Ancient groove prediction method and system based on fractal theory

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ancient groove prediction, and particularly relates to an ancient groove prediction method and system based on a fractal theory, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the arrangement of known ancient groove data, and drawing a preliminary plane layout diagram of a known ancient groove according to drilling data; coarsening the preliminary plane distribution map, and dividing the preliminary plane distribution map into a plurality of prediction units according to the distribution rule and direction of the ancient groove; fractal rules and fractal parameters of ancient grooves in different prediction units are determined; and predicting plane distribution of ancient grooves in different prediction units according to fractal rules and fractal parameters. According to the method, the plane distribution of the ancient trench can be accurately predicted, and the method can be applied to geological oil and gas field exploration to find a favorable gas-bearing geological target.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ancient groove prediction, and in particular relates to an ancient groove prediction method and system based on fractal theory. Background Art

[0002] Paleotroughs refer to drainage channels cut by karst water erosion in karst platforms. There are active surface and underground runoffs near paleotroughs, smooth drainage, well-developed dissolution pores, and good reservoir properties. The restoration of paleotroughs (landforms) is one of the key points and difficulties in sedimentological research. Currently, there are more than ten commonly used paleotrough analysis methods, including sedimentological analysis methods, residual thickness methods, impression methods, and high-resolution sequence stratigraphy methods. Most of them are derived from impression methods and residual thickness methods or use different types of data. The basic principle is "filling in the gaps", but the above methods for paleotrough analysis cannot accurately predict the planar distribution of paleotroughs.

[0003] Although the ancient trench has a complex landform with gullies and valleys, from the perspective of modern mathematics, it has obvious fractal characteristics both at the macro scale and at the micro scale - "a figure whose components are similar to the whole in some way". Based on the above theory, the patent with publication number CN115291297A discloses a small-scale structure prediction method based on fractal theory, which includes: detecting the distribution of faults in the study area; calculating the fault information dimension based on fractal theory and drawing a fault information dimension cloud map; constructing exploration boreholes in the study area and performing in-hole ultrasonic imaging; calculating the joint information dimension in the borehole based on fractal theory, and calculating the surface density of the joints in the borehole; using the surface density of the joints in the borehole as a bridge, establishing a functional relationship between the fault information dimension and the joint information dimension in the borehole; calculating the underground joint information dimension of the radiation area in combination with the fault information dimension, and drawing a reservoir area joint information dimension cloud map; analyzing the reservoir area joint information dimension cloud map to achieve the prediction of small structures, but the above calculation process is relatively complicated and is not a prediction of the ancient trench. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve or partially solve the above problems, in the first aspect, the present invention proposes a paleo-groove prediction method based on fractal theory, which can evaluate favorable geological targets in a simple and low-cost manner, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Organize the known paleo-grooves data and draw a preliminary planar distribution map of the known paleo-grooves based on the drilling data;

[0006] Coarsening the preliminary plane distribution map, and dividing the preliminary plane distribution map into a plurality of prediction units according to the distribution law and direction of the ancient grooves;

[0007] Determine the fractal rules and fractal parameters of paleo-grooves in different prediction units;

[0008] The planar distribution of ancient grooves in different prediction units is predicted according to the fractal rules and fractal parameters.

[0009] Furthermore, the collation of known paleo-grooves data includes the following steps:

[0010] Obtain paleo-trench data from drilling data or seismic interpretation data;

[0011] Check whether there are singular values ​​in the paleo-trench data. If there are singular values, recheck the drilling data or seismic interpretation data.

[0012] Furthermore, the roughened preliminary planar layout diagram is specifically:

[0013] Keep the main, regular and reliable branches in the preliminary plane layout diagram and remove the uncertain branches.

[0014] Furthermore, determining the fractal rules and fractal parameters of the ancient grooves in different prediction units includes the following steps:

[0015] In different prediction units, the fractal fitting formula is selected according to the fractal characteristics of the ancient grooves in each prediction unit;

[0016] The fractal parameters are obtained according to the selected fractal fitting formula and the known ancient groove nodes, and the fractal parameters include the angle between the main groove and the branch groove, the contraction coefficient of the main groove and the branch groove, and the length of the ancient groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the fractal characteristics of the ancient groove include linear fractal and nonlinear fractal;

[0018] If the ancient groove is a linear fractal, a linear fitting formula is selected; if the ancient groove is a nonlinear fitting, a nonlinear fitting formula is selected.

[0019] Further, obtaining fractal parameters according to the selected fractal fitting formula and known ancient groove nodes includes the following steps:

[0020] Determine the coordinates of the key nodes of the known main grooves and branch grooves;

[0021] The fractal parameters are calculated according to the coordinates of the key nodes and the fractal fitting formula.

[0022] Furthermore, predicting the planar distribution of ancient grooves in different prediction units according to the fractal rules and fractal parameters includes the following steps:

[0023] In different prediction units, the key nodes of the next level of unknown paleo-grooves are calculated according to the selected fractal fitting formula and fractal parameters;

[0024] Connect each key node in the industrial mapping software to draw the plane layout of the ancient grooves;

[0025] The planar distribution of the drawn ancient trenches was modified and improved according to the actual geological conditions.

[0026] In the second aspect, the present invention proposes a paleo-groove prediction system based on fractal theory, comprising:

[0027] A drawing unit is used to sort out the known paleo-grooves data and draw a preliminary planar layout of the known paleo-grooves based on the drilling data;

[0028] A division unit is used to coarsen the preliminary plane distribution map and divide the preliminary plane distribution map into a plurality of prediction units according to the distribution law and trend of the ancient grooves;

[0029] Determine the unit, which is used to determine the fractal rules and fractal parameters of the paleo-grooves in different prediction units;

[0030] The prediction unit is used to predict the planar distribution of ancient grooves in different prediction units according to the fractal rules and fractal parameters.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0032] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0033] The processor is used to implement the ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory when executing the program stored in the memory.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, the present invention proposes a storage medium for storing a computer-readable program, which, when executed, executes the ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory.

[0035] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0036] The present invention uses fractal theory to sort out known paleo-grooves data, and draws a preliminary plane distribution map of known paleo-grooves based on the paleo-grooves data; coarsens the preliminary plane distribution map, and divides the preliminary plane distribution map into multiple prediction units based on the distribution law and direction of the paleo-grooves; determines the fractal rules and parameters of the paleo-grooves in different prediction units; and predicts the plane distribution of the paleo-grooves in different prediction units based on the fractal rules and parameters. The paleo-grooves prediction method based on fractal theory proposed by the present invention can accurately predict the plane distribution of paleo-grooves, and the above method can be applied to find favorable gas-bearing geological targets in geological oil and gas field exploration.

[0037] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 The flowchart of the ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory proposed in the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the plane layout of the ancient groove map of the known ancient groove data in the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 3 Different ancient groove prediction unit division diagrams in embodiments of the present invention are shown;

[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the selection of key nodes for ancient groove prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of obtaining fractal parameters of ancient grooves according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 6 It shows the predicted distribution diagram of the ancient groove plane in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a paleogroove prediction system based on fractal theory in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an electronic device for implementing an ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The present invention is based on the development characteristics of ancient grooves, and uses the fractal principle to predict the planar distribution of ancient grooves to guide exploration deployment. Although the ancient grooves have complex landforms with crisscrossing valleys, from the perspective of modern mathematics, they have obvious fractal characteristics both at the macro scale and at the micro scale—"a figure whose components are similar to the whole in some way." From a fractal perspective, the ancient grooves as a whole extend from east to west, presenting a self-similar, multi-level, tree-like bifurcation structure. The secondary ancient grooves are laterally obliquely distributed with the upper ancient grooves, and are continuously subdivided into more branch grooves. The main grooves and branch groove belts are only different in position and scale. The next-level bifurcation structure can be regarded as the result of translation, rotation, and expansion and contraction of the bifurcation structure of the upper ancient groove (such as Figure 4 The middle ancient groove ABCD and the next level ancient groove abcd) satisfy the basic property of fractals - "the components are similar to the whole in some way". The abstraction is the following theoretical model: affine mapping S: R n →R n+1 A mapping of the form:

[0049] S(x)=T(x)+b

[0050] Where T is R n is a linear transformation or quadratic transformation on (which can be expressed as an n×n matrix), and b is R n In the actual prediction of the distribution of ancient grooves, the transformation rule T and vector b are determined by analyzing known data, and the prediction of ancient grooves based on fractal theory can be completed.

[0051] like Figure 1 FIG. 4 shows the main process of the ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory proposed by the present invention, which includes the following steps:

[0052] The first step is to sort out the known paleo-grooves data and draw a preliminary planar distribution map of the known paleo-grooves based on the drilling data;

[0053] Exemplarily, collating known paleo-groove data includes the following steps:

[0054] Obtain paleo-trench data from drilling data or seismic interpretation data;

[0055] The obtained paleo-trench data are checked to see if there are singular values; if there are singular values, the stratified data or seismic interpretation data are rechecked. The singular values ​​are paleo-trench data that exceed the normal range.

[0056] Exemplarily, the planar layout of known ancient trenches can be drawn using industrial drawing software, such as GeoMap3.5 or GeoMap3.6, preferably GeoMap3.6. GeoMap3.6 is an upgraded and expanded version of GeoMap3.5. On the basis of inheriting the successful development experience of the original GeoMap3.5, it integrates the feedback from the majority of users of various oilfield units and improves the performance and expands the functions of GeoMap3.5. Its upgrade direction focuses on the improvement of original functions and the addition of convenient functions. On the basis of simplifying the workflow as much as possible, it facilitates the editing of graphic elements, expands the data mapping function, increases the conversion and processing of other formats of maps, and improves the aesthetics of maps. It makes it more convenient and quick for users to use it to make various geological plane maps, profiles, statistical maps, geographic maps, engineering plane maps and other professional maps.

[0057] The second step is to coarsen the preliminary plane distribution map and divide the preliminary plane distribution map into a plurality of prediction units according to the distribution law and direction of the ancient grooves;

[0058] Specifically, the steps include:

[0059] The preliminary planar distribution map of the ancient trench drawn in the first step is roughened, i.e. modeled, leaving the main, regular, and reliable branches and removing the uncertain parts;

[0060] Different paleo-grooves prediction units are divided according to the different distribution morphologies and patterns of the roughened paleo-grooves.

[0061] The third step is to determine the fractal rules and fractal parameters of the paleo-grooves in different prediction units;

[0062] Specifically, the steps include:

[0063] In different prediction units, the corresponding fractal fitting formula is selected according to their respective fractal characteristics; the fractal characteristics include linear fractal and nonlinear fractal;

[0064] In different prediction units, fractal parameters are obtained based on the selected fractal fitting formula and known paleo-groove nodes.

[0065] The fourth step is to predict the planar distribution of ancient grooves in different prediction units according to the fractal rules and fractal parameters;

[0066] Specifically, the steps include:

[0067] In different prediction units, the positions of key nodes are calculated according to the selected fractal fitting formula and the obtained fractal parameters;

[0068] In industrial mapping software, key nodes are connected to draw the plane layout of the ancient trenches, and the drawn plane layout of the ancient trenches is modified and improved according to the actual geological conditions.

[0069] The method also includes selecting a favorable reservoir development area based on the prediction results and deploying wells in combination with the geological background.

[0070] In order to more clearly illustrate the operation of the above method in practical application and the technical effects that can be achieved, the above method is further described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment proposes a method for predicting ancient grooves based on fractal theory, and its steps are as follows:

[0071] S1: Organize the known paleo-grooves data and draw the plan distribution map of the known paleo-grooves according to the drilling data in the work area;

[0072] The paleo-groove data in this embodiment are mainly obtained through drilling data, and some of the paleo-groove data are shown in Table 1. Of course, in another embodiment of the present invention, the paleo-groove data can also be obtained through seismic interpretation.

[0073] Table 1 Data of paleo-grooves of single wells in the study area (partial)

[0074] well name Horizontal axis Vertical axis Whether it develops Outcropping T321 18743845 4278874.3 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 11 > S169 18780125.9 4259152.7 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 12 > S2 19271071.9 4251492.3 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 21 > S170 18747703.9 4255805.6 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 21 > S172 18743253.9 4239253.7 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 12 > S173 18745146 4213188.3 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 22 > T174 18733262.3 4198002.5 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 31 > S18 18760386.1 4261076.3 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 32 > S190 18733270.3 4209767.6 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 11 > S191 18744021.2 4160455.3 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 12 > S194 18755213.7 4202464.9 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 21 > S196 18758737.9 4195949.3 yes <![CDATA[Horse 5 22 >

[0075] After the data is verified, an industrial drawing software (such as Geomap3.6) is used in this embodiment to draw a planar distribution diagram of the ancient groove map of known data points. The obtained planar distribution diagram of the ancient groove map is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0076] S2: roughening the planar distribution of the ancient grooves and dividing the prediction units;

[0077] right Figure 2 The ancient groove plane distribution map drawn in the paper is coarsened, that is, the main, regular and reliable branches are kept, and the uncertain parts are removed.

[0078] Different paleo-grooves prediction units are divided according to the different morphological patterns of the roughened paleo-grooves. Figure 3 As shown, two prediction units, prediction unit 1 and prediction unit 2, are shown in the figure.

[0079] S3: Determine the fractal rules and fractal parameters of the paleo-grooves in different prediction units;

[0080] (1) In different units, the fractal fitting formula is selected according to the fractal characteristics (i.e., linear fractal, nonlinear fractal). In the work area studied in this embodiment, the main groove and the next-level groove can be regarded as the result of translation, rotation, expansion and contraction, such as Figure 4The main groove ABCD and the secondary groove abcd in the image have the properties of linear fractals, so the linear fractal rule is selected:

[0081] x n+1 =k*x n +e

[0082] y n+1 =g*x n +f

[0083] (2) In different prediction units, fractal parameters are obtained according to the selected fractal fitting formula and the known ancient groove nodes. The fractal parameters include the angle between the main groove and the branch groove, the contraction coefficient of the main groove, the contraction coefficient of the branch groove, and the length of the ancient groove.

[0084] by Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the coordinates of the key nodes A, B, C, and D of the main groove are identified in the drawing software (such as Map3.6) and are (X A ,Y A ),(X B ,Y B ),(X C ,Y C ),(X D ,Y D ), the coordinates of the key nodes a, b, c, and d of the branch groove are (X a ,Y a ), (X b ,Y b ), (X c ,Y c ), (X d ,Y d ), the angle between the main groove AB and the horizontal direction is calculated to be α, the angles between the main groove AB and the branch grooves BD and BC are β and γ respectively, the contraction coefficient of the main groove is v1, and the contraction coefficients of the branch grooves are v2 and v3 respectively. The parameters α, β, γ, v1, v2, v3, and L in this embodiment are calculated by trigonometric functions, and the specific values ​​are shown in Table 2:

[0085] Table 2 Prediction unit fractal parameters

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] From the trigonometric function, we can know that the key nodes a, b, c, d of the branch groove and the key nodes A, B, C, D of the main groove have the following relationship:

[0089]

[0090]

[0091]

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] S4: Predict the planar distribution of paleo-grooves in different units;

[0098] In different prediction units, the key nodes of the next level of paleo-grooves are calculated according to the selected fractal fitting formula and fractal parameters (i.e., the key nodes of each level of unknown paleo-grooves are calculated)

[0099] In the industrial mapping software Geomap3.6, the key nodes at each level are connected and the plan distribution of the ancient grooves is drawn as follows: Figure 5 As shown;

[0100] The planar distribution of the drawn ancient trenches was modified and improved according to the actual geological conditions.

[0101] S5: Combined with the geological background of reservoir formation, exploration deployment was carried out. According to the results of fractal prediction, the reservoir porosity near the ancient trench is between 5% and 13%, and the permeability is between 2.7 and 15.9 mD. The porosity of the area far from the ancient trench is between 0.37% and 7%, and the permeability is between 0.07 and 8.7 mD. Therefore, the A166 well was deployed in the trench network development area. Figure 6 As shown, the well gas test obtained 131,297 cubic meters per day of industrial gas flow.

[0102] Based on the same concept as the embodiment of the method of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a schematic diagram of an ancient groove prediction system based on fractal theory, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, including:

[0103] A drawing unit is used to sort out the known paleo-grooves data and draw a preliminary planar layout of the known paleo-grooves based on the drilling data;

[0104] A division unit is used to coarsen the preliminary plane distribution map and divide the preliminary plane distribution map into a plurality of prediction units according to the distribution law and trend of the ancient grooves;

[0105] Determine the unit, which is used to determine the fractal rules and fractal parameters of the paleo-grooves in different prediction units;

[0106] The prediction unit is used to predict the planar distribution of ancient grooves in different prediction units according to the fractal rules and fractal parameters.

[0107] Based on the same inventive concept, another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device. Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device includes at least one processor 801, at least one communication interface 802, at least one memory 803 and at least one communication bus 804; wherein the processor 801, the communication interface 802 and the memory 803 communicate with each other via the communication bus 804;

[0108] Memory 803, used for storing computer programs;

[0109] The processor 801 is used to implement the ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory when executing the program stored in the memory 803.

[0110] Optionally, the communication interface may be an interface of a communication module, such as an interface of a GSM module; the processor may be a processor CPU, or an application-specific integrated circuit ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. The memory may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. The memory stores a program, and the processor calls the program stored in the memory to execute some or all of the above method embodiments.

[0111] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which implements part or all of the above method embodiments when the program is executed by a processor. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium, for example, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, etc.

[0112] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting ancient grooves based on fractal theory, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Organize the known paleo-grooves data and draw a preliminary planar distribution map of the known paleo-grooves based on the drilling data; Coarsening the preliminary plane distribution map, and dividing the preliminary plane distribution map into a plurality of prediction units according to the distribution law and direction of the ancient grooves; Determine the fractal rules and fractal parameters of paleo-grooves in different prediction units; The planar distribution of ancient grooves in different prediction units is predicted according to the fractal rules and fractal parameters.

2. The ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The collation of known paleo-grooves data includes the following steps: Obtain paleo-trench data from drilling data or seismic interpretation data; Check whether there are singular values ​​in the paleo-trench data. If there are singular values, recheck the drilling data or seismic interpretation data.

3. The ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The preliminary plan layout diagram described in the roughening is specifically as follows: Keep the main, regular and reliable branches in the preliminary plane layout diagram and remove the uncertain branches.

4. The ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Determining the fractal rules and fractal parameters of the ancient grooves in different prediction units includes the following steps: In different prediction units, the fractal fitting formula is selected according to the fractal characteristics of the ancient grooves in each prediction unit; The fractal parameters are obtained according to the selected fractal fitting formula and the known ancient groove nodes, and the fractal parameters include the angle between the main groove and the branch groove, the contraction coefficient of the main groove and the branch groove, and the length of the ancient groove.

5. The ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The fractal characteristics of the ancient grooves include linear fractal and nonlinear fractal; If the ancient groove is a linear fractal, a linear fitting formula is selected; if the ancient groove is a nonlinear fitting, a nonlinear fitting formula is selected.

6. The ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The fractal parameters are obtained based on the selected fractal fitting formula and the known ancient groove nodes, including the following steps: Determine the coordinates of the key nodes of the known main grooves and branch grooves; The fractal parameters are calculated according to the coordinates of the key nodes and the fractal fitting formula.

7. The ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Predicting the planar distribution of ancient grooves in different prediction units according to the fractal rules and fractal parameters includes the following steps: In different prediction units, the key nodes of the next level of unknown paleo-grooves are calculated according to the selected fractal fitting formula and fractal parameters; Connect each key node in the industrial mapping software to draw the plane layout of the ancient grooves; The planar distribution of the drawn ancient trenches was modified and improved according to the actual geological conditions.

8. An ancient groove prediction system based on fractal theory, characterized in that: include: A drawing unit is used to sort out the known paleo-grooves data and draw a preliminary planar layout of the known paleo-grooves based on the drilling data; A division unit is used to coarsen the preliminary plane distribution map and divide the preliminary plane distribution map into a plurality of prediction units according to the distribution law and trend of the ancient grooves; Determine the unit, which is used to determine the fractal rules and fractal parameters of the paleo-grooves in different prediction units; The prediction unit is used to predict the planar distribution of ancient grooves in different prediction units according to the fractal rules and fractal parameters.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory for storing computer programs; The processor is used to implement the ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory described in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the program stored in the memory.

10. A storage medium for storing a computer-readable program, characterized in that: When the computer-readable program is executed, the ancient groove prediction method based on fractal theory as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is executed.

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