embodiment are calculated.

[0150] After mining of coal seams below 3-2 coal, the upper Zhiluo sandstone aquifer will be drained by the fracture zone formed after mining of the lower coal seam, and finally discharged in the form of mine water. There is a possibility of water inrush in the Zhiluo sandstone aquifer. If the 3-2 coal seam is mined first, some areas of the 3-2 coal seam will be directly connected to the Zhiluo sandstone aquifer directly above the top, and the mining of the 3-2 coal collapse zone will be connected to the Zhiluo sandstone aquifer, which will cause water inrush during mining of the working face. It will be difficult to carry out water prevention and control work in the mine, and safety production cannot be ensured. The safety production of 3-2 coal as the first mining coal seam cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, it is concluded that the mining sequence of 3-2 coal can solve the problem of water inrush in the working face that may be caused by mining the 3-2 coal seam first, and slow mining of 3-2 coal is beneficial to the safety production of the mine.

[0151] Example 4

[0152] like Figure 3 As shown, according to another specific embodiment of the present invention, based on the above first embodiment:

[0153] In step S4, judging the upward mining condition of the upward mining coal seam includes:

[0154] The impact of mining the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined is determined through the three-zone discrimination method, ratio method, surrounding rock balance method and roof damage range calculation.

[0155] The three-zone identification method includes: when the upper coal seam is located within the collapse zone caused by the mining of the lower coal seam, the lower coal seam is mined first and then the upper coal seam cannot be mined, or when the upper coal seam is located within the water-conducting fracture zone caused by the mining of the lower coal seam, the structure of the upper coal seam is only moderately damaged, and after the lower coal seam is mined, certain technical and safety measures are taken and the upper coal seam can be mined; and when the upper coal seam is located outside the collapse zone caused by the mining of the lower coal seam, the upper coal seam only moves as a whole and the structure is not damaged. After the lower coal seam is mined, the upper coal seam can be mined normally.

[0156] In step S4, the ratio method is used to obtain the ratio K of the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower coal seams and the thickness of the lower coal seam. When K>7.5, the lower coal seam is mined first, and then normal mining activities can be carried out in the upper coal seam. According to the interlayer spacing analysis, the interlayer spacing with an average ratio of K<7.5 does not meet the upward mining requirements.

[0157] In step S4, the data observed at the mining site include the maximum azimuth angle, the construction inclination angle, the drilling depth, the average elevation angle corrected collapse zone height, and the water-conducting fracture zone height, in order to judge the surrounding rock damage. Before upward mining, a model is made of materials with mechanical properties similar to those of the prototype according to geometric common sense, and the simulation model is measured to measure the surrounding rock forces. The various forces on the model are artificially increased continuously until the model is damaged, and then the new model material is excavated to observe the direction of the working face.

[0158] It should be noted that the three-dimensional model must be reduced and enlarged in the same proportion. The similarity coefficients are specifically the length similarity coefficient, volume similarity coefficient and area similarity coefficient. The two-dimensional model can be simplified to a plane problem, maintaining the geometric similarity of the plane size, without seeking geometric similarity in thickness; motion similarity; initial state similarity; boundary similarity - the boundary conditions of the model are kept consistent with the prototype as much as possible. According to the relationship between the object model and the prototype, the deformation, movement and destruction of the overlying rock strata in the main stopes and tunnels are studied.

[0159] The larger the interlayer spacing between the upper and lower coal seams or the ratio h / M of the normal vertical distance h between the two coal seams and the mining height M of the coal seam at the lower layer, the more moderate the displacement and deformation of the upper coal seam, the smaller the subsidence, and the more favorable it is for upward mining. On the contrary, the smaller the interlayer spacing or the ratio of h to M, the more severe the deformation or damage of the upper coal seam, and even unfavorable factors such as step subsidence may occur. The roof collapse and step subsidence after mining the coal seam at the lower layer are the most unfavorable factors for upward mining.

[0160] When the interlayer distance between two coal seams is greater than the upper limit of the development of the collapse zone, fracture zone, or even the curved sinking zone formed after the mining of the lower coal seam, in theory, upward mining can be fully adopted; in the collapse zone, upward mining cannot be adopted; in the fracture zone above the collapse zone, as long as the height of the step sinking of the upper coal seam is not greater than 1 / 3 of the thickness of the coal seam, upward mining can also be adopted. The mining height plays a decisive role in the degree and height of the damage to the overlying strata. The greater the mining height, the larger the mining space, and the more serious the damage to the overlying strata in the mining area.

[0161] The mining method also plays an important role in the damage of the overburden. Different roof management methods will result in different shapes and heights of the damage space of the overburden. When the full collapse method is used to manage the roof, the overburden of the mining area usually forms three zones; while when the filling method is used for roof management, it usually only causes cracks in the overburden, and the amount of roof subsidence is smaller than when the full collapse method is used.

[0162] In summary, the following is an on-site measurement analysis of the upward mining of the upward mining coal seam in the embodiment. The maximum azimuth angle of the 1# borehole is 163°, the construction inclination angle is 64°, the drilling depth is 52.36m, the collapse zone height corrected by the average elevation angle is 8.8m, and the water-conducting fracture zone height is 28.48m. The 3-2 coal seam is in the fracture zone of the roof of the 4-1 coal seam. The bottom plate of the coal seam is about 9.82m away from the 4-1 coal collapse zone. The surrounding rock has only moderate damage. The 3-2 coal seam is intact and has not caused relatively large step sinking damage. Therefore, upward mining can be achieved, as shown in the figure;

[0163] The maximum azimuth of the 2# borehole is 163°, the construction inclination is 64°, the drilling depth is 43.03m, the height of the collapse zone corrected by the average elevation angle is 8.6m, and the height of the water-conducting fracture zone is 28.66m. The 3-2 coal seam is located in the fracture zone of the roof of the 4-1 coal seam. The bottom plate of the coal seam is about 9.72m away from the collapse zone of the 4-1 coal seam. The surrounding rock has only moderate damage. The 3-2 coal seam is intact and has not caused any large step sinking damage. Therefore, upward mining can be achieved, as shown in the attached figure;

[0164] The maximum azimuth of the 3# borehole is 163°, the construction inclination is 58°, the actual depth of the borehole is 51.02m, the height of the collapse zone formed by the 4-1 coal is 8.72m, and the collapse zone of the 4-2 coal has entered the collapse zone formed by the 4-1 coal. The heights of the collapse zone and the fracture zone of the 4-2 coal are superimposed on the collapse zone and the fracture zone of the 4-1 coal, so their boundaries are located at the maximum elevation of the "two zones" formed by the 4-1 coal. The height of the superimposed collapse zone formed by the 4-2 coal is 17.26m, and the 3-2 coal seam is in the fracture zone of the roof of the 4-1 coal seam. The bottom plate of the coal seam is about 9.68m away from the collapse zone of the 4-1 coal. The surrounding rock has only suffered moderate damage, and the 3-2 coal seam is intact, without causing relatively large step sinking damage, so upward mining can be achieved, as shown in the attached figure;

[0165] The maximum azimuth of borehole 4# is 163°, the construction inclination is 58°, the actual depth of the borehole is 52.07m, the height of the collapse zone formed by the 4-1 coal is 8.02m, the collapse zone of the 4-2 coal has entered the collapse zone formed by the 4-1 coal, the heights of the collapse zone and the fracture zone of the 4-2 coal are superimposed on the collapse zone and the fracture zone of the 4-1 coal, and their dividing lines are located at the maximum elevation of the "two zones" formed by the 4-1 coal. The height of the superimposed collapse zone formed by the 4-2 coal is 17.44m, and the 3-2 coal seam is in the fracture zone of the roof of the 4-1 coal seam. The bottom plate of the coal seam is about 8.87m away from the collapse zone of the 4-1 coal, and the surrounding rock has only suffered moderate damage. The 3-2 coal seam is intact and has not caused relatively large step sinking damage, so upward mining can be achieved.

[0166] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure involved in the present disclosure is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above disclosed concept. For example, the above features are replaced with the technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present disclosure (but not limited to) by each other to form a technical solution.

[0167] In addition, although each operation is described in a specific order, this should not be understood as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order. Under certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although some specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Some features described in the context of a separate embodiment can also be implemented in a single embodiment in combination. On the contrary, the various features described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments individually or in any suitable sub-combination mode.

[0168] Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological logical actions, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. On the contrary, the specific features and actions described above are merely example forms of implementing the claims.

[0169] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

Claims

1. A method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam ascending mining, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the bottom covering type of the current coal seam in the coal mine and select the mineable coal seam from the coal-bearing bottom layer; Conducting actual measurement and analysis on the height of the two zones of roof overburden after the exploitable coal seam is mined, and determining whether the height of the fracture zone of the adjacent coal seam in the exploitable coal seam is connected with the fracture zone of the other coal seam; According to the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and the communication between the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and the adjacent coal seam fracture zone, it is determined whether the coal seam can be mined upward; If the mineable coal seam can be mined upward, determine the upward mining situation of the mineable coal seam, wherein the upward mining situation of the mineable coal seam includes at least one of the impact of mining of the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined, surrounding rock damage, coal mining parameters, and working face direction; The mineable coal seam is mined according to the upward mining situation of the upward mineable coal seam.

2. The on-site measurement and analysis method for upward mining of coal seams according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Conducting actual measurement and analysis on the height of the two zones of roof overburden after mining the mineable coal seam to determine whether the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone in the mineable coal seam is connected with its coal fracture zone, including: Conducting actual measurement and analysis on the height of two zones of roof overburden after mining of the mineable coal seam to obtain actual measured values; Compare the measured value with the theoretical value to obtain a two-zone height calculation formula applicable to the mineable coal seam; According to the two-zone height calculation formula, it is determined whether the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone in the mineable coal seam is connected with its coal fracture zone.

3. The on-site measurement and analysis method for upward mining of coal seams according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The height of the two zones of roof overburden after mining of the mineable coal seam is measured and analyzed, including: Determine the mining collapse zone height, collapse mining ratio, water-conducting fracture zone height and fracture mining ratio of adjacent coal seams; Determining whether the height of the fracture zone of an adjacent coal seam in the mineable coal seam is connected with the coal fracture zone thereof includes: Determine whether the collapse zone and fracture zone of the adjacent coal seam overlap with the collapse zone and fracture zone of the mineable coal seam.

4. The on-site measurement and analysis method for upward mining of coal seams according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Judging whether the coal seam can be mined upward also includes: Whether the coal seam can be mined upward is judged based on at least one of the coal seam structure and coal mining method of the mineable coal seam, wherein the coal seam structure includes at least one of the interlayer distance between the upper and lower coal seams, the mining height of the lower coal seam, the lithology and interlayer structure, and the inclination of the coal seam; and the coal mining method includes at least one of the coal mining method, the goaf roof management method, and the mining time interval.

5. The on-site measurement and analysis method for upward mining of coal seams according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the coal seam structure of the mineable coal seam includes: If the interlayer distance between the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam is greater than the upper limit of the development of the collapse zone, fracture zone or curved subsidence zone formed after the mining of the lower coal seam, the coal seam can be mined upward; If the interlayer distance is in the collapse zone, the coal seam cannot be mined upward; If the interlayer distance is within the fracture zone above the collapse zone, and the height of the step sinking of the upper coal seam is not greater than 1 / 3 of the thickness of the coal seam, the coal seam can be mined upward.

6. The on-site measurement and analysis method for upward mining of coal seams according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the coal seam structure of the mineable coal seam includes: If the mining height of the lower coal seam is not greater than the preset mining height threshold, the coal seam can be mined upward, wherein the mining height of the lower coal seam is directly proportional to the mining height space, and the mining height space is also directly proportional to the degree of damage to the overlying rock strata in the mining area.

7. The method for on-site measurement and analysis of coal seam ascending mining according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Judging whether the coal seam can be mined upward also includes: Whether the coal seam can be mined upward is determined by safety factors, mining technology factors, and the level of coal mining equipment; wherein, the safety factors include: whether the coal seam can be mined upward includes full coal seam upward mining and gently inclined coal seam upward mining.

8. The on-site measurement and analysis method for upward mining of coal seams according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Determine the upward mining situation of the upward mining coal seam, including: The impact of mining the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined is determined through the three-zone discrimination method, ratio method, surrounding rock balance method and roof damage range calculation.

9. The on-site measurement and analysis method for upward mining of coal seams according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Determine the upward mining situation of the upward mining coal seam, including: The surrounding rock damage situation is judged based on at least one of the drilling depth at the coal mining site, the average elevation-corrected collapse zone height, and the water-conducting fracture zone height.

10. A coal seam ascending mining on-site measurement and analysis device, characterized in that: The device is used to implement the on-site measurement and analysis method for coal seam ascending mining as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises: Identification module: determine the bottom covering type of the current coal seam in the coal mine and select the mineable coal seam from the coal-bearing bottom layer; Analysis module: Conducting actual measurement and analysis on the height of the two zones of roof overburden after the exploitable coal seam is mined, and judging whether the height of the fracture zone of the adjacent coal seam in the exploitable coal seam is connected with the fracture zone of the coal; Judgment module: judging whether the coal seam can be mined upwards according to the height of the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and the communication between the adjacent coal seam fracture zone and its coal fracture zone; Decision-making module: If the coal seam can be mined upward, determine the upward mining situation of the coal seam that can be mined upward, wherein the upward mining situation of the coal seam that can be mined upward includes at least one of the impact of the mining of the lower coal seam on the upper coal seam to be mined, the surrounding rock damage, coal mining parameters, and the direction of the working face; mine the mineable coal seam according to the upward mining situation of the coal seam that can be mined upward.

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