Measuring device for axle box body pull rod seat of harmonious locomotive

Abstract

The invention provides a harmonious locomotive axle box body pull rod seat measuring device, which relates to the technical field of locomotive framework detection and comprises an ejector rod positioning mechanism, a rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck, a laser limiting distance measuring module and a stepping lead screw module which are arranged on a bottom plate. A linear guide rail is mounted at the bottom of the ejector rod positioning mechanism, so that the ejector rod positioning mechanism linearly moves in the Y-axis direction, and the ejector rod positioning mechanism is perpendicular to the X-axis where the stepping lead screw module moves, so that the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck can be accurately positioned to the center of an inner hole of the axle box; a thrust ball bearing is mounted at the bottom of the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck, so that free rotation of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck is guaranteed; the laser limiting distance measuring module comprises a measuring module and an infrared limiting module. The axle box pull rod seat dimension measuring device can accurately and efficiently measure the dimension of the axle box pull rod seat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of locomotive frame detection, and in particular to a measuring device for axle box draw rod seat of a Harmony type locomotive. Background Art

[0002] The axle box is one of the most important parts of the locomotive running gear. Its main function is to connect the wheelset to the frame through a series of springs and tie rods, provide support for the frame and provide running power for the locomotive. If the distance difference between the axle box tie rod seat surface on both sides of a set of wheelsets and the axle axis exceeds the theoretical value, it will cause a deviation between the actual position of the axle and the theoretical position, which will increase the wear of the wheel rim and reduce the service life of the wheel. In severe cases, it may cause a derailment accident, which seriously threatens driving safety. Therefore, the new manufacturing process of the Harmony electric locomotive and the C5 / C6 repair process require that the distance between the axle box tie rod seat surface and the inner hole axis must be measured during the assembly process.

[0003] At present, there are two main methods for measuring the size of the axle box tie rod seat. One is to use a three-coordinate measuring instrument, which has the advantage of accurate measurement, but the disadvantage is that it is time-consuming, costly, and requires professional operation; the other is to use the existing axle box tie rod seat size measurement tooling, which consists of three parts: standard gauge, measuring frame and depth caliper. The basic operation method is as follows (the default standard gauge and height gauge have passed the test and qualified): 1. Zeroing: first place the standard gauge on a flat workbench, and then place the measuring frame on the standard gauge, so that the positioning plate and the end face of the axle box body are fully in contact, turn the expansion screw to make the positioning wheel of the inner hole of the axle box in a fully open state, and finally tighten the positioning plate, put the digital depth gauge measuring head on the standard gauge alignment seat and adjust to zero, and complete the measurement preparation; 2. Measurement: Loosen the positioning plate and the expansion screw, remove the measuring frame, put it on the axle box body, repeat the zeroing operation, read the digital depth gauge indication and record it, and the measurement of the tie rod seat on one side of the axle box body is completed; repeat the above operation to complete the size of the tie rod seat on the other side and record it.

[0004] The disadvantage of the existing tooling for measuring the size of the axle box tie rod seat is that when the force line of the axle box tie rod seat does not pass through the axis of the inner hole of the axle box, the error is large, and the error is proportional to the distance between the force line of the axle box tie rod seat and the axis of the inner hole of the axle box. Taking the HXD3B locomotive as an example, when the distance between the force line of the axle box tie rod seat and the axis of the inner hole of the axle box is 70, the existing axle box tie rod seat size measurement tooling cannot accurately measure the size of the axle box tie rod seat, and the accuracy of repeated measurements is less than 10%. The reason is that when the positioning plate is tightened, due to clearance, friction and uneven force, there will be a certain deviation between the axis of the measuring frame positioning plate and the center line of the inner hole of the axle box body.

[0005] For the axle box whose tie rod seat force line passes through the axis of the inner hole of the axle box, when the deviation between the axis of the measuring frame positioning plate and the center line of the inner hole of the axle box is 1 degree, the depth gauge measurement position will be offset. The error caused by the measurement position offset is 0.04mm.

[0006] For the axle box whose tie rod seat force line does not pass through the axis of the inner hole of the axle box, when the deviation between the axis of the measuring frame positioning plate and the center line of the inner hole of the axle box is 1 degree, the depth gauge measurement position will be seriously offset. The error caused by the measurement position offset is 1.18mm, which is much larger than the tolerance value of 0.15mm.

[0007] Therefore, it is explained that this measurement method is not suitable for measuring the size of the axle box tie rod seat whose force line does not pass through the axis of the axle box inner hole. The present invention provides an automatic measuring device for the axle box tie rod seat size of a Harmony type locomotive to solve the above problem. Summary of the invention

[0008] According to the above technical problem that the existing axle box tie rod seat size measurement tool is inaccurate, a measurement device for the axle box tie rod seat of a Harmony locomotive is provided. The present invention mainly improves the working efficiency, reduces the labor intensity, improves the credibility of the measurement results, and protects the measured workpiece and driving safety through a positioning structure, a measurement structure and a control system.

[0009] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0010] A measuring device for axle box drawbar seat of a Harmony locomotive, comprising a push rod positioning mechanism arranged on a bottom plate, a rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck, a laser limit distance measurement module, and a stepping screw module;

[0011] A linear guide rail is installed at the bottom of the push rod positioning mechanism, so that the push rod positioning mechanism moves linearly along the Y-axis direction. The push rod positioning mechanism is perpendicular to the X-axis where the stepping screw module moves, so that the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck can be accurately positioned at the center of the inner hole of the axle box;

[0012] A thrust ball bearing is installed at the bottom of the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck to ensure the free rotation of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck;

[0013] The laser limit distance measuring module includes two infrared distance measuring modules. The inner side of the laser limit distance measuring module is a measuring module, which is used to measure the actual distance between the pull rod seat surface of the measured shaft box and the probe; the outer side is an infrared limit module, which controls the stop position of the stepping screw module by adjusting the distance between the infrared limit module and the limit device.

[0014] Furthermore, the ejector rod positioning mechanism includes a cylinder, a linear guide rail, a crossbeam, an ejector rod, a dial indicator and an adjustment guide rail;

[0015] The crossbeam is arranged on the two linear guide rails and is perpendicular to the linear guide rails. Push rods are fixedly arranged on both sides of the crossbeam. An adjustment rail is arranged below the crossbeam and is perpendicular to the straight line where the linear guide rails are located. The cylinder is arranged on a bottom plate between the two linear guide rails.

[0016] Furthermore, a dial indicator is installed on the counterweight block on the adjustment guide rail for adjusting the length of the two ejector rods so that the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck is positioned at the center of the measuring device.

[0017] Further, the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck comprises a pneumatic three-jaw chuck, a rotating shaft, and a thrust ball bearing locking nut;

[0018] The lower end of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft passes through the base plate. The outer walls of the rotating shaft on both sides of the base plate are respectively sleeved with thrust ball bearings, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the base plate through a locking nut.

[0019] Furthermore, the laser limit distance measurement module includes a measuring module, an infrared limit module, a probe bracket, a lead screw linear guide rail and a limit seat;

[0020] A lead screw linear guide rail parallel to the adjusting guide rail is arranged above the adjusting guide rail, and two ends of the probe bracket are slidably connected to the lead screw linear guide rail and the adjusting guide rail respectively;

[0021] A measuring module is arranged above the probe bracket, an infrared limit module is arranged below the probe bracket, and a middle part of the probe bracket is connected to a stepping screw module.

[0022] Furthermore, the limit seat is arranged under the adjustment guide rail and at the rear side of the probe bracket to limit the movement of the stepper motor.

[0023] Furthermore, the measuring module is a distance measuring laser probe, and the infrared limiting module is a limiting laser probe.

[0024] Furthermore, the stepping screw module includes a screw and a stepping motor, and the stepping motor rotates the screw to push the probe bracket close to the pull rod seat surface of the measured shaft box.

[0025] Furthermore, the measuring device also includes a control console for controlling the movements of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck, the positioning ejector rod, and the stepping motor and displaying the measuring data.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] The axle box tie rod seat size measuring device of the present invention can accurately and efficiently measure the axle box tie rod seat size.

[0028] The present invention provides a pneumatic ejector device to effectively prevent the spring disk of the shaft box from being damaged during the positioning and clamping process; provides a rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck structure to facilitate rapid positioning of the axis of the inner hole of the shaft box during measurement; provides a dual laser probe configuration for measurement and limit, which can achieve rapid positioning and distance measurement and eliminate errors caused by manual measurement; and provides an adjustment guide rail to ensure the linear movement of the laser probes on both sides and provide a reference for adjusting the ejector crossbar movement guide rail and the ejector length.

[0029] By developing a device for measuring the size of the axle box tie rod seat of the Harmony model, the size of the axle box tie rod seat with a large distance between the force line of the axle box tie rod seat and the center line of the inner hole of the axle box, such as the HXD3B locomotive, can be effectively and quickly measured, thereby improving measurement efficiency, reducing labor intensity, improving the assembly quality of the locomotive running gear, and ensuring driving safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axle box of the HXD3B locomotive.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push rod positioning mechanism in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser position limiting ranging module in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a layout diagram of the console operating table panel in the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. push rod positioning mechanism; 11. cylinder; 12. linear guide; 13. crossbeam; 14. push rod; 15. dial indicator; 16. adjustment guide; 2. rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck; 21. pneumatic three-jaw chuck; 22. rotating shaft; 23. thrust ball bearing; 24. locking nut; 3. laser limit ranging module; 31. measuring module; 32. lead screw linear guide; 33 probe bracket; 34. infrared limit module; 35. limit seat; 4. stepping screw module; 41. lead screw; 42. stepping motor; 5. bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0041] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a measuring device for the drawbar seat of the axle box of a Harmony locomotive, which is composed of a push rod positioning mechanism 1, a rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck 2, a laser limit distance measurement module 3, a stepping screw module 4 and a bottom plate 5. A high-precision linear guide 12 is installed at the bottom of the push rod positioning mechanism 1, which can make the push rod positioning mechanism 1 move linearly along the Y-axis direction. It is perpendicular to the X-axis where the stepping screw module 4 moves, and together constitutes a reference rectangular coordinate system of the measurement system, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result.

[0042] The rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck 2 has a thrust ball bearing 23 at the bottom that can withstand axial force, which can ensure the free rotation of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21. The pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21 uses pneumatic control to prevent manual clamping from damaging the positioning accuracy of the system.

[0043] The laser limit distance measuring module 3 is equipped with two infrared distance measuring modules. The inner side is the measuring module 31, which is used to measure the actual distance between the pull rod seat surface of the measured shaft box and the probe. The outer side is the infrared limit module 34, which controls the stop position of the stepping screw 41 by adjusting the distance between it and the limit seat 35 to ensure the accuracy of the measurement.

[0044] The push rod positioning mechanism 1 is composed of a cylinder 11, a linear guide rail 12, a crossbeam 13 and a push rod 14. The linear guide rail 12 and the adjustment guide rail 16 where the crossbeam 13 and the push rod 14 are located are perpendicular. The adjustment guide rail 16 is equipped with a slider and a dial indicator 15 is installed to adjust the length of the two push rods 14 to ensure that the center line of the inner hole of the shaft box body and the center line of the measuring device coincide.

[0045] The installation position of the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck 2 is composed of the cylinder 11, the push rod linear guide 12, the positioning push rod 14 and the adjustment guide 16. While the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21 can be accurately positioned at the center of the inner hole of the axle box, it can also rotate freely on the axis, creating conditions for accurate positioning during measurement.

[0046] The lower end of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 22, and the other end of the rotating shaft 22 passes through the base plate 5. The outer walls of the rotating shaft 22 on both sides of the base plate 5 are respectively sleeved with thrust ball bearings 23, and the rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the base plate 5 by a locking nut 24.

[0047] The laser limit distance measurement module 3 is composed of a measuring module 31 (for a distance measurement laser probe), an infrared limit module (34 for a limit laser probe), a lead screw linear guide 32, a probe bracket 33 and a limit seat 35. After receiving a start signal, the stepper motor 42 rotates the lead screw 41 to push the probe bracket 33 with the distance measurement laser probe and the limit laser probe close to the measured shaft box body tie rod seat surface. After reaching the distance set by the limit laser probe, a stop signal is sent to the stepper motor 42, and the system stops moving. At this time, the reading of the distance measurement laser probe is the relative size of the measured shaft box body tie rod seat surface.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] The system alignment process of this device includes:

[0050] 1) When assembling the device, ensure that the linear guide rail 12 of the mandrel where the crossbeam 13 is located is perpendicular to the linear guide rail 32 of the lead screw, install the slider on the adjustment rail 16 and equip it with a dial indicator 15, and adjust the mandrel 14 so that the height difference between the two mandrels 14 is less than 0.01;

[0051] 2) Select a shaft box whose tie rod seat dimensions have been measured using three coordinates, install it on the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21, turn the control handle reversing valve of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck on the console to the "clamp" position, clamp the shaft box, and rotate the measured shaft box in a small range by hand to ensure that it rotates flexibly;

[0052] 3) On the console operation panel, turn the positioning push rod control handle reversing valve to the "forward" position, and the cylinder 11 pushes the crossbeam 13 forward, so that the two push rods 14 press against the spring disks on both sides of the shaft box;

[0053] 4) On the console operation panel, adjust the mode to the "debugging" gear, click the "forward" button to make the stepper motor 42 drive the screw 41 to rotate, push the probe bracket 33 forward, and observe the reading on the ranging laser probe. When the reading is the same as the reading measured by the three-coordinate measuring instrument on the measured shaft box, the decimal place is the same (if the reading is too small due to excessive movement, use the back key to adjust it), click the "zero" button below the limit laser probe display screen to return the limit laser probe display screen to zero and complete the system alignment operation.

[0054] Axle box tie rod seat size measurement process:

[0055] 1) Install the measured shaft box onto the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21, turn the pneumatic three-jaw chuck control handle reversing valve to the "clamp" position on the console operation panel, clamp the shaft box, and rotate the measured shaft box in a small range by hand to ensure that it rotates flexibly;

[0056] 2) On the console operation panel, turn the positioning push rod control handle reversing valve to the "forward" position, and the cylinder 11 pushes the crossbeam 13 forward, so that the two push rods 14 press against the spring disks on both sides of the shaft box;

[0057] 3) On the console operation panel, set the mode to "measurement" and press the "forward" button to make the stepper motor 42 drive the lead screw 41 to rotate, push the probe bracket 33 forward, and read the distance measuring laser probe reading, which is the relative reading of the measured shaft box rod seat surface relative to the "0" value;

[0058] 4) Press the "Back" button on the console operation panel to make the stepper motor 42 drive the lead screw 41 to rotate, pull the probe bracket 33 back, and wait for the system to emit a "beep" buzzer and stop moving, then reset the measurement system, and then turn the positioning push rod control handle reversing valve to the rear "retreat" position, turn the three-jaw chuck control handle reversing valve to the "release" position, the system is reset, and the measurement is completed.

[0059] This device is a measuring tool, and its systematic error needs to be controlled to affect the measurement results. This systematic error mainly comes from four aspects: coaxiality of the three-jaw chuck, length difference of the ejector rod, and error of the measurement and limit laser probe. Therefore, during the processing and assembly process, the accumulated error of these four parts cannot exceed 0.05mm, and each component must ensure the following accuracy:

[0060] Serial number Control Point Control volume Control accuracy 1 Three-jaw chuck Three-jaw chuck coaxiality <0.005 2 mandrel Ejector length difference <0.04 3 Measuring laser probe Probe accuracy <0.001 4 Limit laser probe Probe accuracy <0.001

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for the tie rod seat of axle box of a Harmony locomotive, characterized in that: It comprises a push rod positioning mechanism (1) arranged on a base plate (5), a rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck (2), a laser limit distance measurement module (3), and a stepping screw module (4); A linear guide rail (12) is installed at the bottom of the push rod positioning mechanism (1), so that the push rod positioning mechanism (1) can move linearly along the Y-axis direction. The push rod positioning mechanism (1) is perpendicular to the X-axis where the stepping screw module (4) moves, so that the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck (2) can be accurately positioned at the center of the inner hole of the axle box; A thrust ball bearing (23) is installed at the bottom of the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck (2) to ensure that the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (21) can rotate freely; The laser limit distance measuring module (3) comprises two infrared distance measuring modules, wherein the inner side of the laser limit distance measuring module (3) is a measuring module (31) for measuring the actual distance between the pull rod seat surface of the measured shaft box and the probe; and the outer side is an infrared limit module (34) for controlling the stop position of the stepping screw module (4) by adjusting the distance between the infrared limit module (34) and the limit device.

2. The measuring device for the axle box tie rod seat of a Harmony locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod positioning mechanism (1) comprises a cylinder (11), a linear guide rail (12), a crossbeam (13), a push rod (14), a dial indicator (15) and an adjustment guide rail (16); The crossbeam (13) is arranged on the two linear guide rails (12) and is perpendicular to the linear guide rails (12); push rods (14) are fixedly arranged on both sides of the crossbeam (13); an adjustment guide rail (16) is arranged below the crossbeam (13) and the adjustment guide rail (16) is perpendicular to the straight line where the linear guide rails (12) are located; and the cylinder (11) is arranged on a bottom plate (5) between the two linear guide rails (12).

3. The measuring device for the axle box tie rod seat of the Harmony type locomotive according to claim 2, characterized in that: A dial indicator (15) is installed on the counterweight block on the adjustment guide rail (16) for adjusting the length of the two push rods (14) so ​​that the rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck (2) is positioned at the center of the measuring device.

4. The measuring device for the axle box tie rod seat of a Harmony type locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotatable pneumatic three-jaw chuck (2) comprises a pneumatic three-jaw chuck (21), a rotating shaft (22), a thrust ball bearing (23) and a locking nut (24); The lower end of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (21) is connected to one end of a rotating shaft (22), the other end of the rotating shaft (22) passes through the base plate (5), and thrust ball bearings (23) are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the rotating shaft (22) on both sides of the base plate (5), and the rotating shaft (22) is fixedly connected to the base plate (5) via a locking nut (24).

5. The measuring device for the axle box tie rod seat of the Harmony type locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser position limiting distance measuring module (3) comprises a measuring module (31), an infrared position limiting module (34), a probe bracket (33), a lead screw linear guide rail (32) and a position limiting seat (35); A lead screw linear guide rail (32) parallel to the adjusting guide rail (16) is arranged above the adjusting guide rail (16), and two ends of the probe bracket (33) are slidably connected to the lead screw linear guide rail (32) and the adjusting guide rail (16) respectively; A measuring module (31) is arranged above the probe bracket (33), an infrared limit module (34) is arranged below the probe bracket (33), and the middle part of the probe bracket (33) is connected to the stepping screw module (4).

6. The measuring device for the axle box tie rod seat of the Harmony type locomotive according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limit seat (35) is arranged below the adjustment guide rail (16) and at the rear side of the probe bracket (33) and is used to limit the movement of the stepping motor (42).

7. The measuring device for the axle box tie rod seat of the Harmony type locomotive according to claim 5, characterized in that: The measuring module (31) is a distance measuring laser probe, and the infrared limiting module (34) is a limiting laser probe.

8. The measuring device for the axle box tie rod seat of a Harmony type locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepping screw module (4) comprises a screw (41) and a stepping motor (42), and the stepping motor (42) rotates the screw (41) to push the probe bracket (33) close to the pull rod seat surface of the measured shaft box.

9. The measuring device for the axle box tie rod seat of a Harmony type locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring device also includes a control console for controlling the actions of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (21), the positioning ejector rod (14), and the stepping motor (42) and for displaying measurement data.

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