Steel slag crushing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel slag crushing device and method, and relates to the technical field of crushers, the steel slag crushing device comprises two main paired rollers, a secondary paired roller is arranged below any one of the main paired rollers, a guide sliding plate forming an angle alpha with the horizontal direction is arranged under an extrusion gap between the two main paired rollers, alpha is larger than or equal to 45 degrees, the guide sliding plate inclines towards the secondary paired roller, and the angle alpha is larger than or equal to 45 degrees. The upper edge and the lower edge of a guide sliding plate are located below the two main rollers correspondingly, a plurality of round holes are formed in the guide sliding plate, the axes of the round holes are parallel to the normal of the guide sliding plate, and an anti-blocking plate is arranged on the upper edge of the axis of the round hole in the back face of the guide sliding plate. And the round holes can screen the particles after primary crushing, and the screened different particles enter different crushing mechanisms, so that the diameters of the subsequent to-be-crushed particles are roughly the same, the subsequent crushing efficiency is improved, and the productivity of producing the standard-diameter particles is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crushers, and in particular to a steel slag crushing device and method. Background Art

[0002] Steel slag is a by-product of the steel production process, formed in the smelting stage of steelmaking. Steel slag contains various elements, and the slag itself can be recycled for secondary use. In the steel slag processing process, the first thing to do is crushing the steel slag into particles of the required size.

[0003] The existing crushing device of steel slag is mainly a crusher. The commonly used crusher is a double-roll crusher. The double-roll crusher squeezes and crushes the steel slag through two rollers or multiple rollers, and controls the diameter of the particles by adjusting the gap between the rollers. The crusher with only two rollers generally requires secondary crushing, and the steel slag needs to be screened between the two crushings. There are many processes, which reduces efficiency. The crusher with multiple rollers has a secondary crushing process, but between the primary and secondary crushing, the steel slag directly enters the secondary crushing from the primary crushing, that is, there are many small particles between the large particles. During the extrusion crushing, some small particles are filled in the gaps between the large particles. The small particles will be squeezed into powder due to the effect of the large particles, and some large particles will be crushed into smaller particles due to the filling of small particles. The large particles that are not filled are crushed relatively large, which results in more particles with different diameters, and the target particle generation rate is low. To this end, we propose a steel slag crushing device and method. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a steel slag crushing device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a slag crushing device and method, comprising two main pairs of rollers, a secondary pair of rollers is arranged under any of the main pairs of rollers, the gap between the secondary pair of rollers and the adjacent main pair of rollers does not exceed the gap between the two main pairs of rollers, the secondary pair of rollers performs secondary crushing on the slag, a guide slide plate is provided directly below the extrusion gap between the two main pairs of rollers, and the guide slide plate is at an angle α to the horizontal direction, α≥45°, the guide slide plate is inclined toward the secondary pair of rollers, and the upper and lower edges of the guide slide plate are respectively located below the two main pairs of rollers, a plurality of circular holes are opened on the guide slide plate, the axis of the circular hole is parallel to the normal of the guide slide plate, the slag particles smaller than the diameter of the circular hole are screened on the guide slide plate, and the slag particles larger than the diameter of the circular hole roll at the circular hole, an anti-blocking plate is provided at the upper edge of the axis of the circular hole on the back of the guide slide plate, and the lower end of the slag particle is forced to slide when it contacts the anti-blocking plate.

[0006] Preferably, the anti-blocking plate is a semicircular rotating body, and along the axial downward direction, the inner surface curvature is continuous and the diameter decreases, and the distance from the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate to the lower center of the circular hole is not less than the diameter of the circular hole.

[0007] Preferably, the axial length of the anti-blocking plate is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the circular hole.

[0008] Preferably, the upper surface of the guide slide plate is provided with a notch inclined in the sliding direction of the slag on the lower edge side of the circular hole axis.

[0009] Preferably, a third pair of rollers is provided below the main pair of rollers opposite to the secondary pair of rollers, and a guide plate inclined toward the third pair of rollers is provided on the lower side of the guide plate.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of redirecting plates are provided on the upper surface of the guide slide plate, and the redirecting plates are arranged at an inclined angle to the end edge lines of the guide slide plate.

[0011] Preferably, a flange is provided on the outer surface of the large diameter end of the anti-blocking plate, and the anti-blocking plate is detachably mounted on the guide slide plate via the flange.

[0012] A crushing method of a steel slag crushing device comprises the following steps;

[0013] Step 1: primary crushing: the slag enters the crusher and is squeezed and crushed by two main rollers. The crushed particles fall onto the guide slide.

[0014] Step 2: This step includes three parts and is carried out simultaneously;

[0015] S1 screening: the particles that reach the guide plate after the first crushing slide along the inclined direction of the guide plate under the action of gravity. The particles with diameters smaller than the circular holes fall below the guide plate, while the particles with diameters larger than the circular holes continue to slide.

[0016] S2 changes the spatial state of the particles. When a particle with a diameter larger than the circular hole slides to the circular hole, part of the particle enters due to the vacancy of the circular hole. Under the sliding action of the particle above, the particle rolls out of the circular hole.

[0017] S3 clearing blockage: when the slender particles enter the circular hole, their lower end contacts the anti-blocking plate during rotation to prevent the particles from being blocked in the circular hole;

[0018] Step 3: This step includes two re-crushing operations performed in parallel;

[0019] S1 secondary roller crushing, the particles after S2 and S3 in step 2 slide from the guide plate to contact the secondary roller, and enter the gap between the secondary roller and the corresponding main roller for secondary crushing as the secondary roller rotates;

[0020] S2 is crushing by the third pair of rollers. The particles that have been screened and dropped from the round holes in S1 in step 2 contact the third pair of rollers under the action of the guide plate and enter the gap between the third pair of rollers and the corresponding main pair of rollers for secondary crushing.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a guide plate and circular holes on the guide plate, and the circular holes can screen the particles after the first crushing. After the screening, different particles enter different crushing mechanisms, so that the diameters of the particles to be crushed subsequently are roughly the same, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent crushing and the productivity of producing particles with target diameters;

[0023] The circular holes of the guide plate of the present invention can allow particles to roll, thereby changing their spatial state, so that they enter secondary crushing in a state that is more conducive to crushing;

[0024] The anti-blocking plate in the present invention can effectively solve the problem of particles getting blocked when entering the circular hole. The particles above and the anti-blocking plate at the bottom can automatically break away from the circular hole, so that the screening and particle state changing effects of the circular hole can continue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the guide plates in each pair of rollers of the present invention;

[0027] FIG3 is a front view of the structure of the guide plate of the present invention;

[0028] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG3 ;

[0029] FIG5 is a cross-sectional isometric view of the guide slide;

[0030] FIG6 is an enlarged view of the structure of area B in FIG5 ;

[0031] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a state where particles are stuck in a circular hole;

[0032] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of two states of the particle rotating in the circular hole with and without an anti-blocking plate;

[0033] FIG9 is a schematic diagram showing a state where particles fall into a circular hole;

[0034] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the state distribution of the redirecting plate.

[0035] In the figure: 1-main pair of rollers; 2-secondary pair of rollers; 3-guide plate; 31-notch; 4-round hole; 5-anti-blocking plate; 51-flange; 6-third pair of rollers; 7-guide plate; 8-redirecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9. The present invention provides a technical solution: a slag crushing device, comprising two main roller pairs 1, the two main roller pairs 1 are installed in the crusher at the same level and connected to a drive, the two main roller pairs 1 rotate relative to each other, that is, as shown in Figure 1, the left main roller pair 1 rotates clockwise and the right main roller pair 1 rotates counterclockwise, so that the two main roller pairs 1 squeeze and crush the slag, the secondary roller pair 2 is arranged below one of the main roller pairs 1 and forms a secondary crushing mechanism with the main roller pair 1 (the secondary roller pair 2 is not two roller bodies, but a roller body and one of the two main roller pairs 1 form a pair, and the roller pair of a single main roller pair 1 is also not understood as a pair of two, and the same applies to the subsequent third roller pair 6), the gap between the secondary roller pair 2 and the adjacent main roller pair 1 does not exceed the gap between the two main roller pairs 1, that is, secondary crushing with the same gap can be achieved, and secondary crushing with a smaller gap can also be used for particles with a smaller target diameter;

[0038] Ribs are arranged at both ends of the guide slide 3, which are fixed to the inner wall of the crusher by screws or bolts. In the state of FIG1, the horizontal width of the guide slide 3 covers the gap area between the two first main rollers 1, so that the particles after the primary crushing can fall onto the guide slide 3. The lengths of the guide slide 3, the main rollers 1 and the secondary rollers 2 are consistent. A plurality of circular holes 4 are arranged on the guide surface of the guide slide 3, and the circular holes are staggered in a regular array, that is, in a longitudinal and transverse array, adjacent to each other in a crisscross pattern. The circular holes 4 have two main functions: first, directly screening out steel slag smaller than the diameter of the circular holes 4, so as to avoid the interference of small particles during secondary crushing, resulting in more diameter items of particles produced when large particles are crushed, thereby reducing the generation rate of particles with the main target diameter of the crusher, and because small particles will occupy a certain space, the effective utilization rate of the secondary crushing is reduced, that is, when too many small particles gather into the secondary crushing mechanism, because their diameter is smaller than the gap between the secondary rollers 2 and the main rollers 1, no crushing occurs, and only The particles are transferred. Secondly, after the first crushing, the particles fall directly onto the guide slide 3. Due to the continuity of the crushing work, most of the particles will not collide and splash. The particles that fall in front will be collided by the particles that fall later, and then the particles slide downward on the guide slide 3. The circular hole 4 is provided to enable the particles to roll in a small range during the downward sliding process, thereby changing the state during the secondary crushing. Because the particles fall to the guide slide 3 after the first crushing, due to the center of gravity of the particles, when they reach the guide slide 3 and slide, most of them are in a flat state, such as coins falling to the ground, which are basically lying flat on the ground. This is an extreme case, and most of the steel slag particles are spherical or ellipsoidal. After the steel slag particles reach the guide slide 3, they begin to slide downward stably as a whole. At this time, the particles on the surface will roll, and other particles will slide more, which is not conducive to the secondary crushing of the particles. The state distribution of some particles is changed by the circular hole 4, so that they can be better squeezed during the secondary crushing.

[0039] Referring to Figures 4, 7, 8 and 9, an anti-blocking plate 5 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the guide slide plate 3 at the upper edge of the circular hole 4. The upper edge is a plane constructed by the axis of the circular hole 4 and the length direction of the guide slide plate 3 as a boundary, and the anti-blocking plate 5 is fixed on the part located on the upper side of the plane. When the slag particles fall onto the surface of the guide slide plate 3 after one crushing, the particles will have multiple states, mainly divided into four categories. One is that the particles directly fall into and pass through the circular hole 4, the second is that they do not fall into the circular hole 4, the third is that the particle diameter is larger than the diameter of the circular hole 4 and is spherical, and will directly roll out of the circular hole 4 under the action of subsequent particles, the fourth is slender particles, and the maximum diameter of its width is larger than the diameter of the circular hole 4. Because the crushed particles are irregular and there are potholes on the surface, this type will be stuck in the circular hole 4, with a high probability of causing blockage. The fourth type of particles, whether they fall directly into the circular hole 4 or slide subsequently because of the original angle Because of entering the circular hole 4, there is a high probability of causing blockage, and the analysis is as follows. As shown in Figure 9, the particles fall and get stuck in the circular hole 4. If the guide plate 4 is set horizontally, the particles will only be stuck. Therefore, in order to enable the particles to automatically escape from the circular hole 4, the angle α of the guide plate is set to be ≥45°, preferably 60°, 65°, 70° and 75°. When in the inclined state, due to the stuck of the particle, other particles will accumulate on the upper right side of the state in Figure 7, and the stuck points are mainly points M and N. Point M is lower than point N, and the total force analysis on the inclined plane knows that a component force is generated along the downward tilt direction of the guide plate 3, and then the particles rotate. As shown in Figure 8, in the state a, if the X point position of the particle is smooth and does not have a structure protruding outward, the particle will escape from the circular hole 4, but if it is not smooth or has a protruding structure, points X and M will still be stuck, and then the state will always be maintained afterwards;

[0040] An anti-blocking plate 5 is provided to prevent the situation shown in Figure 8 a from occurring when the particles rotate. Because when the particles rotate, after the lower end of the particles contacts the anti-blocking plate 5, they will slide toward the upper left while rotating, i.e., the state shown in Figure 8 b, so that the particles will not contact the circular hole 4 to form an obstruction at point X, and will continue to rotate to escape from the circular hole 4.

[0041] Referring to Figure 10, a plurality of redirecting plates 8 are provided on the upper surface of the guide slide plate 3. The redirecting plates 8 are set at an angle to the end edge line of the guide slide plate 3. The function of the redirecting plates 8 is to change the sliding direction of the particles and the rolling direction of the circular holes 4 so that more comprehensive rolling can be achieved. The direct downward rolling is only a rolling method around the axis, while in the inclined state, the rolling will change more. Further, the redirecting plate can be non-linear.

[0042] Referring to Figures 4, 5, 6 and 8, the function of the anti-blocking plate 5 is to guide the end of the sliding particle. Its simple structure can adopt a straight semi-cylinder structure, but there is an extreme case where it gets stuck, that is, when the lower end of the particle is too long, and the contact point between the end and the anti-blocking plate 5 is lower than point M, and the axial curvature of the straight semi-cylinder does not change, causing the particle to get stuck. Therefore, the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate 5 has a continuous curvature along the axial direction and a decreasing diameter, so that the particle in the situation of Figure b of Figure 8 is that the lower end point of the particle has an upward sliding action due to the force on the left side of the particle and the action of the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate 5, thereby solving the blockage in this extreme case. The distance from the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate 5 to the lower center of the circular hole 4 is not less than the diameter of the circular hole 4 to avoid the anti-blocking plate 5 itself from forming a jam with the edge of the circular hole 4, because only slender particles will form a jam (even if short particles are stuck, they will be detached due to the vibration of the guide slide plate 3 or the machine equipment). Therefore, the anti-blocking plate 5 needs to have a certain axial length, so its length is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the circular hole 4.

[0043] Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 10, when crushing larger particles, because the particles are larger as a whole, the guide plate 3 must have a certain strength, so the thickness is also relatively large. The large thickness makes it easy for the round hole 4 to hold the particles at the upper left end point and the lower right end point in the cross-section shown in Fig. 6. Therefore, when the thickness is large, part of the guide plate 3 is cut to produce a notch 31, and the notch 31 is inclined to the left to facilitate the particles to escape from the round hole 4. For a crusher that crushes small particles, a large strength is not required, and the guide plate 3 can be thinner. At this time, the notch 31 is formed by drawing during stamping. The guide slide 3 itself is partially concave, and a plurality of redirecting plates 8 are provided on the upper surface of the guide slide 3. The redirecting plates 8 are set at an angle to the end edge lines of the guide slide 3. The function of the redirecting plates 8 is to change the sliding direction of the particles and the rolling direction of the circular holes 4 so that more comprehensive rolling can be achieved. The direct downward rolling is only a rolling method around the axis, while the inclined state will change the rolling more. Furthermore, the redirecting plate can be non-linear. When the redirecting plate 8 is provided, the recess 31 is no longer inclined downward, but is consistent with the inclination direction of the redirecting plate 8.

[0044] 1 and 4 , when the third pair of rollers 6 is in action, particles with a second target diameter can be produced from the sieved particles, and the guide plate 7 is used to guide the sieved particles.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 6 , when the flange 51 is not provided, the anti-blocking plate 51 needs to be fixed to the guide slide plate 3 by welding, and the guide slide plate 3 and the anti-blocking plate 5 itself are in contact with the slag and are lossy. Therefore, the flange 51 can be provided to achieve a detachable connection by screws, etc., so that when a single one is damaged, it can be replaced during maintenance.

[0046] A crushing method of a steel slag crushing device comprises the following steps;

[0047] Step 1: primary crushing: the slag enters the crusher and is squeezed and crushed by two main rollers 1. The crushed particles fall onto the guide slide 3.

[0048] Step 2: This step includes three parts and is carried out simultaneously;

[0049] S1 screening: the particles that reach the guide plate 3 after the first crushing slide along the inclined direction of the guide plate 3 under the action of gravity. The particles with a diameter smaller than the circular hole 4 fall below the guide plate 3, while the particles with a diameter larger than the circular hole 4 continue to slide.

[0050] S2 changes the spatial state of the particles. When a particle with a diameter larger than the circular hole 4 slides to the circular hole 4, part of the particle enters due to the vacancy of the circular hole 4. Under the sliding action of the particles above, the particle rolls out of the circular hole 4.

[0051] S3: when the elongated particles enter the circular hole 4, their lower end contacts the anti-blocking plate 5 during rotation to prevent the particles from being blocked in the circular hole 4;

[0052] Step 3: This step includes two re-crushing operations performed in parallel;

[0053] The S1 secondary roller 2 is crushed, and the particles of S2 and S3 in step 2 slide from the guide plate 3 to contact the secondary roller 2, and enter the gap between the secondary roller 2 and the corresponding main roller 1 for secondary crushing as the secondary roller 2 rotates;

[0054] S2 The third pair of rollers 6 are crushed. The particles that have been screened and dropped from the circular holes 4 in S1 in step 2 contact the third pair of rollers 6 under the action of the guide plate 7, and enter the gap between the third pair of rollers 6 and the corresponding main pair of rollers 1 for secondary crushing.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A slag crushing device, comprising two main pairs of rollers (1), characterized in that: A secondary pair of rollers (2) is arranged under any of the main pairs of rollers (1), the gap between the secondary pair of rollers (2) and the adjacent main pair of rollers (1) does not exceed the gap between the two main pairs of rollers (1), the secondary pair of rollers (2) performs secondary crushing on the steel slag, a guide plate (3) is arranged directly below the extrusion gap between the two main pairs of rollers (1) and forms an angle α with the horizontal direction, α≥45°, the guide plate (3) is inclined toward the secondary pair of rollers (2), the upper and lower edges of the guide plate (3) are respectively located below the two main pairs of rollers (1), a plurality of circular holes (4) are opened on the guide plate (3), the axis of the circular hole (4) is parallel to the normal of the guide plate (3), steel slag particles smaller than the diameter of the circular hole (4) are screened on the guide plate (3), and steel slag particles larger than the diameter of the circular hole (4) roll at the circular hole (4), an anti-blocking plate (5) is arranged at the upper edge of the axis of the circular hole (4) on the back of the guide plate (3), and the lower end of the steel slag particle slides under force when it contacts the anti-blocking plate (5).

2. A slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-blocking plate (5) is a semicircular rotating body, and along the axial downward direction, the inner surface curvature is continuous and the diameter decreases gradually, and the distance from the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate (5) to the lower center of the circular hole (4) is not less than the diameter of the circular hole (4).

3. A slag crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial length of the anti-blocking plate (5) is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the circular hole (4).

4. The slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the guide slide plate (3) is provided with a notch (31) inclined in the sliding direction of the slag, located at the lower edge side of the axis of the circular hole (4).

5. The slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third pair of rollers (6) is provided below the main pair of rollers (1) opposite to the secondary pair of rollers (2), and a guide plate (7) inclined toward the third pair of rollers (6) is provided on the lower side of the guide plate (3).

6. A slag crushing device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: A plurality of redirecting plates (8) are provided on the upper surface of the guide slide plate (3), and the redirecting plates (8) are arranged at an inclined angle to the end edge lines of the guide slide plate (3).

7. The slag crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the large-diameter end of the anti-blocking plate (5) is provided with a flange (51), and the anti-blocking plate (5) is detachably mounted on the guide slide plate (3) via the flange (51).

8. The crushing method of a steel slag crushing device according to any one of claim 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: primary crushing: the steel slag enters the crusher and is squeezed and crushed by two main rollers (1) for the first time, and the crushed particles fall onto the guide slide (3); Step 2: This step includes three parts and is carried out simultaneously; S1 screening, the particles that reach the guide slide plate (3) after primary crushing slide along the inclined direction of the guide slide plate (3) under the action of gravity, and the particles with diameters smaller than the circular hole (4) fall below the guide slide plate (3), while the particles with diameters larger than the circular hole (4) continue to slide; S2 changes the spatial state of the particles. When a particle with a diameter larger than the circular hole (4) slides to the position of the circular hole (4), a part of the particle enters due to the vacancy of the circular hole (4). Under the sliding action of the particles above, the particle rolls out of the circular hole (4). S3: when the elongated particles enter the circular hole (4), their lower end contacts the anti-blocking plate (5) during rotation, thereby preventing the particles from being blocked in the circular hole (4); Step 3: This step includes two re-crushing operations performed in parallel; The S1 secondary roller (2) is crushed, and the particles of S2 and S3 in step 2 slide from the guide plate (3) and contact the secondary roller (2). As the secondary roller (2) rotates, the particles enter the gap between the secondary roller (2) and the corresponding primary roller (1) for secondary crushing; S2 The third pair of rollers (6) are crushed. The particles that have been screened and dropped from the circular holes (4) in step S1 of step 2 contact the third pair of rollers (6) under the action of the guide plate (7) and enter the gap between the third pair of rollers (6) and the corresponding main pair of rollers (1) for secondary crushing.

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