Soybean wide-ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soybean cultivation, in particular to soybean wide-ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment which comprises a rack, and a soil turning mechanism, a sowing mechanism, a soil returning mechanism and a tamping mechanism are sequentially mounted on the rack in the length direction of the rack; the seeding mechanism designed by the invention comprises a seed storage bin, a dispersion channel, a seed shunting assembly and a quantitative dibbling assembly, the seed storage bin is used for storing seeds when the equipment is used, and the dispersion channel is used for preliminarily dispersing the seeds, so that the seeds uniformly fall into two shunting wheels; a first flow dividing wheel and a second flow dividing wheel in the seed dispersing assembly respectively rotate in different directions, so that the seeds can be further uniformly dispersed, and the quantitative dibbling assembly can quantitatively plant the seeds in wide ridges at fixed intervals, so that the survival rate of the seeds is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soybean cultivation, and in particular to an integrated device for soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing. Background Art

[0002] The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment is an advanced agricultural machinery specially designed for soybean planting. It organically combines wide ridge cultivation technology with sowing operations, aiming to improve the efficiency and quality of soybean planting, promote the growth and development of soybeans, and provide a strong guarantee for achieving high and stable yields of soybeans.

[0003] For example, a soybean wide ridge cultivation equipment and method with publication number CN115529898A, which relates to the soybean cultivation technology field, includes: a frame, a switch support rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the frame, and a seed storage box is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod; at least one lifting mechanism is respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the left and right sides of the frame, and the lifting mechanism is used to control the lifting and lowering of the cultivation-related mechanism; a soil turning mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting mechanism on the left side, and the soil turning mechanism is used to turn the soil to form a soil pit; a sowing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the seed storage box, and the sowing mechanism is used to quantitatively divert seeds; a soil returning mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting mechanism on the right side, and the soil returning mechanism is used to return soil to the soil pit; at least one soil tamping mechanism is arranged on the right side of the soil returning mechanism, and the soil tamping mechanism is used to tamp the soil covering the seeds. This prior art sets a sowing mechanism so that the number of seeds sown into the soil pit is consistent and appropriate.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned prior art still has some defects when it comes to soybean cultivation: 1. The above-mentioned patent application does not take the seed size problem into consideration when performing quantitative diversion of seeds, that is, when using movable triangular blocks to perform quantitative diversion of seeds in the sowing mechanism, if the seeds are too large, the movable triangular blocks may get stuck, and thus the diversion and sowing tasks can no longer be performed; if the seeds are too small, the seeds cannot cause the movable triangular blocks to change direction, and thus the sowing mechanism can also fail to perform the diversion task, and can only sow on one side of the wide ridge, thereby reducing the sowing efficiency.

[0005] 2. The rammed earth blocks of the ramming mechanism in the above patent application achieve soil compaction by periodic downward pressure and lifting. However, since the rammed earth blocks operate periodically and the sowing range is obviously wider than the compaction range of the rammed earth blocks, some of the sown soil will inevitably fail to be compacted, which will make it impossible for the seeds sown in this part of the soil to grow well, reducing the seed yield rate.

[0006] Based on this, and according to the above-mentioned viewpoints, there is still room for improvement in the existing technology for soybean cultivation methods. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment comprises a frame, on which a soil turning mechanism, a sowing mechanism, a soil returning mechanism and a tamping mechanism are sequentially installed along the length direction of the frame.

[0009] The sowing mechanism includes two seed storage bins, both of which are arranged above the frame, a support rod is installed between the seed storage bin and the frame, a dispersion channel is installed at the bottom of the seed storage bin, and a seed diversion component is installed at the bottom of the dispersion channel.

[0010] The seed flow distribution component comprises a first protective shell installed at the bottom of the dispersion channel, two distribution channels are installed at the bottom of the first protective shell, and quantitative seeding components are installed at the bottom of each of the distribution channels.

[0011] Preferably, a support plate is installed on the upper surface of the frame, a diversion motor is installed on the side of the support plate away from the seed diversion assembly, a second drive shaft is installed on the driving end of the diversion motor, the second drive shaft is rotatably passed through the support plate and the first protective shell in turn, and a first diversion wheel and a second diversion wheel are installed on one end of the second drive shaft located in the first protective shell, wherein the second drive shaft is connected to the second diversion wheel after passing through the first diversion wheel, and a separating wheel is rotatably installed between the first diversion wheel and the second diversion wheel.

[0012] Preferably, a planetary gear set is installed in the center of the first splitter wheel, and the second drive shaft drives the first splitter wheel to rotate in the opposite direction through the planetary gear set.

[0013] Preferably, the quantitative seeding assembly includes a third protective shell and a third drive shaft, the third protective shell is installed at the bottom end of the material distribution channel, the third drive shaft rotates through the third protective shell, and a seeding wheel is installed at one end of the third drive shaft located in the third protective shell.

[0014] An auxiliary ring is installed on the inner wall of the seeding wheel, and a plurality of seed slots are evenly opened along the circumference of the seeding wheel. Auxiliary seeding components are arranged in the seed slots along the radial direction of the seeding wheel.

[0015] Preferably, the auxiliary seeding assembly includes a seeding rod, a seeding rod is passed through an auxiliary ring, a first permanent magnet is installed at one end of the seeding rod away from the seed slot, a return spring is connected between the first permanent magnet and the auxiliary ring, and the end of the seeding rod away from the first permanent magnet is passed through the corresponding seed slot.

[0016] Preferably, a limiting block is installed between one end of the seeding rod away from the first permanent magnet block and the auxiliary ring.

[0017] A bearing ring is rotatably mounted on the third driving shaft inside the seeding wheel, and a second permanent magnet block is mounted at the bottom of the bearing ring.

[0018] Preferably, a third driven rod is rotatably connected in the dispersion channel via a bearing, and a plurality of dispersion blades are evenly installed on the top end of the third driven rod along its circumference.

[0019] Preferably, the soil return mechanism includes a lifting component II, which is arranged on the frame, and a plurality of receiving components are provided at the lower end of the lifting component II, each receiving component is composed of two receiving rods, and soil return wheels are rotatably provided on opposite sides of the bottom of the two receiving rods, and the two soil return wheels are arranged in a "V" shape along the movement direction of the frame.

[0020] Preferably, two soil return rods are installed on the side of the receiving rod away from the sowing mechanism, and a soil return shovel is commonly installed on one end of the two soil return rods away from the bearing rod. The two soil return shovels on the same receiving assembly are arranged in a "V" shape along the movement direction of the frame.

[0021] Preferably, the compacting mechanism includes a tamping roller, and a plurality of adjustment grooves are evenly opened along the height direction of the two receiving rods on the receiving assembly on opposite sides, an adjusting cross bar is commonly installed between the two receiving rods, and the adjusting cross bar can be detachably installed in the adjusting groove, and two adjusting oblique rods are installed on the side of the adjusting cross bar away from the sowing mechanism, and a tamping roller is commonly installed between one end of each two adjusting oblique rods away from the adjusting cross bar.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The sowing mechanism designed in the present invention includes a seed storage bin, a dispersion channel, a seed diversion component and a quantitative seeding component. The seed storage bin is used to store seeds when the equipment is in use. The dispersion channel is used for the preliminary dispersion of seeds so that the seeds fall evenly on the two diversion wheels. The first diversion wheel and the second diversion wheel in the seed dispersion component rotate in different directions respectively so that the seeds can be further evenly dispersed. The quantitative seeding component can plant the seeds in a wide ridge at a fixed quantity and distance, thereby improving the seed survival rate.

[0024] 2. The tilling wheel designed in the present invention can increase or decrease the number of tilling shovels thereon according to the hardness of the soil, ensuring that the soil can be turned to produce the furrow conditions required for sowing under different soil conditions, thereby allowing the seeds to obtain nutrients in the soil, thereby improving the seed survival rate and soybean yield rate.

[0025] 3. The tamping roller designed in the present invention can increase or decrease its tamping pressure on the ground according to the hardness of the soil, ensuring that the soil after sowing and backfilling can be compacted according to different soil conditions, so that the seeds can obtain nutrients in the soil, thereby improving the seed survival rate and soybean yield rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting assembly and the soil turning mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure between the tilling wheel, the tilling shovel and the shovel groove of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure among the support block, the first driven rod, the belt, the second driven rod, the linkage rod, the shunt motor and the dispersion channel of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure among the first diverter wheel, the second diverter wheel, the linkage rod, the diverter motor and the separating wheel of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point A.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure among the first diverter wheel, the second diverter wheel, the linkage rod, the diverter motor and the separating wheel of the present invention.

[0034] Fig. 9 The invention is a schematic structural diagram of a soil return wheel, a soil return rod, a soil return shovel, a tamping roller, an adjustment groove, an adjustment cross rod and an adjustment oblique rod.

[0035] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. frame; 11. support plate; 2. soil turning mechanism; 21. soil turning wheel; 22. soil turning shovel; 23. driving motor; 24. first driving shaft; 25. shovel groove; 3. sowing mechanism; 31. seed storage bin; 32. support rod; 33. dispersion channel; 331. support block; 332. first driven rod; 333. belt; 334. second driven rod; 335. second protective shell; 336. third driven rod; 337. dispersion blade; 34. seed diversion assembly; 341. first protective shell; 342. first diversion wheel; 343. second diversion wheel; 344. separation wheel; 345. planetary gear set; 346. linkage rod; 35. material distribution channel; 36. quantitative seeding assembly; 361. U-shaped bearing plate; 362. rotating motor; 363. third driven rod Drive shaft; 364, third protective shell; 365, seeding wheel; 366, seed slot; 367, auxiliary seeding assembly; 3671, seeding rod; 3672, auxiliary ring; 3673, first permanent magnet; 3674, return spring; 3675, limit block; 3676, bearing ring; 3677, second permanent magnet; 37, shunt motor; 38, second drive shaft; 4, soil return mechanism; 41, soil return wheel; 42, soil return rod; 43, soil return shovel; 5, tamping mechanism; 51, tamping roller; 52, adjusting slot; 53, adjusting cross bar; 54, adjusting oblique rod; 6, lifting assembly one; 61, lifting rod; 62, threaded rod; 63, lifting plate; 64, bearing rod; 65, rotating rod; 66, lifting top plate; 7, lifting assembly two; 71, receiving assembly; 711, receiving rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 9 This application is described in further detail.

[0037] The embodiment of the present application discloses an integrated device for wide-ridge cultivation and sowing of soybeans, which can ensure that seeds can be sown at a fixed quantity and distance, thereby improving the seed survival rate and the yield rate of soybeans.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment comprises a frame 1, on which a soil turning mechanism 2, a sowing mechanism 3, a soil returning mechanism 4 and a tamping mechanism 5 are sequentially installed along the length direction thereof.

[0040] The tilling mechanism 2 includes a lifting component 6 and a tilling wheel 21. The lifting component 6 is arranged on the frame 1, and the tilling wheel 21 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting component 6. A plurality of tilling shovels 22 are evenly installed along the circumference of the tilling wheel 21. The lifting component 6 controls the lifting and lowering of the tilling wheel 21 so that the soil is turned over by the tilling shovels 22 when the tilling wheel 21 is running.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The sowing mechanism 3 includes two seed storage bins 31, both of which are arranged above the frame 1, and a support rod 32 is installed between the two seed storage bins 31 and the frame 1. A dispersion channel 33 is installed at the bottom of the seed storage bin 31, and a seed diversion component 34 is installed at the bottom of the dispersion channel 33. The seed storage bin 31 is used to store seeds to be sown, and the seeds flow into the dispersion channel 33 through the seed storage bin 31, and then enter the seed diversion component 34.

[0042] The seed diversion component 34 includes a first protective shell 341 installed at the bottom of the dispersion channel 33. Two distribution channels 35 are installed at the bottom of the first protective shell 341. A quantitative seeding component 36 is installed at the bottom of the distribution channel 35. After being diverted by the seed diversion component 34, the seeds enter the distribution channel 35 and are then sown through the quantitative seeding component 36.

[0043] See also Figure 1 and Fig. 9 The soil returning mechanism 4 includes a lifting component 27 and a soil returning wheel 41. The lifting component 27 is arranged on the frame 1. The soil returning wheel 41 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting component 27 and multiple soil returning wheels 41 are evenly installed along the width direction of the frame 1. After sowing is completed, the lifting component 27 controls the soil returning wheel 41 to move downward to cover the seeds with soil.

[0044] See also Fig. 9 The compacting mechanism 5 includes a compacting roller 51, which is arranged on the lifting component 2 7, and the compacting roller 51 compacts the completed covering soil.

[0045] Among them, before sowing the target wide ridge, the turning shovel 22 on the turning wheel 21 is increased or reduced according to the hardness of the soil of the target wide ridge. If the soil is hard, the number of turning shovels 22 is increased to ensure that the turning shovel 22 can turn over the soil for sowing. If the soil is soft, the number of turning shovels 22 is reduced to avoid excessive turning of the soil and cause the soil structure to be destroyed, thereby causing the soil to become loose and affecting the air permeability and water permeability of the soil; in addition, the compacting mechanism 5 needs to be adjusted according to the hardness of the soil of the target wide ridge. If the soil is hard, the compacting strength of the compacting mechanism 5 is reduced; if the soil is soft, the compacting strength of the compacting mechanism 5 is increased; at the same time, the turning mechanism 2 and the soil returning mechanism 4 are height adjusted according to the wide ridge height, so that the turning wheel 21 and the soil returning wheel 41 can just adapt to the wide ridge height.

[0046] During the specific implementation process, soybean seeds are added to the seed storage bin 31, and the tilling mechanism 2, the sowing mechanism 3, the soil returning mechanism 4 and the compacting mechanism 5 are started at the same time, and the tractor starts to pull the equipment to move. The tilling wheel 21 at the front end of the equipment frame 1 turns the soil on the wide ridge to form furrows, and the seeds in the seed storage bin 31 are sown into the furrows in a quantitative manner and at a fixed distance through the quantitative seeding component 36 to ensure that the seeds will not crowd out each other's nutrients during growth, thereby reducing the seed yield rate.

[0047] After the sowing mechanism 3 plants the seeds in the gullies in a quantitative manner, the soil-returning mechanism 4 fills the soil turned up by the soil-turning mechanism 2 back into the gullies to bury the seeds, thereby ensuring that the seeds can grow in a closed soil environment and obtain sufficient nutrients. After the soil-returning is completed, the compacting mechanism 5 compacts the returned soil according to the hardness of the soil to prevent the soil from being too loose, which makes it difficult for the seeds to absorb soil nutrients, making it impossible for the seeds to take root and germinate, thereby reducing the seed success rate.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 In order to enable the soil turning mechanism 2 and the soil returning mechanism 4 to be lifted and lowered, the lifting component 6 includes a lifting rod 61 and a threaded rod 62. A plurality of lifting rods 61 are evenly arranged on the frame 1 along the width direction of the frame 1. A lifting top plate 66 is installed on the top of the lifting rods 61. A lifting plate 63 that slides with the lifting rods 61 is provided below the lifting top plate 66. The threaded rod 62 is rotatably installed on the lifting top plate 66, and the threaded rod 62 is threadedly connected to the lifting plate 63. Rotating the threaded rod 62 can drive the lifting plate 63 to move axially along the lifting rod 61.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 , bearing rods 64 are installed at both ends of the bottom of the lifting plate 63, and a rotating rod 65 is installed on the ends of the two bearing rods 64 away from the lifting plate 63 through bearings to rotate together. Multiple tilling wheels 21 are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating rod 65. When the rotating rod 65 rotates, it will drive the tilling wheels 21 to rotate synchronously, and then drive the tilling shovel 22 to dig the soil to form gullies.

[0050] Continue to refer to Figure 2 A driving motor 23 is installed in the center of the lifting plate 63, and a first driving shaft 24 that rotates and penetrates the lifting plate 63 is installed at the driving end of the driving motor 23. The bottom end of the first driving shaft 24 is connected to the rotating rod 65 through a bevel gear meshing transmission, and the rotation of the rotating rod 65 is realized by the driving motor 23.

[0051] During the specific implementation process, the threaded rod 62 is rotated to realize the lifting movement on the lifting plate 63, so that the lifting plate 63 drives the supporting rod 64 to move up and down, and then the height position of the soil-turning mechanism 2 can be adjusted according to the height of the wide ridge, so that the depth of the gully dug by the soil-turning mechanism 2 is more reasonable, ensuring that the seeds can obtain sufficient nutrients in the soil for growth, thereby ensuring the survival rate of the seeds.

[0052] The driving motor 23 on the lifting plate 63 is started, the first driving shaft 24 starts to rotate, and drives the rotating rod 65 to rotate through the bevel gear meshing transmission, so that the tilling shovel 22 can till the wide ridge.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In order to increase or reduce the tilling shovel 22 on the tilling wheel 21, the rotating rod 65 is evenly installed with multiple tilling wheels 21 along its axial direction, and the tilling wheel 21 is evenly opened with multiple shovel grooves 25 along its circumference, and the tilling shovel 22 can be detachably installed in the shovel grooves 25.

[0054] Among them, after the tilling shovel 22 slides into the shovel groove 25, the two are tightly connected to prevent the tilling shovel 22 from loosening in the shovel groove 25 and causing the tilling shovel 22 to fall off during the tilling process, which reduces the furrowing rate and further reduces the seed sowing success rate. In the specific implementation process, before the equipment is operated, the tilling shovel 22 on the tilling wheel 21 is increased or decreased according to the hardness of the soil of the target wide ridge, that is, the tilling shovel 22 is slid into or out of the shovel groove 25, and it is necessary to ensure that when adding or reducing the tilling shovel 22, the angles between every two adjacent tilling shovels 22 on the tilling wheel 21 are always consistent, so that the tilling shovel 22 can keep the width and depth of the furrow balanced when digging, thereby ensuring that each seed has a similar growth environment and ensuring the seed yield.

[0055] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In order to make the seeds evenly diverted, that is, the number of seeds buried in each gully is similar, a support plate 11 is installed on the upper surface of the frame 1, and a diversion motor 37 is installed on the side of the support plate 11 away from the seed diversion component 34, and a second driving shaft 38 is installed on the driving end of the diversion motor 37. The second driving shaft 38 rotates and penetrates the support plate 11 and the first protective shell 341 in turn, and the end of the second driving shaft 38 located in the first protective shell 341 is installed with a first diversion wheel 342 and a second diversion wheel 343, wherein the second driving shaft 38 penetrates the first diversion wheel 342 and is connected to the second diversion wheel 343, and a separation wheel 344 is rotatably installed between the first diversion wheel 342 and the second diversion wheel 343 to separate the seeds in the first diversion wheel 342 and the second diversion wheel 343 so that the two will not interfere with each other.

[0056] Among them, the first protective shell 341 fits the first diverter wheel 342 and the second diverter wheel 343, and the distance between the first diverter wheel 342 and the second diverter wheel 343 and the separating wheel 344 is smaller than the particle size of the seeds. Therefore, when the first diverter wheel 342 and the second diverter wheel 343 are in operation, the seeds will not get stuck in the seed diverter assembly 34.

[0057] During the specific implementation process, the seeds enter the dispersion channel 33 from the seed storage bin 31, and enter the seed diversion component 34 after preliminary dispersion in the dispersion channel 33. The diversion motor 37 drives the first diversion wheel 342 and the second diversion wheel 343 to rotate in opposite directions, so that the seeds enter opposite diversion directions. The separation wheel 344 can separate the seeds in two different directions so that the diverted seeds will not interfere with each other. The diverted seeds pass through the diversion channels 35 on both sides of the first protective shell 341 and enter the two quantitative seeding components 36 respectively, and then are sown in different gullies to ensure that a similar number of seeds can be diverted to each gully. Under suitable growth conditions, the growth density of the plants can remain relatively consistent, each plant can grow in a good environment, and the individual growth potential can be fully developed, which helps to improve the yield stability of the entire planting area.

[0058] Reference Figure 6 In order to enable the first diverter wheel 342 and the second diverter wheel 343 to rotate in different directions, a planetary gear set 345 is installed in the center of the first diverter wheel 342, and the second driving shaft 38 drives the first diverter wheel 342 to rotate in the opposite direction through the planetary gear set 345.

[0059] Specifically, the planetary gear set 345 includes a planetary gear, a sun gear and a gear plate. The second drive shaft 38 passes through the sun gear. When the second drive shaft 38 rotates, it will drive the sun gear and the second diverter wheel 343 to rotate synchronously.

[0060] A plurality of linkage rods 346 are mounted on the support plate 11, and a planetary gear is rotatably mounted on one end of the linkage rod 346 away from the lifting plate 63 through a bearing. The rotating sun gear will mesh with the planetary gear to realize the planetary gear rotating around the linkage rod 346 as the axis.

[0061] The first diverter wheel 342 is provided with a toothed disc meshing with the planetary gear. The rotating planetary gear meshes with the toothed disc, thereby realizing the rotation of the first diverter wheel 342. Through the transmission setting of the planetary gear set 345, the rotation directions of the first diverter wheel 342 and the second diverter wheel 343 are opposite.

[0062] During the specific implementation process, the diversion motor 37 drives the second drive shaft 38 to rotate, and the second drive shaft 38 drives the planetary gear set 345 to rotate, thereby driving the first diversion wheel 342 to rotate. At the same time, the second drive shaft 38 also drives the second diversion wheel 343 to rotate, thereby realizing the diversion of seeds. After diversion, the seeds enter the two quantitative seeding components 36 for quantitative and fixed-distance sowing, so as to reduce the chance of seeds competing with each other for nutrients, water and sunlight, thereby improving the germination rate of seeds and the survival rate of seedlings, and at the same time facilitating field management work such as irrigation, fertilization, weeding and pest control.

[0063] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In order to achieve preliminary dispersion of seeds in the dispersion channel 33 , a support block 331 is installed on the outer surface of one side of the dispersion channel 33 along its length direction, and a first driven rod 332 is rotatably installed on the support block 331 .

[0064] The first driven rod 332 and the second driving shaft 38 are connected via a belt 333 , and the second driving shaft 38 can drive the first driven rod 332 to rotate.

[0065] A second driven rod 334 is rotatably provided on one side of the support block 331 of the dispersion channel 33. The second driven rod 334 is connected to the first driven rod 332 through a bevel gear meshing transmission. When the first driven rod 332 rotates, the second driven rod 334 can be driven to rotate.

[0066] Reference Figure 7 A second protective shell 335 with an L-shaped structure is arranged outside the second driven rod 334 in the dispersion channel 33. The vertical section of the second protective shell 335 is rotatably connected to the third driven rod 336 through a bearing. The bottom end of the third driven rod 336 is connected to the second driven rod 334 through a bevel gear meshing transmission. A plurality of dispersion blades 337 are evenly installed on the top of the third driven rod 336 along its circumference. When the second driven rod 334 rotates, the third driven rod 336 can be driven to rotate, and then the third driven rod 336 drives the dispersion blades 337 to rotate, and the seeds are preliminarily dispersed.

[0067] During the specific implementation process, the second drive shaft 38 drives the first driven rod 332 to rotate through the belt 333, the first driven rod 332 drives the second driven rod 334 to rotate through the bevel gear meshing transmission, the second driven rod 334 drives the third driven rod 336 to rotate through the bevel gear meshing transmission, and then drives the dispersion blades 337 to rotate. The dispersion blades 337 can disperse the fallen seeds so that the seeds will not fall on one dispersion wheel, thereby avoiding uneven seed sowing and competing for nutrients with each other, resulting in reduced soybean yield and survival rate. The seeds are initially and evenly dispersed into the two diverter wheels by the dispersion blades 337, and then further dispersed by the first diverter wheel 342 and the second diverter wheel 343, which can ensure that the seeds can obtain sufficient nutrients during growth and will not occupy each other's living space, thereby improving the seed yield and soybean quality.

[0068] Reference Figure 4 In order to enable the quantitative seeding component 36 to sow seeds at a fixed distance and in a quantitative manner, the quantitative seeding component 36 includes a U-shaped supporting plate 361, which is installed on the lower surface of the frame 1. A rotating motor 362 is installed at the bottom end of the U-shaped supporting plate 361, and a third driving shaft 363 is installed at the driving end of the rotating motor 362. The rotating motor 362 can drive the third driving shaft 363 to rotate.

[0069] Reference Figure 8 A third protective shell 364 is installed at the bottom end of the material distribution channel 35, and the third driving shaft 363 rotates and penetrates the third protective shell 364, and a seeding wheel 365 is installed at one end of the third driving shaft 363 located in the third protective shell 364. The third driving shaft 363 can drive the seeding wheel 365 to rotate to achieve quantitative and fixed-distance sowing of seeds.

[0070] Continue to refer to Figure 8 An auxiliary ring 3672 is installed on the inner wall of the seeding wheel 365. The seeding wheel 365 is evenly provided with a plurality of seed grooves 366 along its circumference. Each seed groove 366 is provided with an auxiliary seeding component 367 along the radial direction of the seeding wheel 365. The auxiliary seeding component 367 can help the seeding wheel 365 to sow seeds smoothly and avoid the situation where seeds are stuck.

[0071] Among them, the third protective shell 364 fits the outer wall of the seeding wheel 365, so the seeds will not be stuck in the gap between the third protective shell 364 and the seeding wheel 365, and the seed slot 366 can only accommodate 1-2 seeds at a time, so as to avoid sowing too many seeds at a time, which will reduce the survival rate of the seeds and thus reduce the soybean yield. In the specific implementation process, the rotating motor 362 is driven, and the rotating motor 362 drives the third driving shaft 363 to rotate, and the third driving shaft 363 drives the seeding wheel 365 to rotate. The seeds enter the seed slot 366 through the material distribution channel 35, and follow the seed slot 366 to rotate to the bottom end of the third protective shell 364 and fall into the gully turned by the soil turning mechanism 2. Since the spacing between the seed slots 366 is the same and the number of seeds carried by the seed slots 366 is certain, the seeds can be sown at a fixed quantity and distance, which can improve the survival rate of the seeds and improve the quality of soybeans. The auxiliary seeding component 367 can further ensure the realization of the quantitative seeding effect, and at the same time, it can avoid the seeding wheel 365 being stuck by the seeds, thereby reducing the sowing efficiency.

[0072] Reference Figure 8 In order to prevent the seeds from getting stuck in the seed slot 366, the auxiliary seeding assembly 367 includes a seeding rod 3671, and the seeding rod 3671 is passed through the auxiliary ring 3672. The first permanent magnet block 3673 is installed at one end of the seeding rod 3671 away from the seed slot 366, and a return spring 3674 is connected between the first permanent magnet block 3673 and the auxiliary ring 3672. The other end of the seeding rod 3671 is passed through the corresponding seed slot 366, and the seeding rod 3671 can push the seeds in the corresponding seed slot 366 into the gully.

[0073] A limit block 3675 is installed between one end of the seeding rod 3671 away from the first permanent magnet block 3673 and the auxiliary ring 3672. When the reset spring 3674 drives the seeding rod 3671 to reset, the limit block 3675 can prevent the seeding rod 3671 from over-resetting.

[0074] Continue to refer to Figure 8 A bearing ring 3676 is rotatably installed on the third driving shaft 363 inside the seeding wheel 365, and a second permanent magnet block 3677 is installed at the bottom of the bearing ring 3676. The second permanent magnet block 3677 and the first permanent magnet block 3673 repel each other with the same polarity, so that the first permanent magnet block 3673 can drive the seeding rod 3671 to promote seed sowing.

[0075] During the specific implementation process, when the seed slot 366 rotates to the bottom of the third protective shell 364, the seeding rod 3671 drives the first permanent magnet block 3673 to rotate synchronously to the bottom of the second permanent magnet block 3677, and the first permanent magnet block 3673 repels the second permanent magnet block 3677, and the second permanent magnet block 3677 pushes the seeding rod 3671 to move forward, so that the seeding rod 3671 can push out the seeds in the seed slot 366 to prevent the seeds from blocking the seed slot 366 and affecting the subsequent seed sowing, so that the seeds can smoothly fall into the gully below to complete the sowing. After the sowing is completed, the first permanent magnet block 3673 rotates away from the position of the second permanent magnet block 3677. Under the action of the second reset spring 3674, the seeding rod 3671 begins to reset. When the limit block 3675 contacts the auxiliary ring 3672, the seeding rod 3671 completes the reset.

[0076] Embodiment 2:

[0077] Reference Fig. 9 On the basis of the first embodiment, in order to refill the gullies after sowing the seeds, the gullies after sowing are covered with soil by the soil-returning wheel 41, wherein the lifting component 2 7 is used to control the lifting of the soil-returning wheel 41.

[0078] In addition, the structure of lifting component 2 7 is exactly the same as that of lifting component 1 6. A plurality of receiving components 71 are provided at the lower end of the lifting plate of lifting component 2 7. Each receiving component 71 is composed of two receiving rods 711. The opposite sides of the bottoms of the two receiving rods 711 are rotatably provided with return wheels 41. The two return wheels 41 are arranged in a "V" shape along the movement direction of the frame 1. The lifting component 2 7 can adjust the height of the return wheel 41 through the receiving rod 711, so that the return wheel 41 can perform the return operation more effectively.

[0079] Reference Fig. 9 Two soil-returning rods 42 are installed on the side of the receiving rod 711 away from the sowing mechanism 3, and a soil-returning shovel 43 is installed on one end of the two soil-returning rods 42 away from the bearing rod 64. The two soil-returning shovels 43 on the same receiving assembly 71 are arranged in a "V" shape along the movement direction of the frame 1. The soil-returning shovel 43 can return the soil missed by the soil-returning wheel 41.

[0080] During the specific implementation process, after the quantitative seeding assembly 36 completes the sowing of the seeds, the soil-returning wheel 41 fills the soil on both sides of the gully turned out by the soil-turning shovel 22 back into the gully, so that the seeds can be buried in the soil and absorb nutrients in the soil for growth.

[0081] Among them, the backfilling shovel 43 is located behind the backfilling wheel 41 along the movement direction of the frame 1. During the specific implementation process, after the backfilling wheel 41 has initially backfilled the soil, the backfilling shovel 43 backfills the remaining soil that has not been backfilled by the backfilling wheel 41 to ensure that the seeds can be covered by the soil, and then absorb nutrients in the soil, thereby improving the survival rate of the seeds and the yield rate of soybeans.

[0082] Reference Fig. 9 In order to adjust the tamping strength of the tamping mechanism 5 according to the hardness of the soil, a plurality of adjustment grooves 52 are evenly opened along the height direction of the two receiving rods 711 on the same receiving assembly 71 on opposite sides, and an adjusting cross bar 53 is installed between the two receiving rods 711. The adjusting cross bar 53 can be detachably installed in the adjusting groove 52. Two adjusting oblique rods 54 are installed on the side of the adjusting cross bar 53 away from the sowing mechanism 3, and a tamping roller 51 is installed between each two adjusting oblique rods 54 at one end away from the adjusting cross bar 53. By installing the adjusting cross bar 53 in different adjusting grooves 52, the tamping degree of the soil by the tamping roller 51 can be different.

[0083] Among them, the tamping roller 51 is located behind the backfilling shovel 43 along the movement direction of the frame 1. During the specific implementation process, the adjusting cross bar 53 is first inserted into the corresponding adjusting groove 52 according to the hardness of the soil to adjust the pressure between the tamping roller 51 and the soil. For example, the softer the soil, the greater the pressure of the tamping roller 51 on the soil, so that the soil can be compacted so that the seeds can obtain sufficient nutrients. If the soil is harder, the smaller the pressure of the tamping roller 51 on the soil is to avoid excessive compaction that affects seed survival and development; when the backfilling mechanism 4 has completed backfilling the soil, the tamping roller 51 begins to compact the backfilled soil, thereby ensuring soil growth conditions with sufficient nutrients for the seeds and improving the survival rate of the seeds and the yield rate of soybeans.

[0084] A plurality of traction blocks 12 are installed at the front of the frame 1 along the moving direction thereof, so that the equipment can be conveniently towed by other transport equipment for field operation, thus saving manpower and improving planting efficiency.

[0085] The implementation principle of the present invention is:

[0086] (1) After being preliminarily dispersed in the dispersion channel 33, the seeds in the seed storage bin 31 enter the seed diversion component 34, and the seeds are further diverted in the component, so that each gully can be evenly distributed with the same number of seeds. The seeds in the seed diversion component 34 enter the quantitative seeding component 36 through the material distribution channel 35. The quantitative seeding component 36 sows the seeds in the gullies at a fixed quantity and distance to ensure that the seeds will not crowd out each other's nutrients during growth, thereby reducing the seed success rate.

[0087] (2) After the sowing mechanism 3 plants the seeds in a fixed quantity in the furrows, the soil-returning mechanism 4 fills the soil turned up by the soil-turning mechanism 2 back into the furrows to bury the seeds, thereby ensuring that the seeds can grow in a closed soil environment and obtain sufficient nutrients.

[0088] (3) After the backfilling is completed, the compacting mechanism 5 compacts the backfilled soil according to the hardness of the soil to prevent the soil from being too loose, which makes it difficult for the seeds to absorb soil nutrients, making it impossible for the seeds to take root and germinate, and reducing the seed yield rate.

[0089] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements be included in the present invention. Any reference numerals in the accompanying drawings should not be considered as limiting the references.

[0090] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a soil turning mechanism (2), a sowing mechanism (3), a soil returning mechanism (4) and a compacting mechanism (5) in sequence along its length direction, wherein: The sowing mechanism (3) comprises two seed storage bins (31), both of which are arranged above the frame (1), a support rod (32) is installed between the seed storage bins (31) and the frame (1), a dispersion channel (33) is installed at the bottom of the seed storage bin (31), and a seed diversion assembly (34) is installed at the bottom of the dispersion channel (33); The seed flow distribution component (34) comprises a first protective shell (341) installed at the bottom of the dispersion channel (33), two distribution channels (35) are installed at the bottom of the first protective shell (341), and quantitative seeding components (36) are installed at the bottom of each distribution channel (35).

2. The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support plate (11) is installed on the upper surface of the frame (1), a diversion motor (37) is installed on the side of the support plate (11) away from the seed diversion assembly (34), a second drive shaft (38) is installed on the driving end of the diversion motor (37), the second drive shaft (38) is rotatably penetrated through the support plate (11) and the first protective shell (341) in sequence, and a first diversion wheel (342) and a second diversion wheel (343) are installed on one end of the second drive shaft (38) located in the first protective shell (341), wherein the second drive shaft (38) is connected to the second diversion wheel (343) after penetrating the first diversion wheel (342), and a separation wheel (344) is rotatably installed between the first diversion wheel (342) and the second diversion wheel (343).

3. The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A planetary gear set (345) is installed at the center of the first splitter wheel (342), and the second drive shaft (38) drives the first splitter wheel (342) to rotate in the opposite direction through the planetary gear set (345).

4. The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantitative seeding assembly (36) comprises a third protective shell (364) and a third drive shaft (363); the third protective shell (364) is installed at the bottom end of the material distribution channel (35); the third drive shaft (363) rotates and passes through the third protective shell (364); and a seeding wheel (365) is installed at one end of the third drive shaft (363) located in the third protective shell (364); An auxiliary ring (3672) is installed on the inner wall of the seeding wheel (365), and a plurality of seed grooves (366) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the seeding wheel (365). The seed grooves (366) are provided with auxiliary seeding components (367) along the radial direction of the seeding wheel (365).

5. The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary seeding assembly (367) includes a seeding rod (3671), the seeding rod (3671) is passed through the auxiliary ring (3672), a first permanent magnet (3673) is installed at one end of the seeding rod (3671) away from the seed slot (366), a return spring (3674) is connected between the first permanent magnet (3673) and the auxiliary ring (3672), and the end of the seeding rod (3671) away from the first permanent magnet (3673) is passed through the corresponding seed slot (366).

6. The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting block (3675) is installed between one end of the seeding rod (3671) away from the first permanent magnet block (3673) and the auxiliary ring (3672); A bearing ring (3676) is rotatably mounted on the third driving shaft (363) inside the seeding wheel (365), and a second permanent magnet block (3677) is mounted at the bottom of the bearing ring (3676).

7. The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third driven rod (336) is rotatably connected in the dispersion channel (33) via a bearing, and a plurality of dispersion blades (337) are evenly installed on the top end of the third driven rod (336) along its circumference.

8. The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil return mechanism (4) comprises a lifting assembly (7) No. 2, which is arranged on the frame (1). A plurality of receiving assemblies (71) are arranged at the lower end of the lifting assembly (7). Each receiving assembly (71) is composed of two receiving rods (711). The bottom opposite sides of the two receiving rods (711) are rotatably provided with soil return wheels (41). The two soil return wheels (41) are arranged in a "V" shape along the movement direction of the frame (1).

9. The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two soil return rods (42) are installed on the side of the receiving rod (711) away from the sowing mechanism (3), and a soil return shovel (43) is installed on one end of the two soil return rods (42) away from the bearing rod (64). The two soil return shovels (43) on the same receiving assembly (71) are arranged in a "V" shape along the movement direction of the frame (1).

10. The soybean wide ridge cultivation and sowing integrated equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The compacting mechanism (5) comprises a tamping roller (51), a plurality of adjustment slots (52) are evenly provided along the height direction of two receiving rods (711) on opposite sides of the receiving assembly (71), an adjustment cross bar (53) is installed between the two receiving rods (711), the adjustment cross bar (53) is detachably installed in the adjustment slot (52), two adjustment oblique rods (54) are installed on the side of the adjustment cross bar (53) away from the sowing mechanism (3), and a tamping roller (51) is installed between the ends of each of the two adjustment oblique rods (54) away from the adjustment cross bar (53).

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