Dike-penetrating box culvert and dam anti-seepage sealing structure
By adopting a triple anti-seepage structure combining a flexible waterproof mechanism and a secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism in the embankment through the embankment, the problems of poor durability of the embankment through the embankment and prone to cracks in the joints are solved, and efficient and lasting anti-seepage effect is achieved, enhancing the safety and reliability of the embankment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510042831.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
AI Technical Summary
The existing anti-seepage technology of the dam through the embankment has problems such as poor durability, easy cracks in joints, and difficult construction quality control, which leads to leakage problems from time to time, affecting the safety and reliability of the dam.
A triple anti-seepage structure is adopted that combines a flexible waterproof mechanism and a secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism, including bonding protrusions, matching difficult mouth, water stop belt, bentonite cushion, rigid anti-seepage plate and guide pipe, forming multi-layer protection to enhance anti-seepage performance and stability.
It significantly improves the anti-seepage performance, the bentonite cushion can automatically expand and repair cracks, and the rigid anti-seepage plate can resist external water flow pressure, avoid leakage problems, and improves the embankment's permeability and deformation resistance.
Smart Images
Figure CN119531305A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a dike-penetrating box culvert and a dike anti-seepage closed structure. Background Art
[0002] As an important engineering facility for flood control, water level regulation and water source allocation, dams occupy a vital position in water conservancy projects. With the development of society and the increase in the demand for water resources management, the safety and anti-seepage performance of dams have received widespread attention. The dam-penetrating part, that is, the building structure that passes through the dam (such as box culverts, tunnels, etc.), is often the part of the dam project that is most prone to leakage problems. The anti-seepage technology of these dam-penetrating parts directly affects the safety and reliability of the dam.
[0003] At present, the common anti-seepage measures in the embankment section of the dam mainly include traditional concrete pouring, waterproof membrane laying, bentonite anti-seepage layer, reinforced concrete box culvert, etc. Although these methods are effective to a certain extent, there are still some shortcomings. In particular, leakage problems still occur from time to time during long-term use, threatening the safety of the dam.
[0004] Although the waterproof membrane of the traditional anti-seepage method can effectively prevent water from leaking, its durability is poor and it is easily damaged by external forces or aged for a long time, resulting in a decrease in waterproof effect. The joints between the waterproof membrane and the concrete are prone to become a source of leakage, especially during long-term use, due to factors such as foundation settlement and temperature changes, cracks and leakage may occur at the joints. As a common embankment-penetrating structure, reinforced concrete box culverts have good compressive strength and stability, but their anti-seepage performance still has the following problems in practical applications: the joints between the various units of the box culvert are often prone to become a source of leakage, especially when subjected to external forces, cracks may occur at the joints, leading to water seepage; since most box culverts are large prefabricated components, the construction process requires precise docking, and any deviation may affect the anti-seepage effect of the box culvert. Most of the existing anti-seepage technologies for the embankment-penetrating parts of dams are single anti-seepage means, lacking comprehensive anti-seepage design, and failing to effectively solve problems such as joints and construction quality control.
[0005] At present, achieving a more efficient and lasting anti-seepage effect at the embankment penetration part of the dam has become a major problem in the design of dam projects. Although the existing technology has made some progress, there is still room for improvement, especially in terms of improving the overall performance of the anti-seepage layer, extending the service life, improving construction efficiency and reducing costs. Innovative solutions are urgently needed. Therefore, the development of a dam penetration box culvert and dam anti-seepage closed structure with better anti-seepage effect, simple construction, long-term stability and economic applicability has become an urgent need in the current dam project design. For this reason, we propose a dam penetration box culvert and dam anti-seepage closed structure. Summary of the invention
[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a through-dike box culvert and a dam anti-seepage closed structure to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0008] A dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure, comprising a dike and a plurality of box culverts buried inside the dike, a flexible waterproof mechanism is installed between two adjacent box culverts, the flexible waterproof mechanism comprises a fitting protrusion, a matching groove and a waterstop, one end of the box culvert is provided with a fitting protrusion, the outer side of the fitting protrusion is coated with a waterproof coating, the other end of the box culvert is provided with a matching groove, the inner side of the matching groove is paved with a waterproof membrane, the fitting protrusion is transitionally matched with the inner side of the matching groove, and a waterstop is paved at the connection between the matching groove and the fitting protrusion.
[0009] Preferably, an auxiliary limiting mechanism is installed between two adjacent box culverts, and the auxiliary limiting mechanism is used to increase the stability when the two box culverts are connected.
[0010] Preferably, the auxiliary limiting mechanism includes a trapezoidal reinforcing rib and a limiting cast-in-place component. The side of the box culvert end is integrally fixed with a trapezoidal reinforcing rib, and a casting trough is provided at a position of the trapezoidal reinforcing rib away from the end face of the box culvert. Concrete is poured into the inner side of the casting trough to form a limiting cast-in-place component.
[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary limiting mechanism further comprises anti-ramming undercuts, and a plurality of anti-ramming undercuts are evenly distributed and fixed in an integrated manner on both sides of the limiting cast-in-place component and at positions deviating from the trapezoidal reinforcement ribs.
[0012] Preferably, the anti-ramming undercuts are arranged obliquely in a direction away from the box culvert, and the angle between the anti-ramming undercuts and the limiting cast-in-place component is α, and the angle range of α is: 15°<α≤90°.
[0013] Preferably, both ends of the inner side of one end of the box culvert are integrally fixed with protruding clamps, the outer sides of the protruding clamps are buckled with curved cast-in-place components, and the curved cast-in-place components are fixed on the inner side of the other end of the box culvert.
[0014] Preferably, a secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism is installed between the dam and the box culvert, and the secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism is used to provide anti-seepage protection for the box culvert.
[0015] Preferably, the secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism includes a reinforced ring beam, a flexible waterproof material layer, a bentonite cushion layer and a rigid anti-seepage plate. A reinforced ring beam is arranged between the dam and the box culvert. A flexible waterproof material layer, a bentonite cushion layer and a rigid anti-seepage plate are arranged in sequence between the box culvert and the reinforced ring beam. The flexible waterproof material layer is in close contact with the box culvert, the rigid anti-seepage plate is in close contact with the reinforced ring beam, and the bentonite cushion layer is located between the flexible waterproof material layer and the rigid anti-seepage plate.
[0016] Preferably, a drainage pipe is wound around the outside of the box culvert and at a position deviating from the reinforced ring beam, one end of the drainage pipe is arranged at the connection point of two adjacent box culverts, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected to an external drainage facility.
[0017] It can be seen without a doubt that the above-mentioned technical solution of the present application can definitely solve the technical problem to be solved by the present application.
[0018] At the same time, through the above technical solutions, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0019] 1. The present invention significantly improves the anti-seepage performance through the structural design of the flexible waterproof mechanism combined with the triple anti-seepage structure formed by the secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism. The bentonite cushion layer can automatically expand and repair cracks after contacting water, thereby enhancing the long-term stability of the anti-seepage layer. Through the combination of the rigid anti-seepage plate and the flexible material, it can not only resist the external water flow pressure, but also adapt to the deformation of the dam, thus avoiding the leakage problem.
[0020] 2. The present invention adopts a precast concrete box culvert, and cooperates with the structural design of raised clamps and curved cast-in-place components, which is convenient for quick installation and simplifies the construction process. At the same time, the auxiliary limiting mechanism can cope with the pressure caused by complex environment and long-term use, and is equipped with a drainage system formed by drainage pipes and external drainage facilities, which effectively prevents water accumulation and increases the impermeability and deformation resistance of the dam, especially in soft soil layers and complex water quality environments. It can still maintain a good anti-seepage effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.
[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of two box culverts of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the reinforced ring beam and the box culvert of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the drainage pipe and the box culvert of the present invention.
[0026] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:
[0027] In the figure: 1. embankment; 2. box culvert; 3. fitting protrusion; 4. matching tongue; 5. trapezoidal reinforcement rib; 6. protruding clip; 7. curved cast-in-place component; 8. limited cast-in-place component; 9. anti-ramming undercut; 10. reinforced ring beam; 11. flexible waterproof material layer; 12. bentonite cushion layer; 13. rigid anti-seepage board; 14. drainage pipe; 15. water stop. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0029] Example 1
[0030] Reference Figure 1-4 A through-dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure comprises a dike 1 and a plurality of box culverts 2 buried inside the dike 1, a flexible waterproof mechanism is installed between two adjacent box culverts 2, the flexible waterproof mechanism comprises a fitting protrusion 3, a matching groove 4 and a waterstop 15, a fitting protrusion 3 is arranged at one end of the box culvert 2, the outer side of the fitting protrusion 3 is coated with a waterproof coating, a matching groove 4 is opened at the other end of the box culvert 2, a waterproof membrane is laid on the inner side of the matching groove 4, the fitting protrusion 3 and the inner side of the matching groove 4 are transitionally matched, and a waterstop 15 is laid at the connection between the matching groove 4 and the fitting protrusion 3, the waterstop 15 can effectively fill the gap between the box culvert 2 and the flexible waterproof material layer 11, the bentonite cushion layer 12 and the rigid anti-seepage plate 13, prevent water from penetrating from the joints, and ensure the sealing of the connection parts, the box culvert 2 is assembled in the form of precast concrete components, which increases the convenience of construction.
[0031] An auxiliary limiting mechanism is also installed between two adjacent box culverts 2, and the auxiliary limiting mechanism is used to increase the stability when the two box culverts 2 are connected.
[0032] The auxiliary limiting mechanism includes a trapezoidal reinforcing rib 5 and a limiting cast-in-place component 8. The side of the end of the box culvert 2 is integrally fixed with the trapezoidal reinforcing rib 5. A casting trough is arranged at a position of the trapezoidal reinforcing rib 5 away from the end face of the box culvert 2. After concrete is poured into the inner side of the casting trough, a limiting cast-in-place component 8 is formed. By setting the limiting cast-in-place component 8 and the trapezoidal reinforcing rib 5, the stability and firmness of the connection between the two box culverts 2 can be increased, and cracks and water seepage can be prevented from occurring in the connection between the two adjacent box culverts 2.
[0033] The auxiliary limiting mechanism also includes anti-ramming undercuts 9, and multiple anti-ramming undercuts 9 are evenly distributed and fixed in an integrated manner on both sides of the limiting cast-in-place component 8 and at positions deviating from the trapezoidal reinforcement rib platform 5. The anti-ramming undercuts 9 are all arranged tilted in the direction away from the box culvert 2, and the angle between the anti-ramming undercuts 9 and the limiting cast-in-place component 8 is α, and the angle range of α is: 15°<α≤90°. By setting the anti-ramming undercuts 9, the pull-out resistance of the limiting cast-in-place component 8 can be enhanced, so that the limiting cast-in-place component 8 can stably limit the trapezoidal reinforcement rib platform 5.
[0034] Both ends of the inner side of one end of the box culvert 2 are integrally fixed with raised clamps 6, and the outer side of the raised clamps 6 is buckled with a curved cast-in-place component 7. The curved cast-in-place components 7 are fixed on the inner side of the other end of the box culvert 2, which can increase the stability when the two box culverts 2 are connected, avoid cracks and water seepage, improve the compressive resistance and stability, and prevent the dam from settling or being damaged due to water seepage during long-term use.
[0035] A drainage pipe 14 is wound around the outside of the box culvert 2 and away from the reinforced ring beam 10. One end of the drainage pipe 14 is set at the connection low point of two adjacent box culverts 2, and the other end of the drainage pipe 14 is connected to the external drainage facility. The drainage pipe 14 guides the water that may leak to a safe discharge point in time to avoid the impact of water accumulation on the dam structure, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the dam and reducing the impact of water seepage on the stability of the dam. The drainage pipe 14 is made of high-density polyethylene material, has excellent corrosion resistance and aging resistance, can adapt to different environmental conditions, and ensure long-term operation stability.
[0036] Example 2
[0037] Embodiment 1 is further optimized, specifically, as Figure 3 As shown, a secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism is installed between the dam 1 and the box culvert 2, and the secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism is used to provide anti-seepage protection for the box culvert 2.
[0038] The secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism includes a reinforced ring beam 10, a flexible waterproof material layer 11, a bentonite cushion layer 12 and a rigid anti-seepage plate 13. A reinforced ring beam 10 is arranged between the dam 1 and the box culvert 2, and a flexible waterproof material layer 11, a bentonite cushion layer 12 and a rigid anti-seepage plate 13 are arranged in sequence between the box culvert 2 and the reinforced ring beam 10. The flexible waterproof material layer 11 is in close contact with the box culvert 2, and the rigid anti-seepage plate 13 is in close contact with the reinforced ring beam 10. The bentonite cushion layer 12 is located between the flexible waterproof material layer 11 and the rigid anti-seepage plate 13. Through the design of the triple composite structure, combined with the flexible waterproof material layer 11, the bentonite cushion layer 12 and the rigid anti-seepage plate 13, multiple protections are provided to prevent the occurrence of water seepage. The bentonite cushion layer 12 can swell when encountering water, thereby forming a self-healing anti-seepage barrier, which greatly improves the anti-seepage effect. At the same time, multiple reinforced ring beams 10 can perform secondary reinforcement on the box culvert 2 to prevent the box culvert 2 from being compressed by external forces and causing cracks.
[0039] The bentonite cushion layer 12 is made of sodium-based bentonite material, which can swell when it encounters water, thereby self-healing to form an anti-seepage barrier. The sodium-based bentonite cushion layer has the characteristic of swelling when it encounters water. When water penetrates, the bentonite will swell and fill the gaps, automatically repairing cracks and leakage points, thereby achieving a continuous anti-seepage effect;
[0040] Bentonite can effectively prevent water penetration and is a highly efficient natural anti-seepage material that enhances the overall performance of the dam's anti-seepage system.
[0041] The rigid anti-seepage plate 13 adopts reinforced concrete plate and high-density polyethylene plate, has excellent compressive strength and anti-permeability, can withstand external water flow pressure, and enhance the structural stability of the embankment penetration part; the rigid anti-seepage plate 13 as an external protective layer can effectively prevent the penetration of water flow and ensure the anti-seepage effect of the soil inside the embankment; the rigid anti-seepage plate 13 is easy to transport and install, reduces the construction difficulty, improves the construction efficiency, and reduces the cost.
[0042] From the above, we can know that:
[0043] The present invention addresses the following technical problem: Currently, achieving a more efficient and lasting anti-seepage effect at the embankment penetration site has become a major problem in embankment engineering design. Although the prior art has made some progress, there is still room for improvement, especially in terms of improving the overall performance of the anti-seepage layer, extending the service life, improving construction efficiency and reducing costs, and innovative solutions are urgently needed. Therefore, the development of an embankment penetration box culvert and an embankment anti-seepage closed structure with better anti-seepage effect, simple construction, long-term stability and economic applicability has become an urgent need in the current embankment engineering design; adopting the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments and through the above-mentioned settings, this application will certainly be able to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and achieve the following technical effects:
[0044] 1. The present invention significantly improves the anti-seepage performance through the structural design of the flexible waterproof mechanism combined with the triple anti-seepage structure formed by the secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism. The bentonite cushion layer can automatically expand and repair cracks after contacting water, thereby enhancing the long-term stability of the anti-seepage layer. Through the combination of the rigid anti-seepage plate and the flexible material, it can not only resist the external water flow pressure, but also adapt to the deformation of the dam, thus avoiding the leakage problem.
[0045] 2. The present invention adopts a precast concrete box culvert 2, and cooperates with the structural design of a raised clamp 6 and a curved cast-in-place component 7, which is convenient for quick installation and simplifies the construction process. At the same time, the auxiliary limiting mechanism can cope with the pressure caused by complex environment and long-term use, and is equipped with a drainage system formed by a drainage pipe 14 and external drainage facilities, which effectively prevents water accumulation and increases the impermeability and deformation resistance of the dam, especially in soft soil layers and complex water quality environments. It can still maintain a good anti-seepage effect.
[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0047] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the accompanying drawings, but they do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned specific implementation methods, or to perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A box culvert through a dike and a dike anti-seepage closed structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dam (1) and a plurality of box culverts (2) buried inside the dam (1), wherein a flexible waterproof mechanism is installed between two adjacent box culverts (2), wherein the flexible waterproof mechanism comprises a fitting protrusion (3), a matching groove (4) and a water stop strip (15), wherein one end of the box culvert (2) is provided with a fitting protrusion (3), the outer side of the fitting protrusion (3) is coated with a waterproof coating, and the other end of the box culvert (2) is provided with a matching groove (4), the inner side of the matching groove (4) is paved with a waterproof membrane, the fitting protrusion (3) is transitionally matched with the inner side of the matching groove (4), and a water stop strip (15) is paved at the connection between the matching groove (4) and the fitting protrusion (3).
2. The dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary limiting mechanism is also installed between two adjacent box culverts (2), and the auxiliary limiting mechanism is used to increase the stability when the two box culverts (2) are connected.
3. The dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary limiting mechanism comprises a trapezoidal reinforcing rib platform (5) and a limiting cast-in-place component (8); the side surface of the end of the box culvert (2) is integrally fixed with the trapezoidal reinforcing rib platform (5); a casting trough is provided at a position of the trapezoidal reinforcing rib platform (5) away from the end surface of the box culvert (2); concrete is poured into the inner side of the casting trough to form the limiting cast-in-place component (8).
4. The dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary limiting mechanism further comprises anti-ramming undercuts (9), and a plurality of anti-ramming undercuts (9) are evenly distributed and fixed in an integrated manner on both sides of the limiting cast-in-place component (8) and at positions deviating from the trapezoidal reinforcement rib platform (5).
5. The dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-ramming undercuts (9) are all arranged obliquely in a direction away from the box culvert (2), and the angle between the anti-ramming undercuts (9) and the limiting cast-in-place component (8) is α, and the angle range of α is: 15°<α≤90°.
6. The dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the inner side of one end of the box culvert (2) are integrally fixed with protruding clamps (6), the outer sides of the protruding clamps (6) are buckled with curved cast-in-place components (7), and the curved cast-in-place components (7) are fixed to the inner side of the other end of the box culvert (2).
7. The dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism is installed between the dam (1) and the box culvert (2), and the secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism is used to provide anti-seepage protection for the box culvert (2).
8. The dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The secondary anti-seepage reinforcement mechanism comprises a reinforcement ring beam (10), a flexible waterproof material layer (11), a bentonite cushion layer (12) and a rigid anti-seepage plate (13); the reinforcement ring beam (10) is arranged between the dam (1) and the box culvert (2); the flexible waterproof material layer (11), the bentonite cushion layer (12) and the rigid anti-seepage plate (13) are arranged in sequence between the box culvert (2) and the reinforcement ring beam (10); the flexible waterproof material layer (11) is in contact with the box culvert (2); the rigid anti-seepage plate (13) is in contact with the reinforcement ring beam (10); and the bentonite cushion layer (12) is located between the flexible waterproof material layer (11) and the rigid anti-seepage plate (13).
9. The dike box culvert and dike anti-seepage closed structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage pipe (14) is wound around the outside of the box culvert (2) and at a position deviating from the reinforced ring beam (10); one end of the drainage pipe (14) is arranged at a low point where two adjacent box culverts (2) are connected; and the other end of the drainage pipe (14) is connected to an external drainage facility.