A pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas

Abstract

The present invention discloses a frost damage prevention and control structure for pile-supported embankments in seasonally frozen areas, belonging to the field of foundation engineering. The structure comprises a pile-net system, a water-enriching system, a pressure-drawing system, and a roadbed. The water-enriching system comprises a sand layer and a water-enriching drainage pipe. The sand layer is laid on the pile-net system. The water-enriching drainage pipe has one end disposed at the bottom of the sand layer and the other end communicates with the outside, enabling water in the sand layer to be discharged unidirectionally from the inside to the outside. The pressure-drawing system comprises a pressure-drawing chamber and a pressure-drawing pipe. The pressure-drawing chamber is disposed on the sand layer, with a water-proof and air-permeable bottom. The roadbed is laid on the pressure-drawing chamber. The lower end of the pressure-drawing pipe communicates with the pressure-drawing chamber, and the upper end is disposed on the road surface atop the roadbed. The pressure-drawing chamber utilizes the change in air velocity caused by vehicles passing over the road surface to create a pressure difference, causing water in the pile-net system and below to accumulate in the sand layer. After the pressure difference disappears, the enriched water is discharged through the water-enriching drainage pipe. The present invention can avoid the occurrence of a pot-lid effect and reduce the impact of water enrichment on pile-supported reinforced embankments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of foundation engineering, and relates to a pile-supported embankment structure in a seasonally frozen area, and in particular to a frost damage prevention and control structure of a pile-supported embankment in a seasonally frozen area. Background Art

[0002] The pot-lid effect is the primary cause of reduced roadbed service life in cold and arid regions. Previous studies have shown that the pot-lid effect in roadbeds in these regions is caused by the migration of gaseous water into ice under a temperature gradient. This causes a dramatic increase in soil moisture content beneath the overburden, approaching saturation. When the temperature rises, the solid water transforms into liquid water, reducing the bearing capacity of the roadbed and triggering embankment damage. With the development of cold and arid regions in northwest my country, the economic losses caused by embankment damage caused by the pot-lid effect are increasing dramatically. Therefore, developing a method to inhibit or even eliminate the pot-lid effect is of great significance for extending the service life of roadbeds in these regions, ensuring transportation safety, and accelerating economic development.

[0003] Current approaches to addressing the pot lid effect are primarily categorized as hydrophobic and water-blocking, depending on their focus. Chinese patent applications with publication numbers CN117888405A and CN117166307A propose two hydrophobic solutions, respectively. CN117888405A creates vents on the ground surface to allow water vapor to escape, preventing water accumulation. CN117166307A employs a temperature-control layer and modified roadbed fillers to inhibit water freezing and weaken capillary action, thereby circumventing the pot lid effect. Chinese patents with authorization announcement numbers CN215051696U and CN110387781B propose two water-blocking solutions, respectively. Both of these approaches employ barrier layers to alter the water vapor migration path, allowing for early water accumulation and discharge, thereby mitigating the pot lid effect. However, in areas with poor geological conditions, pile-supported reinforced embankments are often used. Affected by uneven settlement, structures such as the temperature control layer and the barrier layer are prone to tearing, breaking, and other damage, causing the structure to lose its original function. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a frost damage prevention and control structure for pile-supported embankments in seasonally frozen areas, which can avoid the occurrence of a pot cover effect and reduce the impact of moisture enrichment on pile-supported reinforced embankments.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in a seasonally frozen area comprises a pile-net system, a water-enriched system, a pressure-drawing system and a roadbed; the pile-net system is a supporting structure fixed to the ground, that is, a supporting force-transmitting structure embedded in the soil below the ground and partially exposed to the ground; the water-enriched system comprises a sand layer and a water-enriched drainage pipe; the sand layer is laid on the pile-net system; one end of the water-enriched drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sand layer, and the other end is communicated with the outside world, and can discharge water in the sand layer from the inside to the outside in a one-way manner; the pressure-drawing system comprises a pressure-drawing chamber and a pressure-drawing pipe; the pressure-drawing chamber is arranged on the sand layer, and the bottom is water-proof and breathable; the roadbed is laid on the pressure-drawing chamber; the lower end of the pressure-drawing pipe is connected to the pressure-drawing chamber, and the upper end is arranged on the road surface at the top of the roadbed, and is communicated with the outside world; the pressure-drawing chamber uses the change in air flow velocity caused by the passage of vehicles on the road surface to form a pressure difference, so that the water in the pile-net system and the water below it is enriched in the sand layer; after the pressure difference disappears, the enriched water is discharged through the water-enriched drainage pipe.

[0007] To optimize the above technical solutions, specific measures taken also include:

[0008] Furthermore, the sand layer is a phase change sand layer, which is composed of uniformly mixed capsule phase change material and sand.

[0009] Furthermore, the water-enriched system also includes a barrier layer; the barrier layer is made of air-proof and water-proof materials and is laid on the outside of the pile-net system above the sand layer and the ground surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the water-rich drainage pipe includes a water-rich drainage pipe body, a self-weight sealing plug and a sand-blocking net; the water-rich drainage pipe body passes through the pile-net system, the upper end is arranged at the bottom of the sand layer, and the lower end is arranged on the side of the pile-net system; the self-weight sealing plug is arranged at the lower end of the water-rich drainage pipe body, and is rotatably connected to the upper side of the lower end of the water-rich drainage pipe body, and covers the outside of the end of the water-rich drainage pipe body by its own weight; when a pressure difference is formed in the pressure-inducing chamber, the water-rich drainage pipe body is sealed by the self-weight sealing plug, and after the pressure difference disappears, the self-weight sealing plug is opened under the action of water; the sand-blocking net is fixed at the upper end of the water-rich drainage pipe body to prevent the sand layer material from being discharged outward with the water; water-rich drainage pipes are provided on both sides of the bottom of the sand layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of the pressure-inducing chambers is one or multiple independent ones; the pressure-inducing chamber is equipped with a pressure-inducing drainage pipe; one end of the pressure-inducing drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the pressure-inducing chamber, and the other end is connected to the outside world, which can discharge the accumulated water in the pressure-inducing chamber from the inside to the outside in a one-way manner.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the pressure-inducing tube are both bell-mouthed, and the lower end is seamlessly connected to the pressure-inducing cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the road surface on top of the roadbed is paved with railway tracks; the number of the pressure chambers is equal to and corresponds to the number of railway tracks, and the upper end of the pressure pipe of the pressure chamber is arranged between the double tracks of the corresponding railway track; the upper end of the pressure pipe protrudes from the road surface and is lower than the top surface of the railway track.

[0014] Furthermore, the road surface on top of the roadbed is a highway; the number of the pressure chambers is equal to and corresponds to the number of lanes of the highway, and the upper end of the pressure pipe of the pressure chamber is arranged in the middle of the corresponding lane.

[0015] Furthermore, the pressure-inducing chamber is formed by the lower shell surface of the chamber and the upper shell surface of the chamber; the lower shell surface of the chamber is composed of a hollow rigid bracket and a waterproof and breathable membrane covering it; the lower shell surface of the chamber is a curved surface; the pressure-inducing drainage pipe is connected to the lowest point of the lower shell surface of the chamber; the upper shell surface of the chamber is in the shape of a trumpet with a wide mouth facing downward; the lower end of the pressure-inducing pipe is connected to the top end of the upper shell surface of the chamber; if there are multiple pressure-inducing chambers, multiple pressure-inducing chambers share the same lower shell surface and upper shell surface of the chamber, and the upper shell surface of the chamber is separated into multiple independent pressure-inducing chambers by a concave portion.

[0016] Furthermore, the pressure drainage pipe includes a pressure drainage pipe body and a sealing assembly; the pressure drainage pipe body passes through the sand layer, the upper end is arranged at the bottom of the pressure chamber, and the lower end is arranged on the side of the sand layer; the sealing assembly includes an annular hoop, a trapezoidal plug and several rebound strips; the pressure drainage pipe body includes a vertical section and an inclined section; the annular hoop is fixed in the vertical section of the pressure drainage pipe body, and the inner diameter gradually increases from top to bottom; the trapezoidal plug is arranged in the annular hoop; the rebound strip is V-shaped, passes through the trapezoidal plug, and is fixed to the annular hoop at both ends; the inner diameter of the lower end of the annular hoop is equal to the outer diameter of the lower end of the trapezoidal plug, and the inner diameter of the upper end is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end of the trapezoidal plug; when a pressure difference is formed in the pressure chamber, the annular hoop is sealed by the trapezoidal plug under the tension of the rebound strip; after the pressure difference disappears, the trapezoidal plug is separated from the annular hoop under the action of water.

[0017] Furthermore, the pile-net system includes a number of piles embedded below the ground surface and rammed soil laid on the piles. The rammed soil is also covered with a self-healing geotextile. The self-healing geotextile is a self-healing material for a water environment. Specifically, it can be a high-hardness elastomer for underwater rapid repair or other materials capable of self-healing in a water environment disclosed by Wang Chao's research group of Tsinghua University in "Advanced Functional Materials" under the title "AStiff yet Rapidly Self-Healable Elastomer in Harsh Aqueous Environments".

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: it suppresses the pot-lid effect by accelerating capillary water migration, centralizing water transport and drainage, and inhibiting water freezing. Furthermore, it effectively utilizes the water generated by the pot-lid effect through self-repairing geotextiles, further improving the bearing capacity of the embankment and reducing the impact of the pot-lid effect. Specifically, compared with traditional pot-lid effect suppression structures, the present invention utilizes a pressure-inducing system and a water-enrichment system to fully utilize the pressure difference generated by the changing air velocity during the passage of a train or car, accelerating the migration rate of capillary water in the soil and achieving localized enrichment of water generated by the pot-lid effect. Furthermore, by utilizing the high-temperature heat absorption and low-temperature heat release characteristics of the capsule phase-change material, it delays the solidification of water in the sand layer under low-temperature conditions, shortens the freezing time and reduces the freezing range, weakens the impact of the suction effect, and effectively suppresses the pot-lid effect. By utilizing the change in the center of gravity of the self-weighted sealing plug and the action of water pressure, while ensuring an effective pressure differential environment, the present invention achieves self-drainage of the enriched water in the sand layer, preventing the sand layer from being saturated for a long time. Furthermore, by introducing self-repairing geotextiles, the high humidity created by the water-enriched sand layer allows the self-healing properties of the water environment to be fully utilized, reducing the impact of geotextile cracking on the soil arching and membrane effects. This solves the problem of uneven settlement of pile-supported reinforced embankments under the pot-lid effect and improves the operational stability of the embankment. In summary, this invention utilizes a low-complexity structure to achieve self-circulating operation of the entire system, improving the reliability of the entire system, ensuring that the embankment maintains a low moisture content for a long period of time and has no areas of long-term water accumulation, effectively suppressing the pot-lid effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the frost damage prevention and control structure of pile-supported embankments in seasonally frozen areas;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rich water drainage pipe and the pressure drainage pipe;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagrams of different states of a self-weight sealing plug for a water-rich drainage pipe, wherein A is a schematic diagram of a closed state of the self-weight sealing plug, and B is a schematic diagram of an open state of the self-weight sealing plug;

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagrams of different states of the sealing assembly of the pressure drainage pipe, wherein A is a schematic diagram of the sealing assembly in the closed state, and B is a schematic diagram of the sealing assembly in the open state;

[0023] The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 1. Pile-net system; 11. Pile; 12. Rammed soil; 13. Self-repairing geotextile; 2. Water-enriched system; 21. Sand layer; 22. Water-enriched drainage pipe; 221. Water-enriched drainage pipe body; 222. Self-weight sealing plug; 2221. Connecting shaft; 223. Sand-blocking net; 23. Barrier layer; 3. Pressure-guiding system; 31. Pressure-guiding cavity; 311. Lower shell of cavity; 312. Upper shell of cavity; 32. Pressure-guiding pipe; 33. Pressure-guiding drainage pipe; 331. Pressure-guiding drainage pipe body; 332. Sealing assembly; 3321. Annular hoop; 3322. Trapezoidal plug; 3323. Rebound strip; 4. Roadbed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas, comprising a pile network system 1, a water-enriched system 2, a pressure-inducing system 3 and a roadbed base 4.

[0026] The pile-net system 1 is a support structure fixed to the ground surface, that is, a support and force-transmitting structure embedded in the soil below the ground surface and partially exposed to the ground surface. The water-enriched system 2 includes a sand layer 21 and a water-enriched drainage pipe 22. The sand layer 21 is laid on the pile-net system 1. One end of the water-enriched drainage pipe 22 is set at the bottom of the sand layer 21, and the other end is connected to the outside world, which can discharge the water in the sand layer 21 from the inside to the outside in a one-way manner. The pressure-inducing system 3 includes a pressure-inducing chamber 31 and a pressure-inducing pipe 32. The pressure-inducing chamber 31 is set on the sand layer 21, and the bottom is water-proof and breathable, that is, only one-way gas circulation occurs between the pressure-inducing system 3 and the water-enriched system 2. The roadbed base 4 is laid on the pressure-inducing chamber 31. The pressure-inducing pipe 32 passes through the roadbed base 4, the lower end is connected to the pressure-inducing chamber 31, and the upper end is set on the road surface at the top of the roadbed base 4, and is connected to the outside world.

[0027] The pressure chamber 31 utilizes the pressure differential created by the changes in air velocity caused by vehicles passing over the road surface, causing water in the pile-net system 1 and below to accumulate in the sand layer 21. Once the pressure differential disappears, the accumulated water is discharged through the water-enrichment drain pipe 22. This process leverages the excellent drainage properties of sand and the deadweight of water to achieve self-drainage in the sand layer 21. This process ensures that the embankment soil maintains a low moisture content over a long period of time, reducing or even preventing the pot-lid effect.

[0028] Regarding the pile-net system 1, Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the pile-net system 1 includes a plurality of piles 11 embedded below the ground surface and compacted soil 12 laid on the piles 11 . The compacted soil 12 is also laid with a self-repairing geotextile 13 , and a sand layer 21 is laid on the self-repairing geotextile 13 .

[0029] Piles 11 are CFG piles or precast piles with caps, with a distance of 4 to 5 times the pile diameter between piles. Self-healing geotextile 13 is a self-healing material for aquatic environments. Specifically, it can be a high-hardness elastomer or other self-healing material capable of underwater rapid healing, as described by Wang Chao's research group at Tsinghua University in the journal Advanced Functional Materials, titled "A Stiff Yet Rapidly Self-Healable Elastomer in Harsh Aqueous Environments." Self-healing materials for aquatic environments utilize molecular structures capable of reversible chemical reactions to achieve self-healing in high-humidity environments. Compared to traditional geotextiles, self-healing geotextile 13 exhibits similar water permeability and similar mechanical properties such as tensile strength and tear strength. While maintaining the soil arching and membrane tension effects, it extends the service life of the geotextile and ensures the long-term stability of its strength. This minimizes the weakening of the soil arching and membrane tension effects caused by geotextile tearing under differential settlement, thus ensuring the structural stability of the pile-supported reinforced embankment. At the same time, the moisture generated by the pot-lid effect is effectively utilized, which reduces the impact of the pot-lid effect on the pile-supported reinforced embankment to a certain extent.

[0030] Regarding the water-enrichment system 2, in a preferred embodiment, the sand layer 21 is a phase-change sand layer composed of a uniform mixture of encapsulated phase-change material and sand. The encapsulated phase-change material is normally in powder form. In the mixed phase-change sand layer, the encapsulated phase-change material is evenly distributed throughout the sand. By leveraging the encapsulated phase-change material's ability to absorb heat at high temperatures and release heat at low temperatures, the encapsulated phase-change material effectively suppresses freezing in the sand layer 21 after water enrichment at low temperatures, weakening the suction effect caused by condensation and freezing, and avoiding the exacerbation of the pot lid effect.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the water-enrichment system 2 also includes a barrier layer 23. This barrier layer 23, constructed from an air- and water-tightening material, is laid outside the sand layer 21 and the pile-net system 1 above the ground surface, seamlessly covering the slope surface from the lower shell of the pressure-inducing chamber 31 to the surface. Made from a polymer material with excellent air- and water-tight properties, the barrier layer 23 blocks external water while forming a sealed space, further ensuring capillary water migration under pressure differentials.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, in a specific embodiment, the water-rich drainage pipe 22 includes a water-rich drainage pipe body 221, a self-weight sealing plug 222 and a sand-blocking net 223. The water-rich drainage pipe body 221 passes through the self-repairing geotextile 13 and the compacted soil 12 of the pile-net system 1, with the upper end arranged at the bottom of the sand layer 21 and the lower end arranged at the side of the compacted soil 12. The self-weight sealing plug 222 is arranged at the lower end of the water-rich drainage pipe body 221, and is rotatably connected to the upper side of the lower end of the water-rich drainage pipe body 221, and is covered by its own weight on the outside of the end of the water-rich drainage pipe body 221. Specifically, as Figure 3 As shown, the deadweight sealing plug 222 is made of a high-strength rubber material such as hydrogenated nitrile rubber. It has a conical structure with an obtuse triangular cross-section. Its short side is in contact with the upper side of the pipe wall, and its tip is rotatably connected to the pipe wall via a connecting shaft 2221. When a pressure differential is generated in the pressure-inducing chamber 31, the water-rich drainage pipe body 221 is sealed by the deadweight sealing plug 222. When the pressure differential disappears, the deadweight sealing plug 222 opens under the action of water. That is, when the pressure-inducing system 3 is operating to create a negative pressure environment, the deadweight sealing plug 222 remains closed under its own weight, preventing the influx of outside air from disrupting the negative pressure environment. At this time, water accumulates from the bottom into the sand layer 21. When the pressure-inducing system 3 stops operating, the closed deadweight sealing plug 222 rotates along the connecting shaft 2221 under the action of water pressure, changing from a closed state to an open state, allowing the water previously accumulated in the sand layer 21 to flow out, thus achieving the water drainage function. The sand blocking net 223 is fixed to the upper end of the water-rich drainage pipe body 221. It is a thin sheet-shaped mesh structure that directly contacts the sand layer 21 and blocks the sand layer 21 from being discharged with the water. The water-rich drainage pipes 22 are installed on both sides of the bottom of the sand layer 21.

[0033] The water-enriching system 2 uses the bottom of the pressure-inducing chamber 31 in the pressure-inducing system 3 to block the water body, achieving water enrichment in the sand layer 21. The water body enriched in the sand layer 21 is drained through the one-way drainage water-enriching drainage pipe 22, and the soil in the sand layer 21 is constrained by the sand-blocking net 223, avoiding the occurrence of soil erosion. The barrier layer 23 is used to block and protect the sand layer 21 and the structure below it, blocking the external water body while forming a closed space, ensuring capillary water migration under the action of pressure difference. Specifically, the sand layer 21 fully utilizes the excellent water storage capacity and drainage performance of the sand, and uses the heat absorption and release efficiency of the capsule phase change material in different environments to achieve the capillary water enrichment process while delaying the solidification process of the liquid water and shortening the duration of the suction effect. At the same time, the uniform mixing of the sand and the capsule phase change material ensures the uniformity of the capsule phase change material's delayed solidification effect on the water body in the sand layer 21, further achieving the weakening of the pot lid effect. The water-enriched drainage pipe 22 is arranged under the sand layer 21. Under the action of gravity, the water pressure at the bottom of the sand layer 21 rises after water is collected, forming an air pressure difference with the external atmospheric pressure, thereby realizing the self-drainage of water without the help of other external forces. The sand-blocking net 223 uses a fine grid to constrain the sand layer 21, and exerts the bite effect of the sand layer 21 itself, ensuring that when the water in the sand layer 21 is discharged, the soil therein remains in a stable state, and the occurrence of the phenomenon of water and soil being discharged at the same time is prevented. The self-weight sealing plug 222 is free to rotate on a fixed axis within the constraint range through the connecting shaft 2221, and utilizes the change of the center of gravity of the structure itself and the action of water pressure to realize the automatic switching of the one-way drainage opening and closing state. While ensuring the water drainage function in the sand layer 21, it avoids the occurrence of air leakage during the pressure difference formation process, realizes the non-interference between the pressure-inducing system 3 and the water-enriched system 2, and ensures the effective operation of the functions of each system. By arranging the barrier layer 23 on both sides of the structure, effective blocking of external precipitation is achieved, the water supply to the pot lid effect is reduced to a certain extent, the formation of a negative pressure environment under the action of pressure difference is achieved, and the effect of accelerated migration of capillary water is ensured.

[0034] Regarding the pressure-inducing system 3 , the number of the pressure-inducing chambers 31 is one or a plurality of independent ones, which is related to the type of the road surface on top of the roadbed 4 .

[0035] If the road surface on top of the roadbed 4 is paved with railway tracks (a railway track is a track structure consisting of a roadbed and two steel rails, which belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail), the number of pressure chambers 31 is equal to the number of railway tracks and corresponds one to one. The upper end of the pressure pipe 32 of the pressure chamber 31 is set between the two rails of the corresponding railway track, that is, the pressure difference is formed by the change in air flow rate caused by the operation of the train. The upper end of the pressure pipe 32 protrudes from the road surface, that is, the roadbed surface, and is lower than the top surface of the steel rails of the railway track. The structural form protruding from the roadbed surface is conducive to the generation of vortex phenomena. According to the Coanda effect, a negative pressure domain can be generated in the surrounding environment, further enhancing the upward suction force formed.

[0036] If the road surface on top of the roadbed 4 is a highway, the number of pressure chambers 31 is equal to the number of lanes on the highway and corresponds one to one. The upper end of the pressure pipe 32 of the pressure chamber 31 is set in the middle of the corresponding lane, that is, the pressure difference is formed by the change in air flow rate caused by the vehicle driving.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, two railway tracks are laid on the road surface on top of the roadbed 4 , so the pressure-inducing system 3 is provided with two pressure-inducing chambers 31 .

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, each pressure-inducing cavity 31 is equipped with a pressure-inducing drainage pipe 33. One end of the pressure-inducing drainage pipe 33 is disposed at the bottom of the pressure-inducing cavity 31, and the other end is connected to the outside. The pressure-inducing drainage pipe 33 can drain rainwater and other accumulated water that enters the pressure-inducing cavity 31 through the pressure-inducing pipe 32 from the inside to the outside in a one-way manner.

[0039] The upper and lower ends of the pressure-inducing tube 32 are both bell-mouthed, and the lower end is seamlessly connected to the pressure-inducing chamber 31. The bell-mouth arrangement increases the rate of gas passage, provides greater upward suction for the migration of water vapor and capillary water, and further promotes the enrichment of moisture.

[0040] The pressure-inducing chamber 31 is formed by a lower shell 311 and an upper shell 312. The lower shell 311 consists of a hollowed-out rigid support frame covered by a waterproof, breathable membrane. The rigid support frame is constructed of a high-strength metal in a lattice structure. The waterproof, breathable membrane is primarily made of EPTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). Its microporous structure or chemical treatment allows the membrane to selectively allow gas molecules to pass through while preventing the penetration of liquid molecules, thereby achieving gas-liquid separation and migration under pressure differential conditions. The lower shell 311 is curved. The pressure-inducing drainage pipe 33 is connected to the lowest point of the lower shell 311, allowing for smooth drainage of accumulated water. The curved lower shell 311 not only facilitates drainage but also increases the contact area between the pressure-inducing chamber 31 and the sand layer 21, enhancing water enrichment. The upper shell 312 is shaped like a trumpet, with the wide mouth facing downward. The lower end of the pressure-inducing pipe 32 is connected to the top of the upper shell 312. The upper shell surface 312 of the cavity is made of rigid metal material, which ensures the strength of the structure itself while effectively blocking and draining rainwater, preventing rainwater from continuing to seep along the roadbed base 4, thereby weakening the pot cover effect.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the two pressure-inducing chambers 31 share the same chamber lower shell surface 311 and chamber upper shell surface 312 , and the chamber upper shell surface 312 is concave to separate two independent pressure-inducing chambers 31 .

[0042] like Figure 2As shown in FIG. 1 , in a specific embodiment, the pressure drainage pipe 33 includes a pressure drainage pipe body 331 and a sealing assembly 332. The pressure drainage pipe body 331 passes through the sand layer 21, with the upper end arranged at the bottom of the pressure chamber 31 and the lower end arranged at the side of the sand layer 21. Figure 4 As shown, the sealing assembly 332 includes an annular hoop 3321, a trapezoidal plug 3322, and several rebound strips 3323. The pressure-inducing drainage pipe body 331 includes a vertical section and an inclined section. The annular hoop 3321 is fixed within the vertical section of the pressure-inducing drainage pipe body 331, and its inner diameter gradually increases from top to bottom. The trapezoidal plug 3322 is disposed within the annular hoop 3321. The rebound strip 3323 is V-shaped, passing through the trapezoidal plug 3322, and fixed to the annular hoop 3321 at both ends. The inner diameter of the lower end of the annular hoop 3321 is equal to the outer diameter of the lower end of the trapezoidal plug 3322, while the inner diameter of the upper end is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end of the trapezoidal plug 3322. When a pressure differential is generated in the pressure-inducing chamber 31, the annular hoop 3321 is sealed by the trapezoidal plug 3322 under the tensile force of the rebound strip 3323. After the pressure differential disappears, the trapezoidal plug 3322 separates from the annular hoop 3321 under the action of water. That is, when the pressure-inducing system 3 is operating to create a negative pressure environment, under the tensile force of the rebound strip 3323, the pressure-inducing drainage pipe body 331 is in a closed state. The rebound strip 3323 is in a state of secondary stress, and the annular hoop 3321 is tightly connected to the lower part of the inverted trapezoidal plug, limiting the outflow of water and preventing the influx of outside air from destroying the negative pressure environment. When the pressure-inducing system 3 stops operating, under the action of the water's own weight, the pressure-inducing drainage pipe 33 is in an open state. The rebound strip 3323 is in a state of strong stress, and the annular hoop 3321 is completely separated from the inverted trapezoidal plug structure without any contact, leaving a path for the water exchange process and effectively achieving the outward drainage of the water. The sealing assembly 332 of the pressure-inducing drainage pipe 33 adopts a non-completely fitted structure, separating the trapezoidal plug 3322 from the annular hoop 3321 through a pressure difference, and using the elasticity of the rebound strip 3323 to achieve the reset of the trapezoidal plug 3322 after the internal and external pressure differential is balanced. The triangular gap formed by the size difference between the annular hoop 3321 and the trapezoidal plug 3322 enables effective water exchange when the trapezoidal plug 3322 separates from the annular hoop 3321. Rebound strips 3323 with varying resilience and initial deformation forces can be selected based on the actual stress state. The connection between the rebound strips 3323, the annular hoop 3321, and the trapezoidal plug 3322 provides a path for water exchange, while the V-shaped arrangement of the rebound strips 3323 ensures a smooth transition between different stress states.

[0043] The pressure-inducing system 3 is based on the Bernoulli principle and the Coanda effect. It utilizes the difference in air flow rate between the bottom of a high-speed train, a freight train, or a car on a highway and the road surface to generate a pressure difference, thereby forming an upward suction force. At the same time, under the action of a waterproof and breathable membrane, it accelerates the migration of water vapor and capillary water in the compacted soil 12 and the soil below it without relying on other external energy sources. By providing a pressure-inducing drainage pipe 33, the occurrence of water accumulation in the pressure-inducing chamber 31 is avoided, thereby ensuring the effective operation of the pressure-inducing system 3.

[0044] The roadbed base 4 is mainly filled with graded crushed stone or graded sand and gravel, and the filling height is not less than 0.7m.

[0045] The construction method of the pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1. Arrange the piles according to the designed calibration positions, lay the compacted soil according to the preset height and arrange the water-rich drainage pipes, and lay multiple layers of self-repairing geotextiles on the compacted soil.

[0047] S2. After thoroughly mixing the sand and capsule phase change material, lay them on the self-repairing geotextile. Control the density of the sand layer and lay it in multiple layers. The initial layout height should be controlled at 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the design height. Lay the pressure drainage pipe at the same time as the sand layer is laid.

[0048] S3. A barrier layer is fitted along the sand layer and the compacted soil slope, and outlets for the water-rich drainage pipe and the pressure drainage pipe are opened according to the design plan.

[0049] S4. Lay out the pressure-inducing system on the sand layer, and construct the roadbed in the upper part of the pressure-inducing cavity according to the relevant requirements of the "Technical Specifications for Highway Roadbed Construction" or "Railway Roadbed Design Specifications" based on the actual use environment.

[0050] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the scientific and technical terms used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art. In addition, the materials and operating procedures used herein are those widely used in the relevant fields and conventional procedures.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. cited in the invention are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas, characterized by: It includes a pile network system (1), a water-enriched system (2), a pressure-inducing system (3) and a roadbed (4); The pile-net system (1) is a support structure fixed to the ground surface; The water-enriching system (2) includes a sand layer (21) and a water-enriching drainage pipe (22); the sand layer (21) is laid on the pile-net system (1); one end of the water-enriching drainage pipe (22) is arranged at the bottom of the sand layer (21), and the other end is communicated with the outside, and can discharge water in the sand layer (21) from the inside to the outside in a one-way manner; The pressure-inducing system (3) includes a pressure-inducing chamber (31) and a pressure-inducing pipe (32); the pressure-inducing chamber (31) is arranged on the sand layer (21), and the bottom thereof is water-proof and air-permeable; the roadbed (4) is laid on the pressure-inducing chamber (31); the lower end of the pressure-inducing pipe (32) is communicated with the pressure-inducing chamber (31), and the upper end thereof is arranged on the road surface on the top of the roadbed (4) and communicated with the outside world; The pressure chamber (31) utilizes the change in air velocity caused by the vehicle passing on the road surface to form a pressure difference, so that the water in the pile-net system (1) and the water below it is enriched in the sand layer (21); After the pressure difference disappears, the enriched water is discharged through the enriched water drain pipe (22).

2. The pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand layer (21) is a phase change sand layer, which is composed of uniformly mixed capsule phase change material and sand.

3. The pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-enriched system (2) further comprises a barrier layer (23); the barrier layer (23) is made of air- and water-isolating material and is laid on the sand layer (21) and the outer side of the pile-net system (1) above the ground surface.

4. The pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rich water drainage pipe (22) comprises a rich water drainage pipe body (221), a self-weight sealing plug (222) and a sand blocking net (223); The water-rich drainage pipe body (221) passes through the pile-net system (1), with the upper end arranged at the bottom of the sand layer (21) and the lower end arranged at the side of the pile-net system (1); The self-weight sealing plug (222) is arranged at the lower end of the water-rich drainage pipe body (221), is rotatably connected to the upper side of the lower end of the water-rich drainage pipe body (221), and covers the outside of the end of the water-rich drainage pipe body (221) by its own weight; when a pressure difference is formed in the pressure-inducing chamber (31), the water-rich drainage pipe body (221) is sealed by the self-weight sealing plug (222); after the pressure difference disappears, the self-weight sealing plug (222) is opened under the action of water; The sand blocking net (223) is fixed to the upper end of the water-rich drainage pipe body (221) to block the sand layer (21) from being discharged outward along with the water; Water-rich drainage pipes (22) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the sand layer (21).

5. The pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The number of the pressure-inducing chambers (31) is one or a plurality of mutually independent ones; The pressure induction chamber (31) is equipped with a pressure induction drainage pipe (33); one end of the pressure induction drainage pipe (33) is arranged at the bottom of the pressure induction chamber (31), and the other end is connected to the outside, so as to discharge the accumulated water in the pressure induction chamber (31) from the inside to the outside in a one-way manner.

6. The pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The road surface on top of the roadbed (4) is paved with railway tracks; The number of the pressure-inducing chambers (31) is equal to and corresponds to the number of railway tracks, and the upper ends of the pressure-inducing pipes (32) of the pressure-inducing chambers (31) are arranged between the two rails of the corresponding railway track; The upper end of the pressure-inducing pipe (32) protrudes from the road surface and is lower than the top surface of the railway track.

7. The pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The road surface on the top of the roadbed (4) is a highway; The number of the pressure induction chambers (31) is equal to and corresponds to the number of lanes on the highway, and the upper ends of the pressure induction pipes (32) of the pressure induction chambers (31) are arranged in the middle of the corresponding lanes.

8. The pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure-inducing cavity (31) is formed by enclosing a cavity lower shell surface (311) and a cavity upper shell surface (312); The lower shell surface (311) of the cavity is composed of a hollow rigid bracket and a waterproof and breathable membrane; The lower shell surface (311) of the cavity is a curved surface; the pressure drain pipe (33) is connected to the lowest point of the lower shell surface (311) of the cavity; The upper shell surface (312) of the cavity is in the shape of a trumpet with a wide mouth facing downward; the lower end of the pressure-guiding tube (32) is connected to the top end of the upper shell surface (312) of the cavity.

9. The pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure-conducting drainage pipe (33) comprises a pressure-conducting drainage pipe body (331) and a sealing assembly (332); The pressure drainage pipe body (331) passes through the sand layer (21), with the upper end arranged at the bottom of the pressure chamber (31) and the lower end arranged on the side of the sand layer (21); The sealing assembly (332) includes an annular hoop (3321), a trapezoidal plug (3322) and a plurality of rebound strips (3323); the annular hoop (3321) is fixed in the pressure drain pipe body (331), and the inner diameter gradually increases from top to bottom; the trapezoidal plug (3322) is arranged in the annular hoop (3321); the rebound strip (3323) passes through the trapezoidal plug (3322), and the two ends are fixed to the annular hoop (3321); The inner diameter of the lower end of the hoop (3321) is equal to the outer diameter of the lower end of the trapezoidal plug (3322), and the inner diameter of the upper end is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end of the trapezoidal plug (3322); when a pressure difference is formed in the pressure-inducing chamber (31), the annular hoop (3321) is sealed by the trapezoidal plug (3322) under the pulling force of the rebound strip (3323); after the pressure difference disappears, the trapezoidal plug (3322) is separated from the annular hoop (3321) under the action of water.

10. The pile-supported embankment frost damage prevention and control structure in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile-net system (1) comprises a plurality of piles (11) embedded below the ground surface and rammed earth (12) laid on the piles (11); the rammed earth (12) is further paved with self-repairing geotextile (13), which is a self-healing material for aquatic environments.

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