Spline shaft deformation control method and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a spline shaft deformation control method which comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out gear shaping processing on a spline section of a spline shaft, and tightening a spline M value range in a gear shaping process; then heat treatment is carried out, the heat treatment comprises carburizing and quenching, and the carburizing and the quenching are carried out at the same time; performing shot blasting treatment on the surface of the whole spline shaft; then straightening is conducted; then the spline run-out is corrected to be smaller than 0.05 on a lathe, then a centre hole is trimmed, and then outer circle grinding, internal thread turning, arc groove turning and spline grinding machining are carried out with the centre hole as the positioning reference; and finally inspecting. The spline shaft deformation control device is used for achieving the mode, and by means of the method and equipment, spline deformation can be controlled, and meanwhile cost can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a spline shaft deformation control method and equipment. Background Art

[0002] Spline shaft is a kind of mechanical transmission. It has the same function as flat key, semicircular key and wedge key, which are used to transmit mechanical torque. There are longitudinal keyways on the surface of the shaft, and the rotating parts on the shaft also have corresponding keyways, which can keep rotating synchronously with the shaft. While rotating, some can also slide longitudinally on the shaft, such as the gear shift gear of the gearbox.

[0003] Spline processing methods: There are many methods for processing spline shafts. The main methods are cutting methods such as rolling, milling and grinding, and plastic deformation methods such as cold punching and cold rolling can also be used. The spline M value refers to the cross-bar distance (MR) or the common normal length of the spline, which is an important parameter for measuring the spline tooth thickness. The measurement of the spline M value is crucial to ensure the assembly accuracy and function of the spline.

[0004] Therefore, it is very important to control the deformation of the spline shaft during the processing. The traditional control process generally includes: machining → gear shaping → carburizing → machining → quenching → sand blasting → engraving → inspection → electric pulse spline I → inspection → machining. This process has the problems of long processing steps and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a spline shaft deformation control method and device, which can control the spline deformation while saving costs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a spline shaft deformation control method, comprising:

[0007] (1) Gear shaping: the spline section of the spline shaft is gear-shaped, and the spline M value range is tightened during the gear shaping process;

[0008] (2) heat treatment, including carburizing and quenching, wherein the carburizing and quenching are performed simultaneously;

[0009] (3) Shot blasting: Shot blasting the entire spline shaft surface;

[0010] (4) Straightening;

[0011] (5) Precision machining: First, calibrate the spline runout on the lathe to less than 0.05, then repair the ejector hole, and then use the ejector hole as the positioning reference to grind the outer circle, turn the internal thread, turn the arc groove, and grind the spline;

[0012] (6) Inspection.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (1), the product drawing requires an M value of 103.065-103.132 / φ5, and the gear shaping process is processed to 103.04-103.08 / φ5, tightening the tolerance range and reducing it by 0.02mm.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (2), the carburizing and quenching temperature is 890°, and a quenching agent needs to be added to reduce the heat treatment temperature of the part while ensuring the carburizing layer depth requirement of the part.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (2), the heat treatment also includes, after carburizing and quenching, stress relief tempering treatment.

[0016] Furthermore, the tempering temperature is 170±10 degrees, the temperature is kept for 3 to 4 hours, and air cooling is adopted.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (4), the straightening requires that the spline runout is less than 0.05 mm and the runouts at other positions are less than 0.1 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (6), the inspection includes: checking the hardness, metallographic structure, layer depth, surface residual steel shot, deformation of the parts, and ensuring that the spline pitch circle runout is less than 0.05, the remaining runout is less than 0.1, and the spline M value is 103.065-103.132 / φ5.

[0019] Furthermore, the positions processed after heat treatment are all based on splines.

[0020] A device for implementing any of the above-mentioned spline shaft deformation control methods, wherein the shot blasting process is completed by a shot blasting device of the spline shaft deformation control method device, and the shot blasting device comprises:

[0021] Shot blasting room;

[0022] A frame, arranged in the shot blasting chamber, for mounting and fixing the spline shaft to be shot blasted;

[0023] A shot blasting body, located above the frame, for performing shot blasting on the spline shaft; and

[0024] The dust removal equipment is used to process the dust generated in the shot blasting chamber.

[0025] Furthermore, the dust removal equipment comprises:

[0026] A dust hood, which is a flexible hood and covers the inner wall of the shot blasting chamber;

[0027] A dust suction pipe is located outside the shot blasting chamber and is connected to the dust suction hood; and

[0028] A wet dust collector is connected to the dust suction pipe and is used for spraying and filtering the dust sucked into the dust suction pipe.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0030] The above-mentioned spline shaft deformation control method comprises the following steps: firstly, the spline section of the spline shaft is subjected to gear shaping, and the spline M value range is tightened in the gear shaping process; then, heat treatment is performed, and the heat treatment includes carburizing and quenching, and the carburizing and quenching are performed simultaneously; then, the entire spline shaft surface is subjected to shot blasting treatment; then, straightening is performed; then, the spline runout is corrected on a lathe to be less than 0.05, and then the ejector hole is repaired, and then, with the ejector hole as the positioning reference, the outer circle is ground, the inner thread is turned, the arc groove is turned, and the spline is ground; finally, inspection is performed. The spline shaft deformation control setting is used to realize the above-mentioned method.

[0031] The above method and device have the following advantages:

[0032] 1. Save the transportation cost between carburizing to machining, and machining to quenching;

[0033] 2. Save heat treatment costs. Carburizing and quenching were originally separated and required two heatings. Now carburizing and quenching are completed in the same furnace and only require one heating, saving the heating cost of each piece.

[0034] 3. Cancel the outsourced electric pulse process of spline I to save costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the specific implementation. In all the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a spline shaft deformation control method provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 To achieve Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a shot blasting device in a spline shaft deformation control method shown;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a dust removal device in a spline shaft deformation control device is shown;

[0039] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a dust hood in a spline shaft deformation control device is shown;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a dust cover in a spline shaft deformation control device shown;

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] 100, shot blasting device; 110, shot blasting room; 20, frame; 130, shot blasting body; 140, dust removal equipment; 141, dust hood; 1411, first mask; 1412, second mask; 1413, elastic support member; 142, dust suction pipe; 143, wet dust collector 143; 144, storage structure; 1441, storage box; 1442, winding shaft; 1443, handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0044] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a spline shaft deformation control method, the specific method is as follows:

[0045] S110, gear shaping, gear shaping is performed on the spline section of the spline shaft, and the spline M value range is tightened in the gear shaping process;

[0046] S120, heat treatment, including carburizing and quenching, and carburizing and quenching are carried out simultaneously;

[0047] S130, shot blasting, shot blasting the entire spline shaft surface;

[0048] S140, straightening;

[0049] S150, precision machining, first calibrate the spline runout on the lathe to less than 0.05, then repair the ejector hole, and then use the ejector hole as the positioning reference to grind the outer circle, turn the internal thread, turn the arc groove, and grind the spline;

[0050] S160, inspection.

[0051] Specifically, during machining, the specific process of machining is as follows:

[0052] First, calibrate the spline runout on the lathe to less than 0.05, then repair the ejector hole; then use the ejector hole as the positioning reference to grind the outer circle, turn the internal thread, turn the arc groove, and grind the spline. For specific requirements for repairing the ejector hole, see Figure 1 , see the requirements for grinding the outer circle Figure 2 .

[0053] In this embodiment, the gear shaping process needs to tighten the range of the part M value. Specifically: the product drawing requires the M value to be 103.065, 103.132 / φ5, and the gear shaping process is processed to 103.04, 103.08 / φ5, tightening the tolerance range and reducing it by 0.02mm. For specific requirements of related gear shaping data, see Figure 1 .

[0054] In this embodiment, carburizing and quenching are carried out simultaneously. This operation can save the transportation cost between carburizing and machining and between machining and quenching. In the specific implementation, the carburizing and quenching temperature is selected to be 890°, and a quenching agent is added at the same time. While ensuring the carburizing layer depth requirement of the parts, the heat treatment temperature of the parts is reduced to reduce the deformation of the parts.

[0055] In this embodiment, the specific process of calibration is:

[0056] When calibrating parts on a press, the calibration requirements are: the spline runout is less than 0.05mm, and the runout of other positions is less than 0.1mm, to further correct the axial deformation of the parts.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, the heat treatment further includes stress relief tempering treatment after carburizing and quenching.

[0058] Specifically, the tempering temperature is 170±10 degrees, the temperature is kept for 3 to 4 hours, and air cooling is adopted.

[0059] In this embodiment, during the precision machining, the spline runout is first corrected on the lathe to be less than 0.05, then the ejector hole is repaired, and then the ejector hole is used as the positioning reference to grind the outer circle, turn the internal thread, turn the arc groove, and grind the spline. The specific requirements for repairing the ejector hole are shown in Figure 2 For specific requirements of the external grinding process, see Figure 3 .

[0060] In this embodiment, the inspection process includes: checking the hardness, metallographic structure, layer depth, surface residual steel shot, deformation of the parts, and ensuring that the spline pitch circle runout is less than 0.05, the remaining runout is less than 0.1, and the spline M value is 103.065, 103.132 / φ5.

[0061] It should be noted that the positions processed after heat treatment are all based on the spline, which ensures the positional relationship between the outer circle, spline, arc groove and internal thread, achieves the purpose of controlling the spline deformation and meets the requirements of the product drawings.

[0062] See also Figures 2 to 5 In addition, the present invention also provides a device for implementing the above-mentioned spline shaft deformation control method, the device includes a shot blasting device 100, the shot blasting process is completed by the shot blasting device 100, and the shot blasting device 100 includes a shot blasting chamber 110, a frame 200, a shot blasting body 130 and a dust removal device 140.

[0063] Specifically, the frame 200 is arranged in the shot blasting room 110 for installing and fixing the spline shaft to be shot blasted; the shot blasting body 130 is located above the frame 200 for shot blasting the spline shaft; the dust removal equipment 140 is used to process the dust generated in the shot blasting room 110.

[0064] When in use, the spline is first fixed on the frame 200, and then the shot blasting body 130 and the dust removal equipment 140 are started to shot blast the spline shaft. During the shot blasting process, the dust removal equipment 140 sucks out the dust generated in the shot blasting chamber 110 to prevent excessive dust from being flammable and explosive.

[0065] Specifically, the dust removal device 140 includes a dust hood 141, a dust pipe 142, and a wet dust collector 143. The dust hood 141 is a flexible cover body, and covers the inner wall of the shot blasting chamber 110. The dust pipe 142 is located outside the shot blasting chamber 110 and is connected to the dust hood 141. The wet dust collector 143 is connected to the dust pipe 142, and is used to spray and filter the dust sucked into the dust pipe 142.

[0066] By using the upper dust removal device 140, since the dust hood 141 covers the inner wall of the shot blasting chamber 110, the dust collection effect can be improved.

[0067] Specifically, the dust hood 141 is a long strip, and one end of the dust hood 141 is connected to the dust suction pipe 142. The dust hood 141 is provided with a plurality of dust suction holes spaced apart along its length. When in use, the long strip dust hood 141 is fixed in sequence along the shot blasting chamber 110 until the entire inner wall of the shot blasting chamber 110 is covered, and the fixing method can be pasting, screw fixing, etc. In this way, the dust hood 141 is suitable for shot blasting chambers 110 of different sizes, thereby improving the convenience of use.

[0068] Specifically, the dust hood 141 includes a first mask 1411 and a second mask 1412 that are arranged opposite to each other. The first mask 1411 and the second mask 1412 are sealed and connected at their edges to form a sealed bag body, the dust suction hole is opened on the first mask 1411, and the second mask 1412 is arranged close to the inner wall of the shot blasting chamber 110.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of elastic support members 1413 are arranged along the intervals in the dust cover 141. Through the elastic support members 1413, when the dust cover 141 is in the unfolded state, the first mask 1411 and the second mask 1412 are in a separated state, further improving the dust collection effect.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, the dust removal device 140 also includes a storage structure 144, and the storage structure 144 is used to store the dust hood 141.

[0071] Specifically, the storage structure 144 includes a storage box 1441, a winding shaft 1442 and a handle 1443. The inner cavity of the storage box 1441 is hollow, and the winding shaft 1442 can rotate in the inner cavity of the storage box 1441. The handle 1443 is located in the storage box 1441 and is connected to one end of the storage box 1441. The side wall of the storage box 1441 is provided with a through hole connected to the inner cavity of the storage box 1441, and one end of the dust hood 141 away from the dust pipe 142 passes through the through hole and is wound around the winding shaft 1442.

[0072] During installation, the dust suction pipe 142 is first fixed in position, and then the dust suction cover 141 is fixed to the inner wall of the shot blasting chamber 110 in a spiral downward manner from the top to the bottom along the inner wall of the shot blasting chamber 110 while laying out the wire. When dust suction is not needed, the connection between the dust suction cover 141 and the inner wall of the shot blasting chamber 110 is removed, and the winding shaft 1442 is rotated by the handle 1443 to store the dust suction cover 141 in the storage structure 144.

[0073] The above method and equipment are used for processing, which has the following advantages:

[0074] 1. Save the transportation cost between carburizing to machining, and machining to quenching, saving 100 yuan per piece;

[0075] 2. Save heat treatment costs. Carburizing and quenching were originally separated and required two heatings. Now carburizing and quenching are completed in the same furnace and only require one heating, saving 120 yuan per piece.

[0076] 3. Eliminate outsourcing electric pulse process of spline I to save costs. Each piece saves 460 yuan.

[0077] In summary, the new process saves 680 yuan per piece.

[0078] Based on an annual output of 6,000 pieces, the value of savings is approximately 4.08 million per year.

[0079] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spline shaft deformation control method, characterized in that: include: (1) Gear shaping: the spline section of the spline shaft is gear-shaped, and the spline M value range is tightened during the gear shaping process; (2) heat treatment, including carburizing and quenching, wherein the carburizing and quenching are performed simultaneously; (3) Shot blasting: Shot blasting the entire spline shaft surface; (4) Straightening; (5) Precision machining: First, calibrate the spline runout on the lathe to less than 0.05, then repair the ejector hole, and then use the ejector hole as the positioning reference to grind the outer circle, turn the internal thread, turn the arc groove, and grind the spline; (6) Inspection.

2. The spline shaft deformation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the product drawing requires the M value to be 103.065-103.132 / φ5, and the gear shaping process is processed to 103.04-103.08 / φ5, tightening the tolerance range and reducing it by 0.02mm.

3. The spline shaft deformation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the carburizing and quenching temperature is 890°, and a quenching agent needs to be added to reduce the heat treatment temperature of the parts while ensuring the carburizing layer depth requirements of the parts.

4. The spline shaft deformation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the heat treatment also includes, after carburizing and quenching, stress relief tempering treatment.

5. The spline shaft deformation control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tempering temperature is 170±10 degrees, the temperature is kept for 3 to 4 hours, and air cooling is adopted.

6. The spline shaft deformation control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (4), the straightening requirements are: the spline runout is less than 0.05 mm, and the runout of other positions is less than 0.1 mm.

7. The spline shaft deformation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (6), the inspection includes: checking the hardness, metallographic structure, layer depth, surface residual steel shot, deformation of the parts, and ensuring that the spline pitch circle runout is less than 0.05, the remaining runout is less than 0.1, and the spline M value is 103.065-103.132 / φ5.

8. The spline shaft deformation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positions processed after heat treatment are all based on splines.

9. A device for implementing the spline shaft deformation control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The shot blasting process is completed by a shot blasting device of the spline shaft deformation control method and equipment, and the shot blasting device includes: Shot blasting room; A frame, arranged in the shot blasting chamber, for mounting and fixing the spline shaft to be shot blasted; A shot blasting body, located above the frame, for performing shot blasting on the spline shaft; and The dust removal equipment is used to process the dust generated in the shot blasting chamber.

10. The device for controlling the deformation of a spline shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that: The dust removal equipment comprises: A dust hood, which is a flexible hood and covers the inner wall of the shot blasting chamber; A dust suction pipe is located outside the shot blasting chamber and is connected to the dust suction hood; and A wet dust collector is connected to the dust suction pipe and is used for spraying and filtering the dust sucked into the dust suction pipe.

Images