Platform and method for testing influence of air conditioner on flue gas flow in train fire

Abstract

The invention provides an experimental platform and method for the influence of an air conditioner on flue gas flow in a train fire, and the experimental platform comprises a reduced-size rail vehicle body which is a train body model constructed according to a real train body and a preset scale ratio, and the reduced-size rail vehicle body is internally provided with an experimental region and a flue gas buffer region; the air conditioning system is arranged in the reduced-size railway vehicle body and is used for adjusting the temperature in the reduced-size railway vehicle body and uniformly supplying air into the reduced-size railway vehicle body; the total measurement system is arranged in the body of the reduced-size railway vehicle and is used for measuring the temperature and smoke flow characteristics in the body of the reduced-size railway vehicle; the fire simulation system is arranged in the body of the reduced-size railway vehicle and comprises methanol and a smoke generating component. Therefore, the invention provides the reduced-size experimental platform to verify the influence of the air conditioner on the flue gas flow in the train fire, so that the problems that a large amount of manpower and financial resources are consumed and the experimental state is difficult to master can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of train fire safety technology, and in particular to an experimental platform and method for studying the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire. Background Art

[0002] Rail transit train compartments are small, airtight and densely populated. Once a fire occurs, high-temperature smoke and heat spread rapidly, the temperature in the compartment rises rapidly, visibility drops sharply, and it is very difficult for people to escape, which can easily cause particularly serious safety accidents with mass casualties and severe social impacts. When the doors are closed, the airtightness of subway vehicles is good. Therefore, when a fire occurs, it is necessary to determine how to reasonably adjust the smoke conditions in the compartment to reduce the harm of the fire to the safety of people's lives. For this problem, if experiments are conducted directly on full-size trains, it will cost a lot of manpower and financial resources, and the experimental conditions are difficult to control, making it difficult to obtain a large amount of reliable experimental data. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide an experimental platform and method for studying the influence of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire. By providing a scaled-down experimental platform and verifying the influence of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire on the scaled-down experimental platform, the problem of consuming a large amount of manpower and financial resources and the difficulty in mastering the experimental status can be effectively solved.

[0004] The present application embodiment provides an experimental platform for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire, the experimental platform comprising: a reduced-size rail vehicle body, an air conditioning system, a total measurement system, and a fire simulation system, wherein:

[0005] The reduced-size rail vehicle body is a train body model constructed according to a real train body at a preset scale ratio, and an experimental area and a smoke buffer zone are provided in the reduced-size rail vehicle body;

[0006] The air conditioning system is arranged in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and is used to adjust the temperature in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and to evenly supply air into the reduced-size rail vehicle body;

[0007] The overall measurement system is arranged in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and is used to measure the temperature and smoke flow characteristics in the reduced-size rail vehicle body;

[0008] The fire simulation system is arranged in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and includes methanol and a smoke-generating component.

[0009] Optionally, one side of the reduced-size rail vehicle body is an observation side, and the other side is a door opening side, and the door opening side includes a set of doors;

[0010] The observation side of the reduced-size rail vehicle body uses fireproof glass, and the structural materials of the remaining parts all use fireproof gypsum boards.

[0011] Optionally, the body structure of the reduced-size rail vehicle body is connected by angle steel; the connection between the glass and the fireproof gypsum board is connected by high-temperature resistant glass glue and sealed by aluminum foil tape.

[0012] Optionally, the air conditioning system includes an air conditioning unit, an air supply duct and an air supply outlet in the vehicle;

[0013] The air conditioning unit is suspended and arranged above the experimental area, and the air conditioning unit has at least a temperature adjustment mode and a ventilation mode;

[0014] The air supply pipe adopts a reduced diameter process to evenly supply air into the vehicle through the air supply port in the vehicle;

[0015] The air supply pipe is provided with a butterfly valve for adjusting the air supply volume.

[0016] Optionally, the overall measurement system includes a temperature measurement system and a flue gas flow observation system, wherein:

[0017] The temperature measurement system includes a data acquisition module and a plurality of K-type thermocouples, wherein the data acquisition module is used to obtain the measured temperature of each K-type thermocouple in real time during the experiment;

[0018] The smoke flow observation system includes a laser sheet light source and a high temperature lens camera; the laser sheet light source is used to color the smoke in the car during the experiment;

[0019] The high temperature lens camera is used to record the flow characteristics of the smoke after coloring.

[0020] Optionally, the installation positions of the multiple K-type thermocouples include: longitudinally below the roof of the vehicle compartment, at the characteristic height of human eyes, and laterally below the vehicle door.

[0021] Optionally, the smoke-generating component includes a smoke cake and a moxa stick, and the smoke-generating device and methanol are placed in a customized oil pan and ignited simultaneously at the beginning of the experiment.

[0022] The present application also provides an experimental method for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire, which is applied to the above-mentioned experimental platform. The experimental method includes:

[0023] According to the fire heat release rate and burning time required by the experiment, the target amount of methanol used in this experiment is determined;

[0024] The target amount of methanol and smoke generating components in the control oil pan are ignited at the same time, and the air conditioning system is controlled to work according to the predetermined working mode, and the overall measurement system is started;

[0025] When the end condition of this experiment is reached, the total data collected by the total measurement system in this experiment is analyzed to generate a single experimental result of the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow;

[0026] All single experimental results are analyzed to generate comprehensive experimental results of the impact of air conditioning on smoke flow.

[0027] An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the electronic device is running, the processor and the memory communicate via the bus, and when the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned experimental method are performed.

[0028] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned experimental method are executed.

[0029] An embodiment of the present application provides an experimental platform and method for the influence of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire, the experimental platform comprising: a reduced-size rail vehicle body, an air conditioning system, a total measurement system, and a fire simulation system, wherein: the reduced-size rail vehicle body is a train body model constructed according to a real train body at a preset scale ratio, and an experimental area and a smoke buffer zone are provided in the reduced-size rail vehicle body; the air conditioning system is arranged in the reduced-size rail vehicle body, and is used to regulate the temperature in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and to uniformly supply air to the reduced-size rail vehicle body; the total measurement system is arranged in the reduced-size rail vehicle body, and is used to measure the temperature in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and the smoke flow characteristics; the fire simulation system is arranged in the reduced-size rail vehicle body, and comprises methanol and a smoke-generating component.

[0030] In this way, the experimental platform uses a scaled-down train body model, making the experiment more economical and easier to control. The model includes an experimental area and a smoke buffer zone inside the carriage, simulating the narrow space and airtightness characteristics of an actual train in a closed state, ensuring the realism of the experiment. An air-conditioning system is integrated in the scaled-down car body, which can adjust the temperature in the carriage and evenly supply air. This design simulates the effect of real train air conditioning on smoke flow under fire conditions, and can study how different operating modes of the air-conditioning system (such as wind speed and air supply direction) slow down the spread of smoke, providing a reference for optimizing air-conditioning operation during fire. In addition, a measurement system is set up to obtain the temperature and smoke flow characteristics in the carriage, which can help analyze the distribution and diffusion rate of smoke at the initial stage of the fire, as well as the effect of the intervention of the air-conditioning system on smoke flow and temperature, thereby providing key data support for the formulation of safety strategies. The fire simulation system uses methanol as a combustion source, combined with a smoke-generating component to generate a controllable smoke environment, which can truly restore the high-temperature smoke characteristics under fire, allowing researchers to observe the effect of the air-conditioning system on smoke flow under conditions of different fire scales and fire source locations. In summary, this experimental platform achieves the experimental needs of train fire smoke flow research at a relatively low cost through a scaled-down car model and a precisely controlled fire simulation system. It is also highly controllable and can obtain large amounts of reliable data, which helps to optimize fire emergency plans.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an experimental platform for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the air supply duct of an experimental platform for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of temperature measurement points in an experimental platform for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 4A schematic flow chart of an experimental method for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application usually described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, each other embodiment obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belongs to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] Rail transit train compartments are small, airtight and densely populated. Once a fire occurs, high-temperature smoke and heat spread rapidly, the temperature in the compartment rises rapidly, visibility drops sharply, and it is very difficult for people to escape, which can easily cause particularly serious safety accidents with mass casualties and severe social impacts. When the doors are closed, the airtightness of subway vehicles is good. Therefore, when a fire occurs, it is necessary to determine how to reasonably adjust the smoke conditions in the compartment to reduce the harm of the fire to the safety of people's lives. For this problem, if experiments are conducted directly on full-size trains, it will cost a lot of manpower and financial resources, and the experimental conditions are difficult to control, making it difficult to obtain a large amount of reliable experimental data.

[0040] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides an experimental platform and method for studying the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire. By providing a scaled-down experimental platform and verifying the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire on the scaled-down experimental platform, the problem of consuming a large amount of manpower and financial resources and the difficulty in mastering the experimental status can be effectively solved.

[0041] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an experimental platform for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the experimental platform includes: a reduced-size rail vehicle body 3, an air conditioning system (not all of which are shown in the figure), a total measurement system (not shown in the figure), and a fire simulation system (not shown in the figure), wherein:

[0042] The reduced-size rail vehicle body 3 is a train body model constructed according to a real train body at a preset scale ratio, and an experimental area and a smoke buffer zone are provided in the reduced-size rail vehicle body 3 .

[0043] Generally, half of the reduced-size rail vehicle body 3 is used as an experimental area, and the other half is used as a cache area.

[0044] Here, the scale ratio can be selected according to relevant criteria. For example, the scale ratio selected in this solution can be 1:2, so that the scale ratio of the constructed experimental platform to the actual size is also 1:2.

[0045] It should be noted that if the reduction scale is too small (i.e., the characteristic length is less than 0.3 m), the mixed flow of smoke cannot be turbulent. Considering the symmetrical distribution of the ventilation system in the subway train along the axial center line, the reduction scale ratio of the model is determined to be 1:2.

[0046] Among them, one side of the reduced-size rail vehicle body is the observation side, and the other side is the door opening side, and the door opening side includes a group of doors; the observation side of the reduced-size rail vehicle body 3 uses fireproof glass, and the structural materials of the remaining parts are all fireproof gypsum boards.

[0047] For example, the right side of the vehicle body can be determined as the observation side, and the left side of the vehicle body can be determined as the door opening side. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply duct of an experimental platform for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire provided in this application. Figure 2 As shown, serial number 6 is the observation side. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The sequence number 5 is a group of doors included in the door opening side. Here, a group of doors can be understood as a plurality of doors included in the door opening side.

[0048] The material of the door 5 is consistent with that of the vehicle body. After punching holes and installing pull rings on the door 5, multiple experimenters can simultaneously simulate the opening and closing of the door on one side of the subway. When the door 5 is in a closed state, the door 5 can be fixed to the vehicle body.

[0049] It should be noted that the method of determining the two sides of the train body mainly depends on the position and direction of the observer. On the train, the driver sits on the driver's seat, the right side of the driver is the right side of the train, and the left side is the left side of the train. The train in this solution is specifically a subway train.

[0050] The observation side of the reduced-size rail vehicle body 3 uses fireproof glass (which can withstand temperatures exceeding 500°C. Thus, it can directly withstand methanol flame combustion without deformation or cracking), which can facilitate observation of the fire test state inside the vehicle, such as observation and recording of smoke flow characteristics inside the vehicle during the experiment.

[0051] The structural materials of the reduced-size rail vehicle body 3 except the observation side are all made of fireproof gypsum boards, which may specifically include: the body roof and the door side wall are made of fireproof gypsum boards.

[0052] Fireproof gypsum board is a material with good fire resistance (it can withstand high temperature of 900℃), which can delay the spread of fire and protect the safety of passengers. Fireproof gypsum board is usually made by adding special fireproof additives, which can maintain the integrity of the structure in high temperature environment and inhibit the release of harmful smoke. It is suitable for vehicle interior structures with high requirements for fire resistance.

[0053] The body structure of the reduced-size rail vehicle body is connected by angle steel; the connection between the glass and the fireproof gypsum board is connected by high-temperature resistant glass glue and sealed by aluminum foil tape.

[0054] In the car body structure of the reduced-size rail vehicle, various parts of the car body are connected by angle steel. This structural method provides good support and anti-seismic performance, ensuring the stability and durability of the car body during operation.

[0055] At the joints between the glass and the fireproof gypsum board, high-temperature resistant glass glue is used for bonding to ensure the reliability of the joints in high-temperature environments. This glass glue can not only withstand high temperatures, but also has good bonding strength to prevent the joints from loosening or failing due to temperature changes. In addition, in order to further improve the sealing effect, aluminum foil tape is also used for sealing at the joints. Aluminum foil tape has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and smoke barrier, which can effectively prevent heat and smoke from leaking at the joints and improve the fire resistance of the entire structure.

[0056] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the air-conditioning system includes an air-conditioning unit (not shown in the figure), an air supply pipe 1 and an air supply outlet 7 in the vehicle; the air-conditioning unit is arranged above the experimental area in a suspended form, and the air-conditioning unit has at least a temperature adjustment mode and a ventilation mode; the air supply pipe 1 adopts a diameter reduction treatment to uniformly supply air to the vehicle through the air supply outlet in the vehicle; the air supply pipe 1 contains a butterfly valve for adjusting the air supply volume.

[0057] The air supply pipe adopts a diameter reduction treatment, that is, a diameter reduction branch pipe 2 is installed on the air supply pipe. The air supply pipe contains a butterfly valve for adjusting the air supply volume. Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown in serial number 4.

[0058] The air conditioning system is designed based on the air conditioning system in the actual train. The air conditioning system is designed to provide temperature control and ventilation functions to ensure the comfort and air quality in the experimental area. Specifically, the system consists of three key parts: air conditioning unit, air supply duct and air supply vent in the car.

[0059] The air conditioning unit is the core equipment of the entire air conditioning system, responsible for regulating the temperature and humidity of the air. This air conditioning unit is installed above the experimental area in a hoisting form. This way, ground space can be saved and the equipment can be prevented from interfering with the operating space in the experimental area. The unit supports at least two modes: Temperature adjustment mode: used to adjust the temperature of the experimental area to suit different environmental requirements. This mode allows the air to be heated or cooled to maintain a constant temperature in the experimental area to ensure the stability of the experimental environment. Ventilation mode: This mode provides pure air circulation without temperature adjustment. This is very important to keep the air fresh and dispel odors or pollutants in the car, especially when there are many people or equipment in the experimental area.

[0060] The air supply duct is responsible for guiding the air output by the air conditioning unit to the air outlet in the car and achieving uniform air supply. The air supply duct adopts a variable diameter treatment, that is, its diameter is gradually changed in certain areas of the duct to optimize the air volume distribution. The variable diameter treatment can effectively solve the pressure drop problem of air flow, so that the pressure of air is evenly distributed when it flows through different areas, ensuring the consistency of the air supply effect in the entire car space and avoiding the phenomenon of uneven heating and cooling.

[0061] A butterfly valve is installed on the air supply pipe to control the air volume passing through the pipe. The butterfly valve is a rotary valve that can flexibly control the air volume by adjusting its opening and closing angle. When the air supply volume needs to be reduced, the butterfly valve can be partially closed; when the air supply volume needs to be increased, the butterfly valve can be fully opened. This design improves the flexibility of the air conditioning system and can accurately adjust the air volume according to the air demand in the car to ensure that the air supply volume and temperature meet the comfortable standards.

[0062] The end of the air conditioning system is the in-vehicle air outlet, which is the outlet where air is directed to the interior space through the air supply duct. These air outlets are usually arranged in areas that are easily affected by passengers, such as above the seats or on the top of the car, to ensure that the air flow covers the entire interior space. The design of the in-vehicle air outlet has been optimized so that the air can be blown evenly throughout the car, avoiding blowing directly on the passengers, improving riding comfort.

[0063] Among them, the air supply duct 1 is also the main air duct. The air supply duct 1 and the variable diameter branch pipe 2 are designed and manufactured according to the "Practical Air Conditioning Design Manual" according to the experimental air volume requirements. The pipes are connected by flanges, and double-sided foam glue is arranged at the connection. The air duct is wrapped with insulation material to reduce heat loss. The variable diameter branch pipe 2 adopts a variable diameter design to consider the uniform air supply of the air supply port 7, and cooperates with each air duct valve 4 to adjust the terminal air volume to achieve uniform air supply. The air supply of the air supply duct 1 comes from the air conditioning refrigeration equipment. The air supply volume and air supply temperature can be adjusted according to the experimental working conditions. Among them, manual adjustment can be used.

[0064] The air outlet 7 simulates the air outlet of the subway air conditioner. The implementation method is to open a hole in the top plate according to the reduced size, arrange the variable diameter branch pipe 2 on the air outlet 7, and complete the air supply process of the experimental platform.

[0065] The experimental platform also includes a measurement system, and the overall measurement system includes a temperature measurement system and a smoke flow observation system, wherein: the temperature measurement system includes a data acquisition module and multiple K-type thermocouples, and the data acquisition module is used to obtain the measured temperature of each K-type thermocouple in real time during the experiment; the smoke flow observation system includes a laser sheet light source and a high-temperature lens camera; the laser sheet light source is used to color the smoke in the car during the experiment; the high-temperature lens camera is used to record the flow characteristics of the colored smoke.

[0066] Here, the experimental platform is equipped with a total measurement system that can monitor and observe the temperature and flue gas flow in real time, facilitating in-depth analysis of the thermodynamic and aerodynamic characteristics in the experimental environment.

[0067] K-type thermocouples have a wide temperature measurement range (approximately -200°C to +1350°C), are resistant to high temperatures, and have high sensitivity, making them suitable for use in a variety of experimental environments. Multiple K-type thermocouples are installed at different locations inside the vehicle to obtain comprehensive temperature distribution information. They can respond quickly to temperature changes and provide accurate temperature measurement data during the experiment.

[0068] The installation positions of the multiple K-type thermocouples include: longitudinally below the roof of the vehicle compartment, at the characteristic height of human eyes, and transversely below the vehicle door.

[0069] For examples, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of temperature measurement points in an experimental platform for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire provided in this application. Figure 3 As shown, the experimental temperature measurement points are divided into three groups, with temperature measurement point 8 arranged along the horizontal direction of the door, temperature measurement point 9 along the longitudinal center line of the top plate, and measurement point 10 at the eye level. The measurement points use K-type thermocouples. The thermocouples below the top plate are arranged at a height of 2.5 cm below the longitudinal center line of the top plate, with an interval of 0.5 m; the thermocouples at the eye level are arranged at a height of 30 cm below the longitudinal center line of the top plate, with an interval of 0.76 m; the thermocouples along the horizontal direction below the door are arranged 2.5 cm below the top plate along the center line of the door, with an interval of 0.3 m. After the measurement points are arranged, drill holes in the fireproof gypsum board and insert the thermocouples to the specified depth. Use fireproof clay to fix the thermocouples. After the fireproof clay is dry, cover it with aluminum foil tape to prevent smoke leakage.

[0070] The data acquisition module in the temperature measurement system is responsible for collecting and processing the temperature data from each thermocouple. It can collect and transmit data in real time during the experiment, and record the temperature changes in the database or monitoring system. Through this module, the experimenter can view the temperature data of each thermocouple position in real time, analyze the temperature change trend, and ensure the accuracy and traceability of the experimental results. For example, the data acquisition module can use the Agilent 34980 temperature acquisition instrument.

[0071] In the smoke flow observation system, the laser sheet light source is arranged on the side of the experimental device, and three photographic devices (high-temperature lens cameras) are arranged. The photographic angles are a panoramic view of the front view of the experimental platform, a 45-degree angle along the experimental platform, and a close-up of the fire source. The photographic device uses a high-temperature resistant lens, which can stably and clearly record the smoke flow characteristics in the high-temperature environment of the fire experiment.

[0072] The experimental platform also includes a fire simulation system, in which the smoke-generating components include smoke cakes and moxa sticks. The smoke-generating device and methanol are placed in a customized oil pan and ignited simultaneously at the beginning of the experiment.

[0073] Here, methanol is used as fuel. Methanol burns relatively stably and has high combustion efficiency. After complete combustion, the products generated are carbon dioxide and water. Fire simulation experiments can be carried out safely in the laboratory. Under good ventilation conditions, the heat release rate of methanol combustion is only related to the combustion area. After the fire heat release rate is scaled down according to experimental requirements, an oil pan is designed and customized, and methanol is placed in the oil pan. The smoke-generating component is a mixture of smoke cakes and moxa sticks. At the beginning of the experiment, methanol and the smoke-generating component are ignited at the same time. Under the dyeing effect of the laser sheet light source, the experimental results of the influence of air conditioning on the flow characteristics of smoke under fire can be clearly recorded.

[0074] Methanol and smoke cakes are ignited simultaneously to simulate the fire plume produced by subway train fire. The fire simulation system can be located at typical fire locations such as end corners and the middle of the carriage.

[0075] Based on the same inventive concept, an experimental method corresponding to the experimental platform is also provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0076] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 The following is a flow chart of an experimental method for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown in , the experimental method includes:

[0077] S401. Determine the target amount of methanol used in this experiment based on the fire heat release rate and combustion time required by the experiment.

[0078] S402, controlling the target amount of methanol and the smoke-generating component in the oil pan to be ignited at the same time, controlling the air-conditioning system to work according to a predetermined working mode, and starting the overall measurement system to work.

[0079] S403. When the end condition of this experiment is reached, the total data collected by the total measurement system in this experiment is analyzed to generate a single experimental result of the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow.

[0080] S404. Analyze all single test results to generate comprehensive test results of the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow.

[0081] Before executing step S401, it is necessary to perform pre-experimental preparation work, including:

[0082] Check the structural integrity of the experimental platform, check whether there are holes in the joints of the various parts of the reduced-size rail vehicle body 3, and check the air tightness of the reduced-size rail vehicle body 3. Check whether the air-conditioning system can operate normally, turn on the air-conditioning system, and let the temperature inside the car drop to the air-conditioning set temperature point. Check whether the temperature measuring points 8 arranged horizontally along the door, the temperature measuring points 9 along the longitudinal center line of the top plate, and the measuring points 10 at the height of the human eye in the total measurement system are in normal positions, whether the monitoring is operating normally, whether the laser light source is operating normally, and whether the photography and recording system is normal. Check whether the observation side (fireproof glass) 6 is cracked or deformed, and whether there is fire dust that affects the experimental observation.

[0083] For step S401, according to the experimental design requirements, the heat release rate and continuous burning time of the fire need to be set first. The heat release rate is a key indicator for measuring the intensity of the fire, and the burning time indicates the duration of the fire. Based on these two parameters, the amount of methanol required for the experiment is calculated to ensure that the simulated fire can achieve the expected fire intensity and duration.

[0084] For example, if the experiment requires a heat release rate of 50 kW and a duration of 10 minutes, the target usage of methanol can be calculated by the combustion heat of methanol.

[0085] For step S402, at the beginning of the experiment, the methanol placed in the oil pan (according to the target usage calculated in step S401) and the smoke generating component are ignited at the same time. The smoke generating component is used to generate observable smoke to facilitate the subsequent analysis of the flow characteristics of the smoke. After ignition, the air conditioning system starts to operate according to the predetermined working mode of the experiment to simulate different ventilation and temperature adjustment conditions. At the same time, the measurement system, including the temperature measurement and smoke flow observation system, is started to collect experimental data in real time.

[0086] The moment when methanol and smoke-generating components are ignited is the start time of the experiment.

[0087] The air conditioning mode corresponding to different experiments may be different. The operation mode of the air conditioning system, including the air supply volume and air supply temperature, can be adjusted according to the experimental working condition design. For example, the air conditioning mode can be set to use fresh air for air supply, and the air supply volume of a single unit can be set to 890m 3 / h, the air supply temperature is 20℃.

[0088] For step S403, when the experimental conditions reach the predetermined end conditions (such as reaching the door opening time, or the methanol is completely burned), the experiment is stopped. Next, the data collected by the measurement system in this experiment are analyzed. By analyzing these data, the impact of the air conditioning system on the flow of smoke in the car in this specific mode can be obtained. These data include temperature distribution, smoke flow path and diffusion rate.

[0089] For example, if data analysis shows that the smoke is significantly carried and dispersed by the air conditioning airflow, it means that the air conditioning has a significant impact on the smoke flow.

[0090] In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy of a single experiment, each experimental condition is repeated multiple times (for example, three times).

[0091] For step S404, after completing all single experiments, all experimental results are summarized and comprehensively analyzed to form an overall conclusion on the impact of the air conditioning system on the smoke flow. By comparing the single experimental results under different experimental conditions, the overall impact of the air conditioning system on the smoke diffusion pattern under different air volume and temperature settings can be found.

[0092] In this way, by comparing the experimental results without turning on the air conditioner, the impact of turning on the air conditioner can be understood.

[0093] In addition, after the experiment, check whether the fire source in the fire simulation system has been completely burned out. If the smoke-generating parts have not been completely burned out, they need to be extinguished, and the smoke and residues generated by the smoke-generating parts should be cleaned up. Open the laboratory ventilation windows and ventilation equipment to exhaust the experimental smoke. After the experimental platform has completely cooled to room temperature, the next experiment can be started.

[0094] In this way, by setting the amount of methanol used, the scale of the fire can be precisely controlled according to the heat release rate and burning time of the fire, ensuring the authenticity and repeatability of the fire scene. This control enables the experiment to simulate the generation and diffusion of smoke in a real train fire, which is convenient for subsequent data analysis. After igniting the methanol and the smoke-generating components, the system starts the air conditioner and activates the measuring equipment to record the temperature, smoke concentration, flow path and other data in the car during the fire in real time. Through comprehensive data acquisition, the diffusion characteristics of smoke in the car can be dynamically monitored, providing high-precision experimental data for analyzing the effect of the air conditioning system on the smoke flow. After each experiment is completed, the measurement system data is extracted and analyzed to generate a single experimental result of the effect of the air conditioning system on the smoke flow in a specific mode. Through multiple experiments, the single experimental results in each mode are systematically collected and analyzed to generate a comprehensive result of the effect of the air conditioning system on the smoke flow under fire conditions. The comprehensive experimental results can reveal the smoke diffusion effect of different air conditioning modes (such as high air volume and low air volume), provide a scientific basis for the design of train air conditioning, and optimize the air circulation and smoke exhaust scheme under fire scenarios. Therefore, this scheme provides scientific support for the research on the ventilation and smoke exhaust effects of air-conditioning systems in fires, which helps to improve the emergency response level of trains in fire situations.

[0095] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown in , the electronic device 500 includes a processor 510 , a memory 520 and a bus 530 .

[0096] The memory 520 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 510. When the electronic device 500 is running, the processor 510 communicates with the memory 520 via the bus 530. When the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor 510, the above-mentioned Figure 4 The specific implementation of the steps of the experimental method in the method embodiment shown can be found in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0097] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program can execute the above-mentioned Figure 4 The specific implementation of the steps of the experimental method in the method embodiment shown can be found in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0098] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0099] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0100] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0101] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0102] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product, or in other words, the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-mentioned embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An experimental platform for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire, characterized in that: The experimental platform includes: a reduced-size rail vehicle body, an air conditioning system, a total measurement system, and a fire simulation system, wherein: The reduced-size rail vehicle body is a train body model constructed according to a real train body at a preset scale ratio, and an experimental area and a smoke buffer zone are provided in the reduced-size rail vehicle body; The air conditioning system is arranged in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and is used to adjust the temperature in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and to evenly supply air into the reduced-size rail vehicle body; The overall measurement system is arranged in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and is used to measure the temperature and smoke flow characteristics in the reduced-size rail vehicle body; The fire simulation system is arranged in the reduced-size rail vehicle body and includes methanol and a smoke-generating component.

2. The experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the reduced-size rail vehicle body is an observation side, and the other side is a door opening side, and the door opening side includes a set of doors; The observation side of the reduced-size rail vehicle body uses fireproof glass, and the structural materials of the remaining parts all use fireproof gypsum boards.

3. The experimental platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The body structure of the reduced-size rail vehicle body is connected by angle steel; the connection between the glass and the fireproof gypsum board is connected by high-temperature resistant glass glue and sealed by aluminum foil tape.

4. The experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air conditioning system includes an air conditioning unit, an air supply duct and an air supply outlet in the vehicle; The air conditioning unit is suspended and arranged above the experimental area, and the air conditioning unit has at least a temperature adjustment mode and a ventilation mode; The air supply pipe adopts a reduced diameter process to evenly supply air into the vehicle through the air supply port in the vehicle; The air supply pipe is provided with a butterfly valve for adjusting the air supply volume.

5. The experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall measurement system includes a temperature measurement system and a flue gas flow observation system, wherein: The temperature measurement system includes a data acquisition module and a plurality of K-type thermocouples, wherein the data acquisition module is used to obtain the measured temperature of each K-type thermocouple in real time during the experiment; The smoke flow observation system includes a laser sheet light source and a high temperature lens camera; the laser sheet light source is used to color the smoke in the car during the experiment; The high temperature lens camera is used to record the flow characteristics of the smoke after coloring.

6. The experimental platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The installation positions of the multiple K-type thermocouples include: longitudinally below the roof of the vehicle compartment, at the characteristic height of human eyes, and transversely below the vehicle door.

7. The experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke-generating component includes a smoke cake and a moxa stick. The smoke-generating component and methanol are placed in a customized oil pan and ignited at the same time when the experiment begins.

8. An experimental method for the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow during a train fire, characterized in that: Applied to the experimental platform described in any one of claims 1 to 7, the experimental method comprises: According to the fire heat release rate and burning time required by the experiment, the target amount of methanol used in this experiment is determined; The target amount of methanol and smoke generating components in the oil pan are controlled to be ignited at the same time, and the air conditioning system is controlled to work according to the predetermined working mode, and the overall measurement system is started; When the end condition of this experiment is reached, the total data collected by the total measurement system in this experiment is analyzed to generate a single experimental result of the effect of air conditioning on smoke flow; All single experimental results are analyzed to generate comprehensive experimental results of the impact of air conditioning on smoke flow.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, a memory and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor. When the electronic device is running, the processor and the memory communicate through the bus, and the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor to execute the steps of the experimental method as described in claim 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the experimental method according to claim 8 are executed.

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