Method for measuring radial moving amount of tapered roller bearing retainer

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring the radial moving amount of a tapered roller bearing retainer, and the method comprises the steps: horizontally placing a measured bearing on a platform, fixing an inner ring and a roller, enabling the retainer to move to a limit position in a reciprocating manner in the radial direction, and obtaining the indicating value variation of a measuring meter; after the retainer moves to a limit position on one side, respectively measuring height values of outer diameters on two radial sides of the end surface of the small end of the retainer by using a measuring tool, and obtaining an error generated by inclination of the retainer and an error generated by axial displacement of the retainer by combining a formula based on the measured values; the same method is adopted to obtain errors generated by inclination of the retainer and errors generated by axial displacement of the retainer when the retainer reaches the limiting position on the other side; compared with a traditional measuring method, the method is more scientific and reasonable, errors generated by inclination and axial displacement are eliminated, the real and accurate radial moving amount of the tapered roller bearing retainer is obtained, and therefore misjudgment is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of measuring tapered roller bearings, in particular to a method for measuring the radial play of a tapered roller bearing cage. Background Art

[0002] The cage is one of the important parts of the bearing, and its various technical indicators affect the overall performance of the bearing. The radial play of the cage is an important indicator of the internal structure of the bearing. For tapered roller bearings, the radial play of the cage has a great influence on the rotation accuracy, vibration, noise and life of the bearing. Therefore, it is very necessary to control and measure the radial play of the tapered roller bearing cage.

[0003] At present, the commonly used method for measuring the radial play of the cage is to fix the rollers and inner ring after the inner ring, rollers and cage are assembled together, place the measuring instrument in the middle of the cage beam width, and then move the cage back and forth in the diameter direction to the limit position. The change of the measuring instrument is the radial play of the cage. This measurement method can meet the measurement of the radial play of most bearing cages, but for some tapered roller bearings with special structures, using this method to measure the play of the cage will produce a large error. After the rolling element and inner ring of the tapered roller bearing are assembled together, the rolling element is tilted, and its end face has a certain inclination angle with the horizontal direction. Therefore, when the cage is moved back and forth in the diameter direction, the cage is affected by the end face of the rolling element, which will produce axial displacement and tilt in the horizontal direction. These factors will affect the accuracy of the measurement results. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the radial play of a tapered roller bearing cage.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for measuring the radial play of a tapered roller bearing cage, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the tapered roller bearing to be measured horizontally on the platform, fix the inner ring and roller of the bearing, place the measuring gauge in the middle of the cage beam width, move the cage back and forth along the radial direction of the measurement to the limit position, and obtain the change in the indication of the measuring gauge Δ; S2. After radially moving the cage to the limit position on one side, use a measuring tool to measure the heights h1 and h2 of the outer diameters of the small end face of the cage on both sides of the radial direction. Based on the above measured values, the error δ1 caused by the tilt of the cage and the error δ2 caused by the axial displacement of the cage are obtained in combination with the formula; S3. After radially moving the cage to the limit position on the other side, use a measuring tool to measure the heights h3 and h4 of the outer diameters of the small end face of the cage on both sides of the radial direction, and use the formula to obtain the error δ3 caused by the cage tilt and the error δ4 caused by the cage axial displacement; S4. Based on the parameter values ​​obtained in the above steps, combined with the formula: ε=Δ-δ1-δ2-δ3-δ4, and the radial play ε of the tapered roller bearing cage is obtained. As a preferred solution, in step S2, the formula used is: δ2=(h-h1)tanθ. As a preferred solution, in step S3, the formula used is: δ3=(h3-H)(tan(θ+arcsin((h3-h4) / D))-tanθ); In the above formula: H is the height of the measuring table from the platform, h is the height of the small end face of the cage in the free state, D is the outer diameter of the small end of the cage, and θ is the angle of the cage beam. The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0006] Based on the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for measuring the radial play of a tapered roller bearing cage. By optimizing the measuring steps, the measured bearing is placed horizontally on a platform, the inner ring and the roller are fixed, and the measuring gauge is placed in the middle of the cage beam width. The cage is moved back and forth in the radial direction to the extreme position to obtain the change of the measuring instrument. The parameter values ​​obtained during the movement of the cage along the extreme positions on both sides are combined, and the error caused by the cage inclination and the error caused by the cage axial displacement are calculated. Then, the errors caused by the cage axial displacement and horizontal inclination are analyzed and eliminated, and finally an accurate and true cage radial play is obtained, so that the above-mentioned accurate radial play is applied to the design of tapered roller bearings to improve the rotation accuracy and service life of such bearings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0008] Figure 1It is an overall schematic diagram of the inner components of the tested tapered roller bearing according to the present invention;

[0009] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of various parameters of the middle cage;

[0010] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the tested retainer of the present invention in the left limit state;

[0011] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the tested retainer of the present invention in the right limit state;

[0012] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention when the tested cage is in the left limit state without considering the radial play;

[0013] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention when the tested retainer is in the right limit state without considering the radial play. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures and features in one embodiment may also be beneficially combined in other embodiments.

[0015] It should be noted that: unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the invention belongs; the words "one", "an" or "the" and the like used in the patent application specification and claims of the present invention do not express quantity limitations, but indicate the existence of at least one; the words "include" or "comprise" and the like indicate that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprise" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects with the same function;

[0016] In order to more clearly describe the specific measurement process of the radial play of a tapered roller bearing cage, Figure 1-6 Describe this embodiment in detail: Combined with the theoretical drawings of the tested tapered roller bearing, the theoretical values ​​of the following parameters are determined: the angle θ of the cage beam, the outer diameter D of the cage small end face, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 . Place the tapered roller bearing to be tested horizontally on the platform so that it is in a free state. Place the measuring gauge 4 in the middle of the beam width of the cage 3, at a height H from the platform. Use a caliper or other tool to measure the height h of the small end face of the cage in the free state. Figure 1 and Figure 2; Then, after fixing the bearing inner ring 1 and the roller 2, the cage 3 is reciprocated along the radial direction where the measurement is located, and the change in the indicated value Δ of the measuring table is read; After radially moving the cage to the extreme position on one side, use a caliper or other measuring tool to measure the heights h1 and h2 of the radial outer diameters on both sides of the small end face of the cage; at this time, the error caused by the tilt of the cage The error caused by the axial displacement of the cage is δ2 = (h-h1)tanθ; After radially moving the cage to the extreme position on the other side, use a caliper or other measuring tool to measure the heights h3 and h4 of the radial outer diameters on both sides of the small end face of the cage. At this time, the error δ3 caused by the tilt of the cage is calculated as follows: δ3=(h3-H)(tan(θ+arcsin((h3-h4) / D))-tanθ), error caused by axial displacement of cage In summary, after eliminating the error caused by the cage tilt and axial movement by measuring the table variation Δ, the cage radial movement ε can be obtained, that is, ε=Δ-δ1-δ2-δ3-δ4, that is

[0017] The following will describe in detail the formula derivation process of the cage radial movement ε with reference to the accompanying drawings: (I) Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 , analyze the cage in the left limit state: Figure 3 In the figure, when the cage is at the left limit position, h1 is the height of the right end of the cage's small end surface, h2 is the height of the left end of the cage's small end surface, and α is the cage's inclination angle. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the inclination angle of the cage can be analyzed as: α=arcsin((h2-h1) / D) (1) In order to more intuitively analyze the error when the cage is in the left limit position, radial play is temporarily not considered. Figure 5 Since there is no radial play, the cage can be considered to have only tilt and axial displacement: the left end point is raised from point R to point E, and the right end point is lowered from point A to point B, the tilt angle is α, and the contact point of the measuring table moves from point O to point K; then OK is the error caused by the tilt and axial displacement of the cage. Figure 5In the equation, draw a perpendicular line through point B, intersecting AM at point C and OK at point P; draw a perpendicular line through point E, intersecting CM at point F; draw a line parallel to AO through point C, intersecting OK at point G; draw a line parallel to AO through point B, intersecting OK at point Q; then ∠KBQ is the inclination angle of the cage, which is equal to α; then ∠PCG and ∠PBQ are the angles of the cage beam, which are equal to θ. Since the radial movement of the cage is not considered, RF = AC. The sum of KQ and GO is the error δ1 caused by the tilt of the cage, and QG is the error δ2 caused by the axial movement of the cage. Quadrilateral ACGO is a parallelogram, so GO = AC. Since AR = AC + RF + CF = D, BE = EM + BM = D, CF = FM + CM, FM = EMcosα, CM = BMcosα, then Substituting into formula (1) In △PBQ, PQ=BPtanθ, in △PBK, PK=BPtan(θ-α), then KQ=PQ-PK=BP(tanθ-tan(θ-α)), where BP=h1-H. Substituting equation (1), we get: KQ=(h1-H) (tanθ-tan(θ-arcsin((h2-h1) / D))) (3) The error δ1 = KQ + GO caused by the tilt of the cage can be obtained by substituting equations (2) and (3) into: In △PCG, PG=PCtanθ. Since QG=PG-PQ, PC=hH, the error δ2 caused by the axial movement of the cage is =QG, then δ2=(h-h1)tanθ. (5) (II) Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 , analyze the cage is in the right limit state: Figure 4 In the figure, when the cage is at the left limit position, h3 is the height of the right end of the cage's small end face, h4 is the height of the left end of the cage's small end face, and β is the cage's inclination angle. Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the inclination angle of the cage can be analyzed as: β=arcsin((h3-h4) / D) (6) In order to more intuitively analyze the error when the cage is in the right limit position, radial play is temporarily not considered. Figure 6Since there is no radial play, the cage can be considered to have only tilt and axial displacement: the left end point drops from point R' to point E', and the right end point rises from point A' to point B'. The tilt angle is β, and the contact point of the measuring table moves from point K' to point O'. Then O'K' is the error of the cage caused by tilt and axial displacement. Figure 6 In the equation, draw a perpendicular line through point B', intersecting A'M' at point C' and O'K' at point P'; draw a perpendicular line through point E', intersecting A'M' at point F'; draw a line parallel to A'K' through point C', intersecting O'K' at point Q'; draw a line parallel to A'K' through point B', intersecting O'K' at point G'. Then ∠G'B'O' is the inclination angle of the cage, which is equal to β. Then ∠P'C'Q' and ∠P'B'G' are the angles of the cage beam, which are equal to θ. Since the radial play of the cage is not considered, R'F'=A'C'. Where G'O' is the error δ3 caused by the tilt of the cage, and K'G' is the error δ4 caused by the axial movement of the cage. In △P'B'O', P'O'=B'P'tan(θ+β). In △P'B'G', P'G'=B'P'tanθ. Then G'O'=P'O'-P'G'=B'P'(tan(θ+β)-tanθ), where B'P'=h3-H, and the error δ3 caused by the tilt of the cage is δ3=G'O'. Substituting equation (6) into the equation, the error δ3 caused by the tilt of the cage is: δ3=(h3-H) (tan(θ+arcsin((h3-h4) / D))-tanθ) (7) Quadrilateral A'C'Q'K' is a parallelogram, then Q'K'=A'C'. Since A'R'=A'C'+R'F'+C'F'=D, B'E'=E'M'+B'M'=D, C'F'=F'M'+C'M', F'M'=E'M'cosβ, C'M'=B'M'cosβ, then Substituting formula (6) into In △P'C'Q', P'Q'=C'P'tanθ; in △P'B'G', P'G'=B'P'tanθ. Q'G'=P'G'-P'Q'=(B'P'-C'P')tanθ=B'C'tanθ=(h3-h)tanθ (9) K'G'=Q'G'-Q'K', δ4=K'G', and the error δ4 caused by the axial movement of the cage can be obtained by substituting into equations (8) and (9): After eliminating the error caused by the cage tilt and axial movement from the measured table movement Δ, the cage radial movement ε can be obtained, that is, ε = Δ-δ1-δ2-δ3-δ4. Substituting it into the above formulas (4), (5), (7) and (10), it can be simplified to obtain:

[0018] Based on the technical solution defined above, in order to more clearly describe the technical effect achieved, a proportional analysis is performed as follows: Taking a certain type of tapered roller bearing as an example, its parameters are as follows: D = 300mm, H = 20mm, h1 = h4 = 100mm, h2 = h3 = 100.06mm, θ = 15°; The radial play obtained by conventional measurement method is 0.237 mm; The measuring steps of the present invention are as follows: Step 1: First, place the tapered roller bearing to be measured on the platform, fix the inner ring and roller of the bearing, and move the cage back and forth along the radial direction of the measurement to the limit position, and obtain the change in the indicated value of the measuring table Δ of 0.237mm; Step 2: In the process of radially moving the cage to the limit positions on both sides, obtain the height parameter values ​​of the radial outer diameters of the small end faces of the cage, and calculate the total error caused by the axial displacement and horizontal tilt of the cage based on the above parameter values ​​and the formula, which is 0.05037 mm; Step 3: After eliminating the error, the actual radial play of the cage is 0.186 mm.

[0019] It can be seen from the above comparative examples that the measuring method of the present invention is more scientific and reasonable than the traditional measuring method, and eliminates the errors caused by the tilt and axial displacement, and obtains the true and accurate radial play of the tapered roller bearing cage, thereby avoiding misjudgment.

[0020] The parts not described in detail in the above embodiments are prior art.

[0021] It should be noted that although the present invention is described by the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it is obvious that those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and deformations to the present invention, but these changes and deformations should all fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the radial play of a tapered roller bearing cage, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Place the tapered roller bearing to be measured horizontally on the platform, fix the inner ring and roller of the bearing, place the measuring gauge in the middle of the cage beam width, move the cage back and forth along the radial direction of the measurement to the limit position, and obtain the change in the indication of the measuring gauge Δ; S2. After radially moving the cage to the limit position on one side, use a measuring tool to measure the heights h1 and h2 of the outer diameters of the small end face of the cage on both sides of the radial direction. Based on the above measured values, the error δ1 caused by the tilt of the cage and the error δ2 caused by the axial displacement of the cage are obtained in combination with the formula; S3. After radially moving the cage to the limit position on the other side, use a measuring tool to measure the heights h3 and h4 of the outer diameters of the small end face of the cage on both sides of the radial direction, and use the formula to obtain the error δ3 caused by the cage tilt and the error δ4 caused by the cage axial displacement; S4. Based on the parameter values ​​obtained in the above steps, combined with the formula: ε=Δ-δ1-δ2-δ3-δ4, and the radial play ε of the tapered roller bearing cage is obtained.

2. The method for measuring radial play of a tapered roller bearing cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the formula used is: δ2=(h-h1)tanθ; Where: H is the height of the measuring table from the platform, h is the height of the small end face of the cage in the free state, D is the outer diameter of the small end of the cage, and θ is the angle of the cage beam.

3. The method for measuring radial play of a tapered roller bearing cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the formula used is: δ3=(h3-H)(tan(θ+arcsin((h3-h4) / D))-tanθ); Where: H is the height of the measuring table from the platform, h is the height of the small end face of the cage in the free state, D is the outer diameter of the small end of the cage, and θ is the angle of the cage beam.

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