Miniaturized millimeter wave high-power and high-efficiency variable-frequency amplifier structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniaturized millimeter wave high-power and high-efficiency variable-frequency amplifier structure which comprises a miniaturized variable-frequency driving module, a miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module and a power supply monitoring module. According to the millimeter wave power amplifier designed by the invention, the power division combining and power amplification module is designed by adopting a 3D structure, the longitudinal space is effectively utilized in a power divider and a combiner through the use of a plurality of E-plane bent waveguide tubes and 90-degree twisted waveguides, and the overall size of a miniaturized final-stage power amplification module is reduced; the power amplifier tubes participating in combination meet the index requirements of the whole machine; in addition, the frequency conversion module and the driving module are also designed in an integrated mode, a 3D structure is adopted to make full use of the longitudinal space, the designed frequency conversion driving module, the final-stage power amplifier module and the power supply monitoring module are also arranged in a laminated mode, and finally the problems of miniaturization and high efficiency are solved at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave power amplifiers, and in particular to a miniaturized millimeter wave high-power and high-efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure. Background Art

[0002] Millimeter waves (mmWave) refer to electromagnetic waves with a wavelength between 1 and 10 mm, and the corresponding frequency range is approximately between 30 GHz and 300 GHz. Due to the wide spectrum of millimeter waves and excellent bandwidth utilization, millimeter wave communications are widely used in 5G communications and radar communication systems.

[0003] However, due to the current constraints of single-tube process performance and heat dissipation issues, achieving high-power power amplification in the millimeter-wave frequency band requires the integration of multiple power amplifiers for power amplification operations. In addition, the frequency converter also needs to be integrated, resulting in the high-power power amplifiers in the millimeter-wave frequency band being relatively large in size, which in turn restricts the development and application of millimeter-wave systems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a miniaturized millimeter-wave high-power and high-efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a miniaturized millimeter-wave high-power and high-efficiency variable frequency amplifier structure, including a miniaturized variable frequency drive module, a miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module and a power monitoring module; wherein the power monitoring module is connected to a power signal input, and an output is respectively connected to the miniaturized variable frequency drive module and the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module; the miniaturized variable frequency drive module is connected to an intermediate frequency signal input and a reference signal input, performs frequency conversion driving on the input intermediate frequency signal to obtain a waveguide signal, and outputs the waveguide signal to the input of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module; the output of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module is output as a radio frequency signal.

[0006] Furthermore, the miniaturized frequency conversion drive module is a rectangular structure, which includes a secondary frequency conversion and drive board, an internal and external reference signal board, a high local oscillator multiplier board, and an intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board; wherein the secondary frequency conversion and drive board is located within one-third of the width of one long side of the rectangular structure; the internal and external reference signal board, the high local oscillator multiplier board, and the intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board are located within two-thirds of the width of the other long side of the rectangular structure, and the internal and external reference signal board and the high local oscillator multiplier board are stacked on the intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board.

[0007] Furthermore, the miniaturized frequency conversion drive module specifically includes a secondary mixer, a high local oscillator frequency multiplier, a drive amplifier, a voltage-controlled attenuator, a switch filter, a drive power amplifier, an internal and external reference signal selection circuit, a primary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit, a secondary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit and an intermediate frequency amplifier circuit; wherein the secondary mixer, the high local oscillator frequency multiplier, the drive amplifier, the voltage-controlled attenuator, the switch filter and the drive power amplifier are placed on the secondary frequency conversion and drive board; the internal and external reference signal selection circuit is placed on the internal and external reference signal board; the primary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit and the secondary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit are placed on the high local oscillator frequency multiplier board; and the intermediate frequency amplifier circuit is placed on the intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board.

[0008] Furthermore, the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module includes a one-to-three power splitter, a final-stage power amplifier module, and a three-in-one combiner;

[0009] The one-to-three power divider is used to output a first waveguide signal, a second waveguide signal and a third waveguide signal of equal power, and the output phases of the first waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal are delayed by 90° compared with the second waveguide signal;

[0010] The final stage power amplification module is used to perform power amplification on the first waveguide signal, the second waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal respectively;

[0011] The three-in-one combiner is used to power synthesize the first waveguide signal, the second waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal amplified by the final power amplifier module, and delay the phase of the second waveguide signal by 90°, so that the first waveguide signal, the second waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal have the same output phase, and obtain the combined signal as the RF signal output of the miniaturized final power amplifier module.

[0012] Furthermore, the one-to-three power divider comprises:

[0013] First E-plane bent waveguide: the input end of the first E-plane bent waveguide is connected to the output of the miniaturized variable frequency drive module as the input of the miniaturized final power amplifier module, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the waveguide signal input from the miniaturized variable frequency drive module from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction;

[0014] First 90° twist waveguide: the first 90° twist waveguide input is connected to the output of the first E-plane bent waveguide tube, and is used to twist the polarization direction of the waveguide signal output from the first E-plane bent waveguide tube from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction;

[0015] First H-plane T-junction: the first H-plane T-junction input is connected to the output of the first 90° twisted waveguide, and is used to evenly divide the waveguide signal output from the first 90° twisted waveguide into two waveguide signals, which are input into the first branch and the second branch respectively; a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal is formed on the first branch as the first waveguide signal output, and a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal is formed on the second branch as the third waveguide signal output;

[0016] Second H-plane T-junction: The second H-plane T-junction includes a first input port and a second input port, wherein the first input port is connected to the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output of the first branch, and the second input port is connected to the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output of the second branch, and is used to synthesize the waveguide signals output from the first branch and the second branch into a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal;

[0017] Second 90° twisted waveguide: the second 90° twisted waveguide input is connected to the output of the second H-plane T-junction, and is used to twist the polarization direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the second H-plane T-junction from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction;

[0018] First bent waveguide tube: the first bent waveguide tube input is connected to the first branch output of the first H-plane T-junction, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the second 90° twist waveguide from a horizontal direction to a vertical direction; the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the first bent waveguide tube is output as a second waveguide signal.

[0019] Furthermore, the first branch includes:

[0020] Second E-plane bent waveguide: the second E-plane bent waveguide input is connected to the first branch output of the first H-plane T-junction, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the waveguide signal output from the first H-plane T-junction by 90° in the horizontal direction;

[0021] Multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge: The multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge has an input port, an isolation port, a first output port and a second output port; wherein the input port is connected to the output of the second E-plane bent waveguide tube, and the isolation port is connected to the oblique wave absorbing load; the power ratio between the first output port and the second output port is 2:1; the multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge is used to perform small hole coupling on the waveguide signal input from the second E-plane bent waveguide tube to form a 1 / 3 power waveguide signal and a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal; wherein the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal is output through the first output port, and the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal is output through the second output port;

[0022] A third E-plane bent waveguide and a fourth E-plane bent waveguide are arranged in series: the input of the third E-plane bent waveguide is connected to the first output port of the multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge; the third E-plane bent waveguide and the fourth E-plane bent waveguide are used to twist the transmission direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge by 180° in the horizontal direction;

[0023] Third 90° twist waveguide: the third 90° twist waveguide input is connected to the output of the fourth E-plane bent waveguide tube, and is used to twist the polarization direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the fourth E-plane bent waveguide tube from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction;

[0024] Second bent waveguide: the input of the second bent waveguide is connected to the output of the third 90° twist waveguide, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the third 90° twist waveguide from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction; the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the second bent waveguide is output as the first waveguide signal of the one-to-three power divider;

[0025] The third bent waveguide tube: the input of the third bent waveguide tube is connected to the second output port of the multi-stage waveguide pinhole coupling bridge, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the multi-stage waveguide pinhole coupling bridge by 90° in the horizontal direction; the output of the third bent waveguide tube is output to the second H-plane T-junction as the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal of the first branch.

[0026] Furthermore, the second branch is mirror-symmetrical to the first branch and has the same structure as the first branch, respectively forming a 1 / 3 power waveguide signal and a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal as the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output of the second branch and the third waveguide signal output of the one-to-three power divider.

[0027] Furthermore, the final-stage power amplification module includes a waveguide-microstrip conversion probe, a microstrip T-junction power divider, a power amplifier and a microstrip combiner.

[0028] Furthermore, the three-in-one combiner has a symmetrical structure with the one-to-three power splitter, and specifically the output end of the one-to-three power splitter is used as the input end of the three-in-one combiner, and the input end of the one-to-three power splitter is used as the output end of the three-in-one combiner.

[0029] Furthermore, the miniaturized variable frequency drive module, the miniaturized final stage power amplifier module and the power supply monitoring module are arranged in a stacked manner.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the millimeter wave power amplifier designed by the present invention adopts a 3D stereoscopic structure to design the power splitter and combiner and the power amplification module, and effectively utilizes the longitudinal space by using multiple E-plane bent waveguides and 90° twist waveguides in the power splitter and combiner, reduces the overall volume of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module, and makes the power amplifier tubes involved in the combination just meet the overall machine index requirements; in addition, the present invention also integrates the frequency conversion module and the drive module, adopts a 3D stereoscopic structure to fully utilize the longitudinal space, and the designed frequency conversion drive module, the final-stage power amplifier module and the power supply monitoring module are also arranged in a stacked manner, and finally solves the problems of miniaturization and high efficiency at the same time.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing millimeter wave up-conversion power amplifier module.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing binary final stage power amplifier module.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a top view of the structure of a miniaturized millimeter-wave high-power and high-efficiency variable frequency amplifier of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a physical structure diagram of the miniaturized variable frequency drive module of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the miniaturized frequency conversion drive module of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a front view of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a one-to-three power divider in the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a one-to-three power divider in the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module of the present invention.

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of the final-stage power amplifier module in the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a three-in-one combiner in the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a three-in-one combiner in the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the simulation of the amplitude characteristics of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the simulation of the phase characteristics of the one-to-three power divider in the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the simulation of the phase characteristics of the three-in-one combiner in the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module of the present invention.

[0047] Reference numerals: 1-waveguide-microstrip conversion probe, 2-microstrip combiner, 3-power amplifier, 4-microstrip T-junction power divider DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0049] The schematic diagram of the existing millimeter wave up-conversion power amplifier module structure is as follows Figure 1 At present, the power division synthesis method of the millimeter wave final power amplifier module is mainly realized by waveguide, because in the millimeter wave and above frequency bands, other transmission line methods will produce large losses; the original power division synthesis method 1 uses E-plane (Elevation) or H-plane (Horizontal) waveguide power division junctions. When multiple stages are required, the cascade is performed in binary mode, and the number of cascades is an even power of 2. The specific schematic diagram is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0050] The final power amplifier module in the existing solution is relatively large, which is not conducive to reducing the size and integration of the entire system. Although there is also a method of using the waveguide E-surface fin line method for one-time power synthesis, this method requires a longer fin line waveguide transition section for input and output, which makes the volume larger and cannot achieve odd-numbered power synthesis. Therefore, using the fin line method for synthesis will result in the use of 4 tubes for synthesis when the power requirement can be achieved by using 3 tubes for synthesis, and the final synthesis efficiency becomes low and the cost becomes high.

[0051] In order to solve the shortcomings of the above synthesis method, the present invention proposes a miniaturized millimeter-wave high-power and high-efficiency variable frequency amplifier structure, which specifically includes a miniaturized variable frequency drive module, a miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module and a power monitoring module; wherein the power monitoring module is connected to the power signal input, and the output is respectively connected to the miniaturized variable frequency drive module and the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module; the miniaturized variable frequency drive module is connected to the intermediate frequency signal input and the reference signal input, and the input intermediate frequency signal is frequency-converted and driven to obtain a waveguide signal, and the waveguide signal is output to the input of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module; the output of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module is output as a radio frequency signal.

[0052] The amplifier structure of the present invention is as follows Figure 3 As shown by Figure 3 It can be seen that the miniaturized variable frequency drive module, the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module and the power supply monitoring module of the present invention are arranged in a stacked manner, and comprehensive consideration is given to factors such as heat dissipation, power density, and phase consistency, so that the overall size of the designed power amplifier excluding the longitudinally arranged heat sink is 200mm×150mm×50mm, while achieving the effects of miniaturization and high efficiency.

[0053] Miniaturized variable frequency drive module: Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the miniaturized variable frequency drive module of the embodiment of the present invention is a rectangular structure, which includes a secondary frequency conversion and drive board, an internal and external reference signal board, a high local oscillator frequency multiplier board, and an intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board; wherein, the secondary frequency conversion and drive board is located within one-third of the width of one long side of the rectangular structure; the internal and external reference signal board, the high local oscillator frequency multiplier board, and the intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board are located within two-thirds of the width of the other long side of the rectangular structure, and the internal and external reference signal board and the high local oscillator frequency multiplier board are stacked on the intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board. The embodiment of the present invention places the secondary mixer, high local oscillator frequency multiplier, driving amplifier, voltage-controlled attenuator, switch filter and driving power amplifier in the width range of one-third of the long side of the rectangular structure, which is convenient for heat dissipation and micro-assembly integration, and the internal and external reference signal selection circuit, the primary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit, the secondary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit and the intermediate frequency amplifier circuit are placed on the other long side of the rectangular structure, and are stacked up and down, making full use of the space to reduce the volume of the entire module, and finally the driving output adopts a standard waveguide port to buckle with the input waveguide port of the final power amplifier module, and is tightened with screws, and the module is placed on the upper layer of the final power amplifier module as a whole. The overall size of the module is 100*55*15mm.

[0054] Miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module: The overall schematic diagram of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, it includes a one-to-three power divider, a final power amplifier module and a three-in-one combiner.

[0055] One-to-three power divider: The one-to-three power divider of the embodiment of the present invention is used to form a first waveguide signal, a second waveguide signal and a third waveguide signal output with equal power, and the output phase of the first waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal is delayed by 90° compared with the second waveguide signal.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the one-to-three power divider of the embodiment of the present invention adopts an H-plane T-type power splitter plus a multi-stage waveguide aperture coupling bridge to achieve miniaturization and isolation between channels. It specifically includes:

[0057] The first E-plane bent waveguide a1: The input end of the first E-plane bent waveguide a1 is connected to the output of the miniaturized variable frequency drive module as the input of the miniaturized final power amplifier module, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the waveguide signal input from the miniaturized variable frequency drive module from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction.

[0058] The first 90° twist waveguide a2: The first 90° twist waveguide a2 input is connected to the output of the first E-plane bent waveguide a1, and is used to twist the polarization direction of the waveguide signal output from the first E-plane bent waveguide a1 from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction.

[0059] The first H-plane T-junction a3: The input of the first H-plane T-junction a3 is connected to the output of the first 90° twist waveguide a2, and is used to divide the waveguide signal output from the first 90° twist waveguide a2 into two waveguide signals, which are respectively input into the first branch and the second branch; a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal is formed on the first branch as the first waveguide signal output, and a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal is formed on the second branch as the third waveguide signal output.

[0060] Second H-plane T-type junction a12: The second H-plane T-type junction a12 includes a first input port and a second input port, wherein the first input port is connected to the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output of the first branch, and the second input port is connected to the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output of the second branch, and is used to synthesize the waveguide signals output from the first branch and the second branch into a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal.

[0061] Second 90° twisted waveguide a13: The second 90° twisted waveguide a13 input is connected to the output of the second H-plane T-junction a12, and is used to twist the polarization direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the second H-plane T-junction a12 from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction.

[0062] The first bent waveguide tube a14: The first bent waveguide tube a14 input is connected to the first branch output of the first H-plane T-junction a3, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the second 90° twist waveguide a13 from a horizontal direction to a vertical direction; the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output by the first bent waveguide tube a14 is output as a second waveguide signal.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first branch specifically includes:

[0064] The second E-plane bent waveguide tube a4: The second E-plane bent waveguide tube a4 input is connected to the first branch output of the first H-plane T-junction a3, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the waveguide signal output from the first H-plane T-junction a3 by 90° in the horizontal direction.

[0065] Multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge a5: The multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge a5 has an input port, an isolation port, a first output port and a second output port; wherein the input port is connected to the output of the second E-surface bent waveguide tube a4, and the isolation port is connected to the oblique absorbing load a6; the power ratio between the first output port and the second output port is 2:1; the multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge a5 is used to perform small hole coupling on the waveguide signal input from the second E-surface bent waveguide tube a4 to form a 1 / 3 power waveguide signal and a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal; wherein the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal is output through the first output port, and the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal is output through the second output port. In the embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge a5 is a 5th order broadband design to cover the Ka transmission frequency band required by the device.

[0066] The third E-surface bent waveguide tube a7 and the fourth E-surface bent waveguide tube a8 are arranged in series: the input of the third E-surface bent waveguide tube a7 is connected to the first output port of the multi-stage waveguide hole coupling bridge a5; the third E-surface bent waveguide tube a7 and the fourth E-surface bent waveguide tube a8 are used to twist the transmission direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the multi-stage waveguide hole coupling bridge a5 by 180° in the horizontal direction.

[0067] The third 90° twist waveguide a9: the third 90° twist waveguide a9 input is connected to the output of the fourth E-plane bent waveguide a8, and is used to twist the polarization direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the fourth E-plane bent waveguide a8 from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction;

[0068] The second bent waveguide tube a10: The input of the second bent waveguide tube a10 is connected to the output of the third 90° twist waveguide a9, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the third 90° twist waveguide a9 from a horizontal direction to a vertical direction; the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output by the second bent waveguide tube a10 is output as the first waveguide signal of a one-to-three power divider.

[0069] The third bent waveguide tube: The input of the third bent waveguide tube is connected to the second output port of the multi-stage waveguide pinhole coupling bridge a5, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the multi-stage waveguide pinhole coupling bridge a5 by 90° in the horizontal direction; the output of the third bent waveguide tube is output to the second H-plane T-junction a12 as the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal of the first branch.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second branch is mirror-symmetrical to the first branch and has the same structure as the first branch, forming a 1 / 3 power waveguide signal and a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal, respectively, as the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output of the second branch and the third waveguide signal output of the one-to-three power divider.

[0071] Since the one-to-three power splitter of the embodiment of the present invention uses a bent waveguide and a 90° twist waveguide, the waveguide signal can be divided into three in a smaller volume, and the output direction becomes vertical to facilitate docking with the input port of the subsequent final power amplifier module. Finally, the one-to-three power splitter realizes 1:1:1 equal amplitude output of three power channels, but the phase of the two side ports is delayed by 90° compared with the middle port.

[0072] Final power amplifier module: The final power amplifier module of the embodiment of the present invention is used to amplify the power of the first waveguide signal, the second waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal respectively. It includes a waveguide-microstrip conversion probe, a microstrip T-junction power divider, a power amplifier and a microstrip combiner. The specific physical structure is as follows: Fig. 9 shown.

[0073] Three-in-one combiner: Fig.10 , 11 As shown, the three-in-one combiner of the embodiment of the present invention is used to power synthesize the first waveguide signal, the second waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal after being amplified by the final power amplifier module, and delay the phase of the second waveguide signal by 90°, so that the first waveguide signal, the second waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal have the same output phase, and the combined signal is output as the RF signal of the miniaturized final power amplifier module. It has a symmetrical structure with a one-to-three power splitter, specifically, the output end of the one-to-three power splitter is used as the input end of the three-in-one combiner, and the input end of the one-to-three power splitter is used as the output end of the three-in-one combiner. The difference is that the phase of the waveguide port of the middle input is delayed by 90° compared with the waveguide ports on both sides. When used in combination with the one-to-three power splitter, the three-way phase can be kept consistent to complete the combining function.

[0074] The final design of the miniaturized final amplifier module has an overall size of 83.5*82*11mm. It can be seen that the millimeter wave power amplifier proposed by the present invention has reduced the size of the power amplifier. In the case of using the scheme of the present invention, the Ka-band 27.5GHz~31GHz up-conversion power amplifier is input in the L-band, and the output power reaches 50 watts of rated power, the overall efficiency reaches 17%, and the overall size excluding the heat sink is 200mm×150mm×50mm.

[0075] The amplitude characteristics simulation results of the miniaturized final power amplifier module are as follows: Fig.12 As shown, the phase characteristics of the one-to-three power divider and the three-in-one combiner are as follows Fig.13 , 14 As shown in the figure, the phase characteristics of the power splitter / combiner are one leading by 90 degrees and one lagging by 90 degrees, which cancel each other out when used together, making the phases of each port consistent.

[0076] The output power efficiency of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier synthesis module of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Table 1 below:

[0077] Table 1

[0078] Frequency (GHz) Output power of the final amplifier module IDD@VDD=22V Gain Power consumption efficiency(%) 27.5 49 10.2 21.5 224.4 35.39787142 28 49.39 11.11 21.39 244.42 35.55193639 28.5 49.35 10.49 20.85 230.78 37.30798822 29 48.9 10.7 19.9 235.4 32.97566341 29.5 49.56 11.33 20.06 249.26 36.25328868 30 49.06 10.71 19.06 235.62 34.18124273 30.5 49.63 12.12 19.13 266.64 34.44091646 31 49.3 10.92 18.3 240.24 35.42865627

[0079] The millimeter wave power amplifier proposed in the present invention not only reduces the size of the power amplifier, but also uses the Ka-band 27.5GHz~31GHz up-conversion power amplifier in the L-band input, the output power reaches 50 watts of rated power, the overall efficiency reaches 17%, and the overall size excluding the heat sink is 200mm×150mm×50mm. The present invention takes into account the problem that miniaturization and high efficiency cannot be achieved simultaneously under the existing combining mode through a reasonable number of power amplifier tubes. Its structure is conducive to the realization of multi-stage power amplifier circuits and integrated power amplifier circuits. The circuit structure is simple, easy to implement, reduces costs, and has good application prospects.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the embodiments of the present invention may be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined into one module or unit or component, and in addition they may be divided into a plurality of submodules or subunits or subcomponents. Except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, all features disclosed in this specification (including corresponding claims, abstracts and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device disclosed in this manner may be combined in any combination. Unless otherwise expressly stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including corresponding claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature providing the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

[0081] Through the description of the above implementation methods, technical personnel in the relevant field can understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0082] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0083] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated in the present embodiment. Therefore, the features defined by the terms "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention can explicitly or implicitly indicate that the embodiment includes at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the word "multiple" means at least two or two or more, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined in the embodiments.

[0084] In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, components, features, and elements with the same name in different embodiments of the present invention may have the same meaning or different meanings, and their specific meanings need to be determined by their explanation in the specific embodiment or further combined with the context in the specific embodiment.

[0085] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limitations of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily come to think of other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the present invention. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present invention. The specification and embodiments are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. A miniaturized millimeter-wave high-power and high-efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure, characterized in that: It includes a miniaturized variable frequency drive module, a miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module and a power monitoring module; wherein the power monitoring module is connected to the power signal input, and the output is respectively connected to the miniaturized variable frequency drive module and the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module; the miniaturized variable frequency drive module is connected to the intermediate frequency signal input and the reference signal input, performs frequency conversion driving on the input intermediate frequency signal to obtain a waveguide signal, and outputs the waveguide signal to the input of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module; the output of the miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module is output as a radio frequency signal.

2. The miniaturized millimeter wave high power and high efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The miniaturized frequency conversion drive module is a rectangular structure, which includes a secondary frequency conversion and drive board, an internal and external reference signal board, a high local oscillator multiplier board, and an intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board; wherein the secondary frequency conversion and drive board is located within one-third of the width of one long side of the rectangular structure; the internal and external reference signal board, the high local oscillator multiplier board, and the intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board are located within two-thirds of the width of the other long side of the rectangular structure, and the internal and external reference signal board and the high local oscillator multiplier board are stacked on the intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board.

3. The miniaturized millimeter wave high power and high efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The miniaturized variable frequency drive module specifically includes a secondary mixer, a high local oscillator frequency multiplier, a drive amplifier, a voltage-controlled attenuator, a switch filter, a drive power amplifier, an internal and external reference signal selection circuit, a primary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit, a secondary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit and an intermediate frequency amplifier circuit; Among them, the secondary mixer, high local oscillator frequency multiplier, driving amplifier, voltage-controlled attenuator, switching filter and driving power amplifier are placed on the secondary frequency conversion and driving board; the internal and external reference signal selection circuit is placed on the internal and external reference signal board; the primary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit and the secondary local oscillator phase-locked loop circuit are placed on the high local oscillator frequency multiplier board; the intermediate frequency amplifier circuit is placed on the intermediate frequency amplifier and primary frequency conversion board.

4. The miniaturized millimeter wave high power and high efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The miniaturized final-stage power amplifier module includes a one-to-three power divider, a final-stage power amplifier module, and a three-in-one combiner; The one-to-three power divider is used to output a first waveguide signal, a second waveguide signal and a third waveguide signal of equal power, and the output phases of the first waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal are delayed by 90° compared with the second waveguide signal; The final stage power amplification module is used to perform power amplification on the first waveguide signal, the second waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal respectively; The three-in-one combiner is used to power synthesize the first waveguide signal, the second waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal amplified by the final power amplifier module, and delay the phase of the second waveguide signal by 90°, so that the first waveguide signal, the second waveguide signal and the third waveguide signal have the same output phase, and obtain the combined signal as the RF signal output of the miniaturized final power amplifier module.

5. The miniaturized millimeter wave high power and high efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-to-three power divider comprises: First E-plane bent waveguide: the input end of the first E-plane bent waveguide is connected to the output of the miniaturized variable frequency drive module as the input of the miniaturized final power amplifier module, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the waveguide signal input from the miniaturized variable frequency drive module from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction; First 90° twist waveguide: the first 90° twist waveguide input is connected to the output of the first E-plane bent waveguide tube, and is used to twist the polarization direction of the waveguide signal output from the first E-plane bent waveguide tube from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction; First H-plane T-junction: the first H-plane T-junction input is connected to the output of the first 90° twisted waveguide, and is used to evenly divide the waveguide signal output from the first 90° twisted waveguide into two waveguide signals, which are input into the first branch and the second branch respectively; a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal is formed on the first branch as the first waveguide signal output, and a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal is formed on the second branch as the third waveguide signal output; Second H-plane T-junction: The second H-plane T-junction includes a first input port and a second input port, wherein the first input port is connected to the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output of the first branch, and the second input port is connected to the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output of the second branch, and is used to synthesize the waveguide signals output from the first branch and the second branch into a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal; Second 90° twisted waveguide: the second 90° twisted waveguide input is connected to the output of the second H-plane T-junction, and is used to twist the polarization direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the second H-plane T-junction from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction; First bent waveguide tube: the first bent waveguide tube input is connected to the first branch output of the first H-plane T-junction, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the second 90° twist waveguide from a horizontal direction to a vertical direction; the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the first bent waveguide tube is output as a second waveguide signal.

6. A miniaturized millimeter wave high power and high efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first branch comprises: Second E-plane bent waveguide: the second E-plane bent waveguide input is connected to the first branch output of the first H-plane T-junction, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the waveguide signal output from the first H-plane T-junction by 90° in the horizontal direction; Multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge: The multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge has an input port, an isolation port, a first output port and a second output port; wherein the input port is connected to the output of the second E-plane bent waveguide tube, and the isolation port is connected to the oblique wave absorbing load; the power ratio between the first output port and the second output port is 2:1; the multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge is used to perform small hole coupling on the waveguide signal input from the second E-plane bent waveguide tube to form a 1 / 3 power waveguide signal and a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal; wherein the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal is output through the first output port, and the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal is output through the second output port; A third E-plane bent waveguide and a fourth E-plane bent waveguide are arranged in series: the input of the third E-plane bent waveguide is connected to the first output port of the multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge; the third E-plane bent waveguide and the fourth E-plane bent waveguide are used to twist the transmission direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the multi-stage waveguide small hole coupling bridge by 180° in the horizontal direction; Third 90° twist waveguide: the third 90° twist waveguide input is connected to the output of the fourth E-plane bent waveguide tube, and is used to twist the polarization direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the fourth E-plane bent waveguide tube from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction; Second bent waveguide: the input of the second bent waveguide is connected to the output of the third 90° twist waveguide, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the third 90° twist waveguide from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction; the 2 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the second bent waveguide is output as the first waveguide signal of the one-to-three power divider; The third bent waveguide tube: the input of the third bent waveguide tube is connected to the second output port of the multi-stage waveguide pinhole coupling bridge, and is used to twist the transmission direction of the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output from the multi-stage waveguide pinhole coupling bridge by 90° in the horizontal direction; the output of the third bent waveguide tube is output to the second H-plane T-junction as the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal of the first branch.

7. The miniaturized millimeter wave high power and high efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second branch is mirror-symmetrical to the first branch and has the same structure as the first branch, forming a 1 / 3 power waveguide signal and a 2 / 3 power waveguide signal, respectively, as the 1 / 3 power waveguide signal output of the second branch and the third waveguide signal output of the one-to-three power divider.

8. The miniaturized millimeter wave high power and high efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The final power amplification module comprises a waveguide-microstrip conversion probe, a microstrip T-junction power divider, a power amplifier and a microstrip combiner.

9. The miniaturized millimeter wave high power and high efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-in-one combiner has a symmetrical structure with the one-to-three power splitter. Specifically, the output end of the one-to-three power splitter is used as the input end of the three-in-one combiner, and the input end of the one-to-three power splitter is used as the output end of the three-in-one combiner.

10. The miniaturized millimeter wave high power and high efficiency frequency conversion amplifier structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The miniaturized variable frequency drive module, the miniaturized final stage power amplifier module and the power supply monitoring module are arranged in a stacked manner.

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