Biological prevention and control method for cuscuta pullorata bloom in water source reservoir in South China

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological prevention and control method for cuscuta praeparata bloom in a water source reservoir in south China. The biological prevention and control method comprises the following steps: S1, grading the degree of the bloom; s2, construction of prevention and control units; s3, construction of a prevention and treatment system; s4, prevention and treatment system maintenance. According to the biological prevention and control method for the cuscuta lavigillata water bloom in the water source reservoir in the south China, the characteristics that the common cuscuta lavigillata water bloom in the water source reservoir in the south China is effectively prevented and controlled through the biological prevention and control method, and dispersive distribution of the cuscuta lavigillata water bloom is achieved are utilized, and a comprehensive prevention and control system of a gabion net and bellamya is provided; the safety of an ecological system can be maintained while water supply safety of a water source reservoir is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water environment management, and in particular to a biological control method for water blooms of Acanthopanax rapae in water source reservoirs in South China. Background Art

[0002] Eutrophication of water bodies and algae blooms are common ecological and environmental problems around the world. Eutrophic water bodies are prone to algae blooms under suitable meteorological and hydrological conditions.

[0003] In recent years, subtropical water source reservoirs in South my country have become increasingly problematic due to the impact of extreme climate change and human activities. Blooms of cyanobacteria, especially those of Acanthopanax rafale (also known as Pseudocylindrocystis rafale), are a representative of diffuse algal blooms. Traditional mechanical salvage and algae removal methods cannot effectively control the blooms caused by this type of algae.

[0004] It is generally believed internationally that A. lagerstroemia is a tropical species that originated in Africa and has now spread to subtropical and temperate regions around the world. Since 2000, A. lagerstroemia blooms have occurred in many reservoir-type drinking water sources in southeastern China. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early warning before the formation of blooms are critical for the prevention and control of cyanobacterial blooms. The distribution pattern of A. lagerstroemia in water source reservoirs is evenly distributed in the water, unlike other cyanobacterial blooms, such as the more common Microcystis, which float on the water surface. Therefore, the management of A. lagerstroemia blooms is more complicated and difficult to eradicate. At present, no researchers have conducted in-depth research on the use of snails to control A. lagerstroemia, and no effective biological control technology has been developed for A. lagerstroemia blooms in water source reservoirs in South China. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a biological control method for blooms of Acanthopanax lapilli in water source reservoirs in South China.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A biological control method for the bloom of Lacrocephalus in water source reservoirs in South China comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Classification of algal bloom degree: Determine the density of Acutus lapilli and the concentration of chlorophyll a in the area where Acutus lapilli bloom occurs in the source water reservoir to be treated, and classify the algal bloom degree into 5 levels from I to V according to the density and chlorophyll a concentration values ​​of Acutus lapilli;

[0009] S2. Construction of prevention and control unit: Put the ring-edge snails into the gabion mesh, and then connect several gabions in series. The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.5-1m, and the volume of the gabion mesh is 1-2m 3The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6000 to 8000 / m 3 , and placed vertically into the water source reservoir until the lowest gabion is located at the bottom of the water source reservoir, forming a prevention and control unit;

[0010] S3. Construction of prevention and control system: In the area where the Lasiosaurus bloom occurs, the area with a water depth greater than 2m is used as the effective prevention and control area of ​​the water source reservoir, and a number of prevention and control units are evenly arranged in the effective prevention and control area, with a density of 3 to 8m 2 / indivual;

[0011] S4. Maintenance of the prevention and control system: Replace the ring-edge snails in the gabion mesh every 4 to 6 hours for 24 to 48 hours, and then re-test the algal bloom level in the water source reservoir every 3 to 5 days.

[0012] Furthermore, the standards for the classification of algal bloom levels in S1 are:

[0013] Level I: 1×10 7 <D<2.5×10 7 , 50<C<60;

[0014] Level II: 2.5×10 7 <D<5×10 7 , 60<C<75;

[0015] Level III: 5×10 7 <D<7.5×10 7 , 75<C<90;

[0016] Level IV: 7.5×10 7 <D<1×10 8 , 90<C<100;

[0017] V level: D>1×10 8 , C>100;

[0018] Wherein, D represents the density of Acanthocephalum, in cells / L; C represents the concentration of chlorophyll a, in μg / L.

[0019] Description: By introducing the current standards for the classification of water bloom levels as a reference basis and revising the water bloom level standards according to the actual water bloom situation of the Lasiospermum in the present invention, a complete set of water bloom level classification standards is obtained, so that the present invention has a certain theoretical basis and the method is more scientific and reasonable.

[0020] Furthermore, in S2 and S3, specific parameters are adjusted within a given range according to the degree of algal bloom, as follows:

[0021] Level I: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.8 to 1m, and the volume of the gabion is 1 to 1.2m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6000-6400 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 7 to 8 m 2 / indivual;

[0022] Level II: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.6-0.8m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.2-1.4m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6400-6800 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 6 to 7 m 2 / indivual;

[0023] Level III: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.5-0.7m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.4-1.6m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6800-7200 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 5 to 6 m 2 / indivual;

[0024] Level IV: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.6-0.8m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.6-1.8m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 7200-7600 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 4 to 5 m 2 / indivual;

[0025] Grade V: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.8 to 1m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.8 to 2m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 7600-8000 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 3 to 4 m 2 / indivual.

[0026] Note: Based on the standards for the classification of water bloom levels, we have formulated different prevention and control methods according to the degree of water bloom. Among them, the spacing, volume, number of snails and density of the gabion mesh are integrated, and are not a simple increasing or decreasing relationship. Ultimately, a set of highly targeted prevention and control systems are formed to make the most efficient, reasonable and low-cost prevention and control measures for different levels of water bloom.

[0027] Furthermore, the ring-edge snail is an individual that survived after 3 to 5 days of starvation treatment, and the shell height is 3 to 4 cm.

[0028] Note: The starved snails can be placed in the same water area where no algal bloom occurs, and placed in a gabion group of specified specifications in advance. When needed, they can be transferred as a whole to improve work efficiency.

[0029] Furthermore, the ring-edge snail is a copper-rust ring-edge snail.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] (1) The present invention provides a biological control method for the bloom of Lacrocephalus in water source reservoirs in South China. The biological control method is used to effectively control the bloom of Lacrocephalus, which is common in water source reservoirs in South China. According to the characteristics of the diffuse distribution of the bloom of Lacrocephalus, a comprehensive control system of gabions and ring-edge snails is provided, which can not only ensure the water supply safety of the water source reservoir but also maintain the balance and stability of the reservoir ecosystem.

[0032] (2) The biological control method of the Laercephalus bloom in the water source reservoirs in South China is based on the standard classification of the bloom degree. We have formulated different control methods according to the bloom degree. Among them, the spacing, volume, number of snails and density of the gabion mesh are integrated, and are not a simple increasing or decreasing relationship. Ultimately, a set of highly targeted control system is formed to make the most efficient, reasonable and low-cost control measures for different bloom degree levels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The F in the three groups of experiments in the experimental examples of the present invention V / F M The amount of change over time;

[0034] Figure 2 is the change of Chl-a over time in the three groups of experiments in the experimental examples of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is the initial water quality condition in the three groups of experiments in the experimental examples of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is the water quality condition after 4 hours of treatment in the three groups of experiments in the experimental examples of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A biological control method for the bloom of Lacrocephalus in water source reservoirs in South China comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1. Classification of algal bloom degree: Determine the density of Acutus lapilli and the concentration of chlorophyll a in the area where Acutus lapilli bloom occurs in the source water reservoir to be treated, and classify the algal bloom degree into 5 levels from I to V according to the density and chlorophyll a concentration values ​​of Acutus lapilli;

[0040] The standards for the classification of algal bloom levels are:

[0041] Level I: 1×10 7 <D<2.5×10 7 , 50<C<60;

[0042] Level II: 2.5×10 7 <D<5×10 7 , 60<C<75;

[0043] Level III: 5×10 7 <D<7.5×10 7 , 75<C<90;

[0044] Level IV: 7.5×10 7 <D<1×10 8 , 90<C<100;

[0045] V level: D>1×10 8 , C>100;

[0046] Where D represents the density of Acanthocephalum serrata, in cells / L; C represents the concentration of chlorophyll a, in μg / L;

[0047] S2. Construction of prevention and control unit: Put the ring-edge snails into the gabion mesh, and then connect several gabions in series. The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.6-0.9m, and the volume of the gabion mesh is 1.1-1.9m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6200 to 7800 / m 3 , and placed vertically into the water source reservoir until the lowest gabion is located at the bottom of the water source reservoir, forming a prevention and control unit;

[0048] The ring-shaped snails are individuals that survived after 4 days of starvation treatment. The shell height is 3.5 cm. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the ring-shaped snails are in good condition: touch the soft tissue part of the snail with tweezers, and it will shrink sensitively;

[0049] The ring-edge snail is a copper-rust ring-edge snail;

[0050] S3. Construction of prevention and control system: In the area where the Lasiosaurus bloom occurs, the area with a water depth greater than 2m is used as the effective prevention and control area of ​​the water source reservoir. Several prevention and control units are evenly arranged in the effective prevention and control area, and the arrangement density of the prevention and control units is 3 to 8m 2 / indivual;

[0051] In S2 and S3, specific parameters are adjusted within the given ranges according to the bloom severity level, as follows:

[0052] Level I: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.9m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.1m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 6200 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 8m 2 / indivual;

[0053] Level II: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.7m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.3m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 6600 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 6m 2 / indivual;

[0054] Level III: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.6m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.5m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 7000 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 6m 2 / indivual;

[0055] Level IV: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.7m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.7m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 7400 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 5m 2 / indivual;

[0056] Grade V: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.9m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.9m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 7800 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 3m 2 / indivual;

[0057] S4. Maintenance of the prevention and control system: Replace the ring-edge snails in the gabion mesh every 5 hours for 36 hours, and then re-test the algal bloom level in the water source reservoir every 4 days.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the specific parameter selection is different.

[0060] S2. Construction of prevention and control unit: Put the ring-edge snails into the gabion mesh, and then connect several gabions in series. The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.5-0.8m, and the volume of the gabion mesh is 1-1.8m. 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6000-7600 / m 3 , and placed vertically into the water source reservoir until the lowest gabion is located at the bottom of the water source reservoir, forming a prevention and control unit;

[0061] S3. Construction of prevention and control system: In the area where the Lasiosaurus bloom occurs, the area with a water depth greater than 2m is used as the effective prevention and control area of ​​the water source reservoir. Several prevention and control units are evenly arranged in the effective prevention and control area, and the arrangement density of the prevention and control units is 3 to 7m 2 / indivual;

[0062] In S2 and S3, specific parameters are adjusted within the given ranges according to the bloom severity level, as follows:

[0063] Level I: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.8m, and the volume of the gabion is 1m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 6000 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 7m 2 / indivual;

[0064] Level II: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.6m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.2m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 6400 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 6m 2 / indivual;

[0065] Level III: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.5m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.4m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 6800 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 5m 2 / indivual;

[0066] Level IV: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.6m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.6m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 7200 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 4m 2 / indivual;

[0067] Grade V: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.8m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.8m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 7600 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 3m 2 / indivual.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the specific parameter selection is different.

[0070] S2. Construction of prevention and control unit: Put the ring-edge snails into the gabion mesh, and then connect several gabions in series. The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.7-1m, and the volume of the gabion mesh is 1.2-2m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6400 to 8000 / m 3 , and placed vertically into the water source reservoir until the lowest gabion is located at the bottom of the water source reservoir, forming a prevention and control unit;

[0071] S3. Construction of prevention and control system: In the area where the Lasiosaurus bloom occurs, the area with a water depth greater than 2m is used as the effective prevention and control area of ​​the water source reservoir. Several prevention and control units are evenly arranged in the effective prevention and control area, and the arrangement density of the prevention and control units is 4 to 8m 2 / indivual;

[0072] In S2 and S3, specific parameters are adjusted within the given ranges according to the bloom severity level, as follows:

[0073] Level I: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 1m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.2m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 6400 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 8m 2 / indivual;

[0074] Level II: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.8m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.4m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 6800 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 7m 2 / indivual;

[0075] Level III: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.7m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.6m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 7200 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 6m 2 / indivual;

[0076] Level IV: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.8m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.8m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 7600 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 5m 2 / indivual;

[0077] Grade V: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 1m, and the volume of the gabion is 2m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 8000 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 4m2 / indivual.

[0078] Example 4

[0079] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the specific parameter selection is different.

[0080] The ring-shaped snails are individuals that survived three days of starvation treatment, and their shell height is 3 cm.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the specific parameter selection is different.

[0083] The ring-shaped snail is an individual that survived 5 days of starvation treatment, and its shell height is 4 cm.

[0084] Example 6

[0085] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the specific parameter selection is different.

[0086] S4. Maintenance of the prevention and control system: Replace the ring-edge snails in the gabion mesh every 4 hours for 24 hours, and then re-test the algal bloom level in the water source reservoir every 3 days.

[0087] Example 7

[0088] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the specific parameter selection is different.

[0089] S4. Maintenance of the prevention and control system: Replace the ring-edge snails in the gabion mesh every 6 hours for 48 hours, and then re-test the algal bloom level in the water source reservoir every 5 days.

[0090] Note: In Examples 1 to 7, reasonable adjustments are made according to the pollution area of ​​the water source reservoir to be treated. When the pollution area is large, the parameters in Examples 3, 5, and 7 are selected. When the pollution area is small, the parameters in Examples 2, 4, and 6 are selected.

[0091] Experimental example

[0092] We first tested the feasibility of the biological control method of the water bloom of Aculeatus latifolia in water source reservoirs in South China by indoor experiments. 400 ml of algae liquid containing Aculeatus latifolia was taken, and the initial algae cell density was 3.76×10 6 cells / ml, initial F V / F Mis 0.45, and are placed in three glass containers respectively. At the same time, two ring-edge snails are placed in glass container A, four ring-edge snails are placed in glass container B, and no ring-edge snails are placed in glass container C. The treatment is carried out for a period of time, and the treatment results are statistically analyzed for each period of time. The results are as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that after the ring-shaped snails were put in, the F V / F M The content of Chl-a and F in water decreased significantly, and the decrease was most obvious within 0-4 hours. The more the number of ring-shaped snails, the better the effect. V / F M and Chl-a content rebounded, especially in the water without the ring-shaped snails. V / F M and Chl-a contents were higher than the initial values;

[0093] from Figure 3 and Figure 4 This can also be clearly perceived through intuitive observation of water quality. Therefore, the biological control method for water blooms of Latype acuminate algae in water source reservoirs in South China of the present invention is reasonable and feasible in theory.

[0094] Then we conducted research on a real water body, which was a water source reservoir in South China. After investigation, we found that the water bloom level of the water source reservoir was Level II. Therefore, we adopted the method corresponding to the level II of the water bloom level in Example 1 for treatment:

[0095] Level II: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.7m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.3m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion is 6600 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 6m 2 / indivual;

[0096] S4. Maintenance of the prevention and control system: Replace the ring-edge snails in the gabion mesh every 5 hours for 36 hours, and then re-test the algal bloom level in the water source reservoir every 4 days.

[0097] On the fourth day after treatment, the density of the polluted area was found to be less than 0.2×10 6 , chlorophyll a concentration <1.5, and the detection was carried out on the eighth day after the treatment, and it was found that the density of La-Schizophyllum in the polluted area was <0.25×10 6 , chlorophyll a concentration is less than 2, indicating that the overall control effect is good, there is no trend of recurrence, and there is no need for further control for the time being.

Claims

1. A biological control method for the bloom of Acanthopanax lapilli in water source reservoirs in South China, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Classification of algal bloom degree: Determine the density of Acutus lapilli and the concentration of chlorophyll a in the area where Acutus lapilli bloom occurs in the source water reservoir to be treated, and classify the algal bloom degree into 5 levels from I to V according to the density and chlorophyll a concentration values ​​of Acutus lapilli; S2. Construction of prevention and control unit: Put the ring-edge snails into the gabion mesh, and then connect several gabions in series. The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.5-1m, and the volume of the gabion mesh is 1-2m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6000 to 8000 / m 3 , vertically placed in the water source reservoir until the lowest gabion is located at the bottom of the water source reservoir, forming a prevention and control unit; S3. Construction of prevention and control system: In the area where the Lasiosaurus bloom occurs, the area with a water depth greater than 2m is used as the effective prevention and control area of ​​the water source reservoir, and a number of prevention and control units are evenly arranged in the effective prevention and control area, with a density of 3 to 8m 2 / indivual; S4. Maintenance of the prevention and control system: Replace the ring-edge snails in the gabion mesh every 4 to 6 hours for 24 to 48 hours, and then re-test the algal bloom level in the water source reservoir every 3 to 5 days.

2. A biological control method for Algae blooms in water source reservoirs in South China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standards for the classification of the degree of algal bloom in S1 are: Level I: 1×10 7 <D<2.5×10 7 , 50<C<60; Level II: 2.5×10 7 <D<5×10 7 , 60<C<75; Level III: 5×10 7 <D<7.5×10 7 , 75<C<90; Level IV: 7.5×10 7 <D<1×10 8 , 90<C<100; V level: D>1×10 8 , C>100; Wherein, D represents the density of Acanthocephalum, in cells / L; C represents the concentration of chlorophyll a, in μg / L.

3. A biological control method for Algae blooms in water source reservoirs in South China according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2 and S3, specific parameters are adjusted within a given range according to the degree of algal bloom, as follows: Level I: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.8 to 1m, and the volume of the gabion is 1 to 1.2m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6000-6400 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 7 to 8 m 2 / indivual; Level II: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.6-0.8m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.2-1.4m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6400-6800 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 6 to 7 m 2 / indivual; Level III: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.5-0.7m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.4-1.6m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 6800-7200 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 5 to 6 m 2 / indivual; Level IV: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.6-0.8m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.6-1.8m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 7200-7600 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 4 to 5 m 2 / indivual; Grade V: The distance between two adjacent gabions is 0.8 to 1m, and the volume of the gabion is 1.8 to 2m 3 The number of ring-edge snails placed in a gabion mesh is 7600-8000 / m 3 The layout density of the prevention and control units is 3 to 4 m 2 / indivual.

4. The biological control method for the bloom of Acanthopanax lapilli in water source reservoirs in South China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring-edge snails are individuals that survived after being starved for 3 to 5 days, and their shell height is 3 to 4 cm.

5. The biological control method for the bloom of Acanthopanax lapilli in water source reservoirs in South China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring-edge snail is a copper rust ring-edge snail.

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