Straw recycling device and treatment method
By designing a straw recycling device, the straw is torn to pieces and mixed with livestock and poultry manure and processed in the fermentation area to produce biogas, which solves the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution in traditional incineration treatment methods, and realizes the recycling of resources and environmental protection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411701534.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Traditional straw treatment methods such as incineration lead to waste of resources and environmental pollution, and fail to effectively utilize organic matter in straw to produce biofuels or generate electricity.
A straw recycling device was designed. Through the combination of a recycling box, shredding mechanism and treatment box, the straw was torn into pieces and mixed into the mixing area of the treatment box with livestock and poultry manure in a ratio of 1:2. The fermentation conditions were controlled in the fermentation area through heating pipes and stirring rods to prepare biogas.
The harm of straw burning to the environment is effectively avoided, and the recycling of resources is realized. The straw is converted into a biogas that can be used for fuel by producing biogas, while also producing organic fertilizers.
Smart Images
Figure CN119529990A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of straw recycling, and in particular to a straw recycling device and a processing method. Background Art
[0002] With the development of agricultural production, the output of crop straw is huge. However, traditional straw processing methods easily cause resource waste and environmental pollution.
[0003] The reason for this phenomenon is that incineration is the most direct and convenient method of straw disposal, but straw is rich in organic matter that can be used to produce biofuels or generate electricity, and contains a large amount of energy that is not effectively utilized after incineration. In addition, burning straw will release pollutants such as particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, leading to a decline in air quality and harming health.
[0004] In summary, we propose a straw recycling device and a processing method to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a straw recycling device and a processing method, which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems through the method of producing biogas.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the following scheme: A straw recycling device comprises a recycling box, a shredding mechanism and a processing box, wherein four feeding ports are provided at the upper part of the recycling box, four inclined channels are provided inside the recycling box, an inclined discharging port communicating with the channels is provided at the lower part of the recycling box, and the discharging port is located at the upper end of the shredding mechanism and leads to the inside of the shredding mechanism; Two shredding knives for shredding straw are arranged inside the shredding mechanism, and a connecting groove is provided on the outer surface of the shredding mechanism, leading to the interior of the processing box; An arc plate is fixedly connected in the middle of the treatment box. The arc plate is bent downward with the center as the axis point. The inside of the treatment box is divided into a mixing area and a fermentation area by the arc plate. The mixing area is used to mix raw materials and additives, and the fermentation area is used to produce biogas. A plurality of heating pipes are installed on the inner wall of the fermentation area, a plurality of groups of second rotating rods and second stirring rods are arranged inside the fermentation area, a biogas pipe is connected to the side surface of the fermentation area, and a gas valve and two filters are installed inside the biogas pipe.
[0007] First motors are installed on both side surfaces of the shredding mechanism, and output ends of the first motors penetrate into the shredding mechanism and are transmission-connected with the shredding blades.
[0008] A guide groove is arranged on the left surface of the mixing zone, and the interior of the guide groove leads to the mixing zone. A second motor is installed on the right surface of the mixing zone, and a first rotating rod and a first stirring rod are arranged inside the mixing zone. The output end of the second motor penetrates into the interior of the mixing zone and is transmission-connected to the first rotating rod, and the first stirring rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first rotating rod.
[0009] A material discharge mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the arc plate, the mixing area and the fermentation area are connected through the material discharge mechanism, and an electric valve is installed inside the material discharge mechanism for controlling the material discharge.
[0010] A third motor is installed on the rear surface of the fermentation area, and an output end of the third motor penetrates into the interior of the fermentation area and is transmission-connected to the second rotating rod, and a second stirring rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second rotating rod.
[0011] A biogas residue collecting port is provided at the bottom of the front surface of the fermentation area, and a detachable cover door is provided at the biogas residue collecting port.
[0012] The present invention provides a straw processing method: Step 1: Put the straw raw material into the recycling box from the feed port, and the straw falls into the shredding mechanism in an orderly manner through the channel and the discharge port; Step 2: Start the first motor to drive the shredding knife to rotate and shred the straw, and the straw length is controlled within the range of 1-5 cm. The shredded straw falls into the mixing area inside the processing box through the connecting groove; Step 3: Before mixing, accurately weigh the cellulase, add it to the mixing zone through the diversion trough according to the ratio of dry weight of straw, and then add livestock and poultry manure into the mixing zone through the diversion trough, and mix the straw and cow dung in a ratio of 1:2. Start the second motor to drive the first stirring rod to stir and mix the straw and livestock and poultry manure. During the stirring process, add trace elements such as iron, manganese, and zinc according to the requirements of each cubic meter of fermentation raw material, and also add them through the diversion trough, wherein the amount of iron added is 0.01-0.02 grams per cubic meter of fermentation raw material, 0.005-0.01 grams of manganese, and 0.003-0.008 grams of zinc; Step 4: After sufficient mixing, open the electric valve inside the feeding mechanism, and the mixed raw materials fall into the fermentation area. Start the heating tube. In the early stage of fermentation, control the temperature of the fermentation tank at 32-33℃, and maintain this temperature range by heating or heat preservation measures. In the middle stage of fermentation, the temperature is adjusted to 30-32℃. In the late stage of fermentation, the temperature is slightly increased to 33-35℃, and then sodium bicarbonate is added from the diversion trough to adjust the pH value to 7.0-7.2 to ensure the activity of the fermentation microorganisms. Step 5: Start the second stirring rod to stir at a speed of 20-30 revolutions per minute. The stirring frequency is adjusted according to the fermentation stage. Stir once every 2-3 hours in the early stage of fermentation, once every 4-5 hours in the middle stage of fermentation, and once every 6-8 hours in the late stage of fermentation.
[0013] Step 6: After fermentation is completed, open the gas valve to collect biogas from the biogas pipe, and open the cover door to collect biogas residue from the biogas residue collection port.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) A straw recycling device and a processing method of the present invention can avoid the harm of straw burning, which can release harmful gases that damage air quality, cause haze and endanger health, while achieving resource recycling.
[0015] (2) In a straw recycling device and processing method of the present invention, a recycling box is provided with a plurality of feed ports and inclined channels, which are conducive to the orderly feeding of straw.
[0016] (3) In the straw recycling and utilization device and treatment method of the present invention, in the fermentation area, the heating tube can accurately control the fermentation temperature and adjust it according to the different stages of fermentation, which is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and the decomposition of substrates. At the same time, by adding sodium bicarbonate to adjust the pH value to 7.0-7.2, the activity of the fermentation microorganisms is guaranteed. The stirring speed and stirring frequency of the stirring rod can also fully mix the raw materials and additives, further improving the fermentation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the whole of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of another angle of the whole of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the recycling box structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the shredding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing box of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the mixing zone structure of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the fermentation zone structure of the present invention.
[0018] In the figure: 1. recovery box; 11. feed port; 12. passage; 13. discharge port; 2. shredding mechanism; 21. first motor; 22. shredding knife; 23. connecting groove; 3. treatment box; 31. arc plate; 32. mixing zone; 321. guide groove; 322. second motor; 323. first rotating rod; 324. first stirring rod; 325. unloading mechanism; 33. fermentation zone; 331. heating pipe; 332. third motor; 333. second rotating rod; 334. second stirring rod; 335. biogas pipe; 3351. gas valve; 336. biogas slag collection port; 3361. cover door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] See also Figure 1-7 A straw recycling device comprises a recycling box 1, a shredding mechanism 2 and a processing box 3. The recycling box 1 is provided with four feeding ports 11 at the top, four inclined channels 12 are provided inside the recycling box 1, and an inclined discharge port 13 communicating with the channels 12 is provided at the bottom of the recycling box 1. The discharge port 13 is located at the upper end of the shredding mechanism 2 and leads to the inside of the shredding mechanism 2. Two shredding knives 22 for shredding straw are provided inside the shredding mechanism 2. A connecting groove 23 is provided on the outer surface of the shredding mechanism 2, which leads to the inside of the processing box 3. An arc plate 31 is fixedly connected in the middle of the processing box 3. The arc plate 31 is bent downward with the center as the axis point. The inside of the processing box 3 is divided into a mixed The mixing area 32 and the fermentation area 33, the mixing area 32 is used to mix raw materials and additives, the fermentation area 33 is used to produce biogas, the inner wall of the fermentation area 33 is installed with a plurality of heating pipes 331, the fermentation area 33 is provided with a plurality of second rotating rods 333 and second stirring rods 334, the side surface of the fermentation area 33 is connected with a biogas pipe 335, the biogas pipe 335 is provided with an air valve 3351 and two filter screens, when in use, the inclined channel 12 is designed to conform to the shape of the straw, which is conducive to the orderly entry of the straw into the shredding mechanism 2, and helps the shredding knife 22 to cut it into 1-5CM lengths, the heating pipe 331 can control the fermentation temperature, the temperature is controlled at 32-33℃ in the early stage of fermentation, which is conducive to the rapid reproduction of microorganisms, the temperature is controlled at 30-32℃ in the middle stage of fermentation, which can promote the full decomposition of the substrate, and the temperature is slightly increased to 33-35℃ in the late stage of fermentation, which is conducive to increasing the methane production, and the two filter screens inside the biogas pipe 335 are activated carbon filters, which can perform the final purification of the biogas.
[0021] Furthermore, first motors 21 are installed on both side surfaces of the shredding mechanism 2, and the output end of the first motor 21 penetrates into the shredding mechanism 2 and is transmission-connected with the shredding knife 22. When in use, the two first motors 21 drive the two shredding knives 22 to rotate in coordination to cut off the straw.
[0022] Furthermore, a guide groove 321 is provided on the left side surface of the mixing zone 32, and the guide groove 321 leads to the mixing zone 32. A second motor 322 is installed on the right side surface of the mixing zone 32. A first rotating rod 323 and a first stirring rod 324 are provided inside the mixing zone 32. The output end of the second motor 322 penetrates into the mixing zone 32 and is transmission-connected to the first rotating rod 323. The first stirring rod 324 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first rotating rod 323. When in use, livestock and poultry manure or other additives can be added to the mixing zone 32 or the fermentation zone 33 through the guide groove 321. The first stirring rod 324 is driven to rotate by the second motor 322, so that the straw, livestock and poultry manure and additives can be fully mixed to increase the biogas production.
[0023] Furthermore, a feeding mechanism 325 is provided at the lower end of the arc plate 31, and the mixing area 32 is connected with the fermentation area 33 through the feeding mechanism 325. An electric valve is installed inside the feeding mechanism 325 for controlling the feeding. When in use, the connection between the mixing area 32 and the fermentation area 33 can be adjusted to be connected or closed by opening or closing the electric valve.
[0024] Furthermore, a third motor 332 is installed on the rear surface of the fermentation area 33. The output end of the third motor 332 penetrates into the interior of the fermentation area 33 and is transmission-connected to the second rotating rod 333. The outer surface of the second rotating rod 333 is fixedly connected to the second stirring rod 334. When in use, the third motor 332 is a speed-regulating motor. Starting the third motor 332 drives the second stirring rod 334 to rotate. Stirring is performed during the fermentation process to further mix the raw materials and additives. At the same time, in the early stage of fermentation, stirring is performed every 2-3 hours, which is conducive to quickly establishing a uniform fermentation environment, ensuring uniform mixing of the raw materials and sufficient contact between the microorganisms and the substrate. In the middle stage of fermentation, stirring is performed every 4-5 hours. At this time, the microorganisms have adapted to the fermentation environment and multiplied in large numbers. The fermentation reaction is relatively stable. Relatively reducing the stirring frequency can avoid excessive stirring from interfering with the growth environment of the microorganisms. In the late stage of fermentation, stirring is performed every 6-8 hours. At this time, the fermentation reaction gradually slows down, the remaining amount of substrate decreases, and the lower stirring frequency is sufficient to maintain the uniformity of the materials in the fermentation tank and the activity of the microorganisms.
[0025] Furthermore, a sludge collection port 336 is provided at the bottom of the front surface of the fermentation area 33, and a detachable cover door 3361 is provided at the sludge collection port 336. When in use, after the fermentation is completed, the gas valve 3351 in the biogas pipe 335 is opened first to collect the biogas, which can be used as fuel, and then the cover door 3361 is opened to collect the sludge and liquid biogas at the bottom of the fermentation area 33, and then the biogas is applied to farmland as high-quality organic fertilizer. Through the biogas production method, the straw is recycled and processed, which can effectively avoid direct burning to harm the environment. At the same time, the straw is converted into two useful resources, fuel and organic fertilizer, thereby realizing the effective reuse of resources and improving the overall applicability.
[0026] A straw processing method: Step 1: Put the straw raw material into the recycling box 1 through the feed port 11, and the straw falls into the shredding mechanism 2 in an orderly manner through the channel 12 and the discharge port 13; Step 2: Start the first motor 21 to drive the shredding knife 22 to rotate and shred the straw. The length of the straw is controlled within the range of 1-5 cm. The shredded straw falls into the mixing area 32 inside the processing box 3 through the connecting groove 23; Step 3: Before mixing, accurately weigh the cellulase, add it to the mixing zone 32 through the guide groove 321 at a ratio of 0.5%-1% of the dry weight of the straw, and then add the livestock and poultry manure from the guide groove 321 to the inside of the mixing zone 32, and mix the straw and cow dung at a ratio of 1:2. Start the second motor 322 to drive the first stirring rod 324 to stir and mix the straw and livestock and poultry manure. During the stirring process, add trace elements such as iron, manganese, and zinc according to the requirements of each cubic meter of fermentation raw material, and also add them through the guide groove 321, wherein the amount of iron added is 0.01-0.02 grams per cubic meter of fermentation raw material, 0.005-0.01 grams of manganese, and 0.003-0.008 grams of zinc; Step 4: After sufficient mixing, the electric valve inside the material discharge mechanism 325 is opened, and the mixed raw materials fall into the fermentation area 33, and the heating tube 331 is started. In the early stage of fermentation, the temperature of the fermentation tank is controlled at 32-33°C, and this temperature range is maintained by heating or heat preservation measures. In the middle stage of fermentation, the temperature is adjusted to 30-32°C, and in the late stage of fermentation, the temperature is slightly increased to 33-35°C, and then sodium bicarbonate is added from the guide groove 321 to adjust the pH value to 7.0-7.2 to ensure the activity of the fermentation microorganisms; Step 5: After the fermentation is finished, open the gas valve 3351 to collect biogas from the biogas pipe 335 , and open the cover door 3361 to collect biogas residue from the biogas residue collection port 336 .
[0027] In summary, the straw recycling and utilization device and treatment method proposed by the present invention, when in use, the straw raw material is put into the recycling box 1 from the feed port 11, and the four inclined channels 12 in the recycling box 1 allow the straw to fall into the shredding mechanism 2 through the inclined discharge port 13 under the action of gravity. After the straw enters the shredding mechanism 2, the first motors 21 on both sides are started to drive the shredding knives 22 to rotate, and the straw is cut into 1-5 cm lengths, and then falls into the mixing area 32 of the treatment box 3 through the connecting groove 23. In the mixing area 32, 0.5% of the dry weight of the straw is added. -1% cellulase is weighed, livestock and poultry manure is added in a ratio of 1:2 between straw and cow dung, and then a specific amount of trace elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, etc. are added according to the requirements of each cubic meter of fermentation raw material, all of which are added through the guide groove 321, and the second motor 322 on the right side of the mixing zone 32 is started to drive the first rotating rod 323 and the first stirring rod 324 to rotate, and the straw, livestock and poultry manure and additives are mixed. The mixed raw materials fall into the fermentation zone 33 through the feeding mechanism 325. During the fermentation process, the temperature is controlled at 32-33°C by the heating tube 331 at the initial stage, adjusted to 30-32°C in the middle stage, and raised to 33-35°C in the later stage. At the same time, sodium bicarbonate is added through the guide groove 321 to adjust the pH value to 7.0-7.2, and the third motor 332 on the rear side of the fermentation zone 33 is started to drive the second rotating rod 333 and the second stirring rod 334 to rotate at a speed of 20-30 revolutions per minute. Stir once every 2-3 hours at the initial stage of fermentation, once every 4-5 hours in the middle stage, and once every 6- Stir once every 8 hours. After fermentation is completed, open the gas valve 3351 of the biogas pipe 335 to collect biogas. The biogas can be used as fuel after being purified by the activated carbon filter in the biogas pipe 335. Open the cover door 3361 of the biogas residue collection port 336 in the fermentation area 33 to collect biogas residue and biogas liquid as farmland fertilizer.
Claims
1. A straw recycling device, comprising a recycling box (1), a shredding mechanism (2) and a processing box (3), wherein the recycling box (1) is provided with four feed openings (11) on the upper part, and wherein: Four inclined channels (12) are provided inside the recycling box (1), and an inclined discharge port (13) communicating with the channels (12) is provided at the lower part of the recycling box (1). The discharge port (13) is located at the upper end of the shredding mechanism (2) and leads to the inside of the shredding mechanism (2); Two shredding knives (22) for shredding straw are arranged inside the shredding mechanism (2), and a connecting groove (23) is provided on the outer surface of the shredding mechanism (2) and leads to the interior of the processing box (3); An arc plate (31) is fixedly connected in the middle of the processing box (3), and the arc plate (31) is bent downward with the center as the axis point. The interior of the processing box (3) is divided into a mixing area (32) and a fermentation area (33) by the arc plate (31). The mixing area (32) is used to mix raw materials and additives, and the fermentation area (33) is used to produce biogas. A plurality of heating tubes (331) are installed on the inner wall of the fermentation area (33), a plurality of groups of second rotating rods (333) and second stirring rods (334) are arranged inside the fermentation area (33), a biogas pipe (335) is connected to the side surface of the fermentation area (33), and a gas valve (3351) and two filter screens are installed inside the biogas pipe (335).
2. A straw recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first motor (21) is mounted on both side surfaces of the shredding mechanism (2), and an output end of the first motor (21) penetrates into the shredding mechanism (2) and is transmission-connected to the shredding knife (22).
3. A straw recycling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide groove (321) is provided on the left surface of the mixing zone (32), the interior of the guide groove (321) leads to the mixing zone (32), a second motor (322) is installed on the right surface of the mixing zone (32), a first rotating rod (323) and a first stirring rod (324) are provided inside the mixing zone (32), an output end of the second motor (322) penetrates into the interior of the mixing zone (32) and is transmission-connected to the first rotating rod (323), and the outer surface of the first rotating rod (323) is fixedly connected to the first stirring rod (324).
4. A straw recycling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A material discharge mechanism (325) is provided at the lower end of the arc-shaped plate (31), and the mixing area (32) and the fermentation area (33) are connected via the material discharge mechanism (325). An electric valve is installed inside the material discharge mechanism (325) for controlling material discharge.
5. The straw recycling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third motor (332) is installed on the rear surface of the fermentation area (33); an output end of the third motor (332) penetrates into the fermentation area (33) and is transmission-connected to the second rotating rod (333); a second stirring rod (334) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second rotating rod (333).
6. The straw recycling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A biogas residue collection port (336) is provided at the bottom of the front surface of the fermentation area (33), and a detachable cover door (3361) is provided at the biogas residue collection port (336).
7. A straw processing method comprising: Step 1: Put the straw raw material into the recycling box (1) through the feed port (11), and the straw falls into the shredding mechanism (2) in an orderly manner through the channel (12) and the discharge port (13); Step 2: starting the first motor (21) to drive the shredding blade (22) to rotate and shred the straw, wherein the length of the straw is controlled within a range of 1-5 cm, and the shredded straw falls into the mixing area (32) inside the processing box (3) through the connecting groove (23); Step 3: Before mixing, accurately weigh the cellulase and add it to the mixing zone (32) through the guide groove (321) according to the ratio of dry weight of straw (0.5% - 1%), and then add livestock and poultry manure from the guide groove (321) to the inside of the mixing zone (32), and mix the straw and cow dung in a ratio of 1:
2. Start the second motor (322) to drive the first stirring rod (324) to stir and mix the straw and livestock and poultry manure. During the stirring process, add trace elements such as iron, manganese, and zinc according to the requirements of each cubic meter of fermentation raw material, and also add them through the guide groove (321), wherein the amount of iron added is 0.01-0.02 grams per cubic meter of fermentation raw material, the amount of manganese added is 0.005-0.01 grams, and the amount of zinc added is 0.003-0.008 grams per cubic meter of fermentation raw material; Step 4: After sufficient mixing, the electric valve inside the material discharge mechanism (325) is opened, and the mixed raw materials fall into the fermentation area (33). The heating pipe (331) is started. In the early stage of fermentation, the temperature of the fermentation tank is controlled at 32-33°C, and this temperature range is maintained by heating or heat preservation measures. In the middle stage of fermentation, the temperature is adjusted to 30-32°C. In the late stage of fermentation, the temperature is slightly increased to 33-35°C, and then sodium bicarbonate is added from the guide groove (321) to adjust the pH value to 7.0-7.2 to ensure the activity of the fermentation microorganisms; Step 5: Start the second stirring rod (334) to stir at a speed of 20-30 revolutions per minute. The stirring frequency is adjusted according to the fermentation stage. In the early stage of fermentation, stirring is performed once every 2-3 hours, in the middle stage of fermentation, stirring is performed once every 4-5 hours, and in the late stage of fermentation, stirring is performed once every 6-8 hours. Step 6: After the fermentation is finished, open the gas valve (3351) to collect biogas from the biogas pipe (335), and open the cover door (3361) to collect biogas residue from the biogas residue collection port (336).