Power consumption data acquisition device and method based on wireless radio frequency energy supply and Bluetooth mesh

Abstract

The invention relates to a power utilization data acquisition device and method based on wireless radio frequency energy supply and a Bluetooth mesh. The device comprises a data acquisition interface module which is connected with various electric meters to acquire power utilization data information; the radio frequency energy collection and power supply management module is used for collecting radio frequency energy in the space and converting the radio frequency energy into direct current electric energy for effective storage and management so as to supply power to the device; the Bluetooth mesh network module is used for constructing a reliable data transmission network in a signal weak area and carrying out relay forwarding and convergence on the data acquired by the data acquisition interface module so as to realize reliable communication between heterogeneous networks and improve the data receiving and transmitting efficiency; and the 5G network access module is used for accessing the device to a 5G network, so that the data can be uploaded to a power management platform. Compared with the prior art, the invention realizes the passivity of a large number of devices, can be conveniently deployed, greatly reduces the maintenance cost, and can adapt to various complex environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electricity consumption data collection, and in particular to a self-healing all-terrain electricity consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh. Background Art

[0002] The electricity consumption information collection system is an important foundation for the construction of smart grids. The existing household electricity consumption data collection mostly adopts RS485 serial polling reading. When there are many collection terminals under the same concentrator, it takes a long time, and the warning cannot be reported in time when a power failure occurs. Some collection terminals are set up in scenes with poor signals, such as basements, power wells, underground parking lots, etc. The wireless network coverage is poor, the signal is weak, and the wired network deployment is difficult and costly, resulting in difficulty in reliable transmission of electricity consumption data, inability to complete remote electricity consumption data collection, and easy to cause line loss.

[0003] When renovating old communities, it is difficult to obtain power for collection terminals and communication equipment, and network deployment is difficult, resulting in high renovation costs and long renovation cycles.

[0004] The technical solution disclosed in Chinese patent application CN202111352658.5 uses Bluetooth mesh to collect electricity consumption data. The collection node deployed at the meter end is powered by a lithium battery. This solution has the problem of requiring regular replacement and maintenance of the battery in the later stage. If the maintenance is not timely, the lithium battery will be exhausted, which may easily lead to data loss. At the same time, in a complex environment, the aging of lithium batteries will become a huge safety hazard, which may cause fires and other public safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide an electricity consumption data collection device and method based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] As a first aspect of the present invention, a power consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh is provided, and the collection device comprises:

[0008] The data acquisition interface module is used to read the electricity consumption data of the electric meter and convert the data into serial port data;

[0009] RF energy collection and power management module, used to collect RF energy in space and convert it into DC power for storage and management;

[0010] 5G network access module, used to connect the power consumption data collection device to the operator network;

[0011] Bluetooth mesh network module, including terminal nodes, relay nodes and aggregation nodes;

[0012] The terminal node and the data acquisition interface module and the radio frequency energy collection and power management module that power the two are deployed in the electric meter to be collected, and the power consumption data read by the data acquisition interface module are temporarily stored and forwarded;

[0013] The relay node is equipped with a radio frequency energy collection and power management module, which is used to forward data to terminal nodes that are out of the Bluetooth signal range of the aggregation node and cannot connect to adjacent terminal nodes, ensuring that there is at least one communication link between each terminal node and the aggregation node;

[0014] The aggregation node is integrated with the 5G network access module. The aggregation node is connected to the power management platform through the 5G network access module, and sends the power consumption data collected from each terminal node to the power management platform, and receives instructions issued by the power management platform.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the data acquisition interface module includes an RS485 transceiver chip. The data acquisition interface module is connected to the meter via the RS485 interface of the meter and is connected to the terminal node of the Bluetooth mesh network via the serial port.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the RF energy collection and power management module of the device includes a broadband antenna, an impedance matching network, a charge pump rectifier, a low-voltage charging circuit, a supercapacitor and a power management circuit connected in sequence.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the 5G network access module includes a 5G network communication chip and an antenna connected to the 5G network communication chip, and the 5G network communication chip is respectively connected to the debugging interface and the AC power supply module.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the terminal node adopts a low-power microcontroller running the Bluetooth mesh protocol, uses the Modbus protocol to exchange data with the electric meter through the data acquisition interface module, and temporarily stores the received power consumption data in an independent flash memory; the controller is also responsible for connecting to the Bluetooth mesh network to receive and send mesh data packets.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the terminal node and relay node both have a relay function, which is used to broadcast and relay data packets whose destination address within the radio scanning range is not the unicast / subscription address of their own node and whose TTL value is greater than 1, and reduce the TTL value of the data packet by 1.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, each Bluetooth mesh node of the Bluetooth mesh network module runs the BLE Mesh protocol stack, and different nodes will automatically access the mesh network according to their set roles after startup.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the Bluetooth mesh network module selects a route with optimal power consumption based on a power-controlled Bluetooth mesh routing forwarding mechanism, and controls outer terminal nodes and relay nodes to participate in message forwarding.

[0022] As a second aspect of the present invention, a method for collecting electricity consumption data based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh is provided, wherein the method steps include:

[0023] Deploy the electricity consumption data collection device as described above;

[0024] Each terminal node and relay node in the electrical data acquisition device is in a dormant mode when there is no data transmission;

[0025] When energy collection is required, the power management platform issues a data reading instruction, which is transmitted to the aggregation node through the 5G network access module;

[0026] After receiving the instruction from the power management platform, the aggregation node sends a wake-up command through the BLE protocol to wake up each terminal node and relay node in sleep mode;

[0027] After receiving the wake-up command, each terminal node and relay node runs the BLE mesh protocol to build a data transmission network;

[0028] The aggregation node checks the online status of each terminal node and sends power consumption information collection instructions to each terminal node. At the same time, it sends the information of offline terminal nodes to the power management platform for reporting;

[0029] After receiving the wake-up command, the terminal node communicates with the user's electric meter through the data acquisition interface module, reads the electricity consumption information in the electric meter and stores it in the flash storage module of the terminal node, and sends the electricity consumption data to the aggregation node through the mesh network;

[0030] If the sink node successfully receives the power consumption data, it will return a confirmation message. After receiving the confirmation message, the terminal node deletes this part of the information in the flash memory; if the sink node fails to successfully receive the power consumption data, the terminal node will try to send the power consumption data again until the sink node successfully receives it;

[0031] The aggregation node will send the power consumption data collected from each terminal node to the power management platform through the 5G network access module.

[0032] As a preferred technical solution, the deployment process of the electrical data acquisition device is as follows:

[0033] Deploy a data acquisition interface module, a terminal node of a Bluetooth mesh network module, and a radio frequency energy collection and power management module to power both in each meter to be tested;

[0034] Deploy aggregation nodes and 5G network access modules in places with good outdoor signals and access to the mains and operator networks to enable communication between the power consumption data collection device and the power management platform;

[0035] Run the BLE mesh protocol to test the network connection quality between each terminal node and between the terminal node and the aggregation node, and check whether there are terminal nodes that cannot connect to the aggregation node directly or through forwarding by other terminal nodes. If there are nodes that cannot be connected, deploy relay nodes and RF energy collection and power management modules between the terminal node and its adjacent terminal node or aggregation node to ensure that there is at least one communication link between each terminal node and the aggregation node.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1) The present invention uses a radio frequency energy collection method to provide energy for the collection nodes and relay nodes of the system, and is equipped with a sleep-wake control algorithm. Relying on a low-power microcontroller and a low-power Bluetooth protocol, the present invention uses wireless radio frequency energy supply technology with a reasonable message forwarding strategy to reduce the overall power consumption of the system, so that the terminal nodes and relay nodes do not need an external power supply, can work for a long time without maintenance, realizes the passivity of a large number of devices, can be easily deployed, and greatly reduces the manpower maintenance cost and the risk of data loss;

[0038] 2) The solution of the present invention uses the existing interface of the meter, and there is no need to design and replace a new meter. It uses Bluetooth Mesh network to transmit data, which is convenient and fast to network and more reliable. It can also adapt to a variety of complex environments. In special scenarios, it can ensure stable operation and high-quality data transmission, thereby reducing data collection time. It is also easy to deploy, which can reduce transformation costs and shorten construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the power consumption data acquisition device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the data acquisition interface module;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 5G network access module of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radio frequency energy collection and power management module of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Bluetooth mesh network module of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is an operation flow chart of the power consumption data acquisition device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A self-healing all-terrain electricity consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a data acquisition interface module, a radio frequency energy collection and power management module, a Bluetooth mesh network module (including terminal nodes, aggregation nodes, relay nodes), a 5G network access module and other parts.

[0048] Data collection interface module: connects to the electricity meter that needs to collect electricity consumption data, reads the electricity consumption data transmitted by the electricity meter, and converts the data into serial port data and sends it to the terminal node of Bluetooth mesh.

[0049] RF energy collection and power management module: This module can collect RF energy in space and convert it into DC power for effective storage and management. It is mainly responsible for providing necessary power supply for the data acquisition interface module of the power consumption data acquisition device and the terminal nodes and relay nodes in the Bluetooth mesh network module.

[0050] Bluetooth mesh network module: including terminal nodes, aggregation nodes, and relay nodes, which are used to build a Bluetooth mesh-based communication system to achieve reliable data communication in weak signal areas; terminal nodes are generally deployed in electricity meters, and are mainly responsible for temporarily storing and forwarding data transmitted from the data acquisition interface module to the terminal node; aggregation nodes are generally deployed in locations with good outdoor wireless signal quality, and can connect to any terminal nodes and relay nodes within their Bluetooth signal range. They are mainly responsible for collecting user power consumption information forwarded by each data acquisition interface module through terminal nodes and relay nodes and storing and summarizing them; relay nodes are used to forward data from terminal nodes that are outside the Bluetooth signal range of the aggregation node and cannot connect to adjacent terminal nodes for data forwarding, ensuring that there is at least one communication link between each terminal node and the aggregation node.

[0051] 5G network access module: used to connect the device to the operator's 5G network, enabling data to be uploaded to the power management platform.

[0052] Through the integration of Bluetooth mesh network modules, 5G network access modules, and RF energy collection and power management modules, the device can realize the intelligent deployment of communication nodes, and has a certain ability to penetrate walls, realize the long life of wireless communication nodes, improve the efficiency of data collection, and achieve efficient use of communication resources, thereby eliminating the blind drift areas of weak signals in old buildings, underground spaces, inside large buildings, and construction sites, so that power equipment can obtain all-terrain communication capabilities. At the same time, the Bluetooth mesh network module can instantly build a new communication link when the original communication link is blocked, realize self-healing of the routing path, ensure high stability, high efficiency, and high economy of communication, and effectively ensure that the power equipment is 100% online.

[0053] Figure 1 The S1 mark is the deployment structure of the module placed in the electric meter, which includes the data acquisition interface module, the terminal node of the Bluetooth mesh network module, and the RF energy collection and power management module for powering the two. They are placed on the same PCB board and set in the electric meter that needs to collect data.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the data acquisition interface module is connected to the meter by accessing the RS485 interface reserved by the meter, and connected to the Bluetooth mesh terminal node through the serial port. Its core is the RS485 transceiver chip.

[0055] The core of the terminal node is a low-power microcontroller that can run the Bluetooth mesh protocol. It uses the Modbus protocol to exchange data with the electricity meter through the data acquisition interface module, and temporarily stores the received power consumption data in an independent flash memory. The controller is also responsible for connecting to the Bluetooth mesh network and has the function of receiving and sending mesh data packets. Through a reasonable power consumption control algorithm and sleep wake-up mechanism, it can achieve time-sharing online operation using only the power provided by the RF energy collection and power management module.

[0056] Figure 1 S2 is the deployment structure of the relay node. The relay node is also equipped with a radio frequency energy collection and power management module, and can be installed in any environment where the radio frequency signal is strong, providing an effective data transmission path for terminal nodes that are difficult to connect to other nodes; it is used to expand the coverage of the network and increase the stability of network transmission.

[0057] Figure 1S3 is the deployment structure of the communication module placed outdoors. The aggregation node of the device is integrated with the 5G network access module. Both need to be kept online in real time and the wireless transmission power is relatively large, so a separate power supply that can be connected to the mains is provided for power supply. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the 5G network access module includes a 5G network communication chip and an antenna connected to the 5G network communication chip. The 5G network access module is connected to the debugging interface and the mains power supply module respectively. The aggregation node is connected to the power management platform through the 5G network access module, and sends the power consumption information collected from each terminal node to the power management platform, and receives the instructions issued by the power management platform.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, the RF energy collection and power management module of the device includes a broadband antenna, an impedance matching network, a charge pump rectifier, a low-voltage charging circuit, a super capacitor and a power management circuit connected in sequence. The energy provided by the RF energy collection and power management module of the device is actually unable to meet the all-weather online operation of the device. The device is in sleep mode most of the time. At the same time, the RF energy collection and power management module collects and stores energy. When the power management platform sends an information acquisition instruction to the aggregation node, the aggregation node activates each node through the Bluetooth mesh network to obtain and forward the power consumption data. When the power consumption information is obtained, the device will enter a dormant state again, waiting for the next round of instructions.

[0059] Both the terminal node and the relay node have a relay function, which is used to broadcast and relay data packets whose destination addresses within the radio scanning range are not the unicast / subscription addresses of their own nodes and whose TTL values ​​are greater than 1, and reduce the TTL value of the data packet by 1.

[0060] Each Bluetooth mesh node runs the BLE Mesh protocol stack. After starting up, different nodes will automatically connect to the mesh network with their set roles. The structure of the Bluetooth mesh network is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0061] This device uses a Bluetooth mesh routing forwarding mechanism based on power control. By adjusting the power, the outer nodes are controlled to participate in message forwarding, reducing the number of useless forwarded messages, thereby reducing the energy consumed by the Bluetooth mesh communication network.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] As a second aspect of the present invention, this embodiment further provides a method for deploying and operating the device described in the above embodiment. The device of the present invention needs to be connected to the user's electric meter and power management platform. The device needs to be deployed as follows before operation:

[0064] S1 is deployed in the electricity meter, and one electricity meter corresponds to one S1.

[0065] Deploy S3 in places with good outdoor signals and access to the mains and operator networks to achieve communication with the power management platform.

[0066] Run the BLE mesh protocol to test the network connection quality between each terminal node and between the terminal node and the aggregation node, and check whether there are terminal nodes that cannot connect to the aggregation node directly or through forwarding by other terminal nodes. If there are nodes that cannot be connected, it is necessary to deploy S2 between the terminal node and its adjacent terminal node or aggregation node to ensure that there is at least one communication link between each terminal node and the aggregation node.

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the device operation process after deployment is as follows:

[0068] All RF energy collection and power management modules deployed in the device will continuously collect spatial RF energy around the clock and convert it into DC power for effective storage and management, so as to provide the necessary power for subsequent data collection and transmission.

[0069] Each terminal node and relay node in the device is in sleep mode when there is no data transmission, which reduces a lot of energy consumption; the radio frequency energy collected by the radio frequency energy collection and power management module can not only provide the power required for the sleep mode but also continuously store a part of the energy.

[0070] At the time when energy collection is required (24:00 every day), the power management platform will issue a data reading instruction, which will be transmitted to the aggregation node through the 5G network access module.

[0071] After receiving the instruction from the power management platform, the aggregation node sends a wake-up command through the BLE protocol to wake up each terminal node and relay node in sleep mode.

[0072] At this point, the RF energy collection and power management module has collected enough energy to provide the terminal nodes and relay nodes with enough power to run at full speed.

[0073] After being awakened, each terminal node and relay node runs the BLE mesh protocol to build a data transmission network.

[0074] The aggregation node checks the online status of each terminal node and sends power consumption information collection instructions to each terminal node; at the same time, it sends the information of offline terminal nodes to the power management platform for reporting.

[0075] After receiving the instruction, the terminal node communicates with the user's electricity meter through the data acquisition interface module, reads the electricity usage information in the meter and stores it in the flash storage module of the terminal node, and sends this data to the aggregation node through the mesh network; if the aggregation node successfully receives the data, it will return a confirmation message, and the terminal node will delete this information in the flash memory after receiving the confirmation message; if the aggregation node fails to receive it successfully, the terminal node cannot receive the confirmation message, and the terminal node will try to send it again until it is successfully received.

[0076] The data packets sent by the terminal nodes are stored and forwarded through the Bluetooth mesh routing forwarding mechanism based on power control, which selects the route with the best power consumption and reduces electricity consumption.

[0077] The aggregation node will send the power consumption data collected from each terminal node to the power management platform through the 5G network access module.

[0078] The whole process lasts about 5 minutes. After the data transmission is completed, each terminal node and relay node continues to enter the sleep state, waiting for the next data collection instruction.

[0079] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A power consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh, characterized in that: The collection device comprises: Data acquisition interface module, used to access and read electricity consumption data of various meters; RF energy collection and power management module, used to collect RF energy in space and convert it into DC power for storage and management to power the device; 5G network access module, used to connect the power consumption data collection device to the operator network; Bluetooth mesh network module, including terminal nodes, relay nodes and aggregation nodes; The terminal node and the data acquisition interface module and the radio frequency energy collection and power management module that power the two are deployed in the electric meter to be collected, and the power consumption data read by the data acquisition interface module are temporarily stored and forwarded; The relay node is equipped with a radio frequency energy collection and power management module, which is used to forward data to terminal nodes that are out of the Bluetooth signal range of the aggregation node and cannot connect to adjacent terminal nodes, ensuring that there is at least one communication link between each terminal node and the aggregation node; The aggregation node is integrated with the 5G network access module. The aggregation node is connected to the power management platform through the 5G network access module, and sends the power consumption data collected from each terminal node to the power management platform, and receives instructions issued by the power management platform.

2. According to claim 1, a power consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh is characterized in that: The data acquisition interface module includes an RS485 transceiver chip. The data acquisition interface module is connected to the meter via the RS485 interface of the meter and is connected to the terminal node of the Bluetooth mesh network via the serial port.

3. According to claim 1, a power consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh is characterized in that: The radio frequency energy collection and power management module of the device comprises a broadband antenna, an impedance matching network, a charge pump rectifier, a low voltage charging circuit, a super capacitor and a power management circuit which are connected in sequence.

4. According to claim 1, a power consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh is characterized in that: The 5G network access module includes a 5G network communication chip and an antenna connected to the 5G network communication chip, and the 5G network communication chip is respectively connected to a debugging interface and a mains power supply module.

5. The power consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The terminal node adopts a low-power microcontroller running the Bluetooth mesh protocol, uses the Modbus protocol to exchange data with the electric meter through the data acquisition interface module, and temporarily stores the received power consumption data in an independent flash memory; the controller is also responsible for connecting to the Bluetooth mesh network to receive and send mesh data packets.

6. The power consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The terminal node and the relay node both have a relay function, which is used to broadcast and relay data packets whose destination addresses within the radio scanning range are not the unicast / subscription addresses of their own nodes and whose TTL values ​​are greater than 1, and reduce the TTL value of the data packets by 1.

7. The power consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each Bluetooth mesh node of the Bluetooth mesh network module runs the BLE Mesh protocol stack, and different nodes will automatically access the mesh network according to their set roles after startup.

8. The power consumption data collection device based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The Bluetooth mesh network module selects a route with optimal power consumption based on a power-controlled Bluetooth mesh routing forwarding mechanism, and controls outer terminal nodes and relay nodes to participate in message forwarding.

9. A method for collecting electricity consumption data based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh, characterized in that: The method steps include: Deploy the power consumption data collection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; Each terminal node and relay node in the electrical data acquisition device is in a dormant mode when there is no data transmission; When energy collection is required, the power management platform issues a data reading instruction, which is transmitted to the aggregation node through the 5G network access module; After receiving the instruction from the power management platform, the aggregation node sends a wake-up command through the BLE protocol to wake up each terminal node and relay node in sleep mode; After receiving the wake-up command, each terminal node and relay node runs the BLE mesh protocol to build a data transmission network; The aggregation node checks the online status of each terminal node and sends power consumption information collection instructions to each terminal node. At the same time, it sends the information of offline terminal nodes to the power management platform for reporting; After receiving the wake-up command, the terminal node communicates with the user's electric meter through the data acquisition interface module, reads the electricity consumption information in the electric meter and stores it in the flash storage module of the terminal node, and sends the electricity consumption data to the aggregation node through the mesh network; If the sink node successfully receives the power consumption data, it will return a confirmation message. After receiving the confirmation message, the terminal node deletes this part of the information in the flash memory; if the sink node fails to successfully receive the power consumption data, the terminal node will try to send the power consumption data again until the sink node successfully receives it; The aggregation node will send the power consumption data collected from each terminal node to the power management platform through the 5G network access module.

10. The method for collecting electricity consumption data based on wireless radio frequency power supply and Bluetooth mesh according to claim 9, characterized in that: The deployment process of the electrical data acquisition device is as follows: Deploy a data acquisition interface module, a terminal node of a Bluetooth mesh network module, and a radio frequency energy collection and power management module to power both in each meter to be tested; Deploy aggregation nodes and 5G network access modules in places with good outdoor signals and access to the city power and operator networks to achieve communication between the power consumption data collection device and the power management platform; Run the BLE mesh protocol to test the network connection quality between each terminal node and between the terminal node and the aggregation node, and check whether there are terminal nodes that cannot connect to the aggregation node directly or through forwarding by other terminal nodes. If there are nodes that cannot be connected, deploy relay nodes and RF energy collection and power management modules between the terminal node and its adjacent terminal node or aggregation node to ensure that there is at least one communication link between each terminal node and the aggregation node.

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