Power distribution circuit of vehicle, power supply and distribution system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a power distribution circuit of a vehicle, a power supply and distribution system and the vehicle. The power distribution circuit comprises a first power distribution branch used for distributing power to an electric load; the second power distribution branch circuit is used for distributing power to the electric load; the first switching circuit is arranged on the first power distribution branch and is used for realizing on-off control of the first power distribution branch; the second switching circuit is arranged on the second power distribution branch and is used for realizing on-off control of the second power distribution branch; the third switch circuit is arranged between the first power distribution branch circuit and the second power distribution branch circuit, and the connection point of the third switch circuit and the first power distribution branch circuit is located between the first switch circuit and the first power distribution end of the first power distribution branch circuit to the electricity load; the connection point of the third switching circuit and the second power distribution branch is located between the second switching circuit and the second power distribution end of the second power distribution branch to the power load, and the third switching circuit is used for achieving on-off control between the first power distribution end and the second power distribution end. According to the invention, normal driving of the vehicle during abnormal power supply can be realized.

Description

Vehicle power distribution circuit, power supply distribution system and vehicle Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a power distribution circuit, a power supply and distribution system, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As the requirements for vehicle electrical and electronic systems become increasingly stringent, they must not only meet availability requirements but also functional safety requirements. For example, if a single point of failure occurs in a vehicle's electrical and electronic system, the system must be able to ensure the vehicle stops safely or continues to operate normally.

[0003] To address this issue, related technologies have proposed using redundant power distribution circuits in vehicles to distribute power to loads. Key loads use dual redundancy. If the primary power supply fails, the redundant power supply can be used to power the vehicle's key loads, allowing the vehicle to stop safely. However, this approach can at least render non-critical loads powered solely by the primary power supply inoperable, hindering normal vehicle operation.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a vehicle power distribution circuit, a power supply distribution system and a vehicle, so as to enable the vehicle to run normally when the power supply is abnormal.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a power distribution circuit for a vehicle. The power distribution circuit includes: a first power distribution branch for distributing power to the vehicle's power load; a second power distribution branch for distributing power to the power load; a first switch circuit, arranged in the first power distribution branch, for controlling the on / off of the first power distribution branch; a second switch circuit, arranged in the second power distribution branch, for controlling the on / off of the second power distribution branch; and a third switch circuit, arranged between the first power distribution branch and the second power distribution branch, wherein the connection point between the third switch circuit and the first power distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first power distribution end of the first power distribution branch to the power load, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the second power distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second power distribution end of the second power distribution branch to the power load, and the third switch circuit is used to control the on / off between the first power distribution end and the second power distribution end.

[0007] The power distribution circuit of the vehicle includes: a first distribution branch and a second distribution branch, which respectively distribute power to the vehicle's power loads, thereby realizing a redundant architecture of the vehicle's power distribution network and improving the reliability of the vehicle's power supply and distribution; the power distribution circuit further includes: a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit, wherein the first switch circuit is arranged in the first distribution branch, and is used to control the on-off of the first distribution branch, and is capable of cutting off the first distribution branch when the power supply to the first distribution branch is abnormal, thereby reducing the impact of the power supply abnormality of the first distribution branch on the power supply to the second distribution branch and the power load, thereby enabling the vehicle to travel normally; the second switch circuit is arranged in the second distribution branch, and is used to control the on-off of the second distribution branch, and is capable of cutting off the second distribution branch when the power supply to the second distribution branch is abnormal, thereby reducing the impact of the power supply abnormality of the second distribution branch on the power supply to the first distribution branch and the power load, thereby enabling the vehicle to travel normally; the power distribution circuit further includes: The third switch circuit is arranged between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the first distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch to the power load, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch to the power load. The third switch circuit is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end. Therefore, the third switch can not only realize the redundant power supply of the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch to the power load, but also ensure that the abnormal shutdown of the first distribution branch or the abnormal shutdown of the second distribution branch will not affect the power distribution of the other distribution branch, and can ensure that the normal distribution branch where the first distribution end or the second distribution end is located supplies power to the power load normally. The third switch circuit is shut down when the first distribution end or the second distribution end is abnormal, which can realize fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch. Therefore, the distribution circuit can realize the normal driving of the vehicle when the power supply is abnormal, and improve its fault resistance.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first switching circuit includes: a first switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a first control signal, and whose two path ends are connected in series in the first distribution branch, and the first switching tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the first distribution branch according to the first control signal.

[0009] The first switching tube is used to implement the first switching circuit. Since the first switching tube has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery compared with relays or mechanical switches, it can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second switching circuit includes: a second switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a second control signal, and whose two path ends are connected in series in the second distribution branch, and the second switching tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the second distribution branch according to the second control signal.

[0011] The second switching circuit is realized by using the second switching tube. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the second switching tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state, which can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the third switching circuit includes: a switch, whose two fixed ends are connected in series between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and whose free end is used to receive a third control signal, and the switch controls the connection and disconnection between the first distribution end and the second distribution end according to the third control signal.

[0013] By using a switch to implement the third switch circuit, bidirectional fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch can be achieved, thereby improving the reliability of the fault decoupling.

[0014] In some embodiments, the third switching circuit includes: a first MOS transistor, whose gate is connected to the fourth control signal and whose drain is connected to the first power distribution branch; a second MOS transistor, whose gate is connected to the fifth control signal, whose source is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and whose drain is connected to the second power distribution branch.

[0015] Compared to traditional relays or mechanical switches, MOS transistors offer advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response, and self-recovery. These transistors can improve the reliability, integration, and intelligence of power distribution circuits. Implementing the third switch circuit using two back-to-back first and second MOS transistors can mitigate the issue of the third switch circuit's bidirectional cutoff reliability being affected by the continued current path formed by the freewheeling diodes of the first and second MOS transistors when they are cut off. Therefore, implementing the third switch circuit using the first and second MOS transistors can improve the reliability of fault decoupling between the first and second power distribution branches.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit further includes: a fourth switch circuit, provided between the first power distribution terminal and the power load, for controlling the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load.

[0017] The first distribution end can supply power to multiple electrical loads. When a certain electrical load is abnormal, the fourth switch circuit set between the first distribution end and the abnormal electrical load can be controlled to be shut down to improve the impact of the abnormal electrical load on the distribution circuit, thereby affecting the power distribution impact of the distribution circuit on other electrical loads. Therefore, the fourth switch circuit can achieve fault decoupling between multiple electrical loads, so that when some electrical loads are abnormal, other electrical loads can still receive power and work normally.

[0018] In some embodiments, the fourth switching circuit includes: a third switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a sixth control signal, and whose two path ends are connected in series between the first distribution end and the power load, and the third switching tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the first distribution end and the power load according to the sixth control signal.

[0019] The fourth switch circuit is realized by using the third switch tube. Since the third switch tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state compared with relays or mechanical switches, it can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit further includes: a fifth switch circuit, provided between the second power distribution terminal and the power load, for controlling the on-off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load.

[0021] The second distribution end can supply power to multiple electrical loads. When a certain electrical load is abnormal, the fifth switch circuit set between the second distribution end and the abnormal electrical load can be controlled to be shut down to improve the influence of the abnormal electrical load on the distribution circuit, thereby affecting the power distribution influence of the distribution circuit on other electrical loads. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve fault decoupling between multiple electrical loads through the fifth switch circuit, so that when some electrical loads are abnormal, other electrical loads can still receive power and work normally.

[0022] In some embodiments, the fifth switching circuit includes: a fourth switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a seventh control signal, and whose two path ends are connected in series between the second distribution end and the power load, and the fourth switching tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the second distribution end and the power load according to the seventh control signal.

[0023] The fifth switch circuit is realized by using the fourth switch tube. Since the fourth switch tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state compared with relays or mechanical switches, it can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

[0024] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit also includes: a fourth switch circuit, which is arranged between the first power distribution end and the power load, and is used to control the on-off between the first power distribution end and the power load; a fifth switch circuit, which is arranged between the second power distribution end and the power load, and is used to control the on-off between the second power distribution end and the power load; wherein the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, the third switch circuit, the fourth switch circuit and the fifth switch circuit are all realized by power switch tubes.

[0025] By implementing various switching circuits in the distribution circuit through power switching tubes, the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit can be improved.

[0026] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle, which includes: a first power supply circuit for providing a first power supply voltage; a second power supply circuit for providing a second power supply voltage; any one of the above distribution circuits, the first power supply circuit is connected to the first distribution branch to distribute power to the power load based on the first supply voltage; the second power supply circuit is connected to the second distribution branch to distribute power to the power load based on the second supply voltage.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first power supply circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit.

[0028] The voltage conversion circuit can realize the supply voltage required by the electrical load.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second power supply circuit includes a power supply.

[0030] Use power supplies to provide redundant power to electrical loads.

[0031] In some embodiments, the power supply and distribution system also includes: a control circuit, which is respectively connected to the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit, and is used to control the operation of the first switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working status of the first power supply circuit, and to control the operation of the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working status of the second power supply circuit.

[0032] The control circuit can realize the intelligent level of power supply and distribution of the power supply and distribution system, improve its response speed and enhance its reliability.

[0033] To solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a vehicle comprising: an electrical load; and any of the above power supply and distribution systems connected to the electrical load for supplying and distributing power to the electrical load.

[0034] Different from the prior art: the power distribution circuit of the vehicle proposed in the present application includes: a first distribution branch and a second distribution branch, which respectively distribute power to the vehicle's power loads, realize the redundant architecture of the vehicle's power distribution network, and can improve the reliability of the vehicle's power supply and distribution; the power distribution circuit further includes: a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit, wherein the first switch circuit is arranged in the first distribution branch, for controlling the on and off of the first distribution branch, and can cut off the first distribution branch when the power supply to the first distribution branch is abnormal, thereby improving the power supply effect of the power supply abnormality of the first distribution branch on the second distribution branch and the power load, thereby enabling the vehicle to run normally; the second switch circuit is arranged in the second distribution branch, for controlling the on and off of the second distribution branch, and can cut off the second distribution branch when the power supply to the second distribution branch is abnormal, thereby improving the power supply effect of the power supply abnormality of the second distribution branch on the first distribution branch and the power load, thereby enabling the vehicle to run normally; the power distribution circuit The invention further comprises: a third switch circuit, which is arranged between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the first distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch to the power load, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch to the power load. The third switch circuit is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end. Therefore, the third switch circuit can not only realize redundant power supply of the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch to the power load, but also ensure that the abnormal shutdown of the first distribution branch or the second distribution branch will not affect the power distribution of the other distribution branch, and can ensure that the normal distribution branch where the first distribution end or the second distribution end is located supplies power to the power load normally. The third switch circuit is shut down when the first distribution end or the second distribution end is abnormal, which can realize fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch. Therefore, the distribution circuit can realize normal driving of the vehicle when the power supply is abnormal, improving its fault resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative work.

[0036] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle of the present application;

[0037] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle of the present application;

[0038] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power distribution circuit of a vehicle of the present application;

[0039] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit structure of the power distribution circuit according to the embodiment of FIG3 ;

[0040] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of another specific circuit structure of the power distribution circuit according to the embodiment of FIG3 ;

[0041] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a power distribution circuit of a vehicle of the present application;

[0042] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit structure of the power distribution circuit of the embodiment of FIG6 .

[0043] Marking description: Power load 1, power supply and distribution system 2, controller 3;

[0044] A first power supply circuit 21, a second power supply circuit 22, a power distribution circuit 23, and a control circuit 24;

[0045] A first power distribution branch 231, a second power distribution branch 232, a first switch circuit 233, a second switch circuit 234, a third switch circuit 235, a fourth switch circuit 236, and a fifth switch circuit 237;

[0046] A first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a first MOS tube Q3, a second MOS tube Q4, a third switching tube Q5, a fourth switching tube Q6, and a switch K. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0050] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0053] As the requirements for vehicle electrical and electronic systems become increasingly stringent, they must not only meet availability requirements but also functional safety requirements. For example, if a single point of failure occurs in a vehicle's electrical and electronic system, the system must be able to ensure the vehicle stops safely or continues to operate normally.

[0054] As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle includes: an electrical load 1, a power supply and distribution system 2 and a controller 3. The power supply and distribution system 2 is connected to the electrical load 1 and the controller 3 respectively. The power supply and distribution system 2 supplies power and distributes power to the electrical load 1 under the control of the controller 3.

[0055] Specifically, controller 3 refers to a circuit or integrated chip with logic processing capabilities that generates control signals based on power demand and usage status to control the power supply and distribution system 2 and other functions. Controller 3 can be integrated into the vehicle's vehicle controller. Power supply and distribution system 2 refers to the power grid that provides and distributes electrical energy to loads, enabling both power supply and distribution. Power supply and distribution system 2 is also used to monitor and control power supply status and usage information.

[0056] The electrical load 1 may include a vehicle control domain controller, an electronic stability system, an electronic power steering system, an air-conditioning compressor, a PTC heater, an instrument, etc.

[0057] A vehicle's electrical loads 1 can be divided into critical loads and non-critical loads. Critical loads are generally powered by a low-voltage power supply system. Critical loads are those that ensure safe driving or parking, such as the vehicle control domain controller, electronic stability control system, and electronic power steering system. Non-critical loads are those that have no significant impact on vehicle safety, such as instruments, air conditioning compressors, and PTC heaters.

[0058] In the field of vehicle technology, the power supply and distribution system 2 can be applied to electric vehicles / electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, new energy vehicles, electric buses, electric motorcycles, etc.

[0059] In order to improve the vehicle's fault resistance, a redundant architecture power supply and distribution system 2 is used in the vehicle to distribute power to the power load 1. As shown in Figure 2, the vehicle's power supply and distribution system 2 includes: a first power supply circuit 21, a second power supply circuit 22 and a distribution circuit 23, wherein the first power supply circuit 21 is used to provide a first power supply voltage, and the second power supply circuit 22 is used to provide a second power supply voltage; the first power supply circuit 21 is connected to the distribution circuit 23 to distribute power to the power load 1 based on the first power supply voltage; the second power supply circuit 22 is connected to the distribution circuit 23 to distribute power to the power load 1 based on the second power supply voltage.

[0060] The first power supply circuit 21 may include a DCDC converter circuit for obtaining a power supply voltage and performing voltage conversion on the power supply voltage to obtain a first supply voltage. The DCDC converter circuit and the circuit providing the power supply voltage serve as a main power supply. The second power supply circuit may include a power supply serving as a redundant power supply. A switch is used to control the on / off connection between the main power supply and the redundant power supply. This not only achieves fault decoupling between the main power supply and the redundant power supply, but also enables the DCDC converter circuit to charge the power supply.

[0061] Alternatively, the power source may be a battery or the like.

[0062] In some embodiments, the vehicle's power supply and distribution system 2 also includes: a control circuit 24, which is respectively connected to the first power supply circuit 21, the second power supply circuit 22 and the distribution circuit 23, and is used to control the operation of the first power supply circuit 21, the second power supply circuit 22 and the distribution circuit 23, so as to realize the power supply and distribution of the power supply and distribution system 2, and realize the monitoring and control of the power supply status and power consumption information by the power supply and distribution system 2.

[0063] Among them, the control circuit 24 refers to a circuit or integrated chip with logic processing functions, which can generate corresponding control signals based on power demand and power status to control the operation of the power supply and distribution system 2, etc.; the control circuit 24 can be integrated into the above-mentioned controller 3.

[0064] During long-term research, the inventors of this application discovered that in related art, vehicles use redundant power distribution circuits to distribute power to load 1, with dual redundancy used for critical loads. When the main power supply fails, the redundant power supply can be used to power the vehicle's critical loads, allowing the vehicle to stop safely. However, this approach at least results in non-critical loads powered solely by the main power supply not functioning properly, thus failing to ensure normal vehicle operation.

[0065] In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a power distribution circuit for a vehicle, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. The power distribution circuit 23 of this embodiment includes: a first power distribution branch 231, a second power distribution branch 232, a first switch circuit 233, a second switch circuit 234 and a third switch circuit 235; wherein the first power distribution branch 231 is used to distribute power to the vehicle's power load 1; the second power distribution branch 232 is used to distribute power to the power load 1; the first switch circuit 233 is arranged in the first power distribution branch 231 to control the on and off of the first power distribution branch 231; the second switch circuit 234 is arranged in the second power distribution branch 232 , used to control the on and off of the second distribution branch 232; the third switch circuit 235 is arranged between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, and the connection point P of the third switch circuit 235 and the first distribution branch 231 is located between the first switch circuit 233 and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch 231 to the power load 1, and the connection point S of the third switch circuit 235 and the second distribution branch 232 is located between the second switch circuit 234 and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch 232 to the power load 1. The third switch circuit 235 is used to control the on and off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end.

[0066] Specifically, a switching circuit refers to an element or component that has the function of conducting or cutting off an electrical signal; a distribution branch refers to a circuit that can transmit an electrical signal and distribute the voltage or power of the electrical signal; a distribution end refers to a terminal that is electrically connected to the electrical load 1 and outputs an electrical signal to the electrical load 1.

[0067] The power distribution circuit 23 of this embodiment utilizes the first power distribution branch 231 and the second power distribution branch 232 to distribute power to the power load 1 of the vehicle respectively, thereby realizing the redundant architecture of the power distribution network of the vehicle and improving the reliability of the power supply and distribution of the vehicle; the first switch circuit 233 of the power distribution circuit 23 is arranged in the first power distribution branch 231, and is used to control the on-off of the first power distribution branch 231, and can cut off the first power distribution branch 231 when the power supply to the first power distribution branch 231 is abnormal, thereby improving the power supply abnormality of the first power distribution branch 231 on the second power distribution branch. The power supply effect of the second power distribution branch 232 and the power load 1 can be reduced, so that the vehicle can run normally; the second switch circuit 234 is set in the second power distribution branch 232, which is used to control the on and off of the second power distribution branch 232, and can cut off the second power distribution branch 232 when the power supply to the second power distribution branch 232 is abnormal, thereby improving the power supply effect of the second power distribution branch 232 on the first power distribution branch 231 and the power load 1, so that the vehicle can run normally; the third switch circuit 235 of the power distribution circuit 23 is set in the first power distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232 and the connection point P between the third switch circuit 235 and the first distribution branch 231 is located between the first switch circuit 233 and the first distribution branch 231 for the power load 1, and the connection point between the third switch circuit 235 and the second distribution branch 232 is located between the second switch circuit 234 and the second distribution branch 232 for the power load 1. The third switch circuit 235 is used to control the on-off between the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal. Therefore, the third switch circuit 235 can not only The first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232 can realize redundant power supply to the power load 1, and can ensure that the abnormal shutdown of the first distribution branch 231 or the second distribution branch 232 will not affect the power distribution of the other distribution branch, and can ensure that the normal distribution branch where the first distribution end or the second distribution end is located can normally supply power to the power load 1. In addition, the third switch circuit 235 is shut down when the first distribution end or the second distribution end is abnormal, which can realize fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch 231 and 232. Therefore, the distribution circuit 23 can realize normal driving of the vehicle in the event of power supply abnormality, improving its fault resistance.

[0068] Optionally, the power supply abnormality includes short circuit, undervoltage and other faults.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first switch circuit 233 includes: a first switch tube Q1, the control end of the first switch tube Q1 is used to receive a first control signal, the two path ends of the first switch tube Q1 are connected in series in the first distribution branch 231, and the first switch tube Q1 controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the first distribution branch according to the first control signal.

[0070] Specifically, the first switch tube Q1 refers to a device having the function of turning on and off the electrical signal transmission path.

[0071] The two passage ends of the first switch tube Q1 are connected in series in the first distribution branch 231 to set the first switch tube Q1 in the transmission path of the electrical signal on the first distribution branch 231, so that the first switch tube Q1 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path on the first distribution branch 231.

[0072] Among them, the first control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the first distribution branch 231, and the first control signal is used to control the first switch circuit 233 to be turned on when the power supply of the first distribution branch 231 is normal, and to control the first switch circuit 233 to be turned off when the power supply of the first distribution branch 231 is abnormal.

[0073] The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply status of the first distribution branch 231 and generates a first control signal based on the power supply status. The first control signal includes a first on signal and a first off signal. For example, when the power supply status of the first distribution branch 231 is normal, the control circuit 24 generates a first on signal to control the first switch circuit 233 to be on, and when the power supply status of the first distribution branch 231 is abnormal, the control circuit 24 generates a first off signal to control the first switch circuit 233 to be off.

[0074] This embodiment uses the first switch tube Q1 to implement the first switch circuit 233. Since the first switch tube Q1 has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery compared to relays or mechanical switches, it can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit 23.

[0075] Optionally, the first switching transistor Q1 may be a power switching transistor such as a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), also known as a MOS transistor or an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT). A power switching transistor is a triode capable of withstanding high currents, exhibiting low leakage current, and exhibiting good saturation conduction and cutoff characteristics under certain conditions. Amplification performance is not a consideration; its control is dependent on the magnitude or direction of the base current, which flows through the collector and emitter.

[0076] In some embodiments, the second switch circuit 234 includes a second switch tube Q2, the control end of the second switch tube Q2 is used to receive a second control signal, the two path ends of the second switch tube Q2 are connected in series in the second distribution branch 232, and the second switch tube Q2 controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the second distribution branch 232 according to the second control signal.

[0077] Specifically, the second switch tube Q2 refers to a device having the function of turning on and off the electrical signal transmission path.

[0078] The two passage ends of the second switch tube Q2 are connected in series in the second distribution branch 232 to set the second switch tube Q2 in the transmission path of the electrical signal on the second distribution branch 232, so that the second switch tube Q2 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path on the second distribution branch 232.

[0079] Among them, the second control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the second distribution branch 232. The second control signal is used to control the second switch circuit 234 to be turned on when the power supply of the second distribution branch 232 is normal, and to control the second switch circuit 234 to be turned off when the power supply of the second distribution branch 232 is abnormal.

[0080] The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply status of the second power distribution branch 232 and generates a second control signal based on the power supply status. The second control signal includes a second on signal and a second off signal. For example, when the power supply status of the second power distribution branch 232 is normal, the control circuit 24 generates the second on signal to control the second switch circuit 234 to be on, and when the power supply status of the second power distribution branch 232 is abnormal, the control circuit 24 generates the second off signal to control the second switch circuit 234 to be off.

[0081] This embodiment utilizes the second switch tube Q2 to implement the second switch circuit 234. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the second switch tube Q2 has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery. Therefore, the reliability, integration, and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 23 can be improved.

[0082] Optionally, the second switch tube Q2 may be a power switch tube such as a MOS tube or an IGBT device.

[0083] In some embodiments, the third switch circuit 235 includes: a switch K, wherein the two fixed ends of the switch K are connected in series between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, and the free end of the switch K is used to access a third control signal, and the switch K controls the on / off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end according to the third control signal.

[0084] In this embodiment, the third switch circuit 235 is implemented by using the switch K, which can achieve bidirectional fault decoupling between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, thereby improving the reliability of the fault decoupling.

[0085] Among them, the third control signal can be generated based on the working status of the first distribution end and the second distribution end. The third control signal is used to control the switch K to be turned on when the first distribution end and the second distribution end are working normally, and to control the switch K to be turned off when the power supply of the first distribution end or the second distribution end is abnormal.

[0086] The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal and generates a third control signal based on the operating status. The third control signal includes a third on signal and a third off signal. For example, when the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the operating status of the second distribution terminal are both normal, the control circuit 24 generates the third on signal to control the third switch circuit 235 to be on. When at least one of the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the operating status of the second distribution terminal is abnormal, the control circuit 24 generates the third off signal to control the third switch circuit 235 to be off.

[0087] Optionally, the switch K may be a mechanical switch or a relay.

[0088] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5 , the third switch circuit 235 includes: a first MOS transistor Q3 and a second MOS transistor Q4; wherein the gate of the first MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the fourth control signal, and the drain of the first MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the first power distribution branch 231; the gate of the second MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the fifth control signal, the source of the second MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor Q3, and the drain of the second MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the second power distribution branch 232.

[0089] Among them, the fourth control signal and the fifth control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the first distribution end and the second distribution end, and are used to control the first MOS tube Q3 and the second MOS tube Q4 to be turned on when the first distribution end and the second distribution end are working normally, and to control the first MOS tube Q3 and the second MOS tube Q4 to be turned off when the power supply of the first distribution end or the second distribution end is abnormal.

[0090] The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal, and generates a fourth control signal and a fifth control signal based on the operating status. The fourth control signal includes a fourth on-signal and a fourth off-signal, and the fifth control signal includes a fifth on-signal and a fifth off-signal. For example, when the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the operating status of the second distribution terminal are both normal, the control circuit 24 generates the fourth on-signal to turn on the first MOS transistor Q3 and the fifth on-signal to turn on the second MOS transistor Q4. When at least one of the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the operating status of the second distribution terminal is abnormal, the control circuit 24 generates the fourth off-signal to turn off the first MOS transistor Q3 and the fifth off-signal to turn off the second MOS transistor Q4.

[0091] The first MOS transistor Q3 and the second MOS transistor Q4 of this embodiment are both NPN MOS transistors. NPN MOS transistors are active high, that is, when the gate of the MOS transistor receives a high-level signal, its source and drain are connected, that is, the MOS transistor is turned on.

[0092] Compared with traditional relays or mechanical switches, MOS tubes have advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery, and can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 23.

[0093] Because the MOS transistor has a freewheeling diode, current will flow through the freewheeling diode when the MOS transistor is turned off. Therefore, this embodiment uses two back-to-back arranged first MOS transistors Q3 and second MOS transistors Q4 to implement the third switch circuit 235. This can improve the problem that when the first MOS transistors Q3 and the second MOS transistors Q4 are turned off, their freewheeling diodes continue to form a current path, thereby affecting the reliability of the bidirectional cutoff of the third switch circuit 235. Therefore, the third switch circuit 235 is implemented by the first MOS transistors Q3 and the second MOS transistors Q4, which can improve the reliability of fault decoupling between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232.

[0094] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , the power distribution circuit 23 of this embodiment further includes: a fourth switch circuit 236 , which is arranged between the first power distribution terminal and the power load 1 and is used to control the on / off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load 1 .

[0095] The first distribution end can supply power to multiple power loads 1. When a certain power load 1 is abnormal, the fourth switch circuit 236 set between the first distribution end and the abnormal power load 1 can be controlled to be turned off to improve the influence of the abnormal power load 1 on the distribution circuit 23, thereby affecting the power distribution influence of the distribution circuit 23 on other power loads 1. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve fault decoupling between multiple power loads 1 through the fourth switch circuit 236, so that when some power loads 1 are abnormal, other power loads 1 can still receive power and work normally.

[0096] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7, the fourth switch circuit 236 includes: a third switch tube Q5, the control end of the third switch tube Q5 is used to receive a sixth control signal, the two path ends of the third switch tube Q5 are connected in series between the first distribution end and the power load 1, and the third switch tube Q5 controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the first distribution end and the power load 1 according to the sixth control signal.

[0097] The two path ends of the third switch tube Q5 are connected in series between the first distribution terminal and the power load 1, so that the third switch tube Q5 is set in the transmission path of the electrical signal between the first distribution terminal and the power load 1. The third switch tube Q5 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path between the first distribution terminal and the power load 1.

[0098] The sixth control signal may be generated based on the power supply status of the electrical load 1 , and is used to control the third switch tube Q5 to turn on when the electrical load 1 is normal, and to control the third switch tube Q5 to turn off when the electrical load 1 is abnormal.

[0099] The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply status of the electrical load 1 and generates a sixth control signal. The sixth control signal includes a sixth on signal and a sixth off signal. For example, when the power supply status of the electrical load 1 is normal, the control circuit 24 generates the sixth on signal to turn on the fourth switch circuit 236. When the power supply status of the electrical load 1 is abnormal, the control circuit 24 generates the sixth off signal to turn off the fourth switch circuit 236.

[0100] This embodiment utilizes the third switch tube Q5 to implement the fourth switch circuit 236. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the third switch tube Q5 has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery. Therefore, the reliability, integration, and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 23 can be improved.

[0101] Optionally, the third switch tube Q5 may be a power switch tube such as a MOS tube or an IGBT device.

[0102] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , the power distribution circuit 23 of this embodiment further includes: a fifth switch circuit 237 , which is arranged between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1 and is used to control the on / off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1 .

[0103] The second distribution end can supply power to multiple power loads 1. When a certain power load 1 is abnormal, the fifth switch circuit 237 set between the second distribution end and the abnormal power load 1 can be controlled to be turned off to improve the impact of the abnormal power load 1 on the distribution circuit 23, thereby affecting the power distribution impact of the distribution circuit 23 on other power loads 1. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve fault decoupling between multiple power loads 1 through the fifth switch circuit 237, so that when some power loads 1 are abnormal, other power loads 1 can still receive power and work normally.

[0104] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7, the fifth switch circuit 237 includes: a fourth switch tube Q6, the control end of the fourth switch tube Q6 is used to receive the seventh control signal, the two path ends of the fourth switch tube Q6 are connected in series between the second distribution end and the power load 1, and the fourth switch tube Q6 controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the second distribution end and the power load 1 according to the seventh control signal.

[0105] The two passage ends of the fourth switch tube Q6 are connected in series between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1, so that the fourth switch tube Q6 is set in the transmission path of the electrical signal between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1. The fourth switch tube Q6 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1.

[0106] Among them, the seventh control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the electrical load 1, and the sixth control signal is used to control the fourth switch tube Q6 to be turned on when the electrical load 1 is normal, and to control the fourth switch tube Q6 to be turned off when the electrical load 1 is abnormal.

[0107] The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply status of the electrical load 1 and generates a seventh control signal. The seventh control signal includes a seventh on signal and a seventh off signal. For example, when the power supply status of the electrical load 1 is normal, the control circuit 24 generates the seventh on signal to turn on the fifth switch circuit 237, and when the power supply status of the electrical load 1 is abnormal, the control circuit 24 generates the seventh off signal to turn off the fifth switch circuit 237.

[0108] This embodiment uses the fourth switch tube Q6 to implement the fifth switch circuit 237. Since the fourth switch tube Q6 has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery compared to relays or mechanical switches, it can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit 23.

[0109] Optionally, the fourth switch tube Q6 may be a power switch tube such as a MOS tube or an IGBT device.

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7 , the power distribution circuit 23 includes: a first power distribution branch 231, a second power distribution branch 232, a first switch circuit 233, a second switch circuit 234, a third switch circuit 235, a fourth switch circuit 236, and a fifth switch circuit 237; wherein the first power distribution branch 231 is used to distribute power to the vehicle's power load 1; the second power distribution branch 232 is used to distribute power to the power load 1; the first switch circuit 233 is arranged in the first power distribution branch 231, and is used to control the on-off of the first power distribution branch 231; the second switch circuit 234 is arranged in the second power distribution branch 232, and is used to control the on-off of the second power distribution branch 232; the third switch circuit 235 is arranged between the first power distribution branch 231 and the second power distribution branch 232, and the connection point P of the third switch circuit 235 and the first power distribution branch 231 is located at the first power distribution branch 231. A switch circuit 233 is connected between the first distribution end of the first distribution branch 231 and the power load 1, and a connection point S between the third switch circuit 235 and the second distribution branch 232 is located between the second switch circuit 234 and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch 232 and the power load 1. The third switch circuit 235 is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end; the fourth switch circuit 236 is set between the first distribution end and the power load 1, and is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the power load 1; the fifth switch circuit 237 is set between the second distribution end and the power load 1, and is used to control the on-off between the second distribution end and the power load 1; wherein the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234, the third switch circuit 235, the fourth switch circuit 236 and the fifth switch circuit 237 are all realized by power switch tubes.

[0111] By implementing each switch circuit in the power distribution circuit 23 through a power switch tube, the reliability, integration and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 23 can be improved.

[0112] Optionally, the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234, the third switch circuit 235, the fourth switch circuit 236 and the fifth switch circuit 237 are all implemented by NPN-type MOS transistors; wherein the gate of the first switch transistor Q1 receives the first control signal, the source of the first switch transistor Q1 serves as the input end of the first power distribution branch 231, and the drain of the first switch transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q3; the gate of the second switch transistor Q2 receives the second control signal, the source of the second switch transistor Q2 serves as the input end of the second power distribution branch 232, and the drain of the second switch transistor Q2 is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor Q3. The drain of the first MOS transistor Q4 is connected; the source of the first MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the source of the second MOS transistor Q4, the source of the first MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the fourth control signal, and the gate of the second MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the fifth control signal; the gate of the third switch transistor Q5 receives the sixth control signal, the source of the third switch transistor Q5 is connected to the electrical load 1, and the drain of the third switch transistor Q5 is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q3; the gate of the fourth switch transistor Q6 receives the seventh control signal, the source of the fourth switch transistor Q6 is connected to the electrical load 1, and the drain of the fourth switch transistor Q6 is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor Q4.

[0113] The power load 1 is a general term, and different distribution terminals can be connected to different or the same power load 1. For example, a critical power load 1 can be connected to the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal to improve the reliability of its power distribution.

[0114] In other embodiments, the switching circuit may be implemented using other electronic switches such as relays or mechanical switches based on actual needs, without specific limitation.

[0115] In other embodiments, gallium nitride transistors may be used to implement the above-mentioned switching circuit. Gallium nitride transistors have a bidirectional cutoff function for electrical signals. Compared with mechanical switches or relays, they have advantages such as small size and fast response, while compared with power switching tubes such as MOS tubes, they have advantages such as bidirectional cutoff.

[0116] In addition, the present application also proposes a vehicle power supply and distribution system. As shown in Figure 2, the vehicle power supply and distribution system 2 includes: a first power supply circuit 21, a second power supply circuit 22 and a distribution circuit 23, wherein the first power supply circuit 21 is used to provide a first power supply voltage, and the second power supply circuit 22 is used to provide a second power supply voltage; the first power supply circuit 21 is connected to the distribution circuit 23 to distribute power to the power load 1 based on the first power supply voltage; the second power supply circuit 22 is connected to the distribution circuit 23 to distribute power to the power load 1 based on the second power supply voltage.

[0117] The first power supply circuit 21 may include a voltage conversion circuit for obtaining a power supply voltage and performing voltage conversion on the power supply voltage to obtain a first power supply voltage. The voltage conversion circuit may be a DC-DC circuit. The DC-DC circuit can provide the first power supply voltage required by the load. The DC-DC circuit and the circuit providing the power supply voltage are combined to form a main power supply. The second power supply circuit may include a power supply, such as a battery, as a redundant power supply. A switch is required to control the on / off between the main power supply and the redundant power supply. This not only achieves fault decoupling between the main power supply and the redundant power supply, but also enables the DCDC circuit to charge the battery.

[0118] In some embodiments, the power supply and distribution system 2 also includes: a control circuit, which is respectively connected to the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234 and the third switch circuit 235, and is used to control the operation of the first switch circuit 233 and the third switch circuit 235 based on the working status of the first power supply circuit 21, and to control the operation of the second switch circuit 234 and the third switch circuit 235 based on the working status of the second power supply circuit 22.

[0119] The control circuit refers to a circuit or integrated chip with logic processing functions that can generate corresponding control signals based on power demand and power status to control the operation of the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234 and the third switch circuit 235, and can be integrated into the vehicle controller of the vehicle.

[0120] Furthermore, the control circuit is also used to control the operation of the fourth switch circuit 236 and the fifth switch circuit 237 .

[0121] The control circuit is at least used to generate the first control signal, the second control signal, the third control signal, the fourth control signal, the fifth control signal and the sixth control signal.

[0122] The control circuit can realize the intelligent level of power supply and distribution of the power supply and distribution system 2, improve its response speed, and improve its reliability.

[0123] The circuit structure and working principle of the power supply and distribution system 2 can be found in the above embodiments.

[0124] Based on the use of power switching tubes to replace traditional mechanical relays and fusible fuses, this application further utilizes the advantages of semiconductor power device modules to improve and optimize the vehicle power distribution architecture, achieve redundancy, integration, and intelligence, and realize the requirements of higher intelligent driving and autonomous driving of the vehicle. For example, the first switch circuit 233 can be used to prevent the DCDC conversion circuit from short circuit, undervoltage, and other faults, thereby affecting the normal operation of other modules; the second switch circuit 234 can be used to prevent the power supply from short circuit, undervoltage, and other faults, thereby affecting the normal operation of other modules; the third switch circuit 235 can be used to prevent any fault at the P node or the S node, ensuring the normal operation of the other node; the fourth switch circuit 236 can be used to disconnect the power supply circuit when any power load 1 on the P side fails, protecting any other power load 1 from being affected; and the fifth switch circuit 237 can be used to disconnect the power supply circuit when any power load 1 on the S side fails, such as a short circuit, protecting any other load from being affected.

[0125] In addition, the present application also proposes a vehicle, as shown in Figure 1, the vehicle includes: an electrical load 1, a power supply and distribution system 2 and a controller 3, the power supply and distribution system 2 is connected to the electrical load 1 and the controller 3 respectively, and the power supply and distribution system 2 supplies power and distributes power to the electrical load 1 under the control of the controller 3.

[0126] In some embodiments, the power load 1 includes: a first power load unit, a second power load unit and a third power load unit, the first power load unit is connected to the first distribution end; the second power load unit is connected to the second distribution end; the third power load unit is connected to the first distribution end and the second distribution end respectively.

[0127] Among them, the first power load unit and the second power load unit can be non-critical power loads 1 such as instruments, air-conditioning compressors, PTC heaters, etc., which are only connected to one distribution terminal to save power consumption and simplify the circuit structure; the third power load unit is the vehicle control domain controller, electronic stability system, electronic power steering system, etc., which can ensure the safe driving or safe parking of the vehicle. The power load 1 can improve the safety of the vehicle.

[0128] The above description is only an implementation method of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of this application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A power distribution circuit for a vehicle, characterized in that: include: A first power distribution branch, used for distributing power to the power load of the vehicle; A second power distribution branch, used for distributing power to the power load; A first switch circuit, arranged in the first power distribution branch, for controlling the on and off of the first power distribution branch; A second switch circuit is provided in the second power distribution branch and is used to control the on and off of the second power distribution branch; The third switch circuit is arranged between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the first distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch to the power load, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch to the power load. The third switch circuit is used to control the connection and disconnection between the first distribution end and the second distribution end.

2. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switch circuit comprises: The first switch tube has a control end for receiving a first control signal, and two passage ends thereof are connected in series in the first power distribution branch. The first switch tube controls the on and off of the first power distribution branch according to the first control signal.

3. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second switch circuit comprises: The second switch tube has a control end for receiving a second control signal, and two passage ends thereof are connected in series in the second power distribution branch. The second switch tube controls the on and off of the second power distribution branch according to the second control signal.

4. The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The third switch circuit comprises: A switch, whose two fixed ends are connected in series between the first power distribution branch and the second power distribution branch, and whose free end is used to receive a third control signal. The switch controls the connection and disconnection between the first power distribution end and the second power distribution end according to the third control signal.

5. The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The third switch circuit comprises: A first MOS transistor, a gate of which is connected to a fourth control signal, and a drain of which is connected to the first power distribution branch; The second MOS transistor has a gate connected to the fifth control signal, a source connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and a drain connected to the second power distribution branch.

6. The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The power distribution circuit also includes: The fourth switch circuit is arranged between the first power distribution terminal and the power load, and is used to control the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load.

7. The power distribution circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fourth switch circuit comprises: The third switch tube has a control end for receiving a sixth control signal, and two passage ends thereof are connected in series to the first distribution The third switch tube controls the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load according to the sixth control signal.

8. The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The power distribution circuit also includes: The fifth switch circuit is arranged between the second power distribution terminal and the power load, and is used to control the on-off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load.

9. The power distribution circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fifth switch circuit includes: a fourth switch tube, whose control end is used to receive a seventh control signal, and whose two passage ends are connected in series between the second distribution end and the power load, and the fourth switch tube controls the connection and disconnection between the second distribution end and the power load according to the seventh control signal.

10. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power distribution circuit also includes: a fourth switch circuit, provided between the first power distribution terminal and the power load, for controlling the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load; a fifth switch circuit, provided between the second power distribution terminal and the power load, for controlling the on-off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load; Among them, the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, the third switch circuit, the fourth switch circuit and the fifth switch circuit are all implemented by power switch tubes.

11. A power supply and distribution system for a vehicle, characterized in that: include: A first power supply circuit, used for providing a first power supply voltage; A second power supply circuit, used for providing a second power supply voltage; The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first power supply circuit is connected to the first distribution branch to distribute power to the power load based on the first power supply voltage; and the second power supply circuit is connected to the second distribution branch to distribute power to the power load based on the second power supply voltage.

12. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first power supply circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit.

13. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The second power supply circuit includes a power supply.

14. The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: Also includes: The control circuit is respectively connected to the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit, and is used to control the operation of the first switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working state of the first power supply circuit, and to control the operation of the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working state of the second power supply circuit.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: Electrical load; The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 11 to 14 is connected to the power load and is used to supply and distribute power to the power load.

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