Electric vehicle protection system and electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an electric vehicle protection system and an electric vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles. The electric vehicle protection system comprises a main loop, a charging loop, a heating loop, a first converter and a battery pack; the heating loop comprises a first temperature control switch and a heating device, the first temperature control switch detects the temperature of the battery pack, the first temperature control switch is a temperature control normally-closed switch, and the heating device heats the battery pack; the first temperature control switch and the second temperature control switch are both used for detecting the temperature of the battery pack and are both temperature control normally-closed switches, and the action temperature of the first temperature control switch is lower than that of the second temperature control switch; during charging, when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the heating loop is powered on; when the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the heating loop is powered off; when the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is switched off, the first converter loses power, and the main loop, the secondary loop and the charging loop loses power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular to an electric vehicle protection system and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Spontaneous combustion of battery pack circuits is very common in two-wheeled and three-wheeled electric vehicles. In the battery pack circuit, the battery pack is an energy source, and other components on the vehicle are power-consuming devices or charging devices. When the power-consuming devices or charging devices are connected to the battery pack, the battery pack will enter the charging or discharging process. Once the system is short-circuited or overcharged, resulting in thermal runaway of the battery pack, it is very easy to cause spontaneous combustion.

[0003] At the same time, low temperature environment has a great impact on the capacity of the battery pack, so it is necessary to heat and keep the battery pack warm. However, when heating and keeping the battery pack warm, there is a risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack. Summary of the invention

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electric vehicle protection system, including a controller, a primary circuit, a secondary circuit, a charging circuit, a heating circuit, a first converter, and a battery pack;

[0005] The charging circuit includes a charging port, the charging port includes a first signal terminal, the first signal terminal is connected to a control signal input terminal of a first converter, and the first converter also includes a DC output terminal;

[0006] The heating circuit includes a first temperature control switch and a heating device, the first temperature control switch detects the temperature of the battery pack, the first temperature control switch is a temperature control normally closed switch, the heating device heats the battery pack, and the first converter supplies power to the heating device through a DC output terminal;

[0007] It also includes a second temperature control switch, which detects the temperature of the battery pack, and the second temperature control switch is a temperature-controlled normally closed switch, and the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch is lower than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch;

[0008] During charging, the first converter starts and the charging circuit is energized. When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the first temperature control switch is closed and the heating circuit is energized. When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the first temperature control switch is disconnected and the heating circuit is de-energized. When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is disconnected, the first converter is de-energized, and the main circuit, secondary circuit and charging circuit are de-energized.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, a battery pack temperature detection device is further included, and the battery pack temperature detection device transmits the detected battery pack temperature to the charger, and the charger adjusts the output parameters according to the received battery pack temperature.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the battery pack temperature detection device is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, the charging port includes a second signal terminal, and the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected to the second signal terminal.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the operating temperature of the first temperature-controlled switch is 25°, and the operating temperature of the second temperature-controlled switch is 55°.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the charging circuit also includes a first relay, and the first converter controls the first relay. When the first converter is powered on, the first relay is powered on and closed, and the charging circuit is powered on; when the first converter is powered off, the first relay is powered off and opened, and the charging circuit is powered off.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the negative terminal of the charging port is connected to the anti-theft signal input terminal of the controller. The anti-theft signal is valid at a low level. In the charging state, the first relay is energized and closed. When the main circuit is disconnected, the anti-theft signal is at a high level; when the main circuit is connected, the anti-theft signal is at a low level.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the charging port receives a charger plug, a positive control trigger terminal of the charger plug is short-circuited with the positive pole, and when the charger plug is inserted into the charging port, the first converter starts and obtains power from the first battery pack.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, a second converter is further included, and the second converter is powered by a battery pack through an electric door lock switch;

[0016] The main circuit includes a second relay, and the second converter controls the second relay;

[0017] In riding state, the electric door lock switch is closed, and when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is closed, the second converter is energized and started, the second relay is energized, and the main circuit is energized;

[0018] When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is disconnected, the second converter loses power, the second relay loses power, and the main circuit loses power.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the main circuit further includes a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, and during the charging process, when the second relay loses power, the main circuit discharges a small current through the positive temperature coefficient thermistor;

[0020] In the static state, the charging port and the electric door lock switch are not connected, the first converter and the second converter are both powered off, and the main circuit is discharged only through the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electric vehicle, comprising the electric vehicle protection system of any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0022] The electric vehicle protection system provided by the present invention is provided with a heating device for heating the battery pack, a first temperature control switch is provided in the heating circuit, and a first converter is provided to power the heating circuit. In the charging state, when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the heating circuit is powered, and the heating device can heat the battery pack; when the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the first temperature control switch is automatically disconnected, the heating circuit is powered off, and the heating device no longer heats the battery pack. Thus, during the charging process, the temperature of the battery pack can be heated to the set temperature, and the temperature of the battery pack can be prevented from being too high. Moreover, the temperature control switch is used as a control element, which does not rely on additional circuits, has a simpler structure, and a more stable effect.

[0023] In the electric vehicle protection system provided by the present invention, a second temperature control switch is further provided as a protection switch for battery pack overheating. When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is closed, and the main circuit, the secondary circuit and the charging circuit can all be powered. During charging, the charging circuit can be powered and the charging circuit can charge the battery pack. When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is disconnected, and the main circuit, the secondary circuit and the charging circuit all lose power, thereby avoiding charging the battery pack when the battery pack is overheated, and avoiding starting electrical components such as motors when the battery pack is overheated, thereby avoiding the risk of spontaneous combustion of the battery when the battery pack is overheated.

[0024] In the electric vehicle protection system provided by the present invention, both the first temperature control switch and the second temperature control switch use temperature control switches as control elements, do not rely on additional circuits, have a simpler structure, and have a more stable effect. The operating temperature of the second temperature control switch is higher than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, ensuring that the heating circuit has lost power before the battery pack overheats, and the heating circuit will not continue to heat the battery when the battery is overheated. At the same time, when the second temperature control switch is disconnected, the first converter will lose power. Even when the first temperature control switch fails and is in a closed state, due to the loss of power to the first converter, the heating circuit will not have power input, and the heating circuit will not heat the battery.

[0025] The electric vehicle provided by the present invention, including the above-mentioned electric vehicle protection system, also has the above-mentioned beneficial effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of an electric vehicle protection system in the prior art;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the principle of an electric vehicle protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an electric vehicle protection system in the prior art. Figure 1 As shown, the motor is the power unit of the electric vehicle, the controller is the component that drives the motor, and the converter is a power source that converts the battery voltage into 12V to power secondary circuit components such as lamps and speakers. In the figure, BAT+ is the power supply end of the converter, and ACC is the start signal.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the principle of an electric vehicle protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a controller, a main circuit, a secondary circuit, a charging circuit, a heating circuit, a first converter and a battery pack; the charging circuit includes a charging port, the charging port includes a first signal terminal, the first signal terminal is connected to the control signal input terminal of the first converter, and the first converter also includes a DC output terminal; the heating circuit includes a first temperature control switch and a heating device, the first temperature control switch detects the temperature of the battery pack, the first temperature control switch is a temperature control normally closed switch, the heating device heats the battery pack, and the first converter supplies power to the heating device through the DC output terminal; and also includes a second The temperature control switch and the second temperature control switch detect the temperature of the battery pack. The second temperature control switch is a temperature control normally closed switch. The operating temperature of the first temperature control switch is lower than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch. When charging, the first converter is started and the charging circuit is energized. When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the first temperature control switch is closed and the heating circuit is energized. When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the first temperature control switch is disconnected and the heating circuit is de-energized. When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is disconnected, the first converter is de-energized, and the main circuit, the secondary circuit and the charging circuit are de-energized.

[0033] The electric vehicle protection system provided in this embodiment is provided with a heating device for heating the battery pack, a first temperature control switch is provided in the heating circuit, and a first converter is provided to power the heating circuit. In the charging state, when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the heating circuit is powered, and the heating device can heat the battery pack; when the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, the first temperature control switch is automatically disconnected, the heating circuit is powered off, and the heating device no longer heats the battery pack. Thus, during the charging process, the temperature of the battery pack can be heated to the set temperature, and the temperature of the battery pack can be prevented from being too high. Moreover, the temperature control switch is used as a control element, which does not rely on additional circuits, has a simpler structure, and a more stable effect.

[0034] In the electric vehicle protection system provided in the present embodiment, a second temperature control switch is further provided as a protection switch for battery pack overheating. When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is closed, and the main circuit, the secondary circuit and the charging circuit can all be powered. During charging, the charging circuit can be powered and the charging circuit can charge the battery pack. When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is disconnected, and the main circuit, the secondary circuit and the charging circuit all lose power, thereby avoiding charging the battery pack when the battery pack is overheated, and avoiding starting electrical components such as motors when the battery pack is overheated, thereby avoiding the risk of spontaneous combustion of the battery when the battery pack is overheated.

[0035] In the electric vehicle protection system provided by this embodiment, both the first temperature control switch and the second temperature control switch use temperature control switches as control elements, do not rely on additional circuits, have a simpler structure, and have a more stable effect. The operating temperature of the second temperature control switch is higher than the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch, ensuring that the heating circuit has lost power before the battery pack overheats, and the heating circuit will not continue to heat the battery when the battery is overheated. At the same time, when the second temperature control switch is disconnected, the first converter will lose power. Even when the first temperature control switch fails and is in a closed state, due to the loss of power to the first converter, the heating circuit will not have power input, and the heating circuit will not heat the battery.

[0036] In some embodiments, the electric vehicle protection system further includes a battery pack temperature detection device, which transmits the detected battery pack temperature to the charger, and the charger adjusts output parameters according to the received battery pack temperature.

[0037] The output parameters adjusted by the charger may include voltage and / or current, thereby adjusting the output power, which can prevent the battery from swelling or expanding during the charging process.

[0038] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the battery pack temperature detection device is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor. Figure 2 It is expressed as NTC, which means Negative Temperature Coefficient.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the charging port includes a second signal terminal, a negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected to the second signal terminal, the battery temperature information is transmitted to the charger through the second signal terminal, and the charger then adjusts the output parameters according to the received battery pack temperature.

[0040] In current electric vehicles, a charging port using a lead-acid battery generally has two signal terminals, and a charging port using a lithium battery generally has four signal terminals. The above embodiment including the first signal terminal and the second signal terminal has wide applicability.

[0041] In some embodiments, the operating temperature of the first temperature control switch is 25°, and the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch is 55°. 25°C is the ideal operating temperature of the battery, especially the ideal operating temperature of the lithium-ion battery. When the battery reaches 25°, it can achieve the advantages of increasing battery capacity, enhancing charging power, reducing the risk of permanent damage, optimizing cycle life, and improving safety performance.

[0042] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the charging circuit also includes a first relay, and the first converter controls the first relay. When the first converter is powered, the first relay is powered and closed, and the charging circuit is powered; when the first converter is powered off, the first relay is powered off and disconnected, and the charging circuit is powered off. Both the charging circuit and the heating circuit are powered through the 12V output signal terminal of the first converter.

[0043] In some embodiments, the negative terminal of the charging port is connected to the anti-theft signal input terminal of the controller. The anti-theft signal is valid at a low level. In the charging state, the first relay is energized and closed. When the main circuit is disconnected, the anti-theft signal is at a high level; when the main circuit is connected, the anti-theft signal is at a low level.

[0044] In the prior art, Figure 1 As shown, the anti-theft signal is a signal output by the integrated instrument to the controller in order to lock the motor, and can only be output by the integrated instrument to the controller.

[0045] Connect the negative terminal of the charging port to the anti-theft signal input terminal of the controller. In the charging state, when the main circuit is connected, the electric door lock switch is generally closed, that is, turn on the switch in the charging state to start the electric vehicle. At this time, the controller will also receive the anti-theft signal and issue an alarm.

[0046] In some embodiments, the charging port receives a charger plug, and the positive control trigger terminal of the charger plug is short-circuited with the positive electrode. When the charger plug is inserted into the charging port, the first converter starts and obtains power from the first battery pack. BAT+ of the first converter represents the power supply terminal, and ACC represents the start signal.

[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, a second converter is also included, and the second converter is powered by the battery pack through the electric door lock switch;

[0048] The main circuit includes a second relay, and the second converter controls the second relay;

[0049] In riding state, the electric door lock switch is closed, and when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is closed, the second converter is energized and started, the second relay is energized, and the main circuit is energized;

[0050] When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is disconnected, the second converter loses power, the second relay loses power, and the main circuit loses power.

[0051] The first converter is responsible for the control of the charging circuit and the heating circuit, and the second converter is responsible for the control of electrical components such as speakers and lamps. Figure 2 As shown, when the electric door lock is closed, the second converter can be powered by the battery pack, and the 12V output end of the second converter can supply power to lamps, speakers and other devices. At the same time, the control end of the second relay is powered by the second converter, the second relay is closed, and the main circuit is connected.

[0052] In some embodiments, the main circuit further includes a positive temperature coefficient thermistor. During the charging process, when the second relay loses power, the main circuit discharges a small current through the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.

[0053] In the static state, the charging port and the electric door lock switch are not connected, the first converter and the second converter are both powered off, and the main circuit is discharged only through the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is expressed as PTC, which stands for Positive Temperature Coefficient. The positive temperature coefficient thermistor can only pass a small current. When the current is large, the positive temperature coefficient thermistor quickly heats up and the resistance value increases rapidly, disconnecting the battery pack from the rear-end powered components.

[0055] In some embodiments, the heating device may be a heating wire, and the heating wire may be disposed in the battery compartment to heat the battery device.

[0056] The wheel signal is the signal (AC signal) fed back by the controller to the integrated instrument. The battery pack is mainly lead-acid battery, lithium battery, sodium battery. The motor is driven by the three-phase line, the motor rotation mode is identified by the motor Hall feedback, and the input signals such as the brake handle, the throttle, and the mode button are used for control. The motor is the power device of the whole vehicle, which is a permanent magnet synchronous inner rotor or outer rotor hub motor here; the motor is the power device of the whole vehicle, which is a permanent magnet synchronous inner rotor or outer rotor hub motor here.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an electric vehicle, including the electric vehicle protection system of embodiment 1 and any of the other embodiments. After adopting the electric vehicle protection system, the electric vehicle can also have the above advantages and effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0059] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0060] In addition, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0061] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.

[0062] It should be noted that if the function is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product, or in other words, the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM) random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0063] In this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, but do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0064] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle protection system, characterized in that: It includes a controller, a primary circuit, a secondary circuit, a charging circuit, a heating circuit, a first converter and a battery pack; The charging circuit includes a charging port, the charging port includes a first signal terminal, the first signal terminal is connected to a control signal input terminal of a first converter, and the first converter also includes a DC output terminal; The heating circuit includes a first temperature-controlled switch and a heating device, the first temperature-controlled switch detects the temperature of the battery pack, the first temperature-controlled switch is a temperature-controlled normally closed switch, the heating device heats the battery pack, and the first converter supplies power to the heating device through a DC output terminal; It also includes a second temperature-controlled switch, which detects the temperature of the battery pack, the second temperature-controlled switch is a temperature-controlled normally closed switch, and the operating temperature of the first temperature-controlled switch is lower than the operating temperature of the second temperature-controlled switch; During charging, the first converter starts and the charging circuit is energized. When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the first temperature-controlled switch, the first temperature-controlled switch is closed and the heating circuit is energized. When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the first temperature-controlled switch, the first temperature-controlled switch is disconnected and the heating circuit is de-energized. When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the second temperature-controlled switch, the second temperature-controlled switch is disconnected, the first converter is de-energized, and the main circuit, the secondary circuit and the charging circuit are de-energized.

2. The electric vehicle protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a battery pack temperature detection device, which transmits the detected battery pack temperature to the charger, and the charger adjusts the output parameters according to the received battery pack temperature.

3. The electric vehicle protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery pack temperature detection device is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, the charging port includes a second signal terminal, and the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected to the second signal terminal.

4. The electric vehicle protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating temperature of the first temperature-controlled switch is 25°, and the operating temperature of the second temperature-controlled switch is 55°.

5. The electric vehicle protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit also includes a first relay, and the first converter controls the first relay. When the first converter is powered, the first relay is powered and closed, and the charging circuit is powered; when the first converter is powered off, the first relay is powered off and opened, and the charging circuit is powered off.

6. The electric vehicle protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The negative terminal of the charging port is connected to the anti-theft signal input terminal of the controller. The anti-theft signal is valid at a low level. In the charging state, the first relay is energized and closed. When the main circuit is disconnected, the anti-theft signal is at a high level; when the main circuit is connected, the anti-theft signal is at a low level.

7. The electric vehicle protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charging port receives a charger plug, and a positive control trigger terminal of the charger plug is short-circuited with the positive electrode. When the charger plug is inserted into the charging port, the first converter starts and obtains power from the first battery pack.

8. The electric vehicle protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a second converter, the second converter being powered from a battery pack via an electric door lock switch; The main circuit includes a second relay, and the second converter controls the second relay; In the riding state, the electric door lock switch is closed, and when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the operating temperature of the second temperature control switch, the second temperature control switch is closed, the second converter is energized and started, the second relay is energized, and the main circuit is energized; When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the operating temperature of the second temperature-controlled switch, the second temperature-controlled switch is disconnected, the second converter loses power, the second relay loses power, and the main circuit loses power.

9. The electric vehicle protection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main circuit also includes a positive temperature coefficient thermistor. During the charging process, when the second relay loses power, the main circuit discharges a small current through the positive temperature coefficient thermistor. In the static state, the charging port and the electric door lock switch are not connected, the first converter and the second converter are both powered off, and the main circuit is discharged only through the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle protection system comprises the electric vehicle protection system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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