Building smoke exhausting and ventilating device and mounting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ventilation devices, aims at solving the problem that when an existing ventilation device is used for smoothing and eliminating, a filter screen influences the normal use state of the device, and provides a building smoke exhaust ventilation device which comprises a pipe body, a draught fan, the filter screen, a fixing block, an elastic piece and a limiting block. The fan is arranged in the pipe body; the filter screen is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the pipe body, and the filter screen is located on the air inlet side of the fan; the fixing block is arranged at the bottom end of the filter screen, and a limiting hole is formed in the fixing block; the elastic piece is arranged on the top wall of the pipe body; the free end of the elastic piece is connected with the limiting block. The filter screen can be started or stopped according to the environment state, and when the filter screen is stopped, the influence of the weight of the filter screen on the driving device can be reduced through the arrangement of the elastic piece, the limiting block and the fixing block; when the filter screen needs to be started, the limiting blocks can compress the elastic pieces and break away from the limiting holes by rotating the filter screen, and operation is easy and fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ventilation devices, and in particular to a building smoke exhaust ventilation device and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ventilation devices used in buildings are mainly used for normal air circulation and smoke exhaust when a fire occurs. Since the smoke exhaust function is not often used, the installation of ventilation devices in the prior art is generally not just for smoke exhaust during a fire. They are usually dual-purpose ventilation devices. However, when a fire occurs, the number and particle size of air particles are much larger than usual. To prevent these particles from causing wear or damage to key components such as fans and motors, it is often necessary to set a filter at the air inlet. However, during normal use, the filter does not need to perform the filtering function. The filter will essentially hinder the circulation of internal and external air to a certain extent, especially when the fan stops, thereby affecting the normal air circulation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a building smoke exhaust ventilation device to solve the problem that when the existing ventilation device is used for both horizontal and horizontal fire fighting, the filter screen affects the normal use state of the device.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide an installation method for a building smoke exhaust ventilation device to increase the stability of the ventilation device.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A building smoke exhaust ventilation device comprises: a tube body, a fan, a filter, a fixed block, an elastic member and a limit block; the fan is arranged in the tube body; the filter is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tube body, and the filter is located on the air inlet side of the fan; the bottom end of the filter is provided with the fixed block, and the fixed block is provided with a limit hole; the top wall of the tube body is provided with the elastic member; the free end of the free end of the elastic member is connected to the limit block; when the filter rotates to a horizontal state, the limit block is located in the limit hole.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom end of the filter screen includes a first curved wall, the end of the limit block away from the elastic member is provided with a second curved wall cooperating with the first curved wall, and the limit block is provided with a third curved wall for abutting against the first curved wall.

[0008] Preferably, the top wall of the tube body is provided with a first magnet, and the fixing block is provided with a second magnet cooperating with the first magnet.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes: a cleaning device, a dust box and a lifting mechanism, the top wall of the tube body is provided with the cleaning device; the bottom wall of the tube body is provided with a cavity; the dust box is connected to the lifting mechanism; when the dust box descends to the lowest point, it is accommodated in the cavity.

[0010] Preferably, a rack is provided on the side wall of the dust box, and the lifting mechanism includes: a driving device, a first gear and a second gear, the output shaft of the driving device is connected to the top of the filter; the first gear is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the driving device; the second gear is in at least one state of transmission connection with the first gear and the rack; when the driving device rotates the filter from a vertical state to a horizontal state, the dust box rises synchronously.

[0011] Preferably, the second gear is connected to the side wall of the cavity through a first telescopic rod.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side wall of the dust box is provided with a slider, and the side wall of the cavity is provided with a slide groove cooperating with the slider; when the slider moves to the bottom end of the slide groove, the dust box is completely accommodated in the cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the cleaning device includes: a second telescopic rod, a third telescopic rod and a brush head, the second telescopic rod is arranged horizontally and connected to the side wall of the tube body; the third telescopic rod is arranged longitudinally and connected to the side wall of the second telescopic rod; the brush head is connected to the free end of the third telescopic rod; when the third telescopic rod is in the process of extending, there is at least one state that allows the bristles of the brush head to pass through the filter holes of the filter.

[0014] Preferably, it includes: a smoke sensor and a control module, the smoke sensor is connected to the tube body; the control module is electrically connected to the smoke sensor; when the smoke sensor detects that the smoke concentration exceeds a threshold value, the signal is transmitted to the control module, and the control module controls the filter to rotate to a vertical state.

[0015] A method for installing the building smoke exhaust ventilation device comprises:

[0016] S100, connecting support steel to the side wall of the building; the bottom wall of the tube body is provided with a support angle abutting against the top wall of the support steel;

[0017] S200, connecting the hanging steel to the top wall of the building, wherein the bottom end of the hanging steel passes through the tube body and the supporting angle and is connected to the supporting steel;

[0018] At least two suspension steels are provided, and the suspension steels are respectively provided at two ends of the fan.

[0019] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The filter in the present invention can be activated or deactivated according to the environmental conditions. When deactivated, the influence of the filter weight on its driving device can be reduced by setting the elastic part, the limit block and the fixed block. When the filter needs to be activated, the filter can be rotated to make the limit block compress the elastic part and disengage from the limit hole. The operation is simple and quick. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a first structural schematic diagram of a building smoke exhaust ventilation device;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a second structural schematic diagram of a building smoke exhaust ventilation device;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Detailed view of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the lifting mechanism Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the lifting mechanism Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 6 is a first top view of the dust box;

[0028] Figure 7 is a second top view of the dust box;

[0029] Figure 8 is a side view of the cleaning device;

[0030] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the ventilation device;

[0031] Figure markings: 1-tube body, 101-first magnet, 102-support angle, 103-cavity, 104-slide, 2-fan, 3-filter, 4-fixed block, 401-limiting hole, 402-second magnet, 5-elastic member, 6-limiting block, 7-dust box, 701-rack, 702-slider, 8-driving device, 9-first gear, 10-second gear, 11-first telescopic rod, 12-second telescopic rod, 13-third telescopic rod, 14-brush head, 15-support steel, 16-suspension steel, 17-spring shock absorber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, method scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the method scheme in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0033] Ventilation devices used in buildings are mainly used for normal air circulation and smoke exhaust when a fire occurs. Since the smoke exhaust function is not commonly used, the installation of ventilation devices in the prior art is generally not only for smoke exhaust during a fire, and is usually a dual-purpose ventilation device. However, when a fire occurs, the number and particle size of air particles are much larger than usual. To prevent these particles from causing wear or damage to key components such as fans and motors, it is often necessary to set a filter at the air inlet. However, in normal use, the filter does not need to achieve the filtering function. The filter will essentially hinder the circulation of internal and external air to a certain extent, especially when the fan stops, thereby affecting the normal air circulation. The applicant hopes to avoid the filter affecting the circulation of air inside and outside the building under normal conditions by improving the structure of the ventilation device.

[0034] Example 1: Figure 1-3 As shown, a building smoke exhaust ventilation device comprises: a tube body 1, a fan 2, a filter 3, a fixing block 4, an elastic member 5 and a limiting block 6; the fan 2 is arranged in the tube body 1; the filter 3 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tube body 1, and the filter 3 is located on the air inlet side of the fan 2; the bottom end of the filter 3 is provided with the fixing block 4, and the fixing block 4 is provided with a limiting hole 401; the top wall of the tube body 1 is provided with the elastic member 5; the free end of the free end of the elastic member 5 is connected to the limiting block 6; when the filter 3 is rotated to a horizontal state, the limiting block 6 is located in the limiting hole 401.

[0035] During the specific implementation process, the fan 2 can adopt a two-speed fan 2, and the two-speed fan 2 can adjust the operating speed according to actual needs. Under normal circumstances, the fan 2 can operate at a low speed to maintain basic ventilation needs, thereby saving energy consumption; when a fire occurs or strong smoke exhaust is required, it switches to high-speed mode to ensure sufficient air flow to quickly remove the smoke. This on-demand adjustment capability helps to reduce long-term operating costs. Different types of buildings may have different ventilation needs. For example, office spaces, shopping malls, hospitals and other places have different requirements for air quality. The two-speed fan 2 provides greater configuration flexibility and can set appropriate operating parameters according to different scenarios to meet diverse needs. The elastic member 5 can be a spring. It can be as follows Figure 3As shown, a guide groove for accommodating the elastic member 5 is provided in the tube body 1, and the longitudinal displacement of the spring is limited by the guide groove. When the elastic member 5 is in a natural state, a part of the limit block 6 is located in the guide groove, and a part protrudes from the guide groove. The part protruding from the guide groove may be less than the part located in the guide groove, thereby reducing the influence of the gravity of the limit block 6 on the shape of the elastic member 5.

[0036] When a fire occurs, Figure 1 As shown, the filter 3 is in a vertical state. The filter 3 can be set at the air inlet. After the smoke is filtered through the filter 3, it spreads to other areas. The filter 3 can effectively block dust, sand and other large particles in the air to prevent them from entering the ventilation system. This not only helps to keep the system clean, but also prevents these particles from causing wear or damage to key components such as the fan 2 and the motor. In some environments, the air may contain corrosive gases or particles, such as salt spray, chemical smoke, etc. Using appropriate filter 3 materials (such as stainless steel or corrosion-resistant alloys) can filter out these harmful substances, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0037] After the fire is over, rotate the filter 3 so that the filter 3 Figure 2 During the rotation process, the fixed block 4 at the bottom of the filter 3 abuts against the limit block 6, pushing the limit block 6 to compress the elastic member 5. When the limit hole 401 on the fixed block 4 reaches the corresponding position of the limit block 6, the limit block 6 enters the limit hole 401 under the action of the rebound force of the elastic member 5. At this time, the limit block 6 can provide support for the filter 3, reducing the influence of the gravity of the filter 3 on its driving device 8.

[0038] Embodiment 2: In order to better lock and detach the limit block 6 from the fixed block 4, an improvement is made on the basis of embodiment 1, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the bottom end of the filter 3 includes a first curved wall, the end of the limit block 6 away from the elastic member 5 is provided with a second curved wall cooperating with the first curved wall, and the limit block 6 is provided with a third curved wall for abutting against the first curved wall.

[0039] In the specific implementation process, the stopper 6 can be spherical. The first curved wall has at least two functions: one is to achieve the position change between the bottom end of the filter 3 and the bottom wall of the tube body 1 during the rotation of the filter 3; the other is to better achieve the squeezing and release of the stopper 6 through the cooperation between the first curved wall and the third curved wall. Figure 3 As shown, the second curved wall gradually approaches the filter screen 3 during the process of extending downward. When the filter screen 3 is in a horizontal state, the second curved wall also has a certain supporting effect on the filter screen 3.

[0040] Embodiment 3: In order to improve the stability of the filter screen 3 in the horizontal state, improvements are made on the basis of embodiment 2, such as Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the top wall of the tube body 1 is provided with a first magnet 101 , and the fixing block 4 is provided with a second magnet 402 that cooperates with the first magnet 101 .

[0041] In the specific implementation process, the suction force of the first magnet 101 and the second magnet 402 can further improve the filter 3. The first magnet 101 can be an electromagnet. When the filter 3 needs to be rotated to a vertical state, the electromagnet can be powered off to avoid magnetic force hindering the rotation of the filter 3.

[0042] Embodiment 4: In order to prevent particles adhering to the filter screen 3 from affecting the next use effect of the filter screen 3 after a fire, improvements are made on the basis of Embodiments 1-3, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, it also includes: a cleaning device, a dust box 7 and a lifting mechanism, the top wall of the tube body 1 is provided with the cleaning device; the bottom wall of the tube body 1 is provided with a cavity 103; the dust box 7 is connected to the lifting mechanism; when the dust box 7 descends to the lowest point, it is accommodated in the cavity 103.

[0043] In the specific implementation process, after the fire is over, a large amount of dust and particles will remain on the filter 3, which will affect the air permeability of the filter 3 and the discharge of smoke in the next fire. For some indoor environments with poor air quality, such as some dusty factory areas, the filter 3 will also be activated during normal ventilation, and the dust and particles remaining on the filter 3 also need to be cleaned frequently.

[0044] Exemplarily, after a fire occurs, the filter 3 is rotated to a horizontal state, the dust box 7 is raised to the bottom of the filter 3 by the lifting mechanism, and then the debris on the filter 3 is cleaned into the dust box 7 by the cleaning device. After the dust box 7 rises, the distance between the dust box 7 and the filter 3 can be reduced, so that the dust and particles falling from the filter 3 can fall into the dust box 7 better. After the dust box 7 is collected, it is lowered into the cavity 103 to prevent the dust box 7 from obstructing the circulation of air. A dust discharge port can be set below the dust box 7, and the bottom wall of the cavity 103 is connected to the dust discharge pipe. The dust discharge pipe can be pre-buried in the wall. When the dust in the dust box 7 reaches a preset height or after each cleaning of the filter 3, the dust discharge port is opened to discharge the dust to a designated location.

[0045] For example, when the air quality in the building is low under normal conditions, the filter 3 is in an activated state for a long time. When there is a lot of dust and the like remaining on the filter 3, the filter 3 can be rotated to a horizontal state, and the dust on the filter 3 can be cleaned by a cleaning device, and collected and discharged by the dust box 7. The filter 3 can be cleaned regularly or by testing the air volume through an air volume sensor. When the filter 3 is blocked, the air volume will become smaller. After setting the minimum air volume threshold, the filter 3 will be automatically cleaned when the threshold is reached.

[0046] Embodiment 5: In order to simply realize the lifting and lowering of the dust box 7, an improvement is made on the basis of Embodiment 4, such as Figure 4-6 As shown, in this embodiment, the side wall of the dust box 7 is provided with a rack 701, and the lifting mechanism includes: a driving device 8, a first gear 9 and a second gear 10, the output shaft of the driving device 8 is connected to the top of the filter 3; the first gear 9 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the driving device 8; the second gear 10 is in at least one state in which it is transmission-connected with the first gear 9 and the rack 701; when the driving device 8 rotates the filter 3 from a vertical state to a horizontal state, the dust box 7 rises synchronously.

[0047] In the specific implementation process, the driving device 8 can be a rotating motor, and the driving device 8 can be placed on the side wall of the tube body 1 or installed outside the tube body 1. The first gear 9 can realize transmission reversal through a bevel gear. When the driving device 8 drives the filter screen 3 to rotate from a vertical state to a horizontal state, the first gear 9 drives the second gear 10 to rotate, and the second gear 10 drives the rack 701 to rise, thereby realizing the rise of the dust box 7. Figure 4 As shown, first gears 9 are provided on both sides of the filter screen 3 to improve the movement stability of the dust box 7. In order to further improve the movement stability of the dust box 7, the second gear 10 can be located at the lower left or lower right of the first gear 9, so that the rack 701 can be as shown. Figure 6 As shown, it is arranged in the middle of the side wall of the dust collecting box 7.

[0048] For example, when the ventilation device is used in a space where the indoor air is usually dusty, the filter 3 is often in the starting state. When there is a lot of dust on the surface of the filter 3, the rotary motor is started to drive the filter 3 to rotate, and the dust box 7 rises synchronously. Then the cleaning device is started to clean the dust on the filter 3 into the dust box 7. Finally, the motor is reversed, the filter 3 is reset to the vertical state, and the dust box 7 descends. In addition, regular cleaning of the dust on the filter 3 can prevent the poor air permeability of the filter 3 in the event of a sudden fire, which affects the discharge of smoke.

[0049] Embodiment 6: In order to better realize the lowering of the dust box 7, improvements are made on the basis of Embodiment 5, such as Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the second gear 10 is connected to the side wall of the cavity 103 through a first telescopic rod 11.

[0050] In the specific implementation process, when the first telescopic rod 11 is extended and retracted to make the second gear 10 disengage from the rack 701, the dust box 7 can automatically drop, so as to be suitable for the scene where the filter screen 3 is not activated at ordinary times. A spring can be connected below the dust box 7, and the dust box 7 is reset by the gravity of the dust box 7 and the resilience of the spring.

[0051] Exemplarily, the filter 3 is activated only in case of fire. After the fire is over, the second gear 10 is connected to the rack 701, the motor is started, the filter 3 rotates to a horizontal state, and the dust box 7 rises. When the filter 3 is cleaned, the first telescopic rod 11 is started to disengage the second gear 10 from the rack 701. At this time, the state of the filter 3 remains unchanged, and the dust box 7 descends to the cavity 103.

[0052] Embodiment 7: In order to improve the moving stability of the dust box 7, improvements are made on the basis of Embodiment 4. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the dust box 7 is provided with a slider 702, and the side wall of the cavity 103 is provided with a slide groove 104 cooperating with the slider 702; when the slider 702 moves to the bottom end of the slide groove 104, the dust box 7 is completely accommodated in the cavity 103.

[0053] In the specific implementation process, the movement stability of the dust box 7 can be improved by the cooperation between the slider 702 and the slide groove 104, and the rising and falling distances of the dust box 7 can be limited by the end of the slide groove 104. The dust box 7 is completely accommodated in the cavity 103 to prevent the dust box 7 from blocking the airflow. The slider 702 can be a damping slider 702, such as a damping slider 702 used in a common drawer. The damping slider 702 can slow down the speed of the dust box 7 descending.

[0054] Embodiment 8: In order to improve the cleaning ability of the cleaning device, improvements are made on the basis of Embodiment 4, such as Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the cleaning device includes: a second telescopic rod 12, a third telescopic rod 13 and a brush head 14, the second telescopic rod 12 is arranged horizontally and connected to the side wall of the tube body 1; the third telescopic rod 13 is arranged longitudinally and connected to the side wall of the second telescopic rod 12; the brush head 14 is connected to the free end of the third telescopic rod 13; when the third telescopic rod 13 is in the process of extending, there is at least one state in which the bristles of the brush head 14 pass through the filter holes of the filter 3.

[0055] In the specific implementation process, in order to prevent the cleaning device from being exposed to the air circulation area and accumulating a large amount of dust when the ventilation device is ventilating, the cleaning device is preferably completely accommodated in the top wall of the tube body 1. However, this will make it difficult for the filter 3 to effectively contact the cleaning device after it rotates to the horizontal position. Therefore, the third telescopic rod 13 is used in this embodiment. After the third telescopic rod 13 is extended, the bristles on the brush head 14 can pass through the filter holes. When the second telescopic rod 12 controls the brush head 14 to move, the bristles can better clean the dust on the filter 3.

[0056] Example 9: In order to better realize the switching between the activation and retracted states of the filter 3, an improvement is made on the basis of Example 8. In this embodiment, it includes: a smoke sensor and a control module, the smoke sensor is connected to the tube body 1; the control module is electrically connected to the smoke sensor; when the smoke sensor detects that the smoke concentration exceeds the threshold, the signal is transmitted to the control module, and the control module controls the filter 3 to rotate to the vertical state.

[0057] In the specific implementation process, the control module can use a single chip microcomputer. When a fire occurs, the smoke sensor detects that the smoke concentration exceeds the threshold value, that is, transmits a signal to the control module, and controls the drive device 8 of the filter 3 to rotate through the control module, so that the filter 3 is in a vertical state to achieve smoke filtering. However, after the fire is over, the smoke sensor detects that the smoke concentration has dropped to a normal value, and can transmit a signal to the control module, and controls the drive device 8 of the filter 3 to rotate through the control module, so that the filter 3 rotates to a horizontal state, and then the dust on the filter 3 is cleaned by the cleaning device.

[0058] Example 10: Fig. 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for installing the building smoke exhaust ventilation device, including:

[0059] S100, connecting the supporting steel 15 to the side wall of the building; the bottom wall of the tube body 1 is provided with a supporting angle 102 abutting against the top wall of the supporting steel 15;

[0060] S200, connecting the hanging steel 16 to the top wall of the building, the bottom end of the hanging steel 16 passes through the tube body 1 and the support angle 102 and then is connected to the supporting steel 15;

[0061] At least two suspension steels 16 are provided, and the suspension steels 16 are respectively provided at two ends of the fan 2 .

[0062] In the specific implementation process, the support steel 15 can be made of channel steel, and the suspension steel 16 can be made of round steel. Fig. 9 The existing spring damper 17 shown is used to reduce the vibration and noise generated when the ventilation system is running, and prevent the vibration of these devices from being transmitted to the building structure, thereby reducing noise pollution and protecting the building structure from long-term vibration damage. Fig. 9 As shown, it is arranged close to both ends of the fan 2, so that the pipe body 1 near the vibration source is more stable and the transmission of vibration is reduced.

[0063] The same ventilation device can be used partly as smoke exhaust and partly as air supply. In some smoke exhaust system designs, in order to effectively exhaust smoke from a specific area, it is necessary to adjust the indoor pressure through the air supply fan 2. For example, a positive pressure air supply system is set up in the stairwell or antechamber to prevent smoke from invading these escape routes; in other areas, it may be necessary to create a negative pressure to attract smoke into the smoke exhaust port. The air supply fan 2 can introduce fresh air into the building during the smoke exhaust process to ensure sufficient oxygen supply, which is very important for maintaining the completeness of the combustion process and reducing the generation of toxic gases. At the same time, it also provides better conditions for the safe evacuation of personnel. When the smoke exhaust system is working, if there is no proper air supply measure, outdoor air may enter the building through informal channels such as door and window gaps, causing irregular flow of smoke or even backflow to safe areas. The air supply fan 2 can introduce fresh air in an organized manner to avoid this situation. In an emergency, such as a fire, the air supply fan 2 works in conjunction with the smoke exhaust system to effectively control the direction and range of smoke diffusion, create a clear and safe passage for personnel evacuation, and reduce the risk of inhaling harmful smoke.

[0064] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building smoke exhaust ventilation device, characterized in that: include: tube body; A fan, wherein the fan is arranged in the tube body; A filter screen, the filter screen is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tube body, and the filter screen is located at the air inlet side of the fan; A fixing block, the bottom end of the filter screen is provided with the fixing block, and the fixing block is provided with a limiting hole; An elastic member, the top wall of the tube body is provided with the elastic member; A limit block, to which the free end of the free end of the elastic member is connected; When the filter screen rotates to a horizontal state, the limiting block is located in the limiting hole.

2. The building smoke exhaust ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the filter screen includes a first curved wall, the end of the limit block away from the elastic member is provided with a second curved wall matching the first curved wall, and the limit block is provided with a third curved wall for abutting against the first curved wall.

3. The building smoke exhaust ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top wall of the tube body is provided with a first magnet, and the fixing block is provided with a second magnet matching with the first magnet.

4. The building smoke exhaust ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A cleaning device, the top wall of the tube body is provided with the cleaning device; The bottom wall of the tube body is provided with a cavity; A dust box and a lifting mechanism, wherein the dust box is connected to the lifting mechanism; when the dust box is lowered to the lowest point, it is accommodated in the cavity.

5. The building smoke exhaust ventilation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the dust box is provided with a rack, and the lifting mechanism comprises: A driving device, wherein an output shaft of the driving device is connected to a top end of the filter screen; a first gear, the first gear being coaxially connected to an output shaft of the driving device; A second gear, the second gear being in driving connection with the first gear and the rack in at least one state; When the driving device rotates the filter screen from a vertical state to a horizontal state, the dust collecting box rises synchronously.

6. The building smoke exhaust ventilation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second gear is connected to the side wall of the cavity through a first telescopic rod.

7. The building smoke exhaust ventilation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the dust box is provided with a sliding block, and the side wall of the cavity is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding block; When the sliding block moves to the bottom end of the sliding groove, the dust collecting box is completely accommodated in the cavity.

8. The building smoke exhaust ventilation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning device comprises: a second telescopic rod, the second telescopic rod being arranged transversely and connected to a side wall of the tube body; a third telescopic rod, the third telescopic rod being longitudinally arranged and connected to a side wall of the second telescopic rod; A brush head connected to the free end of the third telescopic rod; When the third telescopic rod is in the process of extending, there is at least one state in which the bristles of the brush head pass through the filter holes of the filter screen.

9. The building smoke exhaust ventilation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: include: smoke A sensor, wherein the smoke sensor is connected to the tube body; a control module, the control module being electrically connected to the smoke sensor; When the smoke sensor detects that the smoke concentration exceeds a threshold value, a signal is transmitted to the control module, and the control module controls the filter to rotate to a vertical state.

10. A method for installing the building smoke exhaust ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: S100, connecting support steel to the side wall of the building; the bottom wall of the tube body is provided with a support angle abutting against the top wall of the support steel; S200, connecting the hanging steel to the top wall of the building, wherein the bottom end of the hanging steel passes through the tube body and the supporting angle and is connected to the supporting steel; At least two suspension steels are provided, and the suspension steels are respectively provided at two ends of the fan.

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