Fabricated bolt-sphere joint flexible jacket offshore wind turbine and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fabricated bolt-sphere joint flexible jacket offshore wind turbine and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of ocean engineering equipment.The fabricated bolt-sphere joint flexible jacket offshore wind turbine comprises a jacket, a mounting base, a tower drum, a cabin and blades, and the jacket is in a regular quadrangular frustum pyramid shape and comprises a platform, lower supporting legs and a plurality of jacket single bodies; all the jacket single bodies are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode from top to bottom and fixedly connected. The platform is arranged at the top of the first secondary jacket single body, each jacket single body comprises four jacket supporting legs located on four edges of the jacket, and any two adjacent jacket supporting legs are fixedly connected through an X-shaped connecting body. The X-shaped connecting body comprises a bolt ball and two sets of inclined struts, each set of inclined struts comprises two inclined struts, one end of each inclined strut is fixedly connected with the corresponding guide pipe supporting leg, and the other end of each inclined strut is detachably and fixedly connected with the bolt ball through a high-strength bolt assembly. Bolt-sphere joints are adopted to replace cross support welding joints, high-frequency response under dynamic loads is relieved, the jacket can be locally replaced after being damaged, and the underwater repair difficulty is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering equipment, and in particular to an assembled bolt-ball node flexible conductor frame offshore wind turbine and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the jacket foundation of offshore wind turbines is mainly divided into two types: fixed foundation and floating foundation. Since the floating foundation technology is not yet mature and the cost is relatively high, it is still relatively limited in practical applications. Therefore, fixed foundations are still the mainstream form of offshore wind turbines. Fixed foundations mainly include gravity type, single pile type, tripod and jacket. The traditional jacket foundation adopts integral welding connection, which has high rigidity, high vibration frequency and large residual stress, making the support intersection a weak point. Under the action of dynamic loads, the risk of weld cracking and support fracture increases significantly, which poses a huge threat to the safe operation of offshore wind turbines.

[0003] The nacelle, rotor and other superstructures of offshore wind turbines are of large mass and unevenly distributed. In addition, the wind turbines are subjected to wind thrust during service, and the tower is in an eccentric stress state for a long time. Under stress, the higher the tower, the greater the bending moment at its bottom, and the worse the stability. In severe cases, it may cause the tower to break and collapse, which poses a great hidden danger to safe operation. Under the current technical background, traditional wind turbines are insufficient in ductility and redundancy, with high repair costs and a lack of effective shock absorption technology and design methods. As wind turbines gradually increase in size, the distribution of their mass and stiffness becomes more uneven and asymmetric, and the uncertainty of the impact loads, wind loads and seismic loads they face also increases.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with application number 201520772145.3 proposes an offshore wind turbine assembled inclined pile foundation. Although it has strong bearing capacity and high reliability, the invention is a one-time installation and cannot be replaced, and the cost is relatively high. The Chinese invention patent with application number 201910655112.3 proposes a pile-barrel composite truss offshore wind turbine foundation. Although it takes into account the pile-barrel composite truss offshore wind turbine, it has higher stability and bearing capacity, but the invention does not apply replaceable nodes. The Chinese invention patent with application number 202020855692.9 proposes an offshore wind turbine foundation and offshore wind turbine components. Although they can be produced in a standardized manner, which is conducive to improving production efficiency and reducing manufacturing costs, the equipment cannot be replaced if the parts are damaged. The Chinese invention patent with application number 202311182353.3 proposes a method for manufacturing an assembled tough defense jacket offshore wind turbine. Although the trusses and core tubes enable the offshore wind turbine to form multiple defense barriers and improve the safety reserve of the structure, the nodes of this method do not use spherical nodes, and damaged components cannot be replaced.

[0005] The existing traditional wind turbines have insufficient ductility and low redundancy, resulting in poor repairability after damage, high repair costs and lack of effective shock absorption technology and design methods. At present, wind turbines are getting larger and larger, with uneven and asymmetric distribution of mass and stiffness. The impact loads, wind loads and seismic loads they face are highly uncertain, and the structure tends to develop in the direction of low-frequency flexible towers. The foundation of the traditional offshore wind turbine is connected by integral welding, which has high stiffness, high vibration frequency and large residual stress. The cross-support becomes the weak point of the foundation of the jacket, and it is easy to cause weld cracking and support fracture under dynamic load. The upper structures of traditional wind turbine nacelles, rotors, etc. have large mass and uneven distribution. In addition, the wind turbine is subjected to the thrust of wind during service. The tower of the offshore wind turbine is in an eccentric stress state for a long time. The higher the tower, the greater the bending moment at the bottom, the worse the stability, and in severe cases, it will cause the tower to break and collapse. Therefore, the existing technology urgently needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, one object of the present invention is to propose an assembled bolt-ball node flexible conductor frame offshore wind turbine, so as to solve the problem that the conductor frame of the existing offshore wind turbine adopts an integral welded structure, has a high vibration frequency and large residual stress, and the welds at the intersection of supports are prone to cracking under dynamic loads, resulting in support breakage. The tower is in an eccentric stress state for a long time. The higher the tower is, the greater the bending moment generated at its bottom, the worse the stability is, and the tower is prone to breakage and collapse.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An assembled bolt ball node flexible conductor frame offshore wind turbine comprises a conductor frame, a mounting seat, a tower, a nacelle and blades. The conductor frame is in the shape of a regular quadrangular pyramid, comprising a platform, a lower support leg and a plurality of conductor frame monomers. The plurality of conductor frame monomers are stacked in sequence from top to bottom and are fixedly connected head to tail in sequence to form a whole.

[0008] The catheter rack monomer includes four catheter legs and four X-shaped connectors. The four catheter legs are respectively arranged on the four side edges of the catheter rack at a relative inclination. Any two adjacent catheter legs of the same catheter rack monomer are fixedly connected to form a planar truss structure through an X-shaped connector. The four X-shaped connectors are respectively located on the four side walls of the catheter rack.

[0009] The corresponding ends of any two adjacent duct legs on the same side edge are fixedly connected by bolts, the upper ends of the four duct legs of the first secondary duct frame monomer are fixedly connected with the bottom bolts of the platform, the mounting seat is welded to the center position of the upper surface of the platform, the lower end of the tower is detachably fixedly connected to the mounting seat, the cabin is arranged at the upper end of the tower, and a generator, a gearbox, a transformer and a control system are installed inside it, and the blades are provided with three and are regularly installed on the rotor shaft of the generator.

[0010] There are four lower legs, which are respectively arranged on the four side edges of the conductor frame. Each lower leg is coaxially arranged with all the conductor legs on the side edge where it is located. The upper ends of the four lower legs are respectively fixedly connected with the lower ends of the four conductor legs of the last conductor frame monomer with bolts.

[0011] The X-shaped connector includes a bolt ball and two groups of diagonal braces, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bolt ball. Each group of diagonal braces includes two diagonal braces arranged in a V shape. The two diagonal braces located on one side of the bolt ball are coaxially arranged with the two diagonal braces located on the other side of the bolt ball. One end of each diagonal brace is fixedly connected to the catheter leg bolt on the same side, and the other end is detachably fixedly connected to the bolt ball through a high-strength bolt assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the conduit leg is a hollow steel pipe with a circular cross-section, and an upper flange seat and a lower flange seat are fixedly installed at its upper and lower ends respectively, and the upper and lower ends of each lower leg are respectively installed with the same upper flange seat and lower flange seat.

[0013] An annular rubber gasket is provided between each lower flange seat and the upper flange seat adjacent thereto; the lower flange seat of each conduit leg is fixedly connected to the upper flange seat of the adjacent conduit leg thereto by a set of bolts; the same annular rubber gasket is provided between the upper flange seat of each conduit leg of the first-order conduit frame unit and the bottom of the platform, and is fixedly connected by the same set of bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, the platform includes a square steel plate and a reinforcing rib frame, wherein the reinforcing rib frame is located at the bottom of the square steel plate and is fixedly welded to the square steel plate to form a whole.

[0015] A group of bolt holes is respectively formed near the four corners of the square steel plate, each group of bolt holes includes bolt holes that are equal in number to the flange holes of the upper flange seat and have corresponding positions, and each bolt hole is configured with a bolt assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, a group of stiffening ribs is respectively provided on the lower side of each upper flange seat and the upper side of each lower flange seat, and each group of stiffening ribs includes a plurality of stiffening ribs uniformly arranged in a ring shape on the periphery of the conduit leg.

[0017] The reinforcing ribs are 1 / 4 circular steel plates, one right-angle side of each reinforcing rib is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg, and the other right-angle side is fixedly welded to the bottom of the upper flange seat and the upper surface of each lower flange seat.

[0018] Furthermore, two upper node plates are provided on the outer side of the upper part of the conduit leg, the two upper node plates are close to the upper flange seat and are respectively located on adjacent sides of the regular tetrahedron, and one side of the upper node plate is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg.

[0019] Two lower node plates are provided on the outer side of the lower part of the duct leg. The two lower node plates are close to the lower flange seat and are respectively located on the same adjacent sides of the regular tetrahedron. One side of the upper node plate is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the duct leg. A group of circular holes are opened on each of the upper node plate and the lower node plate.

[0020] Furthermore, arc-shaped ribs are respectively provided between the two upper node plates and between the two lower node plates. The arc-shaped ribs are 1 / 4 circular steel plates and are arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the conduit leg. The inner side of the arc-shaped ribs is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two upper node plates or the two upper node plates as a whole.

[0021] Furthermore, the diagonal brace includes a coaxially arranged hollow steel pipe and a reducer, the large diameter end of the reducer is fixedly welded to one end of the hollow steel pipe, and the small diameter end thereof is welded to an end plate with a center hole.

[0022] A connecting plate is fixedly welded to the other end of the hollow steel pipe, and a side of the connecting plate facing away from the hollow steel pipe has a slot that matches the upper node plate or the lower node plate. During the installation process, the upper node plate enters the slot of the connecting plate located on the upper diagonal brace and is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace bolts located on the upper side, and the lower node plate enters the slot of the connecting plate located on the lower diagonal brace and is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace bolts located on the lower side.

[0023] Furthermore, the outer wall of the bolt ball is provided with bolt holes whose number is equal to the diagonal braces and whose positions correspond to each other, and the surface of the bolt ball located outside the four bolt holes is an annular plane.

[0024] The high-strength bolt assembly comprises a high-strength bolt, a hexagonal sleeve and a locking screw. The high-strength bolt is passed through the central hole of the end plate, and the bolt head thereof is located on the inner side of the reducer.

[0025] The hexagonal sleeve is located between the reducer and the bolt ball and is sleeved on the outside of the high-strength bolt. The end of the high-strength bolt away from its bolt head is screwed into the corresponding bolt hole and fixedly connected to the bolt ball. The locking screw is set on the hexagonal sleeve.

[0026] Furthermore, the screw portion of the high-strength bolt is an integrated structure consisting of a polished rod section and a threaded section, the polished rod section is located between the bolt head and the threaded section, and its cross section is a regular hexagon matching the inner side wall of the hexagonal sleeve.

[0027] A positioning blind hole corresponding to the position of the locking screw is opened on the outer wall of the polished rod section, and the end of the locking screw enters the positioning blind hole to lock and fix the hexagonal sleeve and the high-strength bolt.

[0028] Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for a jacket offshore wind turbine.

[0029] A construction method for a jacket offshore wind turbine, using the above-mentioned assembled bolt-ball node flexible jacket offshore wind turbine, the construction method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the conductor frame unit in the factory, place a group of diagonal braces on both sides of the bolt ball, adjust the angles of the two diagonal braces in the same group, and connect the ends of each diagonal brace close to the bolt ball with the bolt ball through high-strength bolt assemblies to form an X-shaped connector. Use the same method to assemble the other three X-shaped connectors.

[0030] Four conduit legs are fixed to the tooling by hoisting equipment. The four conduit legs are respectively located on the four side edges of the regular tetrahedron. An X-shaped connector is hoisted on the four sides of the regular tetrahedron respectively. The four diagonal support ends of each X-shaped connector are fixedly connected with bolts at the corresponding positions of the conduit legs on both sides of the X-shaped connector.

[0031] Afterwards, tighten each high-strength bolt assembly to fix the diagonal brace and the bolt ball to form a conductor frame monomer, and use the same method to complete the assembly of all conductor frame monomers.

[0032] Step 2: hoist the platform above the first conductor frame unit, fix the upper ends of the four conductor legs of the first conductor frame unit to the bottom bolts of the platform, and fix the upper ends of the four lower legs to the lower ends of the four conductor legs of the last conductor frame unit with bolts.

[0033] Step 3: Use a transport ship to transport the four pipe piles to the designated installation area in the ocean. The equipment on the pile-driving ship will lift the pipe piles and lower them to the seabed surface. The four pipe piles will be driven into the seabed in sequence according to the set depth. After that, the four pipe piles will be filled with concrete, and the concrete will be combined with the pipe piles after solidification.

[0034] Step 4: Transport the tower, nacelle, blades and all jacket units to the designated installation area. First, construction workers wearing diving equipment dive to the surface of the seabed and use lifting equipment to place the last jacket unit on top of the four pipe piles. The last jacket unit always remains vertical during the descent into the water.

[0035] Annular rubber gaskets are placed on the upper surfaces of the flanges on the tops of the four pipe piles, and the lower ends of the four lower legs correspond to the flanges on the tops of the four pipe piles and are fixedly connected with bolts. After that, the remaining jacket units are hoisted in turn and placed on the tops of the adjacent jacket units on the lower side and are fixedly connected with bolts. After the overall installation of the jacket is completed, the platform is located above sea level.

[0036] Step 5: The staff reaches the upper surface of the platform and uses the lifting equipment to lift the tower. The tower is placed vertically on the mounting base and fixedly connected with the mounting base bolts.

[0037] Step 6. Hoist the nacelle to the top of the tower. The flange at the bottom of the nacelle corresponds to the flange at the top of the tower and is fixed with bolts. Use hoisting equipment to install the three blades on the rotor shaft of the generator in sequence. After that, enter the line connection and commissioning operation stage of the electrical equipment.

[0038] By adopting the above technical scheme, the beneficial technical effect of the present invention is as follows: the conductor frame of the present invention adopts an assembled flexible structure to replace the original integral welding, which reduces the response frequency of the conductor frame under dynamic load, thereby improving the reliability of the offshore wind turbine under impact load. The flange node of the conductor leg is equipped with an annular rubber gasket, so that the conductor frame as a whole has a certain flexibility, which can effectively reduce the bending moment generated at the bottom of the tower. The present invention adopts a bolt ball node to replace the cross support welding node to form a flexible and easily disassembled assembled conductor frame, which has strong post-disaster repairability, and can be partially replaced for damaged parts, greatly reducing the difficulty of underwater operations, improving construction efficiency, and better adapting to engineering needs. At the same time, the energy absorption effect of the shaped rubber gasket effectively reduces the stress transfer at the connection between the conductor leg and the support, and significantly improves the overall stability of the wind turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an assembled bolt-ball node flexible conductor frame offshore wind turbine of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a combination of a catheter frame and a mounting seat of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the node position structure of the conduit support legs and the diagonal brace of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial combined structure of the catheter legs and the X-shaped connector of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of a combination of a bolt ball, a diagonal brace and a high-strength bolt assembly of the present invention.

[0044] As shown in the figure: 1. The conductor frame unit; 11. The platform; 12. The lower support leg; 13. The conductor support leg; 131. The upper flange seat; 132. The lower flange seat; 133. The stiffening rib; 14. The annular rubber gasket; 15. The upper node plate; 16. The lower node plate; 17. The arc rib plate; 2. The mounting seat; 3. The tower; 4. The cabin; 5. The blade; 61. The bolt ball; 611. The bolt hole; 62. The diagonal brace; 621. The hollow steel pipe; 622. The reducer; 623. The end plate; 624. The center hole; 63. The connecting plate; 71. The high-strength bolt; 72. The hexagonal sleeve; 73. The locking screw; 8. The pipe pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the advantages and technical solutions of the present invention more clear and explicit, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 1, combination Figures 1 to 5 A prefabricated bolt ball node flexible conductor frame offshore wind turbine, comprising a conductor frame, a mounting seat 2, a tower 3, a nacelle 4 and a blade 5. The conductor frame is in the shape of a regular quadrangular pyramid, and comprises a platform 11, a lower leg 12 and a plurality of conductor frame monomers 1. The plurality of conductor frame monomers 1 are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, and all the conductor frame monomers 1 are fixedly connected end to end in sequence into one body. The platform 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the first conductor frame monomer 1, and four lower legs 12 are provided. The four lower legs 12 are respectively fixedly installed on the four corners of the bottom of the last conductor frame monomer 1. The platform 11, the lower legs 12 are connected with all the conductor frame monomers 1 to form an overall steel frame structure.

[0047] The catheter frame monomer 1 includes four catheter legs 13 and four X-shaped connectors. The catheter legs 13 are hollow steel pipes with circular cross-sections. The upper and lower ports of the catheter legs 13 are closed with circular metal plates. The upper and lower ends of each catheter leg 13 are respectively fixedly welded with an upper flange seat 131 and a lower flange seat 132. The upper flange seat 131 and the lower flange seat 132 are both annular steel plates with holes and are arranged relatively parallel. The surface forms a certain inclined angle with the catheter leg 13. A group of stiffening ribs 133 are provided at the bottom of the upper flange seat 131, and a group of stiffening ribs 133 are provided on the upper surface of the lower flange seat 132. Each group of stiffening ribs 133 includes a plurality of stiffening ribs 133 uniformly arranged in an annular shape on the periphery of the catheter leg 13. The setting of the stiffening ribs 133 improves the rigidity of the whole formed by connecting the upper flange seat 131 and the lower flange seat 132 with the catheter leg 13.

[0048] Specifically, the stiffening rib 133 is a 1 / 4 circular steel plate, and one right-angled side of each stiffening rib 133 is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg 13, and the other right-angled side of the stiffening rib 133 is fixedly welded to the bottom of the upper flange seat 131 and the upper surface of each lower flange seat 132. Each upper flange seat 131 and lower flange seat 132 has a plurality of flange holes in corresponding positions, and the flange holes and the positions of the stiffening ribs 133 are staggered, so that the stiffening ribs 133 will not interfere with the bolts in the flange holes.

[0049] The four conduit legs 13 of the conduit rack monomer 1 are arranged on the four side edges of the conduit rack at an angle relative to each other, and any two adjacent conduit legs 13 of the same conduit rack monomer 1 are fixedly connected to form a plane truss structure through an X-shaped connector. Specifically, the four X-shaped connectors are respectively located on the four side walls of the regular tetrahedron, and both sides of the X-shaped connector are provided with a conduit leg 13, and the conduit legs 13 on the same side of the two sides of the X-shaped connector are respectively fixedly connected by bolts.

[0050] All the conduit legs 13 located on the same side edge of the conduit frame are coaxially arranged, and the corresponding ends of any two adjacent conduit legs 13 are fixedly connected by bolts. Specifically, an annular rubber gasket 14 is provided between the lower flange seat 132 of each conduit leg 13 and the upper flange seat 131 of the adjacent conduit leg 13 below it. The lower flange seat 132 at the lower end of the conduit leg 13 is fixedly connected to the upper flange seat 131 adjacent to it above it by a group of bolts. The annular rubber gasket 14 is located between the corresponding ends of two adjacent conduit legs 13. The connection between the two adjacent conduit legs 13 has a certain flexibility. The annular rubber gasket 14 can improve the overall shock absorption effect of the conduit frame, and the ability of the conduit frame to resist bending moments is greatly improved.

[0051] The lower legs 12 are all made of hollow steel pipes with circular cross-sections, and the upper and lower ends of each lower leg 12 are respectively installed with the same upper flange seat 131 and lower flange seat 132. The four lower legs 12 are respectively arranged on the four side edges of the jacket, and each lower leg 12 is coaxially arranged with all the jacket legs 13 on the side edge where it is located. The upper ends of the four lower legs 12 are respectively bolted and connected with the lower ends of the four jacket legs 13 of the last jacket monomer 1. Each lower leg 12 is sequentially connected with the jacket legs 13 coaxially arranged above it to form four jacket legs of the jacket.

[0052] Two upper node plates 15 are provided on the outer side of the upper part of the conduit leg 13 . The two upper node plates 15 are close to the upper flange seat 131 and are respectively located on two adjacent side surfaces of the regular tetrahedron. One side of the upper node plate 15 is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg 13 .

[0053] Two lower node plates 16 are provided on the lower outer side of the conduit leg 13. The two lower node plates 16 are close to the lower flange seat 132 and are respectively located on the same two adjacent sides of the regular tetrahedron. One side of the upper node plate 15 is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg 13. A group of circular holes are opened on each upper node plate 15 and lower node plate 16, and a bolt assembly is arranged in each circular hole. The two upper node plates 15 and the two lower node plates 16 located on the same side of the regular tetrahedron are respectively fixedly connected with the bolts on both sides of the X-shaped connector located on the side, forming a tetrahedral conduit frame monomer 1.

[0054] An arc-shaped rib 17 is provided between the two upper node plates 15 and between the two lower node plates 16, respectively. The arc-shaped rib 17 is a 1 / 4 circular steel plate. The arc-shaped rib 17 is arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the conduit leg 13. The inner side of the arc-shaped rib 17 is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg 13, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the two upper node plates 15 or the two upper node plates 15 to form a whole. The function of the arc-shaped rib 17 is to improve the connection strength between the two upper node plates 15 or the two upper node plates 15 and the conduit leg 13.

[0055] The platform 11 is located above the first secondary catheter rack monomer 1, and the upper ends of the four catheter legs 13 of the first secondary catheter rack monomer 1 are fixedly connected to the bottom bolts of the platform 11. The same annular rubber gasket 14 is provided between the upper flange seat 131 of each catheter leg 13 of the first secondary catheter rack monomer 1 and the bottom of the platform 11, and is fixedly connected by the same set of bolts.

[0056] The X-shaped connector includes a bolt ball 61 and two groups of diagonal struts 62, and the two groups of diagonal struts 62 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bolt ball 61. Each group of diagonal struts 62 includes two diagonal struts 62 arranged in a V shape. The two diagonal struts 62 located on one side of the bolt ball 61 are coaxially arranged with the two diagonal struts 62 located on the other side of the bolt ball 61, respectively. One end of each diagonal strut 62 is fixedly connected to the catheter support leg 13 on the same side with bolts, and the other end is detachably fixedly connected to the bolt ball 61 through a high-strength bolt assembly.

[0057] The diagonal brace 62 includes a coaxially arranged hollow steel pipe 621 and a reducer 622. The large diameter end of the reducer 622 is fixedly welded to one end of the hollow steel pipe 621, and the small diameter end thereof is welded with an end plate 623 with a center hole 624. A circular sealing plate is welded to one end of the hollow steel pipe 621 away from the reducer 622.

[0058] A connecting plate 63 is fixedly welded to one end of the hollow steel pipe 621 away from the reducer 622, and the side of the connecting plate 63 close to the hollow steel pipe 621 is fixedly welded to the sealing plate as a whole. The side of the connecting plate 63 away from the hollow steel pipe 621 has a slot that matches the upper node plate 15 or the lower node plate 16. During the installation process, the upper node plate 15 enters the slot of the connecting plate 63 located at the upper diagonal brace 62, and is fixedly connected with the upper diagonal brace 62 by bolts, and the lower node plate 16 enters the slot of the connecting plate 63 located at the lower diagonal brace 62, and is fixedly connected with the lower diagonal brace 62 by bolts.

[0059] The outer wall of the bolt ball 61 is provided with bolt holes 611 of the same number as the diagonal struts 62 and corresponding in position to each other. The surface of the bolt ball 61 located outside the four bolt holes 611 is an annular plane.

[0060] Specifically, the high-strength bolt assembly includes a high-strength bolt 71, a hexagonal sleeve 72 and a locking screw 73. The high-strength bolt 71 is inserted into the central hole 624 of the end plate 623. The high-strength bolt 71 is provided with a gasket, and the gasket and the bolt head of the high-strength bolt 71 are both located inside the reducer 622. The hexagonal sleeve 72 is located between the reducer 622 and the bolt ball 61, and is sleeved on the outside of the high-strength bolt 71. The end of the high-strength bolt 71 away from its bolt head is screwed into the corresponding bolt hole and fixedly connected to the bolt ball 61. The locking screw 73 is arranged on the hexagonal sleeve 72.

[0061] Specifically, the screw portion of the high-strength bolt 71 is an integrated structure consisting of a polished rod section and a threaded section, the polished rod section is located between the bolt head and the threaded section, and its cross section is a regular hexagon that matches the inner wall of the hexagonal sleeve 72. A positioning blind hole corresponding to the position of the locking screw 73 is opened on the outer wall of the polished rod section, and the end of the locking screw 73 enters the positioning blind hole to lock and fix the hexagonal sleeve 72 and the high-strength bolt 71. During the installation process, the hexagonal sleeve 72 is first sleeved on the outside of the high-strength bolt 71, and the end of the high-strength bolt 71 is screwed into the corresponding bolt hole 611, and then the connecting plate 63 at the end of the diagonal brace 62 is fixedly connected with the corresponding upper node plate 15 or lower node plate 16 by bolts, and the hexagonal sleeve 72 is rotated with a wrench to continue to be screwed into the bolt hole 611. After the two ends of the hexagonal sleeve 72 are respectively tightened against the surface of the bolt ball 61 and the end of the diagonal brace 62, the hexagonal sleeve 72 is tightened, and then the locking screw 73 is tightened to complete the installation of the diagonal brace 62.

[0062] The mounting seat 2 is welded to the center of the upper surface of the platform 11. The platform 11 includes a square steel plate and a reinforcing rib frame. The reinforcing rib frame is located at the bottom of the square steel plate and is fixedly welded to the square steel plate. A group of bolt holes are respectively formed near the four corners of the square steel plate. Each group of bolt holes includes bolt holes that are equal in number to the flange holes of the upper flange seat 131 at the top and have corresponding positions. Each bolt hole is equipped with a bolt assembly.

[0063] The lower end of the tower 3 is detachably fixedly connected to the mounting base 2, and the cabin 4 is arranged at the upper end of the tower 3, and a generator is installed inside the cabin 4. There are three blades 5, which are regularly installed on the rotor shaft of the generator, and the three blades 5 are evenly distributed outside the rotor shaft of the generator. The present invention reduces the response frequency of the conductor frame under dynamic loads, thereby improving the reliability of offshore wind turbines under impact loads. The flange nodes of the conductor legs are provided with an annular rubber gasket 14, and the towering conductor frame formed as a whole has a certain flexibility, which can effectively reduce the bending moment generated at the bottom of the tower. A flexible and easily detachable conductor frame foundation is formed, which has strong post-disaster recovery ability and can better adapt to engineering needs. At the same time, with the energy absorption effect of the rubber pad, the stress transfer at the connection between the conductor leg and the support is effectively reduced, and the overall stability of the wind turbine is significantly improved.

[0064] Embodiment 2, combined Figures 1 to 5 A construction method for a jacket offshore wind turbine is based on an assembled bolt-ball node flexible jacket offshore wind turbine described in Example 1. The construction method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the conductor frame unit 1 in the factory, place a group of diagonal braces 62 on both sides of the bolt ball 61, adjust the angles of the two diagonal braces 62 in the same group, and connect one end of each diagonal brace 62 close to the bolt ball 61 with the bolt ball 61 through a high-strength bolt assembly to form an X-shaped connector. Use the same method to assemble the other three X-shaped connectors.

[0065] The four conduit legs 13 are fixed to the tooling by hoisting equipment. The four conduit legs 13 are respectively located on the four side edges of the regular tetrahedron. An X-shaped connector is hoisted on the four side faces of the regular tetrahedron respectively. The ends of the four diagonal braces 62 of each X-shaped connector are fixedly connected with the corresponding positions of the conduit legs 13 on both sides of the X-shaped connector by bolts.

[0066] Afterwards, each high-strength bolt assembly is tightened to fix the diagonal brace 62 and the bolt ball 61 together to form the catheter frame monomer 1. The same method is used to complete the assembly of all the catheter frame monomers 1.

[0067] Step 2: hoist the platform 11 above the first secondary catheter rack monomer 1, and the upper ends of the four catheter legs 13 of the first secondary catheter rack monomer 1 are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom bolts of the platform 11, and the upper ends of the four lower legs 12 are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the four catheter legs 13 of the last secondary catheter rack monomer 1.

[0068] Step 3: Use a transport ship to transport the four pipe piles 8 to the predetermined installation area in the ocean. The equipment on the pile-driving ship will lift the pipe piles 8 and lower them to the seabed surface. The four pipe piles 8 will be driven into the seabed in sequence according to the set depth. After that, the four pipe piles 8 are filled with concrete, and the concrete will be combined with the pipe piles 8 after solidification.

[0069] Step 4: transport the tower 3, nacelle 4, blades 5 and all jacket units 1 to the predetermined installation area. First, construction workers wearing diving equipment dive to the surface of the seabed and use lifting equipment to place the last jacket unit 1 above the four pipe piles 8. The last jacket unit 1 always remains in a vertical state during the descent in the water.

[0070] Annular rubber gaskets 14 are placed on the upper surfaces of the flanges on the tops of the four pipe piles 8, and the lower ends of the four lower legs 12 correspond to the flanges on the tops of the four pipe piles 8 and are fixedly connected with bolts. After that, the remaining jacket frames 1 are hoisted in turn and placed on the tops of the jacket frames 1 adjacent to the lower side and are fixedly connected with bolts. After the overall installation of the jacket frames is completed, the platform 11 is located above the sea level.

[0071] Step 5: The staff reaches the upper surface of the platform 11 and uses the lifting equipment to lift the tower 3. The tower 3 is vertically placed on the mounting base 2 and fixedly connected with the mounting base 2 by bolts.

[0072] Step six, hoist the nacelle 4 to the top of the tower 3, the flange at the bottom of the nacelle 4 corresponds to the flange at the top of the tower 3 and is fixedly connected by bolts, and the three blades 5 are installed on the rotor shaft of the generator in sequence using hoisting equipment. After that, the line connection and commissioning operation stage of the electrical equipment is entered.

[0073] Parts not described in the present invention can be implemented by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0074] Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0075] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0076] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled bolt ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine, characterized in that: It includes a jacket, a mounting seat, a tower, a nacelle and blades. The jacket is in the shape of a regular quadrangular pyramid and includes a platform, a lower leg and a plurality of jacket monomers. The plurality of jacket monomers are stacked from top to bottom and are fixedly connected head to tail to form a whole. The catheter rack monomer comprises four catheter legs and four X-shaped connectors, the four catheter legs are respectively arranged on four side edges of the catheter rack at an angle relative to each other, any two adjacent catheter legs of the same catheter rack monomer are fixedly connected to form a plane truss structure through an X-shaped connector, and the four X-shaped connectors are respectively located on four side walls of the catheter rack; The corresponding ends of any two adjacent duct legs on the same side edge are fixedly connected by bolts, the upper ends of the four duct legs of the first secondary duct frame monomer are fixedly connected with the bottom bolts of the platform, the mounting seat is welded to the center of the upper surface of the platform, the lower end of the tower is detachably fixedly connected with the mounting seat, the cabin is arranged at the upper end of the tower, and a generator, a gearbox, a transformer and a control system are installed inside it, and the blades are provided with three and are regularly installed on the rotor shaft of the generator; There are four lower legs, which are arranged on four side edges of the conductor frame respectively, and each lower leg is coaxially arranged with all the conductor legs on the side edge where it is located, and the upper ends of the four lower legs are respectively fixedly connected with the lower ends of the four conductor legs of the last conductor frame monomer with bolts; The X-shaped connector includes a bolt ball and two groups of diagonal braces, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bolt ball. Each group of diagonal braces includes two diagonal braces arranged in a V shape. The two diagonal braces located on one side of the bolt ball are coaxially arranged with the two diagonal braces located on the other side of the bolt ball. One end of each diagonal brace is fixedly connected to the catheter leg bolt on the same side, and the other end is detachably fixedly connected to the bolt ball through a high-strength bolt assembly.

2. The assembled bolt ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conduit leg is a hollow steel pipe with a circular cross-section, and an upper flange seat and a lower flange seat are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends thereof, and the upper and lower ends of each lower leg are respectively installed with the same upper flange seat and lower flange seat; An annular rubber gasket is provided between each lower flange seat and the upper flange seat adjacent thereto; the lower flange seat of each conduit leg is fixedly connected to the upper flange seat of the adjacent conduit leg thereto by a set of bolts; the same annular rubber gasket is provided between the upper flange seat of each conduit leg of the first-order conduit frame unit and the bottom of the platform, and is fixedly connected by the same set of bolts.

3. The assembled bolt ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The platform includes a square steel plate and a reinforcing rib frame, wherein the reinforcing rib frame is located at the bottom of the square steel plate and is fixedly welded to the square steel plate into one body; A group of bolt holes is respectively formed near the four corners of the square steel plate, each group of bolt holes includes bolt holes that are equal in number to the flange holes of the upper flange seat and have corresponding positions, and each bolt hole is configured with a bolt assembly.

4. The assembled bolt ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A group of stiffening ribs is respectively provided on the lower side of each upper flange seat and the upper side of each lower flange seat, and each group of stiffening ribs includes a plurality of stiffening ribs uniformly arranged in an annular shape on the periphery of the conduit leg; The reinforcing ribs are 1 / 4 circular steel plates, one right-angle side of each reinforcing rib is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg, and the other right-angle side is fixedly welded to the bottom of the upper flange seat and the upper surface of each lower flange seat.

5. The assembled bolt-ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two upper node plates are provided on the outer side of the upper part of the conduit leg, the two upper node plates are close to the upper flange seat and are respectively located on adjacent sides of the regular tetrahedron, and one side of the upper node plate is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg; Two lower node plates are provided on the outer side of the lower part of the duct leg. The two lower node plates are close to the lower flange seat and are respectively located on the same adjacent sides of the regular tetrahedron. One side of the upper node plate is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the duct leg. A group of circular holes are opened on each of the upper node plate and the lower node plate.

6. The assembled bolt ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Arc ribs are provided between the two upper node plates and between the two lower node plates respectively. The arc ribs are 1 / 4 circular steel plates and are arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the conduit leg. The inner side of the arc ribs is fixedly welded to the circumferential outer wall of the conduit leg, and the two ends thereof are fixedly connected to the two upper node plates or the two upper node plates as a whole.

7. The assembled bolt-ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diagonal brace includes a coaxially arranged hollow steel pipe and a reducer, the large diameter end of the reducer is fixedly welded to one end of the hollow steel pipe, and the small diameter end thereof is welded to an end plate with a center hole; A connecting plate is fixedly welded to the other end of the hollow steel pipe, and a side of the connecting plate facing away from the hollow steel pipe has a slot that matches the upper node plate or the lower node plate. During the installation process, the upper node plate enters the slot of the connecting plate located on the upper diagonal brace and is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace bolts located on the upper side, and the lower node plate enters the slot of the connecting plate located on the lower diagonal brace and is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace bolts located on the lower side.

8. The assembled bolt-ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the bolt ball is provided with bolt holes of the same number as the diagonal braces and corresponding in position to each other, and the surface of the bolt ball located outside the four bolt holes is an annular plane; The high-strength bolt assembly includes a high-strength bolt, a hexagonal sleeve and a locking screw. The high-strength bolt is inserted into the center hole of the end plate, and the bolt head is located on the inner side of the reducer. The hexagonal sleeve is located between the reducer and the bolt ball and is sleeved on the outside of the high-strength bolt. The end of the high-strength bolt away from its bolt head is screwed into the corresponding bolt hole and fixedly connected to the bolt ball. The locking screw is set on the hexagonal sleeve.

9. The assembled bolt-ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw part of the high-strength bolt is an integrated structure consisting of a polished rod section and a threaded section, the polished rod section is located between the bolt head and the threaded section, and its cross section is a regular hexagon matching the inner side wall of the hexagonal sleeve; A positioning blind hole corresponding to the position of the locking screw is opened on the outer wall of the polished rod section, and the end of the locking screw enters the positioning blind hole to lock and fix the hexagonal sleeve and the high-strength bolt.

10. A construction method for a jacket offshore wind turbine, characterized in that: An assembled bolt-ball node flexible pipe frame offshore wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the construction method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the conductor frame unit in the factory, place a group of diagonal braces on both sides of the bolt ball, adjust the angles of the two diagonal braces in the same group, and connect the ends of each diagonal brace close to the bolt ball with the bolt ball through high-strength bolt assemblies to form an X-shaped connector. Use the same method to assemble the other three X-shaped connectors. Use the hoisting equipment to fix the four conduit legs on the tooling. The four conduit legs are respectively located on the four side edges of the regular quadrangular pyramid. An X-shaped connector is hoisted on the four sides of the regular quadrangular pyramid. The four diagonal brace ends of each X-shaped connector are fixedly connected with the corresponding positions of the conduit legs on both sides of the X-shaped connector by bolts. Afterwards, tighten each high-strength bolt assembly to fix the diagonal brace and the bolt ball to form a single conductor frame unit, and complete the assembly of all conductor frame units in the same way; Step 2: hoist the platform above the first secondary conductor frame unit, the upper ends of the four conductor legs of the first secondary conductor frame unit are respectively fixedly connected with the bottom bolts of the platform, and the upper ends of the four lower legs are respectively fixedly connected with the lower ends of the four conductor legs of the last secondary conductor frame unit by bolts; Step 3: Use a transport ship to transport the four pipe piles to the predetermined installation area in the ocean. The equipment on the pile-driving ship hoists the pipe piles and lowers them to the seabed surface. The four pipe piles are driven into the seabed in sequence according to the set depth. After that, the four pipe piles are filled with concrete, and the concrete is combined with the pipe piles after solidification. Step 4: transport the tower, nacelle, blades and all jacket units to the designated installation area. First, construction workers wearing diving equipment dive to the seabed surface and use lifting equipment to place the last jacket unit on top of the four pipe piles. The last jacket unit remains vertical during the descent in the water. Annular rubber gaskets are placed on the upper surfaces of the flanges on the tops of the four pipe piles, and the lower ends of the four lower legs correspond to the flanges on the tops of the four pipe piles and are fixedly connected with bolts. After that, the remaining jacket frames are hoisted and placed on the tops of the jacket frames adjacent to the lower side and are fixedly connected with bolts. After the overall installation of the jacket frames is completed, the platform is located above the sea level; Step 5: The staff reaches the upper surface of the platform and uses the lifting equipment to lift the tower. The tower is placed vertically on the mounting base and fixedly connected with the mounting base bolts; Step 6. Hoist the nacelle to the top of the tower. The flange at the bottom of the nacelle corresponds to the flange at the top of the tower and is fixed with bolts. Use hoisting equipment to install the three blades on the rotor shaft of the generator in sequence. After that, enter the line connection and commissioning operation stage of the electrical equipment.

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