Signal transmission method and device, communication equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a signal transmission method and device, communication equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the signal transmission method comprises the steps that response equipment transmits a first signal based on a target transmitting power level; wherein the first signal is a signal which is generated by modulation based on a second signal sent by the read-write device and is backscattered; when the current link of the response equipment is a non-amplified link, the response equipment is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmitting power level is a first transmitting power level; when the current link is the amplification link, the response device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmitting power level is the second transmitting power level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a signal transmission method, apparatus, communication equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In the Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) system, a response device, such as a tag, can receive control signals or carrier signals from a read / write device, such as a reader, and modulate the data to be transmitted onto the carrier signal and send it out according to the instructions.

[0003] In the case where the answering device is configured with an amplified link and a non-amplified link, if it switches to the uplink amplified link, the uplink coverage can be effectively improved. If it switches to the downlink amplified link, in addition to improving the uplink coverage, the downlink receiving sensitivity can also be improved. If it switches to the non-amplified link, it helps to save energy. Then, based on the transmission of the amplified link and the non-amplified link, how to define the different power levels of the answering device in the signal amplification state and the signal non-amplified state to achieve the optimal transmission of the backscattered signal to enhance the uplink coverage or achieve equipment energy saving is a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method, apparatus, communication equipment, and storage medium to enhance uplink coverage or achieve device energy saving.

[0005] In a first aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, comprising:

[0006] The answering device transmits a first signal based on the target transmit power level;

[0007] Wherein, the first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device;

[0008] In the case where the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level;

[0009] In the case that the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

[0010] In a second aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, comprising:

[0011] The reader / writer device receives a first signal transmitted based on a target transmission power level from the answering device;

[0012] Wherein, the first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device;

[0013] In the case where the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level;

[0014] In the case that the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

[0015] In a third aspect, a signal transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0016] A transmission module, configured to transmit a first signal based on a target transmission power level;

[0017] Wherein, the first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device;

[0018] In the case where the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level;

[0019] In the case that the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, a signal transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0021] A receiving module, configured to receive a first signal transmitted based on a target transmission power level from a response device;

[0022] Wherein, the first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device;

[0023] In the case where the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level;

[0024] In the case that the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

[0025] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be executed on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0026] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0027] In the seventh aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0028] In an eighth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a response device and a read-write device, wherein the response device can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the first aspect, and the read-write device can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0029] In the ninth aspect, a chip is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0030] In the tenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, wherein the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium, and the program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the answering device transmits a first signal based on a target transmission power level, the first signal is a signal modulated and generated based on a second signal sent by a read / write device and backscattered, the amplified link of the answering device corresponds to the second transmission power level, and the non-amplified link corresponds to the first transmission power level, so that the answering device can use different transmission power levels for signal transmission when it is in a non-amplified state or amplified state, which helps to enhance uplink coverage or achieve device energy saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a backscatter communication process in the related art;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a backscatter communication system in the related art;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the modulation principle of backscatter communication in the related technology;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the first network architecture of environmental Internet of Things communication in the related technology;

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a second network architecture for environmental Internet of Things communications in the related art;

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a third network architecture for environmental Internet of Things communications in the related art;

[0039] Figure 8 A fourth network architecture diagram for environmental Internet of Things communications in the related art;

[0040] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of information transmission between a reading and writing device and a response device in the related art;

[0041] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a terminal radio frequency link in the related art;

[0042] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a signal transmission link of an AIoT device in the related art;

[0043] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the working impedance of a reflection amplifier in the related art;

[0044] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a reflection amplifier in the related art;

[0045] Fig.14 This is a flow chart of an implementation of a signal transmission method in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission link in which only LNA is configured in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission link in which only a reflection amplifier is configured in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.17 This is a flowchart of another signal transmission method in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.18 In the embodiments of this application Fig.14 A schematic structural diagram of a corresponding signal transmission device;

[0050] Fig.19 In the embodiments of this application Fig.17 A schematic structural diagram of a corresponding signal transmission device;

[0051] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a network-side device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in this application represents at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three schemes, namely, Scheme 1: including A but not including B; Scheme 2: including B but not including A; Scheme 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0056] The term "indication" in this application can be a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). A direct indication can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, operations to be performed, or request results in the sent indication; an indirect indication can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information according to the indication sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the operation to be performed or the request result according to the judgment result.

[0057] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above as well as for other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following descriptions, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as the 6th generation (6 th Generation, 6G) communication system.

[0058] Figure 1A block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network side device 12. Among them, the terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (Ultra-mobile Personal Computer, UMPC), a mobile Internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), an augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR), a virtual reality (Virtual Reality, VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), an aircraft (flight vehicle), a vehicle-mounted device (Vehicle User Equipment, VUE), a ship-mounted device, a pedestrian terminal (Pedestrian User Equipment, PUE), a smart home (home appliances with wireless communication functions, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines or furniture, etc.), a game console, a personal computer (Personal Computer, PC), a teller machine or a self-service machine and other terminal side devices. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among them, the vehicle-mounted device can also be called a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device may also be referred to as a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device may include a base station, a wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN) access point (Access Point, AS) or a wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WiFi) node, etc.Among them, the base station may be referred to as a Node B (NB), an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B (gNB), a New Radio Node B (NR Node B), an access point, a Relay Base Station (RBS), a Serving Base Station (SBS), a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a Basic Service Set (BSS), an Extended Service Set (ESS), a Home Node B (HNB), a Home Evolved Node B, a Transmission Reception Point (TRP) or other appropriate terms in the field. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0059] To facilitate understanding, the application scenarios of the embodiments of the present application, as well as the related technologies and concepts involved, are first introduced.

[0060] 1. Application scenarios of the embodiments of the present application

[0061] The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to environmental Internet of Things communication scenarios. For example, it can be applied to scenarios such as item inventory, logistics inventory, fire warning, etc. For example, it can be applied to wireless radio frequency identification (RFID) technology dedicated readers, WiFi transmission scenarios, cellular network transmission scenarios, or next-generation mobile communication scenarios.

[0062] 2. About the Environmental Internet of Things System

[0063] In the environmental Internet of Things system, a response device, such as a tag, can receive control signals or carrier signals from a read / write device, such as a reader, and modulate the data to be transmitted onto the carrier signal and send it out according to the instructions. The response device can also be called an AIoT device.

[0064] Types of answering machines include the following:

[0065] One is a passive transponder, such as a tag device belonging to a passive Internet of Things (IoT) device (Passive-IoT). This type of transponder does not have energy storage capacitors or batteries, and relies on radio frequency (RF) signals for energy supply. The received RF signal is the power signal of the rectifier. It does not have the ability to generate carrier waves and has the lowest power consumption.

[0066] The other is a semi-passive answering device, which has energy storage capacitors or batteries and relies on non-RF signals to store energy. Optionally, this type of answering device is equipped with a power amplifier (PA) or a low noise amplifier (LNA) or other active devices. Its downlink reception or uplink reflection has a certain amplification capability, but does not have the ability to generate carrier waves, and its power consumption is second only to that of other devices.

[0067] Another type is an active transponder device, such as an active tag device. This type of transponder device has the ability to actively send, is equipped with a storage capacitor or a storage battery, relies on non-RF signals for power supply, and can send information to a base station or a reader / writer device without relying on the reflection of the incident signal. It has the ability to generate carrier waves and consumes the most power.

[0068] Backscatter communication is widely used in environmental Internet of Things systems. In backscatter communication, the answering device can also be called a backscatter communication device. If the backscatter communication device is a passive answering device or a semi-passive answering device, it can use the radio frequency signals in other devices or the environment to modulate the signal to transmit its own information. If the backscatter communication device is an active answering device, it can generate a carrier signal by itself and modulate the information based on the carrier signal generated by itself, or it can use the radio frequency signals in other devices or the environment for modulation like a passive answering device or a semi-passive answering device.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication process, which includes two links. One link is the link from the read-write device to the answering device. The read-write device can send a control signal (command) / carrier signal to the answering device. The carrier signal can be a continuous wave (CW). The other link is the link from the answering device to the read-write device. The answering device can send a backscatter signal to the read-write device.

[0070] The basic building blocks and main functions of a backscatter communication device are as follows:

[0071] Antenna unit: used to receive RF signals, control signaling, and also used to send modulated backscatter signals;

[0072] Energy harvesting module or power supply module: used for backscatter communication equipment to harvest radio frequency energy, or other energy, including but not limited to solar energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, thermal energy, etc. In addition to the energy harvesting module, it may also include a battery power supply module. In this case, the backscatter communication equipment is a semi-passive transponder. The energy harvesting module or power supply module supplies power to all other modules in the device;

[0073] Microcontroller: used to control baseband signal processing, energy storage or data scheduling status, switch switching, system synchronization, etc.;

[0074] Signal receiving module: used to demodulate control commands or data sent by the backscatter communication receiving end or other network nodes;

[0075] Channel coding and modulation module: used for performing channel coding and signal modulation under the control of the microcontroller, and realizing modulation by selecting different load impedances through a selection switch under the control of the microcontroller;

[0076] Memory or sensor module: used to store device ID information, location information, sensor data, etc.

[0077] In addition to the above-mentioned basic building blocks, the backscatter communication device may also integrate a tunnel diode amplifier module, a low noise amplifier module, etc., to improve the receiving sensitivity and transmitting power of the backscatter communication device.

[0078] Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a backscatter communication system. The transmitter of the read / write device sends a carrier signal through a power amplifier (PA), and the transponder modulates the signal through an RF harvester, a demodulator (Demod), a logic circuit, a clock circuit, etc., and outputs a backscatter signal. The receiver of the read / write device receives the backscatter signal through a low noise amplifier (LNA) and performs corresponding demodulation processing. Among them, TX BB represents the baseband processing module of the transmitter of the read / write device, and RX BB represents the baseband processing module of the receiver of the read / write device.

[0079] A simple implementation method is that the answering device reflects the incident carrier signal when it needs to send a "1", and does not reflect it when it needs to send a "0".

[0080] Figure 4 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the modulation principle of backscatter communication. The transponder controls the reflection coefficient Γ of the circuit by adjusting its internal impedance, thereby changing the amplitude, frequency, phase, etc. of the incident signal to achieve signal modulation. The reflection coefficient of the signal can be represented as:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, Z a is the antenna characteristic impedance, and Z1 is the load impedance. Assume that the input RF signal is S in (t), then the modulated backscattered signal output is The reflection coefficient (Γ T =Γ0、Γ T =Γ1、Γ T =Γ2, ..., Γ T =Γ n ), the corresponding amplitude modulation, frequency modulation or phase modulation can be realized by using the channel coding and modulation module. The controller can control the reflection coefficient according to the following relationship:

[0083] The symbol 0 corresponds to an impedance of 0;

[0084] Symbol 1 corresponds to impedance 1;

[0085] Symbol 2 corresponds to impedance 2;

[0086] …

[0087] The symbol n corresponds to impedance n.

[0088] 3. Network architecture for environmental IoT communications

[0089] The network architecture of environmental IoT communication is as follows Figures 5 to 8 shown.

[0090] Figure 5 As shown: a network side device, such as a base station, acts as a reading and writing device, sends a carrier signal or control signaling to a transponder device, such as a tag device, and receives a backscattered signal from the transponder device;

[0091] Figure 6 As shown: a network side device, such as a base station, communicates with a terminal, and the terminal, as a reading and writing device, sends a carrier signal or control signaling to a transponder device, such as a tag device, and receives a backscattered signal from the transponder device;

[0092] Figure 7 As shown: a network side device, such as a base station, sends a carrier signal or control signaling to a transponder device, such as a tag device, and the terminal receives the backscattered signal sent by the transponder device, and then reports the demodulated related data to the network side device;

[0093] Figure 8 As shown: a network side device, such as a base station, communicates with a terminal, the network side device sends indication information to the terminal, the terminal sends a carrier signal or control signaling to a response device, such as a tag device, and the network side device receives a backscattered signal sent by the response device.

[0094] Figure 5 , Figure 6 It is a manifestation of a single-base architecture. Figure 7 , Figure 8 It is a manifestation of the dual-base architecture.

[0095] The type of control signaling may include at least one of the following: selection, inventory, and access.

[0096] 4. About the traditional RFID transmission process

[0097] like Fig. 9 As shown, taking the ISO 18000-6C protocol as an example, in the ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID protocol, in the inventory mode, the reader selects the answering device, sends a query command (Query), and the answering device responds (Relay), that is, generates a 16-bit random number to the reader, and then the reader sends the random number sequence to the answering device through the confirmation response command (ACK), and the answering device sends the relevant data to the reader, such as the protocol control word (PC) / extended protocol control word (XPC), the electronic product code (EPC), the data packet cyclic redundancy check (CRC) (PacketCRC), etc. If the EPC is valid, the reader can send a repeated query command (QueryRep) or other commands, if the EPC is invalid, the reader can send a negative response (NAK). From the reader sending the query command to the reader receiving the relevant data sent by the answering device is a single answering device response process.

[0098] 5. About the signal amplification link of traditional terminals

[0099] Fig.10 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a terminal radio frequency link. Fig.10 As can be seen in the figure, the signal output by the transceiver is first amplified by the PA, then filtered by the filter, and then transmitted through the antenna. The signal received by the antenna is processed by the filter, then amplified by the LNA, and then input into the transceiver. PA needs power supply. Due to implementation limitations, PA cannot completely convert input power into output power. PA efficiency can be defined as:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, P out is the RF signal power output by PA, P in is the RF signal power input to the PA, P DC This is the DC power supply for the PA.

[0102] Table 1 shows a set of terminal PAE test results. It can be seen that when the PA output power is low, for example, below 15dBm, PAE < 10%, which means that 90% of the power supplied to the PA is consumed:

[0103]

[0104] Table 1

[0105] If G is used to represent the amplification gain, PAE can be further expressed as:

[0106]

[0107] 6. About the signal amplification link of AIoT devices

[0108] Similar to traditional terminals, the signal amplification link of AIoT devices includes an uplink amplification link including PA and a downlink amplification link including LNA. The amplification efficiency of the amplification link is related to the incident power, output power, power supply DC power, signal frequency, etc.

[0109] Fig.11 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the signal transmission link of an AIoT device. The single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) is responsible for switching the amplified link and the non-amplified link. When switching to the non-amplified link, signal transmission can be performed through the energy collection module, wake-up circuit, microcontroller, channel coding and modulation module, etc. When switching to the amplified link, signal transmission can be performed through the energy collection module, wake-up circuit, microcontroller, channel coding and modulation module, and transmission amplifier / reflection amplifier, etc. Taking the switching of the uplink reflection amplifier as an example, the difference between the amplified link and the non-amplified link is that the amplified link can amplify the backscattered signal; the non-amplified link cannot amplify the backscattered signal through the reflection amplifier. Fig.11 The different thicknesses of the connecting lines represent different signal transmission processes.

[0110] In other words, the amplification link of AIoT devices includes the following important components:

[0111] Transmit amplifiers, such as LNAs;

[0112] Reflection amplifiers, such as PAs, generally achieve signal amplification through tunnel diodes or CMOS tubes. Tunnel diodes consume power between tens of microwatts and hundreds of microwatts, have poorer stability and higher prices than CMOS, while CMOS tubes consume power in the hundreds of microwatts and have higher stability.

[0113] It is worth emphasizing that the amplification principle of the reflection amplifier is different from the amplification principle of the signal amplification link of the above-mentioned traditional terminal. Fig.12 As shown, the backscattered signal can be amplified only when the reflection amplifier operates in the negative impedance region.

[0114] Next, the negative impedance amplification principle is proved by mathematical expressions. Assuming the load impedance of the AIoT device is Z L , the reflection coefficient expression can be updated as:

[0115]

[0116] The above expression shows that if the load impedance is a positive number, the absolute value of the reflection coefficient is always less than or equal to 1, so the backscattered signal cannot be amplified by a traditional amplifier. If the load impedance can be considered to be a negative number, that is, the real resistance of the impedance is a negative number, then:

[0117] Z L =-R L +jX L , R L >0;

[0118] In the above formula, if circuit matching is considered, then X L = 0. Substituting the above formula into the reflection coefficient expression, we can further obtain the amplitude expression of the reflection coefficient:

[0119] (Consider matching);

[0120] (matching is not considered);

[0121] It can be seen from the above formula that, in this case, the amplitude of the reflection coefficient is always greater than 1, that is, the backscattered signal is amplified.

[0122] VII. Impact of the use of reflection amplifier on downlink receiving sensitivity

[0123] like Fig.13As shown, the reflection amplifier is composed of diodes, resistors, etc., and does not have signal input and output ports like traditional amplifiers. The backscattered signal needs to rely on the RF signal in the environment to generate. Therefore, if the amplification link is switched, the existence of the uplink reflection amplifier will affect the sensitivity of the downlink receiving signal, which is specifically reflected in the impact on the noise coefficient NF of the RF circuit of the answering device.

[0124] The noise figure NF of the answering device and the impedance R of the reflection amplifier NR The relationship is shown as follows:

[0125]

[0126] Among them, K a is a constant, assuming it is 1.2, f is the center frequency of the carrier signal, f r0 is the cut-off frequency and r is the shunt resistor of the reflection amplifier.

[0127] R NR The value of will change with the change of DC bias, which further determines the gain of the reflection amplifier. NR The impact on NF is as follows:

[0128] When R NR When it is negative, (1-r / R NR )>1,(1-f / f r0 )<1, the NF value can vary from less than 1dB to tens of dB;

[0129] When R NR When it is a positive number, (1-r / R NR )<1,(1-f / f r0 )<1, the NF value will be greater than 1dB.

[0130] Therefore, R NR The optimal choice can achieve the best magnification and the smallest NF.

[0131] 8. Definition of power levels of traditional terminals

[0132] As telecommunications evolve towards the next generation and new use cases, 3GPP has added new terminal power classes. According to this definition, the terminal power class can be defined as the maximum transmit power over the NR channel bandwidth. 5G NR operates in both FR1 and FR2 frequency ranges, and 3GPP has defined terminal power classes for both.

[0133] 3GPP TS 38.101-1 specifies terminal power classes for FR1, and 3GPP TS 38.101-2 specifies terminal power classes for FR2.

[0134] In the FR1 frequency range, terminal power levels are specified using wired measurements.

[0135] For the FR2 frequency range, terminal power levels are specified using over-the-air (OTA) measurements.

[0136] The application scenarios, related technologies and concepts of the embodiments of the present application are introduced above. The signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below through some embodiments and their application scenarios in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0137] See also Fig.14 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the method includes the following steps:

[0138] S1410: The answering device transmits a first signal based on the target transmission power level.

[0139] The first signal is a signal generated by modulation based on the second signal sent by the read / write device and backscattered.

[0140] The second signal is a carrier signal. The read / write device sends the second signal to the answering device. The answering device modulates the second signal to generate the first signal and transmits the first signal based on the target transmission power level. The transmission power intensity of the first signal meets the requirements of the target transmission power level.

[0141] When the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level;

[0142] In the case where the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

[0143] By applying the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the answering device transmits a first signal based on a target transmission power level, the first signal is a signal modulated and generated and backscattered based on a second signal sent by a read-write device, the amplified link of the answering device corresponds to the second transmission power level, and the non-amplified link corresponds to the first transmission power level. In this way, the answering device can use different transmission power levels for signal transmission when it is in a non-amplified state or amplified state, which helps to enhance uplink coverage or achieve device energy saving.

[0144] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the read-write device can be a handheld or fixed device that reads or writes information related to the answering device, or a device that communicates with the answering device. Optionally, the read-write device can be a network-side device, such as a base station. The types of base stations include but are not limited to integrated access backhaul nodes (Integrated Access Backhaul node, IAB station), repeaters, and pole stations, wherein the repeaters can be network controlled repeaters. The read-write device can also be a terminal, other network access devices, or devices with read-write functions, such as a reader / writer.

[0145] The transponder can be an RFID tag device, including passive transponders, semi-passive transponders, or active transponders. The transponder can transmit signals by backscattering radio frequency signals, and some active transponders have the ability to generate active signals. The transponder can also be a terminal, wearable device, etc. The energy of the transponder comes from the environment, such as radio frequency energy, heat energy, wind energy, kinetic energy, etc., and can be called an AIoT device.

[0146] Optionally, the answering device may determine the target transmission power level based on the current link, and transmit the first signal based on the target transmission power level; it may also determine the target transmission power level based on relevant indication information received from the read-write device, and transmit the first signal based on the target transmission power level; it may also use the transmission power level indicated by the received read-write device as the target transmission power level and transmit the first signal.

[0147] Optionally, when the answering device switches from a non-amplified link to an amplified link, or from an amplified link to a non-amplified link, if the distance between the answering device and the read-write device is the same before and after the switching, and the downlink transmission power of the read-write device is the same, then the second transmission power level corresponding to the amplified link is greater than the first transmission power level corresponding to the non-amplified link.

[0148] In some embodiments of the present application, when the current link is an amplification link, the answering device has a second transmission power level, the second transmission power level includes multiple transmission power sub-levels, each transmission power sub-level corresponds to a different amplification factor of the amplification link, and the greater the amplification factor of the amplification link, the higher the level of the transmission power sub-level.

[0149] The transmit power level or transmit power sub-level may correspond to a power range or a power reference value. The higher the transmit power level or transmit power sub-level, the higher the upper and lower boundary power values ​​in the corresponding power range, or the larger the corresponding power reference value.

[0150] For example, the transmit power class (PC) of the answering device is as follows:

[0151] The answering device is in a non-amplified link, in a non-amplified signal state, and has a first transmission power level, such as PC A;

[0152] The answering device is in the amplification link, in the signal amplification state, and has a second transmission power level, such as PC M;

[0153] The amplification link may include an uplink amplification link or a downlink amplification link, and there are the following situations:

[0154] In the case of downlink amplification only and the second signal entering the downlink amplification link of the answering device, the receiving power of the second signal can be enhanced, so that the power of the first signal can be further enhanced, and the answering device has a second transmission power level PCM=PC B;

[0155] In the case of uplink amplification only, the second transmission power level PC M=PC C of the answering device, and according to different amplification factors of the uplink amplification link, the second transmission power level PC C includes multiple transmission power sub-levels, such as PC C1, PC C2, ..., PC CN, and N represents the number of possible amplification factors of the uplink amplification link, which depends on the uplink amplification capability of the answering device;

[0156] In the case of uplink amplification + downlink amplification, the second transmission power level PC M = PC D of the answering device. According to different amplification factors of the amplification link, the second transmission power level PC D includes multiple transmission power sub-levels, such as PC D1, PC D2, ..., PC DN, where N represents the number of possible amplification factors of the amplification link, which depends on the uplink or downlink amplification capability of the answering device.

[0157] Different amplification factors of the amplification link correspond to different transmit power sub-levels, so that the answering device can use the corresponding transmit power sub-level for signal transmission, which helps to enhance uplink coverage or achieve device energy saving.

[0158] In some embodiments of the present application, the method may further include the following steps:

[0159] The answering device determines, according to the first information, whether to perform link switching, and performs a switching operation if it is determined to perform link switching;

[0160] Link switching includes: switching between an amplified link and a non-amplified link, or switching between different amplified links.

[0161] The answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the first information. The amplification link may include an uplink amplification link or a downlink amplification link.

[0162] If it is determined to perform link switching, the switching operation is performed. If switching from an amplified link to a non-amplified link, the current link is a non-amplified link; if switching from a non-amplified link to an amplified link, the current link is an amplified link; if switching from an up-amplified link and a down-amplified link to an up-amplified link, the current link is an up-amplified link; if switching from an up-amplified link and a down-amplified link to a down-amplified link, the current link is a down-amplified link.

[0163] If it is determined not to switch the link, the original link remains unchanged. If the original link is an amplifying link, the current link is the amplifying link; if the original link is a non-amplifying link, the current link is the non-amplifying link.

[0164] The answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the first information, and can perform link switching in a timely manner to enhance uplink coverage or achieve device energy saving.

[0165] In some embodiments of the present application, the first information may include at least one of the following:

[0166] Switching instruction information received from the read / write device;

[0167] Pre-obtained parameter information;

[0168] measurement information of the second signal;

[0169] Energy saving information;

[0170] Demodulation information of the switching indication information.

[0171] In the first case of an embodiment of the present application, the answering device determines whether to perform a link switch based on first information. The first information may include switching indication information received from the read-write device. The switching indication information is used to instruct the answering device to perform a link switch, that is, the answering device determines whether to perform a link switch based on the switching indication information received from the read-write device.

[0172] The amplification link includes an uplink amplification link or a downlink amplification link, and the switching indication information includes first indication information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fifth indication information, or sixth indication information;

[0173] The first indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link;

[0174] The second indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the downlink amplified link;

[0175] The third indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the amplified link to the non-amplified link;

[0176] The fourth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link and the downlink amplified link;

[0177] The fifth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the uplink amplification link;

[0178] The sixth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the downlink amplification link.

[0179] Optionally, when the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, if first indication information is received, it can determine to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link according to the first indication information; if second indication information is received, it can determine to switch from the non-amplified link to the downlink amplified link according to the second indication information; if first indication information and second indication information are received, it can determine to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link and the downlink amplified link according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and the first indication information and the second indication information can be carried in the same signaling or in different signalings; if fourth indication information is received, it can determine to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link and the downlink amplified link according to the fourth indication information.

[0180] Optionally, when the answering device is in an uplink signal amplification state, if the first indication information is received, the original uplink amplification link may be kept unchanged.

[0181] Optionally, when the answering device is in a downlink signal amplification state, if the second indication information is received, the original downlink amplification link may be kept unchanged.

[0182] Optionally, when the answering device is in a signal amplification state, if third indication information is received, it may determine to switch from the amplified link to the non-amplified link and perform power backoff according to the third indication information.

[0183] Optionally, when the answering device is in the uplink signal and downlink signal amplification state, if the fifth indication information or the sixth indication information is received, it can be determined to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to only the uplink amplification link or only the downlink amplification link.

[0184] Optionally, when the answering device is in a signal non-amplification state, if the third indication information is received, the original non-amplification link may be kept unchanged.

[0185] Optionally, the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information may also be used to indicate at least one of a transmit power level and modulation information, where the modulation information may include at least one of the following:

[0186] On-Off Keying (OOK) modulation method;

[0187] On-off keying modulation rate;

[0188] Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) modulation method;

[0189] Frequency shift keying modulation rate;

[0190] Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation method;

[0191] Phase-Shift Keying modulation rate.

[0192] The first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information is also used to indicate the transmission power level or modulation information of the answering device, to control the signal transmission of the answering device, and to help improve the signal transmission efficiency.

[0193] Optionally, when the switching indication information includes the first indication information, the second indication information, or the fourth indication information, the read / write device may send the first indication information, the second indication information, or the fourth indication information to the answering device in at least one of the following situations:

[0194] Detecting that the received power of the backscattered signal is less than or equal to a first threshold value;

[0195] No backscatter signal is received within a first time period;

[0196] A conflict was detected.

[0197] When the reading and writing device detects that the channel condition is deteriorating, such as detecting that the receiving power of the backscattered signal is less than or equal to the first threshold value, or does not receive the backscattered signal within the first time period, or when a conflict is detected, such as a collision conflict between transmissions of multiple answering devices, the reading and writing device considers that the answering device should increase the signal transmission power, and can send the first indication information or the second indication information or the fourth indication information to the answering device. The first threshold value and the first time period can be pre-configured or pre-defined.

[0198] Optionally, when the switching indication information includes the third indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information, the read / write device may send the third indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information to the answering device in at least one of the following situations:

[0199] It is detected that the answering device enters a power saving state;

[0200] Interference with the backscattered signal is detected;

[0201] Detecting that the received power of the backscattered signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold value;

[0202] It is detected that the distance between the answering device and the reading and writing device is less than or equal to the third threshold value.

[0203] When the read / write device detects that the answering device has entered the energy-saving state, or detects interference with the backscattered signal, or detects that the channel condition has improved, such as the received power of the backscattered signal is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, or detects that the distance between the answering device and the read / write device is less than or equal to the third threshold value, it is considered that the answering device should reduce the signal transmission power, and the third indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information can be sent to the answering device.

[0204] In the second case of an embodiment of the present application, the answering device determines whether to perform link switching based on the first information, and the first information may include pre-acquired parameter information, and the parameter information may include information on the energy storage efficiency threshold or the duration threshold of the signaling demodulation failure or the number threshold of the signaling demodulation failure, that is, the answering device determines whether to perform link switching based on the pre-acquired parameter information.

[0205] Optionally, when the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, if the energy storage efficiency is less than or equal to the energy storage efficiency threshold, or the duration of the inability to correctly demodulate the signaling is greater than or equal to the duration threshold of the signaling demodulation failure, or the number of consecutive inability to correctly demodulate the signaling is greater than or equal to the number threshold of the signaling demodulation failure, it can be determined to switch from the non-amplified link to the amplified link. This helps to improve the energy storage efficiency of the answering device or improve the success rate of signaling demodulation.

[0206] The energy storage efficiency threshold or the duration threshold of signaling demodulation failure or the number threshold of signaling demodulation failure may be predefined or indicated by the read / write device.

[0207] In a third case of the embodiment of the present application, the answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the first information, and the first information may include measurement information of the second signal, that is, the answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the measurement information of the second signal.

[0208] Optionally, the measurement information of the second signal may include at least one of the following:

[0209] Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP);

[0210] Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI);

[0211] Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ);

[0212] Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR).

[0213] Optionally, when the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, if, based on measurement information of the second signal, it is determined that the second signal is weak, such as the reference signal received power is less than or equal to the reference signal received power threshold, or the received signal strength indication is less than or equal to the received signal strength indication threshold, or the reference signal received quality is less than or equal to the reference signal received quality threshold, and the signal to interference plus noise ratio is less than or equal to the signal to interference plus noise ratio threshold, it can be determined to switch from the non-amplified link to the amplified link.

[0214] Optionally, in the case where the first information includes measurement information of the second signal, the method may further include the following steps:

[0215] Step 1: When the answering device determines to switch from the non-amplified link to the amplified link, the answering device determines the available transmission power level according to the measurement information of the second signal;

[0216] Step 2: The answering device reports the available transmit power level or the duration of the available transmit power level.

[0217] That is, when the answering device determines to switch from the non-amplified link to the amplified link, it can determine the available transmit power level based on the reference signal received power, received signal strength indication, reference signal received quality, signal to interference and noise ratio and other measurement information of the second signal, and report the available transmit power level or the duration of the available transmit power level to the reader / writer to meet the requirements of radiation supervision. After receiving the available transmit power level reported by the answering device, the reader / writer can select a transmit power level from the available transmit power levels and indicate it to the answering device to control the transmit power of the answering device.

[0218] In a fourth case of the embodiment of the present application, the answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the first information, and the first information may include energy-saving information, that is, the answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the energy-saving information.

[0219] Optionally, when the answering device is in a signal amplification state, if it is to enter a power-saving state, it may be determined to switch from an amplification link to a non-amplification link to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

[0220] In a fifth case of the embodiment of the present application, the answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the first information, and the first information may include demodulation information of the switching indication information, that is, the answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the demodulation information of the switching indication information.

[0221] Optionally, the answering device may determine whether to perform link switching based on whether the demodulation information of the switching indication information is correct. For example, when the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, if the demodulation information of the switching indication information is correct, it is determined not to perform link switching. If the switching indication information cannot be correctly demodulated, or the switching indication information cannot be correctly demodulated within a set duration, or the switching indication information cannot be correctly demodulated for a set number of consecutive times, there may be interference caused by a high-power backscattered signal, which affects the switching indication information. In this case, it can be determined to switch from a non-amplified link to an amplified link.

[0222] Optionally, the amplified link includes an uplink amplified link or a downlink amplified link. When the answering device determines to perform link switching, if it switches from a non-amplified link to an uplink amplified link, it also switches to a downlink amplified link to improve uplink coverage while effectively improving downlink receiving sensitivity.

[0223] Optionally, when the answering device determines to perform link switching, if it switches from a non-amplified link to a downlink amplified link, it also switches to an uplink amplified link to improve downlink reception sensitivity while improving uplink coverage, or does not switch to the uplink amplified link to save energy.

[0224] If switching to the uplink amplification link or the downlink amplification link, the answering device may report the available transmit power level or the duration of the available transmit power level to meet the radiation regulatory requirements.

[0225] It should be noted that the answering device may determine whether to perform link switching based on one of the above information, or may determine whether to perform link switching based on a combination of the above information.

[0226] In some embodiments of the present application, the target transmission power level is less than or equal to the maximum transmission power level, or the target transmission power level is greater than or equal to the minimum transmission power level, so that the answering device can effectively transmit the first signal based on the target transmission power level. The maximum transmission power level or the minimum transmission power level is pre-configured or indicated by the reading and writing device.

[0227] Optionally, before the reader / writer receives the first signal transmitted based on the target transmission power level from the answering device, the reader / writer may send the maximum transmission power level or the minimum transmission power level of the communication interface of the answering device to the answering device. For example, the reader / writer may directly configure the maximum transmission power level or the minimum transmission power level of the communication interface of the answering device according to the deployment scenario and business requirements. The reader / writer may also configure the use conditions of the transmission power level of the communication interface for the answering device according to the deployment scenario and business requirements.

[0228] Optionally, the maximum transmit power level is a transmit power level corresponding to a set amplification factor of the amplification link, such as a transmit power level corresponding to a maximum amplification factor of the amplification link.

[0229] In some embodiments of the present application, before the answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the first information, the method may further include the following steps:

[0230] The answering device reports the amplification capability information.

[0231] In an embodiment of the present application, the answering device may report amplification capability information to the reading and writing device, so that the reading and writing device can more accurately send switching indication information or make other indications according to the amplification capability information of the answering device.

[0232] Optionally, the amplification capability information may include at least one of the following:

[0233] Information on whether it has uplink amplification capability, such as whether it is equipped with a reflective amplifier, such as a PA;

[0234] In the case of uplink amplification capability, information on the uplink amplification capability, such as information on the uplink amplification multiple;

[0235] Information on whether it has downlink amplification capability, such as whether it is equipped with a transmission amplifier, such as an LNA;

[0236] In the case of downlink amplification capability, information on the downlink amplification capability, such as information on the downlink amplification multiple;

[0237] Information about the hardware capabilities that may affect the downlink receive sensitivity, such as the bypass resistor of the reflection amplifier.

[0238] Optionally, the amplification capability information may further include at least one of the following:

[0239] Information on whether the transmit power levels of different communication interfaces are supported, such as whether the transmit power levels of the Uu interface, the sidelink (SL) interface or other newly defined interfaces are supported;

[0240] Information about adjustable power headroom, such as how much transmit power can be increased or decreased.

[0241] The amplification capability information includes one or more of the above information, which helps the reading and writing device to accurately perform switching instructions according to the amplification capability information of the answering device.

[0242] In some embodiments of the present application, the answering device reporting the amplification capability information may include the following steps:

[0243] The answering device reports the amplification capability information in at least one of the following situations:

[0244] Sending a random access request;

[0245] Send uplink control information;

[0246] Receive query signaling;

[0247] Receiving a paging signaling;

[0248] Receiving a confirmation response signaling;

[0249] Report device capability information.

[0250] That is, the answering device may report the amplification capability information when sending a random access request, such as a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) preamble or request;

[0251] Or the answering device may report the amplification capability information when sending uplink control information, such as Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH);

[0252] Or the answering device may report the amplification capability information after receiving the query signaling;

[0253] Or the answering device may report the amplification capability information after receiving the paging signaling;

[0254] Or the answering device may report the amplification capability information after receiving the confirmation response signaling, such as reporting the amplification capability information after receiving the confirmation signaling (ACK) of the read / write device or after the read / write device responds to the answering device ID;

[0255] Or the answering device may report the amplification capability information when reporting the device capability information.

[0256] Optionally, the amplification capability information may be based on the answering device, or based on the frequency band, or based on the frequency point.

[0257] For ease of understanding, the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to specific examples.

[0258] In the following example, the signal transmission process is described by taking the reading and writing device as the base station (BS) and the answering device as the tag.

[0259] Example 1: LNA-based transmit power level

[0260] Given as Fig.15 The following figure shows how to define the transmit power level when the tag is only configured with a downlink LNA, and explains the signal transmission process based on the amplification capability reporting method.

[0261] The tag reports the amplification capability information, including the LNA link and LNA-related hardware capability information;

[0262] The tag does not communicate with the base station through the LNA link, but sends a backscattered signal to the base station based on the carrier signal;

[0263] The base station does not receive the backscatter signal for a period of time. According to the amplification capability information of the tag, the second indication information is sent to instruct the tag to switch to the LNA link and indicate that the transmission power level of the backscatter signal is PC B, for example, about -10dBm;

[0264] After receiving and demodulating the second indication information, the tag switches to the LNA link and sends a backscattered signal to the base station;

[0265] The base station receives and demodulates the backscattered signal based on the PC B transmission.

[0266] In addition, the tag can also directly report the PC B transmit power level based on the Uu interface or SL interface. Taking the Uu interface as an example, a possible transmission process is as follows:

[0267] The tag reports whether it supports PC B of the Uu interface, for example, reporting that only PC B is supported; or reporting that PC A and PCB are supported. Reporting can be based on tags (per tag), frequency bands (per band), or frequency points (per frequency);

[0268] The tag does not communicate with the base station through the LNA link, but sends a backscattered signal to the base station based on the carrier signal;

[0269] The base station does not receive the backscatter signal for a period of time. According to the amplification capability information of the tag, the second indication information is sent to instruct the tag to switch to the LNA link and indicate that the transmission power level of the backscatter signal is PC B, for example, about -10dBm;

[0270] After receiving and demodulating the second indication information, the tag switches to the LNA link and sends a backscattered signal to the base station;

[0271] The base station receives and demodulates the backscattered signal based on the PC B transmission.

[0272] In addition to the transmit power levels supported by the tag, the base station can also directly configure the maximum transmit power level or minimum transmit power level based on the Uu interface or SL interface for the tag. The tag only transmits backscatter signals when the transmit power level is less than or equal to the configured maximum transmit power level or greater than or equal to the configured minimum transmit power level. A possible transmission process under the minimum transmit power level constraint is as follows:

[0273] The tag reports the amplification capability information, including the LNA link and LNA-related hardware capability information;

[0274] The tag does not communicate with the base station through the LNA link, but sends a backscattered signal to the base station based on the carrier signal;

[0275] The base station does not receive the backscatter signal for a period of time. According to the amplification capability information of the tag, the base station sends a second indication information to the tag, indicating the minimum transmit power level, such as PC B. This configuration can be per tag, per band or per frequency;

[0276] After receiving and demodulating the second indication information, the tag switches to the LNA link and sends a backscattered signal to the base station;

[0277] The base station receives and demodulates the backscattered signal based on the PC B transmission.

[0278] Example 2: Transmit power level based on uplink reflective PA

[0279] Given as Fig.16 The following figure shows how to define the transmit power level when the tag is only configured with an uplink reflector amplifier, and explains the signal transmission process based on the amplification capability reporting method.

[0280] The tag reports the amplification capability information, including the hardware capability information of the reflective amplification link and the reflective amplifier.

[0281] The tag does not communicate with the base station through a reflection amplification link, but sends a backscattered signal to the base station based on the carrier signal;

[0282] The base station does not receive the backscatter signal for a period of time. According to the amplification capability information of the tag, the first indication information is sent to instruct the tag to switch to the reflection amplification link and indicate that the transmission power level of the backscatter signal is PC C1, for example, about -5dBm;

[0283] After receiving and demodulating the first indication information, the tag switches to the reflection amplification link and sends a backscattered signal to the base station;

[0284] The base station receives and demodulates the backscattered signal transmitted based on PC C1.

[0285] Similar to Example 1, the tag can also directly report the PC C transmit power level supported based on the Uu interface or SL interface. Taking the Uu interface as an example, a possible transmission process is as follows:

[0286] The tag reports whether it supports PC C of the Uu interface, for example, reporting that only PC C1-CN is supported; or reporting that all transmit power levels of PC A, PC B and PC C are supported. The reporting can be per UE, per band or per frequency;

[0287] The tag does not communicate with the base station through the reflection amplification link, and sends a backscattered signal to the base station based on the carrier signal.

[0288] The base station does not receive the backscatter signal for a period of time. According to the amplification capability information of the tag, the first indication information is sent to instruct the tag to switch to the reflection amplification link and indicate that the transmission power level of the backscatter signal is PC C2, for example, about 0 dBm;

[0289] After receiving and demodulating the first indication information, the tag switches to the reflection amplification link and sends a backscattered signal to the base station;

[0290] The base station receives and demodulates the backscattered signal based on PC C2.

[0291] Similar to Example 1, in addition to the tag reporting the supported transmit power level, the base station can also directly configure the maximum transmit power level or minimum transmit power level based on the Uu interface or SL interface for the tag, and the tag only transmits the backscatter signal when the maximum transmit power level is less than or equal to the configured maximum transmit power level or greater than or equal to the minimum transmit power level. At this time, the maximum transmit power level can be the transmit power level corresponding to the maximum amplification factor of the reflection amplifier, or it can be the transmit power level corresponding to a certain amplification factor of the reflection amplifier.

[0292] In addition, when the base station determines the transmit power level, it can consider the impact of the transmit power level indication on the downlink receive sensitivity based on the service scenario, channel conditions, etc., and indicate the optimal transmit power level according to the method of the impact of the use of reflective amplifiers on downlink receive sensitivity in the related technology.

[0293] Example 3: Transmit power level based on uplink and downlink signal amplification

[0294] The definition method of the transmit power level when the tag is configured with an uplink reflective amplifier and a downlink LNA is given. The structure diagram can be referred to Fig.11 As shown. Based on the amplification capability reporting method, the signal transmission process is described. The transmission process of the tag reporting the transmit power level and the base station indicating the maximum transmit power level or the minimum transmit power level is similar to Examples 1 and 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0295] The tag reports the amplification capability information, including the hardware capability information related to the configuration of the reflection amplification link, LNA link and reflection amplifier, and LNA;

[0296] The tag does not communicate with the base station through the reflection amplifier link and LNA link, and sends a backscattered signal to the base station based on the carrier signal;

[0297] The base station does not receive the backscatter signal for a period of time, for example, the backscatter signal is not received due to deterioration of the channel condition. The base station sends the first indication information and the second indication information according to the amplification capability information of the tag, which is used to instruct the tag to switch to the reflection amplification link and the LNA link, and indicates that the transmission power level of the backscatter signal is PC D1, for example, about 5dBm;

[0298] After receiving and demodulating the first indication information and the second indication information, the tag switches to the reflection amplification link and the LNA link, and sends a backscattered signal to the base station;

[0299] The base station receives and demodulates the backscattered signal transmitted based on PC D1.

[0300] The above example shows that the tag switches from the non-amplified link to the amplified link to enhance coverage. Correspondingly, if the tag is close to the base station, or to achieve energy saving, the tag power can also be instructed to fall back.

[0301] Example 4: Different ways of reporting information

[0302] The tag inventory process of traditional RFID is introduced in the related technology. Correspondingly, in cellular networks, traditional contention-based random access requires at least four steps, including two information exchanges between the base station and the terminal. In order to reduce the number of Listen Before Talk (LBT) and access delay and signaling overhead, 3GPP introduced a two-step random access channel (RACH) in R16, merging the two uplink channels Msg 1 and Msg 3 in the original four-step RACH into a new Msg A, and merging Msg 2 and Msg 4 into a new Msg B.

[0303] The amplification capability information that the tag needs to report includes:

[0304] Information on whether it has uplink amplification capability;

[0305] Information on whether it has downlink amplification capability;

[0306] Information on whether the system has uplink amplification capability and downlink amplification capability;

[0307] Information on uplink amplification capabilities;

[0308] Information on downlink amplification capabilities;

[0309] Magnification;

[0310] Other hardware capability information;

[0311] Information that may affect downlink receiving sensitivity, such as the bypass resistor of the reflection amplifier;

[0312] Information about whether the transmit power level of the Uu interface or SL interface is supported

[0313] Adjustable power headroom information.

[0314] Optionally, the above information reporting method may include:

[0315] Reported when sending a random access request; for example, the tag is reported in Msg1 that initiates uplink on PRACH, or the tag is reported in the first RN16 sent after receiving the query. Here, Msg 1 can also correspond to Msg A in the two-step RACH.

[0316] Report after receiving query signaling and paging signaling; for example, the tag periodically monitors the paging message to establish a service connection, and then the tag can report based on the paging message obtained by decoding the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and the configured uplink transmission resources;

[0317] Report after receiving the confirmation command (ACK) from the read / write device; for example, the tag reports when sending EPC after receiving ACK;

[0318] Report when sending control information; specifically, Msg does not report information. In the second interaction of the access process, when the tag sends Msg 3 information containing ID or user flag from the core network to the base station according to the timing advance (TA), resource configuration and power control information indicated by the scheduling, the information to be reported is reported together with Msg 3; or no information is reported in the uplink channel after the query, only a temporary identity such as RN16 is sent, and the information to be reported is carried in the second uplink signal after receiving the response from the base station;

[0319] Report when reporting hardware capability information; for example, when the base station selects a tag, when the corresponding tag reports its hardware capability information, the amplified capability information will be reported together.

[0320] In the embodiment of the present application, the answering device switches to the amplified link according to the first information, and the uplink coverage can be improved through uplink amplification. The downlink receiving sensitivity can be effectively improved while improving the uplink coverage through downlink amplification. The answering device switches to the non-amplified link according to the first information, which can avoid additional power waste caused by signal amplification, which is beneficial to energy saving of the device.

[0321] Corresponding to the above method embodiment, the present application embodiment also provides a signal transmission method, such as Fig.17 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0322] S1710: The reading and writing device receives a first signal transmitted based on a target transmission power level from the answering device;

[0323] The first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on the modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device;

[0324] When the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level;

[0325] In the case where the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

[0326] By applying the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the read-write device receives a first signal transmitted based on a target transmission power level from the answering device, the first signal is a signal modulated and generated and backscattered based on a second signal sent by the read-write device, the amplified link corresponds to the second transmission power level, and the non-amplified link corresponds to the first transmission power level. In this way, the answering device can use different transmission power levels for signal transmission when it is in a non-amplified state or amplified state, which helps to enhance uplink coverage or achieve device energy saving.

[0327] In some embodiments of the present application, when the current link is an amplification link, the answering device has a second transmission power level, the second transmission power level includes multiple transmission power sub-levels, each transmission power sub-level corresponds to a different amplification factor of the amplification link, and the greater the amplification factor of the amplification link, the higher the level of the transmission power sub-level.

[0328] In some embodiments of the present application, the method may further include the following steps:

[0329] The read / write device sends a switching instruction message to the answering device, where the switching instruction message is used to instruct the answering device to perform link switching;

[0330] Link switching includes: switching between an amplified link and a non-amplified link, or switching between different amplified links.

[0331] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification link includes an uplink amplification link or a downlink amplification link, and the switching indication information includes first indication information or second indication information or third indication information or fourth indication information or fifth indication information or sixth indication information;

[0332] The first indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link;

[0333] The second indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the downlink amplified link;

[0334] The third indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the amplified link to the non-amplified link;

[0335] The fourth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link and the downlink amplified link;

[0336] The fifth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the uplink amplification link;

[0337] The sixth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the downlink amplification link.

[0338] In some embodiments of the present application, the first indication information or the second indication information or the third indication information or the fourth indication information or the fifth indication information or the sixth indication information is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0339] Transmit power level;

[0340] Modulation information.

[0341] In some embodiments of the present application, the modulation information includes at least one of the following:

[0342] On-off keying modulation mode;

[0343] On-off keying modulation rate;

[0344] Frequency shift keying modulation method;

[0345] Frequency shift keying modulation rate;

[0346] Phase shift keying modulation method;

[0347] Phase-Shift Keying modulation rate.

[0348] In some embodiments of the present application, when the switching indication information includes the first indication information, the second indication information, or the fourth indication information, the reading and writing device sends the switching indication information to the answering device, including:

[0349] The read / write device sends the first indication information, the second indication information, or the fourth indication information to the answering device in at least one of the following situations:

[0350] Detecting that the received power of the backscattered signal is less than or equal to a first threshold value;

[0351] No backscatter signal is received within a first time period;

[0352] A conflict was detected.

[0353] In some embodiments of the present application, when the switching indication information includes the third indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information, the reading and writing device sends the switching indication information to the answering device, including:

[0354] The read / write device sends the third indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information to the answering device in at least one of the following situations:

[0355] It is detected that the answering device enters a power saving state;

[0356] Interference with the backscattered signal is detected;

[0357] Detecting that the received power of the backscattered signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold value;

[0358] It is detected that the distance between the answering device and the reading and writing device is less than or equal to the third threshold value.

[0359] In some embodiments of the present application, before the reading and writing device receives the first signal transmitted based on the target transmission power level from the answering device, the method further includes:

[0360] The read / write device sends the maximum transmission power level or the minimum transmission power level of the communication interface of the answering device to the answering device.

[0361] In some embodiments of the present application, before the reading and writing device sends the switching indication information to the answering device, the method further includes:

[0362] The read / write device receives the amplification capability information from the answering device.

[0363] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification capability information includes at least one of the following:

[0364] Information on whether it has uplink amplification capability;

[0365] In the case of uplink amplification capability, information on the uplink amplification capability;

[0366] Information on whether it has downlink amplification capability;

[0367] If the downlink amplification capability is available, the downlink amplification capability information;

[0368] Information about hardware capabilities that affect downlink receive sensitivity.

[0369] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification capability information further includes at least one of the following:

[0370] Information on whether the transmit power levels of different communication interfaces are supported;

[0371] Adjustable power headroom information.

[0372] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification capability information is based on the answering device, or based on the frequency band, or based on the frequency point.

[0373] The signal transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve Fig.14 The various processes implemented by the illustrated method embodiment achieve the same technical effect and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0374] The signal transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a signal transmission device. In the embodiment of the present application, the signal transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the signal transmission method executed by the signal transmission device as an example.

[0375] like Fig.18 As shown, the signal transmission device 1800 may include the following modules:

[0376] A transmission module 1810, configured to transmit a first signal based on a target transmission power level;

[0377] The first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on the modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device;

[0378] When the current link is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level;

[0379] In the case where the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

[0380] Using the device provided in the embodiment of the present application, a first signal is transmitted based on a target transmission power level, the first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on modulation of a second signal sent by a read / write device, the amplified link corresponds to the second transmission power level, and the non-amplified link corresponds to the first transmission power level. In this way, the answering device can use different transmission power levels for signal transmission when it is in a non-amplified state or amplified state, which helps to enhance uplink coverage or achieve device energy saving.

[0381] In some embodiments of the present application, when the current link is an amplification link, the answering device has a second transmission power level, the second transmission power level includes multiple transmission power sub-levels, each transmission power sub-level corresponds to a different amplification factor of the amplification link, and the greater the amplification factor of the amplification link, the higher the level of the transmission power sub-level.

[0382] In some embodiments of the present application, the signal transmission device 1800 further includes an execution module, which is used to:

[0383] Determine whether to perform link switching according to the first information, and if it is determined that the link switching is to be performed, perform the switching operation;

[0384] Link switching includes: switching between an amplified link and a non-amplified link, or switching between different amplified links.

[0385] In some embodiments of the present application, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0386] Switching instruction information received from the read / write device;

[0387] Pre-obtained parameter information;

[0388] measurement information of the second signal;

[0389] Energy saving information;

[0390] Demodulation information of the switching indication information.

[0391] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification link includes an uplink amplification link or a downlink amplification link, and the switching indication information includes first indication information or second indication information or third indication information or fourth indication information or fifth indication information or sixth indication information;

[0392] The first indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link;

[0393] The second indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the downlink amplified link;

[0394] The third indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the amplified link to the non-amplified link;

[0395] The fourth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link and the downlink amplified link;

[0396] The fifth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the uplink amplification link;

[0397] The sixth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the downlink amplification link.

[0398] In some embodiments of the present application, the first indication information or the second indication information or the third indication information or the fourth indication information or the fifth indication information is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0399] Transmit power level;

[0400] Modulation information.

[0401] In some embodiments of the present application, the modulation information includes at least one of the following:

[0402] On-off keying modulation mode;

[0403] On-off keying modulation rate;

[0404] Frequency shift keying modulation method;

[0405] Frequency shift keying modulation rate;

[0406] Phase shift keying modulation method;

[0407] Phase-Shift Keying modulation rate.

[0408] In some embodiments of the present application, the parameter information includes information on an energy storage efficiency threshold or a duration threshold of a signaling demodulation failure or a number threshold of a signaling demodulation failure.

[0409] In some embodiments of the present application, when the first information includes measurement information of the second signal, the signal transmission device 1800 further includes a first reporting module, which is used to:

[0410] In case of determining to switch from the non-amplified link to the amplified link, determining an available transmit power level according to the measurement information of the second signal;

[0411] Report the available transmit power level or the duration of the available transmit power level.

[0412] In some embodiments of the present application, the measurement information of the second signal includes at least one of the following:

[0413] reference signal received power;

[0414] Received signal strength indication;

[0415] Reference signal reception quality;

[0416] Signal-to-interference-noise ratio.

[0417] In some embodiments of the present application, when the first information includes demodulation information of the switching indication information, the execution module is used to:

[0418] Whether to perform link switching is determined according to whether the demodulated information of the switching indication information is correct.

[0419] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification link includes an uplink amplification link or a downlink amplification link, and the execution module is used to:

[0420] In the case of determining to perform link switching, if switching is performed from a non-amplified link to an uplink amplified link, switching is also performed to a downlink amplified link;

[0421] Or, in the case where it is determined to perform link switching, if switching is performed from the non-amplified link to the downlink amplified link, switching is also performed to the uplink amplified link, or switching is not performed to the uplink amplified link.

[0422] In some embodiments of the present application, the target transmit power level is less than or equal to the maximum transmit power level;

[0423] Or, the target transmit power level is greater than or equal to the minimum transmit power level.

[0424] In some embodiments of the present application, the maximum transmission power level or the minimum transmission power level is pre-configured or indicated by the reading and writing device.

[0425] In some embodiments of the present application, the maximum transmit power level is the transmit power level corresponding to the set amplification factor of the amplification link.

[0426] In some embodiments of the present application, the signal transmission device 1800 further includes a second reporting module, which is used to:

[0427] Before determining whether to perform link switching according to the first information, the amplification capability information is reported.

[0428] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification capability information includes at least one of the following:

[0429] Information on whether it has uplink amplification capability;

[0430] In the case of uplink amplification capability, information on the uplink amplification capability;

[0431] Information on whether it has downlink amplification capability;

[0432] If the downlink amplification capability is available, the downlink amplification capability information;

[0433] Information about hardware capabilities that affect downlink receive sensitivity.

[0434] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification capability information further includes at least one of the following:

[0435] Information on whether the transmit power levels of different communication interfaces are supported;

[0436] Adjustable power headroom information.

[0437] In some embodiments of the present application, the second reporting module is used to:

[0438] Report the amplification capability information in at least one of the following situations:

[0439] Sending a random access request;

[0440] Send uplink control information;

[0441] Receive query signaling;

[0442] Receiving a paging signaling;

[0443] Receiving a confirmation response signaling;

[0444] Report device capability information.

[0445] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification capability information is based on the answering device, or based on the frequency band, or based on the frequency point.

[0446] The signal transmission device 1800 provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize Fig.14 The various processes implemented by the illustrated method embodiment achieve the same technical effect and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0447] like Fig.19 As shown, the signal transmission device 1900 may include the following modules:

[0448] A receiving module 1910, configured to receive a first signal transmitted based on a target transmit power level from a response device;

[0449] The first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on the modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device;

[0450] When the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level;

[0451] In the case where the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

[0452] By using the device provided in the embodiment of the present application, a first signal transmitted based on a target transmission power level is received from a response device, wherein the first signal is a signal modulated and generated and backscattered based on a second signal sent by a read / write device, the amplified link corresponds to the second transmission power level, and the non-amplified link corresponds to the first transmission power level. In this way, the response device can use different transmission power levels for signal transmission when it is in a non-amplified state or amplified state, which helps to enhance uplink coverage or achieve device energy saving.

[0453] In some embodiments of the present application, when the current link is an amplification link, the answering device has a second transmission power level, the second transmission power level includes multiple transmission power sub-levels, each transmission power sub-level corresponds to a different amplification factor of the amplification link, and the greater the amplification factor of the amplification link, the higher the level of the transmission power sub-level.

[0454] In some embodiments of the present application, the signal transmission device 1900 further includes a sending module, which is used to:

[0455] Sending switching indication information to the answering device, where the switching indication information is used to instruct the answering device to perform link switching;

[0456] Link switching includes: switching between an amplified link and a non-amplified link, or switching between different amplified links.

[0457] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification link includes an uplink amplification link or a downlink amplification link, and the switching indication information includes first indication information or second indication information or third indication information or fourth indication information or fifth indication information or sixth indication information;

[0458] The first indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link;

[0459] The second indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the downlink amplified link;

[0460] The third indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the amplified link to the non-amplified link;

[0461] The fourth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link and the downlink amplified link;

[0462] The fifth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the uplink amplification link;

[0463] The sixth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the downlink amplification link.

[0464] In some embodiments of the present application, the first indication information or the second indication information or the third indication information or the fourth indication information or the fifth indication information is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0465] Transmit power level;

[0466] Modulation information.

[0467] In some embodiments of the present application, the modulation information includes at least one of the following:

[0468] On-off keying modulation mode; on-off keying modulation rate; frequency shift keying modulation mode; frequency shift keying modulation rate; phase shift keying modulation mode; phase shift keying modulation rate.

[0469] In some embodiments of the present application, when the switching indication information includes the first indication information, the second indication information, or the fourth indication information, the sending module is used to:

[0470] The first indication information, the second indication information, or the fourth indication information is sent to the answering device in at least one of the following situations:

[0471] Detecting that the received power of the backscattered signal is less than or equal to a first threshold value;

[0472] No backscatter signal is received within a first time period;

[0473] A conflict was detected.

[0474] In some embodiments of the present application, when the switching indication information includes the third indication information or the fifth indication information or the sixth indication information, the sending module is used to:

[0475] The third indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information is sent to the answering device in at least one of the following situations:

[0476] It is detected that the answering device enters a power saving state;

[0477] Interference with the backscattered signal is detected;

[0478] Detecting that the received power of the backscattered signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold value;

[0479] It is detected that the distance between the answering device and the reading and writing device is less than or equal to the third threshold value.

[0480] In some embodiments of the present application, the sending module is further used to:

[0481] Prior to receiving a first signal transmitted based on the target transmit power level from the answering device, a maximum transmit power level or a minimum transmit power level of the communication interface of the answering device is sent to the answering device.

[0482] In some embodiments of the present application, the receiving module 1910 is further configured to:

[0483] Prior to sending the switching indication information to the answering device, amplification capability information is received from the answering device.

[0484] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification capability information includes at least one of the following:

[0485] Information on whether it has uplink amplification capability;

[0486] In the case of uplink amplification capability, information on the uplink amplification capability;

[0487] Information on whether it has downlink amplification capability;

[0488] If the downlink amplification capability is available, the downlink amplification capability information;

[0489] Information about hardware capabilities that affect downlink receive sensitivity.

[0490] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification capability information further includes at least one of the following:

[0491] Information on whether the transmit power levels of different communication interfaces are supported;

[0492] Adjustable power headroom information.

[0493] In some embodiments of the present application, the amplification capability information is based on the answering device, or based on the frequency band, or based on the frequency point.

[0494] The signal transmission device 1900 provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize Fig.17 The various processes implemented by the illustrated method embodiment achieve the same technical effect and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0495] like Fig. 20As shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 2000, including a processor 2001 and a memory 2002, the memory 2002 stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor 2001, for example, when the communication device 2000 is a response device, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 2001 to implement the above Fig.14 When the communication device 2000 is a read-write device, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 2001 to implement the above Fig.17 The various steps of the method embodiment shown can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0496] The embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the following Fig.14 or Fig.17 The steps in the method embodiment shown. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned method embodiment on the answering device or reading and writing device side. Each implementation process and implementation method of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to this terminal embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Specifically, Fig.21 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal for implementing an embodiment of the present application.

[0497] The terminal 2100 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 2101, a network module 2102, an audio output unit 2103, an input unit 2104, a sensor 2105, a display unit 2106, a user input unit 2107, an interface unit 2108, a memory 2109 and at least some of the components of the processor 2110.

[0498] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terminal 2100 may also include a power source (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components, and the power source may be logically connected to the processor 2110 through a power management system, thereby implementing functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. Fig.21 The terminal structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently, which will not be described in detail here.

[0499] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the input unit 2104 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 21041 and a microphone 21042, and the graphics processor 21041 processes the image data of a static picture or video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 2106 may include a display panel 21061, and the display panel 21061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 2107 includes a touch panel 21071 and at least one of other input devices 21072. The touch panel 21071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 21071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 21072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and a joystick, which will not be repeated here.

[0500] In the embodiment of the present application, after receiving downlink data from the network side device, the RF unit 2101 can transmit the data to the processor 2110 for processing; in addition, the RF unit 2101 can send uplink data to the network side device. Generally, the RF unit 2101 includes but is not limited to an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.

[0501] The memory 2109 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 2109 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, an application program or instruction required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory 2109 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and a direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 2109 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0502] The processor 2110 may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 2110 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to an operating system, a user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understandable that the modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 2110.

[0503] It can be understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0504] The embodiment of the present application also provides a network side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the following Fig.17The steps of the method embodiment shown. The network side device embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned read-write device side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to the network side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0505] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application also provides a network side device. Fig. 22 As shown, the network side device 2200 includes: an antenna 2201, a radio frequency device 2202, a baseband device 2203, a processor 2204 and a memory 2205. The antenna 2201 is connected to the radio frequency device 2202. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 2202 receives information through the antenna 2201 and sends the received information to the baseband device 2203 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 2203 processes the information to be sent and sends it to the radio frequency device 2202. The radio frequency device 2202 processes the received information and sends it out through the antenna 2201.

[0506] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 2203, which includes a baseband processor.

[0507] The baseband device 2203 may include, for example, at least one baseband board on which a plurality of chips are arranged. Fig. 22 As shown, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 2205 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 2205 to execute the network side device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0508] The network side device may further include a network interface 2206, which is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0509] Specifically, the network side device 2200 of the embodiment of the present invention further includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 2205 and executable on the processor 2204, and the processor 2204 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 2205 to execute Fig.19 The methods executed by the modules shown achieve the same technical effects, and therefore will not be described here in detail to avoid repetition.

[0510] The embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the above Fig.14 or Fig.17 The various processes of the method embodiment shown can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0511] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0512] The present application also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the above Fig.14 or Fig.17 The various processes of the method embodiment shown can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0513] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0514] The present application embodiment further provides a computer program / program product, wherein the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the above Fig.14 or Fig.17 The various processes of the method embodiment shown can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0515] The embodiment of the present application also provides a wireless communication system, including: a response device and a read-write device, wherein the response device can be used to perform the above Fig.14 The steps of the method shown in the figure, the read-write device can be used to perform the above-mentioned Fig.17 The steps of the method are shown.

[0516] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the method and device in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0517] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of a computer software product plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, disk, CD, etc.), including several instructions to enable a terminal or a network-side device to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0518] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms of implementation methods without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, and these implementation methods are all within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: include: The answering device transmits a first signal based on the target transmit power level; Wherein, the first signal is a signal modulated and backscattered based on the second signal sent by the read / write device; In the case where the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level; In the case that the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the case where the current link is the amplification link, the response device has the second transmission power level, the second transmission power level includes multiple transmission power sub-levels, each transmission power sub-level corresponds to a different amplification factor of the amplification link, and the larger the amplification factor of the amplification link, the higher the level of the transmission power sub-level.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the first information, and performs a switching operation if it is determined to perform link switching; The link switching includes: switching between the amplified link and the non-amplified link, or switching between different amplified links.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first information includes at least one of the following: Switching indication information received from the read-write device; Pre-obtained parameter information; measurement information of the second signal; Energy saving information; Demodulation information of the switching indication information.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The amplification link includes an uplink amplification link or a downlink amplification link, and the switching indication information includes first indication information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fifth indication information, or sixth indication information; The first indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link; The second indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the downlink amplified link; The third indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the amplified link to the non-amplified link; The fourth indication information is used to instruct the response device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link and the downlink amplified link; The fifth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the uplink amplification link; The sixth indication information is used to instruct the response device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the downlink amplification link.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information is further used to indicate at least one of the following: Transmit power level; Modulation information.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The modulation information includes at least one of the following: On-off keying modulation mode; On-off keying modulation rate; Frequency shift keying modulation method; Frequency shift keying modulation rate; Phase shift keying modulation method; Phase-Shift Keying modulation rate.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that The parameter information includes information on energy storage efficiency threshold or a duration threshold of signaling demodulation failure or a number threshold of signaling demodulation failure.

9. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that In the case where the first information includes measurement information of the second signal, the method further includes: The answering device determines, when determining to switch from the non-amplified link to the amplified link, an available transmission power level according to the measurement information of the second signal; The answering device reports the available transmit power level or a duration of the available transmit power level.

10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that The measurement information of the second signal includes at least one of the following: reference signal received power; Received signal strength indication; Reference signal reception quality; Signal-to-interference-noise ratio.

11. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that In a case where the first information includes demodulation information of the switching indication information, the response device determines whether to perform link switching according to the first information, including: The response device determines whether to perform link switching according to whether demodulated information of the switching indication information is correct.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The amplified link includes an uplink amplified link or a downlink amplified link. When the answering device determines to perform link switching, the answering device performs a switching operation, including: When the answering device determines to switch the link, if it switches from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link, it also switches to the downlink amplified link; Or, when the response device determines to perform link switching, if it switches from the non-amplified link to the downlink amplified link, it also switches to the uplink amplified link, or does not switch to the uplink amplified link.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The target transmit power level is less than or equal to the maximum transmit power level; Or, the target transmit power level is greater than or equal to the minimum transmit power level.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The maximum transmission power level or the minimum transmission power level is pre-configured or indicated by the read / write device.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that The maximum transmit power level is the transmit power level corresponding to the set amplification factor of the amplification link.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that Before the answering device determines whether to perform link switching according to the first information, the method further includes: The answering device reports amplification capability information.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The amplification capability information includes at least one of the following: Information on whether it has uplink amplification capability; In the case of uplink amplification capability, information on the uplink amplification capability; Information on whether it has downlink amplification capability; If the downlink amplification capability is available, the downlink amplification capability information; Information about hardware capabilities that affect downlink receive sensitivity.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The amplification capability information also includes at least one of the following: Information on whether the transmit power levels of different communication interfaces are supported; Adjustable power headroom information.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that The answering device reports the amplification capability information, including: The answering device reports the amplification capability information in at least one of the following situations: Sending a random access request; Send uplink control information; Receive query signaling; Receiving a paging signaling; Receiving a confirmation response signaling; Report device capability information.

20. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that The amplification capability information is based on the answering device, or based on a frequency band, or based on a frequency point.

21. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: include: The reader / writer device receives a first signal transmitted based on a target transmission power level from the answering device; Wherein, the first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device; In the case where the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level; In the case that the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that In the case where the current link is the amplification link, the response device has the second transmission power level, the second transmission power level includes multiple transmission power sub-levels, each transmission power sub-level corresponds to a different amplification factor of the amplification link, and the larger the amplification factor of the amplification link, the higher the level of the transmission power sub-level.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that The method further comprises: The read / write device sends switching instruction information to the answering device, where the switching instruction information is used to instruct the answering device to perform link switching; The link switching includes: switching between the amplified link and the non-amplified link, or switching between different amplified links.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The amplification link includes an uplink amplification link or a downlink amplification link, and the switching indication information includes first indication information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fifth indication information, or sixth indication information; The first indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link; The second indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the non-amplified link to the downlink amplified link; The third indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the amplified link to the non-amplified link; The fourth indication information is used to instruct the response device to switch from the non-amplified link to the uplink amplified link and the downlink amplified link; The fifth indication information is used to instruct the answering device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the uplink amplification link; The sixth indication information is used to instruct the response device to switch from the uplink amplification link and the downlink amplification link to the downlink amplification link.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information is further used to indicate at least one of the following: Transmit power level; Modulation information.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The modulation information includes at least one of the following: On-off keying modulation mode; On-off keying modulation rate; Frequency shift keying modulation method; Frequency shift keying modulation rate; Phase shift keying modulation method; Phase-Shift Keying modulation rate.

27. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that In a case where the switching indication information includes the first indication information or the second indication information or the fourth indication information, the reading and writing device sending the switching indication information to the answering device includes: The read / write device sends the first indication information, the second indication information, or the fourth indication information to the answering device in at least one of the following situations: Detecting that the received power of the backscattered signal is less than or equal to a first threshold value; No backscatter signal is received within a first time period; A conflict was detected.

28. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that In the case where the switching indication information includes the third indication information or the fifth indication information or the sixth indication information, the reading and writing device sending the switching indication information to the answering device includes: The read / write device sends the third indication information, the fifth indication information, or the sixth indication information to the answering device in at least one of the following situations: detecting that the answering device enters a power saving state; Interference with the backscattered signal is detected; Detecting that the received power of the backscattered signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold value; It is detected that the distance between the answering device and the reading and writing device is less than or equal to a third threshold value.

29. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 28, characterized in that Before the read / write device sends the switching indication information to the answering device, the method further includes: The read / write device receives amplification capability information from the answering device.

30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that The amplification capability information includes at least one of the following: Information on whether it has uplink amplification capability; In the case of uplink amplification capability, information on the uplink amplification capability; Information on whether it has downlink amplification capability; If the downlink amplification capability is available, the downlink amplification capability information; Information about hardware capabilities that affect downlink receive sensitivity.

31. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that The amplification capability information also includes at least one of the following: Information on whether the transmit power levels of different communication interfaces are supported; Adjustable power headroom information.

32. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that The amplification capability information is based on the answering device, or based on a frequency band, or based on a frequency point.

33. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 32, characterized in that Before the read / write device receives a first signal transmitted based on the target transmission power level from the answering device, the method further includes: The read / write device sends the maximum transmission power level or the minimum transmission power level of the communication interface of the response device to the response device.

34. A signal transmission device, characterized in that: include: A transmission module, configured to transmit a first signal based on a target transmission power level; Wherein, the first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device; In the case where the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level; In the case that the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

35. A signal transmission device, characterized in that: include: A receiving module, configured to receive a first signal transmitted based on a target transmission power level from a response device; Wherein, the first signal is a signal generated and backscattered based on modulation of the second signal sent by the read / write device; In the case where the current link of the answering device is a non-amplified link, the answering device is in a signal non-amplified state, and the target transmission power level is a first transmission power level; In the case that the current link is an amplification link, the answering device is in a signal amplification state, and the target transmission power level is a second transmission power level, which is different from the first transmission power level.

36. A communication device, characterized in that: It includes a processor and a memory, the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the signal transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 33 are implemented.

37. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the signal transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 33 are implemented.

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