A short process for the preparation of a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of metal laminated composite material, and particularly relates to a short-process preparation method of nickel-copper-nickel laminated composite material. The present application uniformly spreads nickel oxide powder on the lower layer of a square nickel boat, uniformly covers a layer of copper oxide powder on the layer of nickel oxide powder, and finally uniformly covers a layer of nickel oxide powder on the layer of copper oxide powder. The top and bottom of the square nickel boat are of porous structure to facilitate gas flow. The nickel boat is placed in a hydrogen atmosphere furnace for reduction sintering to obtain a nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite slab. After sintering, rolling is directly performed, and finally nickel-copper-nickel laminated composite foil is obtained through cold rolling. The present application obtains a super-fine crystal nickel layer and a copper layer by hydrogen reduction sintering of super-fine nickel oxide powder and copper oxide powder, and the foil has excellent mechanical properties. The nickel layer and the copper layer are strongly metallurgically combined at the atomic level through sintering diffusion, and the interface bonding strength is high. After sintering, rolling is directly performed, and the slab does not need to be preheated again, which can greatly improve the production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal layered composite materials, and particularly relates to a short-process preparation method of a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material. Technical Background

[0002] The positive and negative electrodes of new energy batteries need to be electrically connected to the battery shell through the tabs. The tab materials need to meet requirements such as high conductivity, high stability and high safety. Nickel has good conductivity, good weldability and processability, which can meet the manufacturing process requirements of the tabs. It also has good corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and can withstand large current and temperature changes during battery charging and discharging. Overall, nickel is the only choice for tab materials for new energy batteries. With the increase in battery energy density, the performance requirements for tab materials are also further improved. The conductivity can be improved by manufacturing tab materials through the nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite design concept. Generally, nickel-copper-nickel layered composite materials are prepared by cold rolling composite technology. The increase in temperature during service will cause the grain structure of the composite material to recrystallize and grow, resulting in performance degradation. At the same time, the interface bonding strength of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite materials manufactured by cold rolling composite is low. Cyclic thermal stress during service can easily lead to interlayer separation, affecting the safety of battery use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a shortened process for preparing a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material. The nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material prepared by the present invention exhibits high strength and strong interfacial bonding, resolving the issue of conventional laminated composite foils with suboptimal mechanical and interfacial bonding properties while also shortening the processing cycle and improving manufacturing efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is:

[0005] A short-process preparation method for a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Nickel oxide powder is evenly spread on the bottom layer of a square nickel boat, a layer of copper oxide powder is evenly covered on the nickel oxide powder layer, and a layer of nickel oxide powder is evenly covered on the copper oxide powder layer. The top and bottom of the square nickel boat are porous structures to facilitate gas circulation;

[0007] (2) placing a square nickel boat filled with nickel oxide powder and copper oxide powder in a hydrogen atmosphere furnace for reduction sintering to obtain a nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite slab;

[0008] (3) The sintered nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite sheet is directly rolled, and finally a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material foil is obtained by cold rolling.

[0009] Furthermore, the average particle size of the nickel oxide powder and the copper oxide powder in step (1) is 0.2-5 μm.

[0010] Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the single-layer nickel oxide powder layer to the copper oxide powder layer in step (1) is 1:1 to 5:1.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydrogen flow rate in step (2) is 1-5 L / min.

[0012] Furthermore, the reduction sintering temperature in step (2) is 500-900°C, and the holding time is 30-180 minutes.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material foil in step (3) is 0.05-0.5 mm.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The present invention reduces and sinters ultrafine nickel oxide powder and copper oxide powder in hydrogen to obtain ultrafine-grained nickel and copper layers, which give the product excellent mechanical properties. The nickel and copper layers are metallurgically bonded at the atomic level through sintering and diffusion, and the nickel-copper interface has high bonding strength.

[0016] 2. The process flow of the present invention is short, and rolling can be carried out directly after sintering is completed, without the need to reheat the slab, thus saving energy consumption, shortening the production cycle, and greatly improving production efficiency. It has important application prospects in the field of layered composite materials such as new energy battery tabs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] A short-process preparation method for a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material comprises the following steps:

[0020] (1) Nickel oxide powder with a thickness of 50 mm and an average particle size of 0.2 μm is evenly laid on the lower layer of the square nickel boat. A layer of copper oxide powder with a thickness of 50 mm and an average particle size of 1.5 μm is evenly covered on the nickel oxide powder layer. Finally, a layer of nickel oxide powder with a thickness of 50 mm and an average particle size of 0.2 μm is evenly covered on the copper oxide powder layer. The top and bottom of the square nickel boat are porous structures to facilitate gas circulation.

[0021] (2) A square nickel boat filled with nickel oxide powder and copper oxide powder was placed in a hydrogen atmosphere furnace for reduction sintering at a hydrogen flow rate of 1 L / min, a reduction sintering temperature of 500 °C, and a holding time of 180 min to obtain a nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite slab;

[0022] (3) The sintered nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite sheet was directly rolled and finally processed into a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite foil through multiple cold rolling processes. The thicknesses of the nickel layer, copper layer, and nickel layer in the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite foil were 0.02 mm, 0.01 mm, and 0.02 mm, respectively. Mechanical property tests showed that the tensile strength of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite foil reached 695 MPa, and the interlayer bonding was tight, meeting the technical requirements for layered composite materials in fields such as new energy battery poles.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] A short-process preparation method for a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material comprises the following steps:

[0025] (1) Nickel oxide powder with a thickness of 100 mm and an average particle size of 2 μm is evenly laid on the bottom layer of the square nickel boat. A layer of copper oxide powder with a thickness of 20 mm and an average particle size of 0.2 μm is evenly covered on the nickel oxide powder layer. Finally, a layer of nickel oxide powder with a thickness of 100 mm and an average particle size of 5 μm is evenly covered on the copper oxide powder layer. The top and bottom of the square nickel boat are porous structures to facilitate gas circulation.

[0026] (2) A square nickel boat filled with nickel oxide powder and copper oxide powder was placed in a hydrogen atmosphere furnace for reduction sintering at a hydrogen flow rate of 5 L / min, a reduction sintering temperature of 700 °C, and a holding time of 90 min to obtain a nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite slab;

[0027] (3) The sintered nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite sheet was directly rolled and finally processed into a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite foil through multiple cold rolling processes. The thicknesses of the nickel layer, copper layer, and nickel layer in the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite foil were 0.2 mm, 0.06 mm, and 0.2 mm, respectively. Mechanical property testing showed that the tensile strength of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite foil reached 492 MPa, and the interlayer bonding was tight, meeting the technical requirements for layered composite materials in fields such as new energy battery poles.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] A short-process preparation method for a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material comprises the following steps:

[0030] (1) Nickel oxide powder with a thickness of 60 mm and an average particle size of 5 μm is evenly laid on the bottom layer of the square nickel boat. A layer of copper oxide powder with a thickness of 20 mm and an average particle size of 5 μm is evenly covered on the nickel oxide powder layer. Finally, a layer of nickel oxide powder with a thickness of 60 mm and an average particle size of 2 μm is evenly covered on the copper oxide powder layer. The top and bottom of the square nickel boat are porous structures to facilitate gas circulation.

[0031] (2) A square nickel boat filled with nickel oxide powder and copper oxide powder was placed in a hydrogen atmosphere furnace for reduction sintering at a hydrogen flow rate of 3 L / min, a reduction sintering temperature of 900 °C, and a holding time of 30 min to obtain a nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite slab;

[0032] (3) The sintered nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite sheet was directly rolled, and finally a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite foil was produced through multiple cold rolling processes. The thicknesses of the nickel layer, copper layer, and nickel layer in the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite foil were 0.1 mm, 0.05 mm, and 0.1 mm, respectively. Mechanical property tests showed that the tensile strength of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite foil reached 580 MPa, and the interlayer bonding was very tight, meeting the technical requirements for layered composite materials in fields such as new energy battery poles.

[0033] The present invention evenly spreads nickel oxide powder on the lower layer of a square nickel boat, evenly covers the nickel oxide powder layer with a layer of copper oxide powder, and finally evenly covers the copper oxide powder layer with a layer of nickel oxide powder. The top and bottom of the square nickel boat are porous structures to facilitate gas circulation. The square nickel boat is placed in a hydrogen atmosphere furnace for reduction sintering to obtain a nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite slab. After sintering, it is directly rolled, and finally, a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material foil is produced through cold rolling. The present invention reduces and sinters ultrafine nickel oxide powder and copper oxide powder in hydrogen to obtain ultrafine-grained nickel and copper layers. The nickel and copper layers achieve strong metallurgical bonding at the atomic level through sintering and diffusion. After sintering, it is directly rolled without the need for re-preheating the slab, saving energy, shortening the production cycle, and significantly improving production efficiency.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short-process preparation method for nickel-copper-nickel layered composite materials, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Nickel oxide powder is evenly spread on the bottom layer of a square nickel boat, a layer of copper oxide powder is evenly covered on the nickel oxide powder layer, and a layer of nickel oxide powder is evenly covered on the copper oxide powder layer. The top and bottom of the square nickel boat are porous structures to facilitate gas circulation; (2) placing a square nickel boat filled with nickel oxide powder and copper oxide powder in a hydrogen atmosphere furnace for reduction sintering to obtain a nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite slab; (3) The sintered nickel-copper-nickel three-layer composite sheet is directly rolled, and finally a nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material foil is obtained by cold rolling.

2. The short-process preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average particle size of the nickel oxide powder and the copper oxide powder in step (1) is 0.2-5 μm.

3. The short-process preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness ratio of the single-layer nickel oxide powder layer to the copper oxide powder layer in step (1) is 1:1 to 5:

1.

4. The short-process preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen flow rate in step (2) is 1~5 L / min.

5. The short-process preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction sintering temperature in step (2) is 500-900°C, and the holding time is 30-180 min.

6. The short-process preparation method of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the nickel-copper-nickel layered composite material foil in step (3) is 0.05-0.5 mm.