Mini-tiller four-wheel-drive gearbox and testing device thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of mini-tillers, and provides a mini-tiller four-wheel-drive gearbox and a testing device thereof.The mini-tiller four-wheel-drive gearbox comprises a first gearbox body and a second gearbox body, the second gearbox body is fixedly installed on one side face of the first gearbox body, and an input shaft is rotatably installed in the first gearbox body; one end of the input shaft is connected with an engine through a clutch, the engine is fixedly installed on the mini-tiller, and the clutch is installed in the first gearbox body. The power of an engine can be directly transmitted to an operation tool through embedding of the driven jaw and the driving jaw, the clutch shifting piece, the first reset spring, the linkage shifting fork and the gear shifting handle are arranged, during working input, after a reverse gear is engaged, the gear shifting handle can extrude the clutch shifting piece, the clutch shifting piece pushes the linkage shifting fork to move, and the operation tool is driven to work. The linkage shifting fork drives the driven jaw and the driving jaw to be separated, power is automatically cut off when the mini-tiller backs, people behind the mini-tiller are prevented from being injured, and the safety of the mini-tiller is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of micro-tillage machines, and in particular relates to a four-wheel drive gearbox of a micro-tillage machine and a testing device thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of agricultural modernization in my country, mechanized farming has gradually replaced manual farming as the main mode of agricultural production. Our country has a vast territory, diverse geographical environment, and less arable land per capita, so the small size, flexible operation, and low cost of micro-tillage machines have become the preferred agricultural machinery in rural areas of my country.

[0003] In rural China, micro-tillage machines are being used more and more widely, playing an increasingly important role in turning over the soil, ploughing and farming. Micro-tillage machines are powered by small diesel engines or gasoline engines, and have the characteristics of light weight, small size and simple structure. Micro-tillage machines are widely used in dry land, paddy fields, orchards in plains, mountainous areas and hills. Equipped with corresponding machinery, they can perform operations such as pumping water, generating electricity, spraying pesticides and watering. They can also tow trailers for short-distance transportation. Micro-tillage machines can be used freely in the fields, which is convenient for users to use and store, eliminating the trouble that large agricultural machinery cannot enter mountain fields. It is the best choice for farmers and consumers to replace ox-plowing.

[0004] Most of the existing micro-tillage machines use the main power to be diverted to the walking system and the operating system at the same time. However, there is no power cut-off mechanism on the transmission route from the main power to the operating system, i.e. the tillage implement. When the micro-tillage machine is reversed, the tillage implement is still in the rotating operating state, which may cause harm to the personnel behind the micro-tillage machine, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and a testing device thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem of low safety of the micro-tiller caused by the lack of a power cut-off mechanism on the transmission route from the main power of the micro-tiller to the operating system in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention is implemented in this way: a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tillage machine comprises a gearbox body 1 and a gearbox body 2, wherein the gearbox body 2 is fixedly mounted on one side of the gearbox body 1, the gearbox body 1 and the gearbox body 2 are both mounted on the micro-tillage machine, an input shaft is rotatably mounted inside the gearbox body 1, one end of the input shaft is connected to an engine through a clutch, the engine is fixedly mounted on the micro-tillage machine, the clutch is mounted inside the gearbox body 1, a clutch fork is mounted on the gearbox body 1, and the output end of the clutch fork is connected to the input end of the clutch;

[0007] The interior of the gearbox body is also rotatably installed with a first travel shaft, a second travel shaft and a third travel shaft, and the input shaft, the first travel shaft, the second travel shaft and the third travel shaft are distributed in a rhombus shape, an input gear is fixedly installed on the other end of the input shaft, an input driven gear that is always meshed with the input gear is fixedly installed on one end of the first travel shaft, a travel shift gear is slidably installed on the first travel shaft through a spline, and three gear gears with different diameters are arranged on the travel shift gear, a hollow gear shaft is rotatably installed on the third travel shaft, and a first travel gear and a travel gear are fixedly installed on the hollow gear shaft A third-speed travel gear, a second-speed travel gear is also fixedly installed on the third-speed travel shaft, the first-speed travel gear, the third-speed travel gear and the second-speed travel gear can respectively mesh with the three gear gears on the travel shift gear to achieve the switching of the three forward travel gears, the second-speed travel gear is always meshed with the gear at one end of the second travel shaft, a reverse intermediate gear is fixedly installed on the other end of the second travel shaft, the reverse intermediate gear is always meshed with the gear at one end of the hollow gear shaft, and the reverse intermediate gear can mesh with the gear with the smallest diameter on the travel shift gear to achieve the switching of the reverse travel gear;

[0008] One end of the walking three-axis is transmission-connected with a wheel assembly, and the wheel assembly is installed on the gearbox body 1. The wheel assembly is used to drive the micro-tiller to walk. The driving force of the engine can be transmitted to the walking three-axis in sequence through the clutch, the input shaft, the input gear, the input passive gear, the walking first axis, the walking shift gear, and the walking second gear (the walking first gear gear, the walking third gear gear or the reverse intermediate gear). The walking three-axis drives the wheel assembly to rotate, and the wheel assembly drives the micro-tiller to move forward;

[0009] The second gearbox body is internally rotatably mounted with a first auxiliary shaft, a second auxiliary shaft and a working output gear shaft, the first auxiliary shaft, the second auxiliary shaft and the working output gear shaft are arranged in a triangle, the end of the first auxiliary shaft close to the first gearbox body is slidably mounted with a passive tooth insert through a spline, the end of the first travel shaft close to the second gearbox body is fixedly mounted with an active tooth insert, the passive tooth insert and the active tooth insert can be engaged, so that the power on the first travel shaft can be transmitted to the first auxiliary shaft;

[0010] The gearbox body is also equipped with a travel shift assembly, one output end of which is connected to the travel shift gear, and the other output end of which is limitedly connected to the passive tooth embedding. The travel shift assembly is used to drive the travel shift gear to slide on the travel shaft, so that the travel shift gear can be meshed with the travel first gear gear / the travel third gear gear / the travel second gear gear / the reverse intermediate gear to achieve the switching of different gears. When the travel shift gear is meshed with the reverse intermediate gear, the travel shift assembly can also drive the passive tooth embedding to move, so that the passive tooth embedding and the active tooth embedding are disengaged, the transmission of power from the travel shaft to the auxiliary shaft is disconnected, and the rotation of the auxiliary shaft is suspended, so as to facilitate the reverse of the micro-tiller;

[0011] A shift triplet gear is slidably mounted on the secondary first shaft through a spline, and the shift triplet gear is provided with three gear gears with different diameters, a hollow spline shaft three is rotatably mounted on the working output gear shaft, a working second gear gear, a working third gear gear and a working first gear gear are fixedly mounted on the hollow spline shaft three, and the working second gear gear, the working third gear gear and the working first gear gear can respectively mesh with the three gear gears on the shift triplet gear, thereby realizing the switching of the three working gears, a transition driving gear is also fixedly mounted on the hollow spline shaft three, and a hollow spline shaft two is rotatably mounted on the secondary first shaft, A transition passive gear is fixedly mounted on the hollow spline shaft No. 2, and the transition passive gear is always meshed with the transition active gear. A reversing active gear is also slidably mounted on the hollow spline shaft No. 2 through a spline. A reverse rotation intermediate gear is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary shaft No. 2, and the reverse rotation intermediate gear can mesh with the reversing active gear to achieve reverse rotation of the working tool. A working reverse rotation passive gear and a working forward rotation passive gear are also fixedly mounted on the working output gear shaft, and the working reverse rotation passive gear is always meshed with the reverse rotation intermediate gear, and the working forward rotation passive gear can mesh with the reversing active gear to achieve forward rotation of the working tool.

[0012] The gearbox body is also fixedly mounted with a working shift fork shaft, on which a shift fork and a reversing fork are slidably mounted, the shift fork is limitedly connected to the shift triple gear, the shift fork can drive the shift triple gear to slide linearly synchronously, the reversing fork is limitedly connected to the reversing driving gear, the reversing fork can drive the reversing driving gear to slide linearly synchronously, a shift rocker arm and a reversing rocker arm are rotatably mounted on the gearbox body, one end of the shift rocker arm is rotatably mounted with the shift fork, one end of the reversing rocker arm is rotatably mounted with the reversing fork, and both the shift fork and the reversing rocker arm are eccentric rocker structures;

[0013] A tool assembly is fixedly mounted on the side of the gearbox body 2, and the input end of the tool assembly is transmission-connected with one end of the working output gear shaft, and the tool assembly is used for cultivating the land.

[0014] Further technical solution: the travel assembly includes a travel shaft rotatably mounted on the gearbox body 1, an output sub-bevel gear and a travel reversing driving gear are fixedly mounted on the travel shaft 4, the output sub-bevel gear and the bevel gear at one end of the travel shaft 3 are always meshed, a travel gear shaft 5 is also rotatably mounted on the gearbox body 1, a travel reversing passive gear is fixedly mounted on the travel gear shaft 5, and the travel reversing passive gear is always meshed with the travel reversing driving gear;

[0015] A walking box is fixedly installed on the bottom of the gearbox body one, and a walking six-axis is rotatably installed on the walking box, and a walking secondary passive gear is gap-installed on the walking six-axis, and the walking secondary passive gear and the walking six-axis can slide and rotate relatively, and the walking secondary passive gear and the gear on the walking gear five-axis are always meshed, and two terminal driving pinions are slidably installed on the walking six-axis, and both end surfaces of the walking secondary passive gear are provided with internal teeth, and the terminal driving pinion can be meshed and connected with the internal teeth, and a return spring 2 is provided between the terminal driving pinion and the walking box body, and two driving shafts are also rotatably installed on the walking box body, and the two driving shafts are rotatably installed through a supporting shaft, and the two driving shafts are fixedly installed with terminal passive large gears, and the two terminal passive large gears are always meshed with the two terminal driving pinions respectively, and one end of the two driving shafts extending out of the walking box body is fixedly installed with walking wheels;

[0016] In order to facilitate turning, two travel differential forks are rotatably installed on the travel box, and the output ends of the two travel differential forks are respectively limitedly connected to one end of the two terminal driving pinions, and one end of the travel differential fork extending out of the travel box is fixedly connected to a rocker arm.

[0017] Further technical solution: the travel shift assembly comprises a travel fork shaft fixedly mounted on the gearbox body, a travel fork is slidably mounted on the travel fork shaft, one end of the travel fork is limitedly connected to the travel shift gear, and the other end of the travel fork is connected to the shift handle;

[0018] The travel shift assembly also includes a linkage fork slidably mounted on the gearbox body 1, one end of the linkage fork is connected to the passive tooth limiter, one end of the linkage fork extending from the gearbox body 1 is connected to a clutch paddle, a return spring 1 is connected between the clutch paddle and the gearbox body 1, and one end of the shift handle is connected to the clutch paddle.

[0019] Further technical solution: the tool assembly includes a knife shaft box body fixedly mounted on one side of the gearbox body 2, a working terminal gear shaft is rotatably mounted on the knife shaft box body, a working passive gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the working terminal gear shaft close to the gearbox body 2, the working passive gear is always meshed with the bevel gear on the working output gear shaft, a working knife shaft is rotatably mounted on the knife shaft box body, a terminal large gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the working knife shaft located inside the knife shaft box body, the terminal large gear is always meshed with the bevel gear on the working terminal gear shaft, and both ends of the working knife shaft extending out of the knife shaft box body are fixedly mounted with working tools;

[0020] Of course, the working tool can also be replaced with other working tools. In order to facilitate the replacement of the working tool and the working tool shaft, an inspection port is opened on the side of the tool shaft box, and a working box cover is fixedly installed on the side of the tool shaft box, and the working box cover seals the inspection port.

[0021] A testing device for a four-wheel drive gearbox of a micro-tillage machine comprises a base plate, a cross frame is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, a first telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the cross frame, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first telescopic rod, the mounting plate is used to install the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tillage machine, a soil box is also installed on the base plate, soil is contained in the soil box, after the gearbox is fixedly installed on the mounting plate, the working tool on the gearbox is extended into the soil in the soil box, so as to simulate the state of the working tool when working, in order to prevent the soil from being thrown to the outside of the soil box by the working tool, a semi-enclosing frame is fixedly connected to one end of the top of the soil box away from the mounting plate, a wheel load mechanism is also provided on the engine, the wheel load mechanism is arranged on the side of the cross frame away from the soil box, after the gearbox is fixedly installed on the mounting plate, the traveling wheel on the gearbox is contacted with the wheel load mechanism, the wheel load mechanism is used to provide a load force to the traveling wheel, so as to simulate the state of the wheel load mechanism when walking;

[0022] The engine is also fixedly connected to a vertical plate, and a working gear shift detection component, a reversing detection component and a traveling gear shift detection component are also installed on the vertical plate. The output end of the reversing detection component is connected to the reversing rocker arm, and the reversing detection component is used to test the reversing gear position. The output end of the working gear shift detection component is connected to the shift rocker arm, and the working gear shift detection component is used to test the working speed gear position. The output end of the traveling gear shift detection component is connected to the shift handle, and the traveling gear shift detection component is used to test the traveling speed change and reversing.

[0023] Further technical solution: the wheel load mechanism includes a fixed seat fixedly connected to the soil box, two transmission rollers are rotatably mounted on the fixed seat, a transmission belt is connected between the two transmission rollers, the transmission belt is made of anti-slip and wear-resistant material, a support plate is fixedly connected inside the fixed seat, the surface of the support plate contacts the inner top of the transmission belt, thereby giving support force to the walking wheel;

[0024] In order to prevent mud from entering the interior of the fixing seat, end retaining shoes are provided at both ends of the fixing seat, and one end of the end retaining shoe contacts the surface of the transmission belt;

[0025] The wheel load mechanism also includes a brake mechanism, which is mounted on a base plate. One end of the brake mechanism is connected to one end of a transmission roller. The brake mechanism is used to provide resistance to the transmission roller. The transmission roller can transfer the resistance to the traveling wheel through a transmission belt, thereby increasing the load on the traveling wheel, simulating the running state of the gearbox, and making the test results more accurate.

[0026] Further technical solution: the brake mechanism includes a brake wheel and a mounting box, the brake wheel is fixedly connected to one end of a transmission roller, the mounting box is fixedly connected to the base plate, the interior of the mounting box is slidably connected with a brake block and a push block, a first compression spring is connected between the brake block and the push block, one end of the brake block is in contact with the brake wheel, and a submission screw is rotatably installed on the side of the push block away from the brake block, and the submission screw is threadedly connected to the mounting box.

[0027] Further technical solution: The working gear shift detection component includes a second telescopic rod fixedly mounted on the vertical plate, the movable end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, a servo motor is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, a torque sensor is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor, and the output end of the torque sensor is fixedly connected to a connecting end, and the connecting end can be connected to one end of the gear shift rocker arm.

[0028] Further technical solution: the walking gear shift detection component includes a slide groove opened on the vertical plate, the interior of the slide groove is slidably connected with a slider, a third telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the slider, the movable end of the third telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a fixed block, two handle baffles are fixedly connected to the fixed block, pressure sensors are provided on the opposite sides of the two handle baffles, a fourth telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the vertical plate, and the movable end of the fourth telescopic rod is connected to the side of the slider.

[0029] Further technical solution: In order to restore the soil in the soil box to its original state for the next test, in this embodiment, a filling mechanism is also provided, the filling mechanism comprising two guide telescopic plates, the two guide telescopic plates are respectively slidably connected to the two side surfaces of the semi-enclosing frame close to the mounting plate, and a tension spring is connected between the guide telescopic plates and the semi-enclosing frame, and movable seams are provided on the side surfaces of the semi-enclosing frame and the corresponding positions of the guide telescopic plates, and a bulldozer roller is slidably connected between the two movable seams;

[0030] A screw rod is rotatably mounted on the soil placing box, a driving block is threadedly connected to the screw rod, the driving block is slidably connected to the soil placing box, one end of the driving block is rotatably connected to one end of the bulldozer roller, a first motor is fixedly mounted on the soil placing box, and an output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod;

[0031] In order to enable the bulldozer roller to compact the soil, the filling mechanism also includes a driving gear, which is fixedly connected to one end of the bulldozer roller. A rack is fixedly connected to the soil placing box, and the driving gear is meshed with the rack.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention can directly transmit the power of the engine to the working tool through the engagement of the passive tooth engagement and the active tooth engagement. By arranging the clutch paddle, the return spring 1, the linkage fork and the shift handle, when the work input is in reverse gear, the shift handle will squeeze the clutch paddle, the clutch paddle pushes the linkage fork to move, and the linkage fork drives the passive tooth engagement and the active tooth engagement to disengage, so that the power is automatically disconnected when reversing, so as to avoid injuries to the personnel behind the micro-tiller, and improve the safety of the micro-tiller;

[0034] 2. The present invention realizes the connection and disconnection of power by arranging a clutch between the engine and the input shaft through the direct connection between the engine and the gearbox. When traveling, 3 forward gears + 1 reverse gear are realized through the traveling shift gear, which is more flexible to use;

[0035] 3. The present invention arranges a differential structure in the terminal secondary transmission mechanism by arranging a rocker arm, a secondary travel passive gear, a terminal active pinion and a second return spring. When turning, the rocker arm drives the terminal active pinion to disengage from the secondary travel passive gear, disconnecting the power connection on this side, thereby realizing driving turning;

[0036] 4. By setting the shift fork, shift rocker arm and shift triple gear, 3 working gears can be switched during operation. By setting the reversing fork, reversing driving gear and reversing rocker arm, the forward and reverse rotation of the working tool can be switched. After the two mechanisms are combined, 3 forward low-speed rotary tillage gears + 3 rear high-speed ditching gears can be realized, which makes the operation more flexible and different gears can be used according to different environments;

[0037] 5. The test device of the present invention loads the working tool by setting a soil box so that the working tool is inserted into the soil in the soil box to simulate the working state of the working tool. The wheel load mechanism provides a load force to the traveling wheel to simulate the walking state of the wheel load mechanism, thereby simulating the entire working state of the micro-tillage machine. The test result in this state is more accurate.

[0038] 6. In the present invention, after the gearbox test is completed, the soil can be quickly pushed back to its original position and compacted through the soil filling mechanism for subsequent testing. There is no need for manual soil filling, which reduces the workload of the staff and is more convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a front unfolded cross-sectional schematic diagram of the micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the front view of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tillage machine in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tillage machine in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a side partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tillage machine in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the testing device of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tillage machine in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a testing device for a four-wheel drive gearbox of a micro-tiller in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram at point A in the middle.

[0046] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0047] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram at point C in the middle.

[0048] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the testing device of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tillage machine during soil filling operation in the present invention.

[0049] In the attached figure: 1, engine; 2, clutch; 3, input shaft; 4, clutch fork; 5, input passive gear; 6, input gear; 7, travel fork shaft; 8, travel fork; 9, shift handle; 10, travel shaft 1; 11, travel shift gear; 12, clutch paddle; 13, return spring 1; 14, active tooth; 15, linkage fork; 16, passive tooth; 17, shift fork; 18, shift rocker arm; 19, shift triple gear; 20. Transition passive gear; 21. Reversing fork; 22. Reversing driving gear; 23. Working fork shaft; 24. Transmission case 2; 25. Hollow spline shaft 2; 26. Auxiliary shaft 1; 27. Counter-rotating intermediate gear; 28. Auxiliary shaft 2; 29. ​​Working counter-rotating passive gear; 30. Working output gear shaft; 31. Working passive gear; 32. Cutter shaft case; 33. Working end gear shaft; 34. End large gear; 35. Working case cover; 36. Working knife shaft; 37, working tool; 38, working positive rotation passive gear; 39, transition driving gear; 40, hollow spline shaft three; 41, working second gear; 42, working third gear; 43, working first gear; 44, reverse intermediate gear; 45, gearbox body one; 46, travel third shaft; 47, hollow gear shaft; 48, travel first gear; 49, travel third gear; 50, travel second gear; 51, travel differential fork; 52 , walking box; 53, rocker arm; 54, walking second axis; 55, output secondary bevel gear; 56, walking fourth axis; 57, walking reversing driving gear; 58, walking gear fifth axis; 59, walking reversing passive gear; 60, walking secondary passive gear; 61, terminal driving pinion; 62, return spring second; 63, walking sixth axis; 64, terminal passive large gear; 65, support shaft; 66, drive shaft; 67, walking wheel; 68, reversing rocker arm;

[0050] 71. Bottom plate; 72. Soil placing box; 73. Horizontal frame; 74. First telescopic rod; 75. Mounting plate; 76. Wheel load mechanism; 761. Support plate; 762. Driving belt; 763. End stopper; 764. Driving roller; 765. Fixed seat; 77. Braking mechanism; 771. Braking wheel; 772. Braking block; 773. First compression spring; 774. Mounting box; 775. Pushing block; 776. Submitting screw; 78. Vertical plate; 79. Filling mechanism; 791. Pushing roller; 792. First motor; 793. Driving gear; 794. Driving Moving block; 795, rack; 796, movable joint; 797, tension spring; 798, screw rod; 799, guide telescopic plate; 80, semi-enclosing frame; 81, working gear shift detection assembly; 811, connecting end; 812, torque sensor; 813, servo motor; 814, fixed plate; 815, second telescopic rod; 82, walking gear shift detection assembly; 821, pressure sensor; 822, handle baffle; 823, slider; 824, third telescopic rod; 825, fixed block; 826, slide groove; 827, fourth telescopic rod; 83, reversing detection assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0052] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tillage machine provided by the present invention includes a gearbox body 1 45 and a gearbox body 2 24, wherein the gearbox body 2 24 is fixedly mounted on one side of the gearbox body 1 45, and the gearbox body 1 45 and the gearbox body 2 24 are both mounted on the micro-tillage machine, and an input shaft 3 is rotatably mounted inside the gearbox body 1 45, and one end of the input shaft 3 is connected to the engine 1 through a clutch 2, and the engine 1 is fixedly mounted on the micro-tillage machine, and the clutch 2 is mounted inside the gearbox body 1 45, and a clutch fork 4 is mounted on the gearbox body 1 45, and the output end of the clutch fork 4 is connected to the input end of the clutch 2;

[0055] The gearbox body 1 45 is also rotatably mounted with a first travel shaft 10, a second travel shaft 54 ​​and a third travel shaft 46. The input shaft 3, the first travel shaft 10, the second travel shaft 54 ​​and the third travel shaft 46 are distributed in a rhombus shape. The other end of the input shaft 3 is fixedly mounted with an input gear 6. One end of the first travel shaft 10 is fixedly mounted with an input driven gear 5 that is always meshed with the input gear 6. A travel shift gear 11 is slidably mounted on the first travel shaft 10 through a spline. The travel shift gear 11 is provided with three gears with different diameters. A hollow gear shaft 47 is rotatably mounted on the third travel shaft 46. A first travel gear 4 8 and a third-speed gear 49 for traveling, a second-speed gear 50 for traveling is also fixedly mounted on the third-speed shaft 46, the first-speed gear 48 for traveling, the third-speed gear 49 for traveling and the second-speed gear 50 for traveling can respectively mesh with the three gear positions on the traveling gear shifting gear 11 to realize the switching of three traveling forward gear positions, the second-speed gear 50 for traveling is always meshed with the gear at one end of the second-speed shaft 54 ​​for traveling, a reverse intermediate gear 44 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the second-speed shaft 54, the reverse intermediate gear 44 is always meshed with the gear at one end of the hollow gear shaft 47, the reverse intermediate gear 44 can mesh with the gear with the smallest diameter on the traveling gear shifting gear 11 to realize the switching of the traveling reverse gear position;

[0056] One end of the walking three-axis 46 is connected to a wheel assembly, which is installed on a gearbox body 45. The wheel assembly is used to drive the micro-tiller to walk. The driving force of the engine 1 can be sequentially transmitted to the walking three-axis 46 through the clutch 2, the input shaft 3, the input gear 6, the input driven gear 5, the walking first axis 10, the walking shift gear 11, and the walking second gear 50 (the walking first gear 48, the walking third gear 49 or the reverse intermediate gear 44). The walking three-axis 46 drives the wheel assembly to rotate, and the wheel assembly drives the micro-tiller to move forward;

[0057] The gearbox body 24 is internally rotatably mounted with a secondary shaft 1 26, a secondary shaft 28 and a working output gear shaft 30, the secondary shaft 1 26, the secondary shaft 28 and the working output gear shaft 30 are arranged in a triangle, the passive tooth insert 16 is slidably mounted on the end of the secondary shaft 26 close to the gearbox body 1 45 through a spline, and the active tooth insert 14 is fixedly mounted on the end of the travel shaft 10 close to the gearbox body 2 24, the passive tooth insert 16 and the active tooth insert 14 can be engaged, so that the power on the travel shaft 10 can be transmitted to the secondary shaft 1 26;

[0058] The gearbox body 1 45 is also provided with a travel shift assembly, one output end of which is connected to the travel shift gear 11, and the other output end thereof is limitedly connected to the passive tooth embedment 16. The travel shift assembly is used to drive the travel shift gear 11 to slide on the travel shaft 10, so that the travel shift gear 11 can mesh with the travel first gear 48 / the travel third gear 49 / the travel second gear 50 / the reverse intermediate gear 44 to achieve the switching of different gears. When the travel shift gear 11 is meshed with the reverse intermediate gear 44, the travel shift assembly can also drive the passive tooth embedment 16 to move, so that the passive tooth embedment 16 and the active tooth embedment 14 are disengaged, the transmission of power from the travel shaft 10 to the auxiliary shaft 26 is disconnected, and the rotation of the auxiliary shaft 26 is suspended, so as to facilitate the reverse of the micro-tiller;

[0059] The shift triple gear 19 is slidably mounted on the secondary first shaft 26 through a spline, and the shift triple gear 19 is provided with three gears with different diameters. The working output gear shaft 30 is rotatably mounted with a hollow spline shaft 3 40, and the working second gear 41, the working third gear 42 and the working first gear 43 are fixedly mounted on the hollow spline shaft 3 40. The working second gear 41, the working third gear 42 and the working first gear 43 can respectively mesh with the three gear gears on the shift triple gear 19, thereby realizing the switching of the three working gears. The transition driving gear 39 is also fixedly mounted on the hollow spline shaft 3 40. The secondary first shaft 26 is rotatably mounted with a hollow spline shaft 2 25. The second hollow spline shaft 25 is fixedly mounted with a transition passive gear 20, and the transition passive gear 20 is always meshed with the transition active gear 39. The second hollow spline shaft 25 is also slidably mounted with a reversing active gear 22 through a spline. The second auxiliary shaft 28 is fixedly mounted with a reverse rotation intermediate gear 27, and the reverse rotation intermediate gear 27 can mesh with the reversing active gear 22 to achieve the reverse rotation of the working tool. The working output gear shaft 30 is also fixedly mounted with a working reverse rotation passive gear 29 and a working forward rotation passive gear 38, and the working reverse rotation passive gear 29 is always meshed with the reverse rotation intermediate gear 27, and the working forward rotation passive gear 38 can mesh with the reversing active gear 22 to achieve the forward rotation of the working tool.

[0060] The gearbox body 45 is also fixedly mounted with a working fork shaft 23, on which a shift fork 17 and a reversing fork 21 are slidably mounted, the shift fork 17 and the shift triple gear 19 are limitedly connected, the shift fork 17 can drive the shift triple gear 19 to slide linearly synchronously, the reversing fork 21 and the reversing driving gear 22 are limitedly connected, the reversing fork 21 can drive the reversing driving gear 22 to slide linearly synchronously, a shift rocker arm 18 and a reversing rocker arm 68 are rotatably mounted on the gearbox body 45, one end of the shift rocker arm 18 is rotatably mounted with the shift fork 17, one end of the reversing rocker arm 68 is rotatably mounted with the reversing fork 21, and both the shift fork 17 and the reversing rocker arm 68 are eccentric rocker structures;

[0061] A tool assembly is fixedly mounted on the side of the gearbox body 24 , and the input end of the tool assembly is transmission-connected with one end of the working output gear shaft 30 , and the tool assembly is used for cultivating the land.

[0062] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox and a test device thereof provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the walking assembly includes a walking four-axis 56 rotatably mounted on a gearbox body 45, an output sub-bevel gear 55 and a walking reversing driving gear 57 are fixedly mounted on the walking four-axis 56, the output sub-bevel gear 55 and the bevel gear at one end of the walking three-axis 46 are always meshed, the gearbox body 45 is also rotatably mounted with a walking gear five-axis 58, a walking reversing passive gear 59 is fixedly mounted on the walking gear five-axis 58, and the walking reversing passive gear 59 and the walking reversing active gear 57 are always meshed;

[0063] A travel box 52 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the gearbox body 45, and a travel six-axis 63 is rotatably installed on the travel box 52. A travel secondary passive gear 60 is installed in the gap on the travel six-axis 63. The travel secondary passive gear 60 and the travel six-axis 63 can slide and rotate relative to each other. The travel secondary passive gear 60 and the gear on the travel gear five-axis 58 are always meshed. Two terminal active pinions 61 are slidably installed on the travel six-axis 63. Both end surfaces of the travel secondary passive gear 60 are provided with internal teeth. The gear 61 can be connected with the inner teeth meshing, and a return spring 2 62 is arranged between the terminal driving pinion 61 and the walking box 52. Two driving shafts 66 are also rotatably mounted on the walking box 52. The two driving shafts 66 are rotatably mounted through a support shaft 65. The two driving shafts 66 are fixedly mounted with terminal passive large gears 64. The two terminal passive large gears 64 are always meshed with the two terminal driving pinions 61 respectively. The ends of the two driving shafts 66 extending out of the walking box 52 are fixedly mounted with walking wheels 67.

[0064] To facilitate turning, two travel differential forks 51 are rotatably mounted on the travel box 52, and the output ends of the two travel differential forks 51 are respectively limitedly connected to one end of the two terminal driving pinions 61, and one end of the travel differential fork 51 extending out of the travel box 52 is fixedly connected to a rocker arm 53.

[0065] The front of the walking three-axis 46 is meshed with multiple sets of gears through sliding, so as to realize three forward speeds and one reverse speed of the input shaft. Then, its transmission route is: walking three-axis 46-output secondary bevel gear 55-walking four-axis 56-walking reversing driving gear 57-walking reversing passive gear 59-walking gear five-axis 58-walking secondary passive gear 60. The end faces of the walking secondary passive gear 60 have internal teeth on both sides, and the internal teeth mesh with the terminal active pinion 61 to transmit power. The walking secondary passive gear 60-terminal active pinion 61-terminal passive large gear 64-drive shaft 66-walking wheel 67 realizes walking.

[0066] There are return springs 62 on both sides of the terminal driving pinion 61. The return springs 62 push the terminal driving pinion 61 inward, so that the terminal driving pinion 61 is combined with the inner teeth on the end faces of the two-stage traveling passive gear 60. When working forward, the inner teeth are often engaged. When turning, the rocker arm 53 on one side can be controlled to rotate, and the rocker arm 53 drives the traveling differential fork 51 to rotate. The traveling differential fork 51 pushes the terminal driving pinion 61 on one side to move outward, so that the terminal driving pinion 61 is disengaged from the inner teeth of the two-stage traveling passive gear 60. After the transmission of the terminal driving pinion 61 on one side is disconnected, the terminal driving pinion 61 on the other side continues to transmit to achieve steering.

[0067] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and a test device thereof provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the travel shift assembly comprises a travel fork shaft 7 fixedly mounted on a gearbox body 45, a travel fork 8 is slidably mounted on the travel fork shaft 7, one end of the travel fork 8 is limitedly connected to a travel shift gear 11, and the other end of the travel fork 8 is connected to a shift handle 9;

[0068] The travel shift assembly also includes a linkage fork 15 slidably mounted on a gearbox body 45, one end of the linkage fork 15 is limitedly connected to a passive tooth 16, one end of the linkage fork 15 extending out of the gearbox body 45 is connected to a clutch paddle 12, a return spring 13 is connected between the clutch paddle 12 and the gearbox body 45, and one end of the shift handle 9 is connected to the clutch paddle 12.

[0069] When the shift handle 9 drives the travel shift fork 8 and the travel shift gear 11 to switch to the reverse gear, the shift handle 9 will also drive the clutch paddle 12 and the linkage fork 15 to move, and the linkage fork 15 drives the passive tooth 16 to disengage the active tooth 14, disconnecting the connection between the auxiliary shaft 26 and the travel shaft 10; when the shift handle 9 drives the travel shift gear 11 to switch to the forward gear, the shift handle 9 will relax the pressure on the clutch paddle 12, and the return spring 13 will push the clutch paddle 12 and the linkage fork 15 back to their original positions, and the linkage fork 15 drives the passive tooth 16 to engage with the active tooth 14 again.

[0070] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a micro-tiller four-wheel drive gearbox and a test device thereof provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the tool assembly includes a knife shaft box body 32 fixedly mounted on one side of the gearbox body 24, a working terminal gear shaft 33 is rotatably mounted on the knife shaft box body 32, a working terminal gear shaft 33 is fixedly mounted on one end of the working terminal gear shaft 33 close to the gearbox body 24, the working passive gear 31 is always meshed with the bevel gear on the working output gear shaft 30, a working knife shaft 36 is rotatably mounted on the knife shaft box body 32, a terminal large gear 34 is fixedly mounted on one end of the working knife shaft 36 located inside the knife shaft box body 32, the terminal large gear 34 is always meshed with the bevel gear on the working terminal gear shaft 33, and both ends of the working knife shaft 36 extending out of the knife shaft box body 32 are fixedly mounted with working tools 37;

[0071] Of course, the working tool 37 can also be replaced with other working tools. In order to facilitate the replacement of the working tool 37 and the working tool shaft 36, an inspection port is opened on the side of the tool shaft box 32, and a working box cover 35 is fixedly installed on the side of the tool shaft box 32, and the working box cover 35 blocks the inspection port.

[0072] Working principle:

[0073] 1. Walking Department:

[0074] (1) Forward transmission: The power of the engine 1 is transmitted to the input shaft 3 through the clutch 2, and the input gear 6 and the input driven gear 5 are meshed, so that the power on the input shaft 3 is transmitted to the first travel shaft 10. The travel shift gear 11 slides on the first travel shaft 10 and is respectively meshed with the first travel gear 48 and the third travel gear 49 on the third travel shaft 46. Since the hollow gear shaft 47 is always meshed with the reverse intermediate gear 44, the second travel shaft 54 ​​is always meshed with the second travel gear 50, and the second travel gear 50 transmits the power to the third travel shaft 46, realizing the output of the first and third forward speeds;

[0075] The travel shift gear 11 is meshed with the travel second gear gear 50, and can directly transmit power to the travel third shaft 46 to achieve the forward second gear speed output, wherein the diameter of the travel first gear gear 48 is greater than the diameter of the travel second gear gear 50 and greater than the diameter of the travel third gear gear 49;

[0076] Forward first gear transmission route: engine 1-clutch 2-input shaft 3-input gear 6-input passive gear 5-travel first shaft 10-travel shift gear 11-travel first gear 48-hollow gear shaft 47-reverse intermediate gear 44-travel second shaft 54-travel second gear 50-travel third shaft 46-output secondary bevel gear 55-travel fourth shaft 56-travel reversing driving gear 57-travel reversing passive gear 59-travel gear fifth shaft 58-travel secondary passive gear 60-end driving pinion 61-end passive large gear 64-drive shaft 66-travel wheel 67;

[0077] Forward three-speed transmission route: engine 1-clutch 2-input shaft 3-input gear 6-input passive gear 5-travel shaft 1 10-travel shift gear 11-travel third-speed gear 49-hollow gear shaft 47-reverse intermediate gear 44-travel shaft 2 54-travel second-speed gear 50-travel shaft 3 46-output secondary bevel gear 55-travel shaft 4 56-travel reversing driving gear 57-travel reversing passive gear 59-travel gear shaft 5 58-travel secondary passive gear 60-terminal driving pinion 61-terminal passive large gear 64-drive shaft 66-travel wheel 67;

[0078] Forward second gear transmission route: engine 1-clutch 2-input shaft 3-input gear 6-input driven gear 5-travel shaft 10-travel shift gear 11-travel second gear gear 50-travel shaft 3 46-output secondary bevel gear 55-travel shaft 4 56-travel reversing driving gear 57-travel reversing driven gear 59-travel gear shaft 5 58-travel second-stage driven gear 60-end driving pinion 61-end driven large gear 64-drive shaft 66-travel wheel 67.

[0079] Reverse transmission: the shift handle 9 is turned, and the shift handle 9 drives the travel shift fork 8 and the travel shift gear 11, so that the travel shift gear 11 is meshed with the reverse intermediate gear 44, and the reverse speed output is realized;

[0080] The reverse transmission route is: engine 1-clutch 2-input shaft 3-input gear 6-input passive gear 5-travel shaft 1 10-travel shift gear 11-reverse intermediate gear 44-travel shaft 2 54-travel second gear gear 50-travel shaft 3 46-output secondary bevel gear 55-travel shaft 4 56-travel reversing driving gear 57-travel reversing passive gear 59-travel gear shaft 5 58-travel secondary passive gear 60-end driving pinion 61-end passive large gear 64-drive shaft 66-travel wheel 67.

[0081] 2. Working part: three low-speed forward spins + three high-speed backward spins

[0082] Working gear;

[0083] (1) Speed ​​change and reversing output route: the first travel shaft 10 - the active tooth 14 - the passive tooth 16, the shift triple gear 19 can be meshed with the first working gear 43, the second working gear 41, and the third working gear 42 on the working output gear shaft 30, respectively, so as to realize the output of three working gear speeds, the reversing rocker arm 68 drives the reversing fork 21 to move, and the reversing fork 21 drives the reversing active gear 22 to mesh with the working positive rotation passive gear 38, so as to realize the positive rotation output;

[0084] The transmission route of the three working gears positive rotation output is: the first travel shaft 10 - the active tooth 14 - the passive tooth 16 - the auxiliary first shaft 26 - the shift triple gear 19 - the working second gear 41 (the working third gear 42, the working first gear 43) - the hollow spline shaft 3 40 - the transition active gear 39 - the transition passive gear 20 - the hollow spline shaft 25 - the reversing active gear 22 - the working positive rotation passive gear 38 - the working output gear shaft 30 - the working passive gear 31 - the working terminal gear shaft 33 - the terminal large gear 34 - the working knife shaft 36 - the working knife 37;

[0085] The reversing driving gear 22 meshes with the anti-rotation intermediate gear 27 to achieve anti-rotation output:

[0086] The three working gears have a reverse rotation output transmission route: the first travel shaft 10 - the active tooth 14 - the passive tooth 16 - the auxiliary first shaft 26 - the shift triple gear 19 - the working second gear 41 (the working third gear 42, the working first gear 43) - the hollow spline shaft 3 40 - the transition active gear 39 - the transition passive gear 20 - the hollow spline shaft 2 25 - the reversing active gear 22 - the reverse rotation intermediate gear 27 - the working reverse rotation passive gear 29 - the working output gear shaft 30 - the working passive gear 31 - the working terminal gear shaft 33 - the terminal large gear 34 - the working knife shaft 36 - the working knife 37;

[0087] (2) When reversing, disconnect the protective device of the working parts transmission:

[0088] When reversing is required, if the working parts are still in working state, the still rotating tool is easy to cause harm to the operator who does not retreat synchronously. Therefore, the present invention adds a safety protection mechanism for stopping the working parts during reversing.

[0089] Push the shift handle 9, the shift handle 9 drives the travel shift gear 11 to slide, and the travel shift gear 11 meshes with the reverse intermediate gear 44 to achieve reverse speed output;

[0090] At the same time, the shift handle 9 pushes the clutch paddle 12 to compress the return spring 13, and the clutch paddle 12 drives the linkage fork 15 to move to the left, and the linkage fork 15 pushes the passive tooth 16 to disengage from the active tooth 14, and the power is disconnected at this time.

[0091] After reversing is completed, the shift handle 9 is moved to engage the forward gear, the push rod on the shift handle 9 is disengaged from the clutch paddle 12, the return spring 13 pushes the linkage fork 15 to move to the right, the passive tooth 16 is engaged with the active tooth 14, and the operation of the working parts is restored.

[0092] 1) In the present invention, the engine 1 is directly connected to the gearbox, and the clutch 2 is arranged in the middle, so that the power connection and disconnection are realized;

[0093] 2) Traveling part: 3 forward gears + 1 reverse gear, the terminal secondary transmission mechanism is arranged with a differential structure to realize drive steering;

[0094] 3) Working part: It realizes 3 forward-rotating low-speed rotary tillage working gears + 3 rear-rotating high-speed ditching working gears, and is equipped with a tooth-embedded safety protection device during work input to disconnect the power when reversing.

[0095] Embodiment 2

[0096] The shift mechanism is the core part of a mechanical gearbox. Whether the gearbox shift mechanism is properly installed or not is directly related to the portability and reliability of the whole machine during use, and is also of great significance to improving the ride comfort of the vehicle.

[0097] The existing gear selection and shifting test of the micro-tiller gearbox is as follows: the gearbox is fixed, and its travel wheels 67 and the working tool 37 are suspended in the air, and then the engine 1 is started, and the operator manually moves the shift handle 9, the shift rocker arm 18 and the reversing rocker arm 68 to perform the gear selection and shifting test of the gearbox.

[0098] Due to the particularity of the micro-tiller's operation, its output shaft is usually subject to greater resistance when it is working. The state of the micro-tiller when it is working is very different from its state when it is unloaded, which leads to inaccurate test results of its gear selection force, gear shifting force, etc.

[0099] like Figure 1 and Figure 5-Figure 10As shown, the present invention provides a test device for a four-wheel drive gearbox of a micro-tillage machine, including a bottom plate 71, a cross frame 73 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate 71, a first telescopic rod 74 is fixedly installed on the cross frame 73, a mounting plate 75 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first telescopic rod 74, and the mounting plate 75 is used to install the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tillage machine. A soil box 72 is also installed on the bottom plate 71, and soil is contained in the soil box 72. After the gearbox is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 75, the working tool 37 on the gearbox is extended into the soil in the soil box 72 to simulate the operation. The state of the working cutter 37 when working. In order to prevent the soil from being thrown to the outside of the soil box 72 by the working cutter 37, a semi-enclosing frame 80 is fixedly connected to the top end of the soil box 72 away from the mounting plate 75. The engine 1 is also provided with a wheel load mechanism 76, which is arranged on the side of the cross frame 73 away from the soil box 72. After the gearbox is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 75, the running wheel 67 on the gearbox is brought into contact with the wheel load mechanism 76. The wheel load mechanism 76 is used to provide a load force to the running wheel 67, so as to simulate the state of the wheel load mechanism 76 when walking;

[0100] The engine 1 is also fixedly connected to a vertical plate 78, and a working gear shift detection component 81, a reversing detection component 83 and a traveling gear shift detection component 82 are also installed on the vertical plate 78. The output end of the reversing detection component 83 is connected to the reversing rocker arm 68, and the reversing detection component 83 is used to test the reversing gear position. The output end of the working gear shift detection component 81 is connected to the shift rocker arm 18, and the working gear shift detection component 81 is used to test the working speed gear position. The output end of the traveling gear shift detection component 82 is connected to the shift handle 9, and the traveling gear shift detection component 82 is used to test the traveling speed change and reversing.

[0101] like Figure 1 , Figure 5-Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tillage machine and a test device thereof provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the wheel load mechanism 76 includes a fixed seat 765 fixedly connected to the soil box 72, two transmission rollers 764 are rotatably mounted on the fixed seat 765, a transmission belt 762 is transmission-connected between the two transmission rollers 764, the transmission belt 762 is made of anti-skid and wear-resistant material, a support plate 761 is fixedly connected inside the fixed seat 765, the surface of the support plate 761 is in contact with the inner top of the transmission belt 762, thereby giving support force to the walking wheel 67;

[0102] In order to prevent mud from entering the interior of the fixing seat 765, both ends of the fixing seat 765 are provided with end retaining shoes 763, and one end of the end retaining shoe 763 contacts the surface of the transmission belt 762;

[0103] The wheel load mechanism 76 also includes a brake mechanism 77, which is installed on the base plate 71. One end of the brake mechanism 77 is connected to one end of a transmission roller 764. The brake mechanism 77 is used to provide resistance to the transmission roller 764. The transmission roller 764 can transfer the resistance to the traveling wheel 67 through the transmission belt 762, thereby increasing the load on the traveling wheel 67, simulating the running state of the gearbox, and making the test result more accurate.

[0104] like Figure 1 , Figure 5-Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and a test device thereof are provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, the brake mechanism 77 includes a brake wheel 771 and a mounting box 774. The brake wheel 771 is fixedly connected to one end of a transmission roller 764. The mounting box 774 is fixedly connected to the base plate 71. A brake block 772 and a push block 775 are slidably connected inside the mounting box 774. A first compression spring 773 is connected between the brake block 772 and the push block 775. One end of the brake block 772 is in contact with the brake wheel 771. The push block 775 is rotatably installed on the side away from the brake block 772 with a submission screw 776. The submission screw 776 is threadedly connected to the mounting box 774.

[0105] By rotating the submission screw 776, the submission screw 776 can drive the push block 775 to move, and the push block 775 can squeeze the first compression spring 773. The first compression spring 773 provides elastic force to the brake block 772, thereby increasing the friction between the brake block 772 and the brake wheel 771, that is, increasing the resistance of the transmission roller 764 when rotating.

[0106] like Figure 1 and Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and a testing device thereof are provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, the working gear shift detection component 81 includes a second telescopic rod 815 fixedly mounted on the vertical plate 78, and the movable end of the second telescopic rod 815 is fixedly connected to a fixed plate 814, and a servo motor 813 is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate 814. The output shaft of the servo motor 813 is fixedly mounted with a torque sensor 812, and the output end of the torque sensor 812 is fixedly connected to a connecting end 811, and the connecting end 811 can be connected to one end of the shift rocker arm 18.

[0107] Since the reversing rocker arm 68 and the shifting rocker arm 18 have the same structure, the structure of the reversing detection component 83 can be made the same as the structure of the working shifting detection component 81.

[0108] After the connecting end 811 is connected to the shift rocker arm 18, the servo motor 813 drives the torque sensor 812 and the connecting end 811 to rotate, and the connecting end 811 drives the shift rocker arm 18 to rotate. The torque sensor 812 can detect the torque resistance force applied to the connecting end 811 when shifting gears, thereby testing the gear force of the working gear position.

[0109] like Figure 1 and Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and a testing device thereof are provided by the present invention. Since the shift handle 9 is a push-pull type gear position, in this embodiment, the walking shift detection component 82 includes a slide groove 826 opened on the vertical plate 78, and the slide groove 826 is internally slidably connected with a slider 823. A third telescopic rod 824 is fixedly installed on the slider 823, and the movable end of the third telescopic rod 824 is fixedly connected with a fixed block 825. Two handle baffles 822 are fixedly connected to the fixed block 825, and pressure sensors 821 are provided on the opposite sides of the two handle baffles 822. A fourth telescopic rod 827 is fixedly installed on the vertical plate 78, and the movable end of the fourth telescopic rod 827 is connected to the side of the slider 823.

[0110] The shift handle 9 is inserted between the two handle baffles 822, and then the fourth telescopic rod 827 drives the slider 823 to move. The slider 823 pushes or pulls the shift handle 9 to move through the fixed block 825 and the handle baffle 822. The pressure sensor 821 can detect the resistance encountered by the shift handle 9 when shifting gears.

[0111] like Figure 1 , Figure 5-Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tillage machine and a test device thereof provided by the present invention, after the test, in order to restore the soil in the soil box 72 to its original state for the next test, in this embodiment, a filling mechanism 79 is further provided, the filling mechanism 79 comprises two guide telescopic plates 799, the two guide telescopic plates 799 are respectively slidably connected to the two side surfaces of the semi-enclosing frame 80 close to the mounting plate 75, and a tension spring 797 is connected between the guide telescopic plates 799 and the semi-enclosing frame 80, and movable slits 796 are provided on the side surfaces of the semi-enclosing frame 80 and the corresponding positions of the guide telescopic plates 799, and a pusher roller 791 is slidably connected between the two movable slits 796;

[0112] A screw rod 798 is rotatably mounted on the soil placing box 72, a driving block 794 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 798, the driving block 794 is slidably connected to the soil placing box 72, one end of the driving block 794 is rotatably connected to one end of the bulldozer roller 791, a first motor 792 is fixedly mounted on the soil placing box 72, and the output shaft of the first motor 792 is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod 798;

[0113] The first motor 792 drives the screw rod 798 to rotate, and the screw rod 798 drives the bulldozer roller 791 to move through the driving block 794, so that the bulldozer roller 791 can push and flatten the accumulated soil, and when the bulldozer roller 791 moves to the end of the semi-enclosing frame 80, the bulldozer roller 791 will continue to drive the guide telescopic plate 799 to move, and the guide telescopic plate 799 guides the bulldozer roller 791. When working, the guide telescopic plate 799 retracts into the inner wall of the semi-enclosing frame 80, leaving an opening to facilitate the installation and removal of the gearbox;

[0114] In order to enable the bulldozer roller 791 to compact the soil, the filling mechanism 79 also includes a driving gear 793, which is fixedly connected to one end of the bulldozer roller 791. A rack 795 is fixedly connected to the soil placing box 72, and the driving gear 793 is meshed with the rack 795.

[0115] When the bulldozer roller 791 drives the driving gear 793 to move horizontally, the driving gear 793 rolls along the rack 795, and the driving gear 793 drives the bulldozer roller 791 to rotate. The bulldozer roller 791 squeezes the raised soil to compact the soil, thereby more realistically simulating the soil in the field and making the test result more accurate.

[0116] When in use, the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tiller is hoisted onto the mounting plate 75 and fixed with bolts, and then the first telescopic rod 74 drives the gearbox to descend, so that the walking wheel 67 contacts the transmission belt 762, so that the working tool 37 falls into the soil box 72, and then the second telescopic rod 815 drives the connecting end 811 to approach the shift rocker arm 18, and connects the connecting end 811 and the shift rocker arm 18, connects the reversing detection assembly 83 to the reversing rocker arm 68, and the third telescopic rod 824 drives the fixing block 825 and the handle baffle 822 to approach the shift handle 9, and the shift handle 9 is stuck between the two handle baffles 822, and the installation of the detection assembly is completed;

[0117] Start the engine 1, and after transmission, the engine 1 drives the traveling wheel 67 and the working tool 37 to rotate, the wheel load mechanism 76 provides a load to the traveling wheel 67, and the soil in the soil box 72 provides a load to the working tool 37, and then the gear selection and shifting test can be carried out;

[0118] The servo motor 813 drives the torque sensor 812 and the connecting end 811 to rotate, and the connecting end 811 drives the shift rocker arm 18 to rotate. The shift rocker arm 18 drives the shift triple gear 19 to move through the shift fork 17, so that the shift triple gear 19 is meshed with different gear positions, and the speed change operation can be completed. The torque sensor 812 will detect the resistance of the connecting end 811 during the process, that is, the gear position force received by the staff when shifting gears. The testing principle of the reversing detection component 83 for the reversing rocker arm 68 is the same as that of the working shift detection component 81.

[0119] When shifting gears while walking, the fourth telescopic rod 827 drives the slider 823 to move, the slider 823 drives the third telescopic rod 824, the fixed block 825 and the handle baffle 822 to move, the handle baffle 822 drives the shift handle 9 to move, and the shift handle 9 drives the travel shift gear 11 to move through the travel fork 8, so that the travel shift gear 11 engages with different gear gears to complete the speed change, and the pressure sensor 821 will detect the resistance encountered by the shift handle 9 in this process, that is, the gear force encountered by the staff when shifting gears.

[0120] In order to facilitate direct viewing of the test results, a data processing module and a display screen may be provided on the base plate 71 , and the data detected by the torque sensor 812 and the pressure sensor 821 are processed by the data processing module and then displayed on the display screen.

[0121] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0122] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tillage machine, comprising a gearbox body 1 (45) and a gearbox body 2 (24), wherein the gearbox body 2 (24) is fixedly mounted on a side surface of the gearbox body 1 (45), characterized in that: An input shaft (3) is rotatably mounted inside the gearbox body (45), one end of the input shaft (3) is connected to the engine (1) via a clutch (2), and the clutch (2) is mounted inside the gearbox body (45); A traveling shaft (10) is rotatably mounted inside the gearbox body (45); an input gear (6) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the input shaft (3); and an input driven gear (5) which is always meshed with the input gear (6) is fixedly mounted on one end of the traveling shaft (10); A secondary first shaft (26) is rotatably mounted inside the second gearbox body (24); a passive tooth insert (16) is slidably mounted on one end of the secondary first shaft (26) close to the first gearbox body (45) via a spline; an active tooth insert (14) is fixedly mounted on one end of the first travel shaft (10) close to the second gearbox body (24); the passive tooth insert (16) and the active tooth insert (14) are capable of being engaged; The gearbox body (45) is also provided with a wheel assembly, which is connected to the first travel shaft (10) through a travel speed change transmission mechanism, and is used to drive the micro-tillage machine to travel; The travel speed change transmission mechanism comprises a travel shift assembly, the travel shift assembly is mounted on a gearbox body (45), an output end of the travel shift assembly is limitedly connected to a passive tooth insert (16), and when the travel speed change transmission mechanism drives the wheel assembly to reverse, the travel shift assembly drives the passive tooth insert (16) and the active tooth insert (14) to disengage; A tool assembly is fixedly mounted on the side of the second gearbox body (24), and the input end of the tool assembly is transmission-connected to the auxiliary first shaft (26) through a working speed change reversing transmission mechanism. The tool assembly is used for cultivating the land.

2. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The travel speed change transmission mechanism comprises a second travel shaft (54) and a third travel shaft (46), the second travel shaft (54) and the third travel shaft (46) are both rotatably mounted inside a gearbox body (45), the input shaft (3), the first travel shaft (10), the second travel shaft (54) and the third travel shaft (46) are distributed in a rhombus shape, a travel gear shifting gear (11) is slidably mounted on the first travel shaft (10) via a spline, the travel gear shifting gear (11) is provided with three gear positions with different diameters, a hollow gear shaft (47) is rotatably mounted on the third travel shaft (46), a first travel gear (48) and a third travel gear (49) are fixedly mounted on the hollow gear shaft (47), and a first travel gear (49) and a third travel gear (50) are rotatably mounted on the third travel shaft (46). The travel three-shaft (46) is also fixedly mounted with a travel second-shaft gear (50); the travel first-shaft gear (48), the travel third-shaft gear (49) and the travel second-shaft gear (50) can respectively mesh with three gear positions on the travel shift gear (11); the travel second-shaft gear (50) is always meshed with a gear at one end of the travel second shaft (54); a reverse intermediate gear (44) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the travel second shaft (54); the reverse intermediate gear (44) is always meshed with a gear at one end of the hollow gear shaft (47); and the reverse intermediate gear (44) can mesh with the gear position with the smallest diameter on the travel shift gear (11); The other output end of the travel shift assembly is connected to the travel shift gear (11), and the travel shift assembly is used to drive the travel shift gear (11) to slide on the travel shaft (10). When the travel shift gear (11) is meshed with the reverse intermediate gear (44), the travel shift assembly can drive the passive tooth insert (16) and the active tooth insert (14) to disengage. The walking assembly comprises a walking four-axis (56) rotatably mounted on a gearbox body (45), an output secondary bevel gear (55) and a walking reversing driving gear (57) being fixedly mounted on the walking four-axis (56), the output secondary bevel gear (55) and the bevel gear at one end of the walking three-axis (46) being always meshed, a walking gear five-axis (58) rotatably mounted on the gearbox body (45), a walking reversing passive gear (59) being fixedly mounted on the walking gear five-axis (58), the walking reversing passive gear (59) and the walking reversing driving gear (57) being always meshed; A travel box (52) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the gearbox body (45), a travel six-axis (63) is rotatably mounted on the travel box (52), a travel secondary passive gear (60) is gap-mounted on the travel six-axis (63), the travel secondary passive gear (60) and the gear on the travel gear five-axis (58) are always meshed, two terminal driving pinions (61) are slidably mounted on the travel six-axis (63), both end surfaces of the travel secondary passive gear (60) are provided with internal teeth, the terminal driving pinion (61) can be meshed and connected with the internal teeth, A second return spring (62) is provided between the terminal driving pinion (61) and the walking box (52); two driving shafts (66) are also rotatably mounted on the walking box (52); the two driving shafts (66) are rotatably mounted via a support shaft (65); a terminal passive large gear (64) is fixedly mounted on the two driving shafts (66); the two terminal passive large gears (64) are always meshed with the two terminal driving pinions (61) respectively; and a walking wheel (67) is fixedly mounted on one end of the two driving shafts (66) extending out of the walking box (52); Two travel differential forks (51) are rotatably mounted on the travel box (52), the output ends of the two travel differential forks (51) are respectively limitedly connected to one end of two terminal driving pinions (61), and one end of the travel differential fork (51) extending out of the travel box (52) is fixedly connected to a rocker arm (53).

3. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: The travel shift assembly comprises a travel fork shaft (7) fixedly mounted on a gearbox body (45), a travel fork (8) slidably mounted on the travel fork shaft (7), one end of the travel fork (8) being position-limitingly connected to a travel shift gear (11), and the other end of the travel fork (8) being connected to a shift handle (9); The travel shift assembly also includes a linkage shift fork (15) slidably mounted on a gearbox body (45), one end of the linkage shift fork (15) being limitedly connected to a passive tooth (16), one end of the linkage shift fork (15) extending out of the gearbox body (45) being connected to a clutch paddle (12), a return spring (13) being connected between the clutch paddle (12) and the gearbox body (45), and one end of the shift handle (9) being connected to the clutch paddle (12).

4. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working speed change reversing transmission mechanism comprises a secondary second shaft (28) and a working output gear shaft (30), the secondary second shaft (28) and the working output gear shaft (30) are both rotatably mounted inside the second gearbox body (24), the secondary first shaft (26), the secondary second shaft (28) and the working output gear shaft (30) are arranged in a triangle, a shift triple gear (19) is slidably mounted on the secondary first shaft (26) via a spline, the shift triple gear (19) is provided with three gear positions with different diameters, a hollow spline shaft (40) is rotatably mounted on the working output gear shaft (30), a working second gear (41), a working third gear (42) and a working first gear (43) are fixedly mounted on the hollow spline shaft (40), the working second gear (41), the working third gear (42) and the working first gear (43) can respectively mesh with the three gear positions on the shift triple gear (19). The hollow spline shaft (40) is also fixedly mounted with a transition driving gear (39); the auxiliary shaft (26) is rotatably mounted with a hollow spline shaft (25); the hollow spline shaft (25) is fixedly mounted with a transition passive gear (20); the transition passive gear (20) and the transition driving gear (39) are always meshed; the hollow spline shaft (25) is also slidably mounted with a reversing driving gear (22) via a spline; the auxiliary shaft (28) is fixedly mounted with a reverse rotation intermediate gear (27); the reverse rotation intermediate gear (27) can mesh with the reversing driving gear (22); the working reverse rotation passive gear (29) and the working forward rotation passive gear (38) are also fixedly mounted on the working output gear shaft (30); the working reverse rotation passive gear (29) is always meshed with the reverse rotation intermediate gear (27); the working forward rotation passive gear (38) can mesh with the reversing driving gear (22); The gearbox body (45) is also fixedly mounted with a working fork shaft (23), and a shift fork (17) and a reversing fork (21) are slidably mounted on the working fork shaft (23), the shift fork (17) and the shift triple gear (19) are limit-connected, and the reversing fork (21) and the reversing driving gear (22) are limit-connected, and a shift rocker arm (18) and a reversing rocker arm (68) are rotatably mounted on the gearbox body (45), one end of the shift rocker arm (18) is rotatably mounted with the shift fork (17), and one end of the reversing rocker arm (68) is rotatably mounted with the reversing fork (21); The tool assembly comprises a knife shaft housing (32) fixedly mounted on one side of the second gearbox housing (24); a working end gear shaft (33) is rotatably mounted on the knife shaft housing (32); a working passive gear (31) is fixedly mounted on one end of the working end gear shaft (33) close to the second gearbox housing (24); the working passive gear (31) is always meshed with a bevel gear on a working output gear shaft (30); a working knife shaft (36) is rotatably mounted on the knife shaft housing (32); a terminal large gear (34) is fixedly mounted on one end of the working knife shaft (36) located inside the knife shaft housing (32); the terminal large gear (34) is always meshed with a bevel gear on the working end gear shaft (33); and both ends of the working knife shaft (36) extending out of the knife shaft housing (32) are fixedly mounted with working tools (37).

5. A testing device for the four-wheel drive gearbox of a micro-tillage machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The engine (1) comprises a bottom plate (71), the top of the bottom plate (71) is fixedly connected to a cross frame (73), a first telescopic rod (74) is fixedly mounted on the cross frame (73), a movable end of the first telescopic rod (74) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (75), a soil placing box (72) is also mounted on the bottom plate (71), soil is contained in the soil placing box (72), a semi-enclosing frame (80) is fixedly connected to one end of the top of the soil placing box (72) away from the mounting plate (75), and a wheel load mechanism (76) is also arranged on the engine (1), and the wheel load mechanism (76) is arranged on a side of the cross frame (73) away from the soil placing box (72); The engine (1) is also fixedly connected to a vertical plate (78), and a working gear shift detection component (81), a reversing detection component (83) and a traveling gear shift detection component (82) are also mounted on the vertical plate (78); the output end of the reversing detection component (83) is connected to a reversing rocker arm (68), and the reversing detection component (83) is used to test the reversing gear position; the output end of the working gear shift detection component (81) is connected to a gear shift rocker arm (18), and the working gear shift detection component (81) is used to test the working speed change gear position; the output end of the traveling gear shift detection component (82) is connected to a gear shift handle (9), and the traveling gear shift detection component (82) is used to test the traveling speed change and reversing.

6. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox and the testing device thereof according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wheel load mechanism (76) comprises a fixed seat (765) fixedly connected to the soil box (72); two transmission rollers (764) are rotatably mounted on the fixed seat (765); a transmission belt (762) is transmission-connected between the two transmission rollers (764); a support plate (761) is fixedly connected inside the fixed seat (765); and a surface of the support plate (761) contacts the inner top of the transmission belt (762); Both ends of the fixing seat (765) are provided with end stoppers (763), and one end of the end stopper (763) is in contact with the surface of the transmission belt (762); The wheel load mechanism (76) further comprises a brake mechanism (77), wherein the brake mechanism (77) is mounted on the base plate (71), one end of the brake mechanism (77) is connected to one end of a transmission roller (764), and the brake mechanism (77) is used to provide resistance to the transmission roller (764).

7. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox and the testing device thereof according to claim 6, characterized in that: The brake mechanism (77) includes a brake wheel (771) and an installation box (774), wherein the brake wheel (771) is fixedly connected to one end of a transmission roller (764), and the installation box (774) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (71). A brake block (772) and a push block (775) are slidably connected inside the installation box (774), and a first compression spring (773) is connected between the brake block (772) and the push block (775). One end of the brake block (772) contacts the brake wheel (771), and a submission screw (776) is rotatably installed on the side of the push block (775) away from the brake block (772), and the submission screw (776) is threadedly connected to the installation box (774).

8. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox and the testing device thereof according to claim 5, characterized in that: The working gear shift detection assembly (81) comprises a second telescopic rod (815) fixedly mounted on the vertical plate (78); the movable end of the second telescopic rod (815) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (814); a servo motor (813) is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (814); a torque sensor (812) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor (813); the output end of the torque sensor (812) is fixedly connected to a connecting end (811); and the connecting end (811) can be connected to one end of a gear shift rocker arm (18).

9. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox and the testing device thereof according to claim 5, characterized in that: The walking gear shift detection component (82) comprises a slide groove (826) provided on the vertical plate (78), a slider (823) is slidably connected inside the slide groove (826), a third telescopic rod (824) is fixedly mounted on the slider (823), a movable end of the third telescopic rod (824) is fixedly connected to a fixed block (825), two handle baffles (822) are fixedly connected to the fixed block (825), and pressure sensors (821) are arranged on opposite sides of the two handle baffles (822), a fourth telescopic rod (827) is fixedly mounted on the vertical plate (78), and a movable end of the fourth telescopic rod (827) is connected to a side of the slider (823).

10. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox and the testing device thereof according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil filling mechanism (79) further comprises two guide telescopic plates (799), the two guide telescopic plates (799) being respectively slidably connected to two side surfaces of the semi-enclosing frame (80) close to the mounting plate (75), and a tension spring (797) being connected between the guide telescopic plates (799) and the semi-enclosing frame (80), and movable slits (796) being provided at corresponding positions of the side surfaces of the semi-enclosing frame (80) and the guide telescopic plates (799), and a pusher roller (791) being slidably connected between the two movable slits (796); A screw rod (798) is rotatably mounted on the soil placing box (72), a driving block (794) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (798), the driving block (794) is slidably connected to the soil placing box (72), one end of the driving block (794) is rotatably connected to one end of the bulldozer roller (791), a first motor (792) is fixedly mounted on the soil placing box (72), and an output shaft of the first motor (792) is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod (798); The soil filling mechanism (79) further comprises a driving gear (793), wherein the driving gear (793) is fixedly connected to one end of the bulldozer roller (791), and a rack (795) is fixedly connected to the soil placing box (72), and the driving gear (793) is meshed with the rack (795).

Images