Convenient adaptive gas lift plunger

Abstract

The invention discloses a convenient adaptive gas lift plunger, and relates to the technical field of gas lift plungers, and the technical scheme is as follows: the convenient adaptive gas lift plunger comprises a plunger main body, the interior of the plunger main body is hollow, and a plurality of groups of scrapers and blade plates which move in a limiting manner in the radial direction of the plunger main body are movably connected to the side wall of the plunger main body in a penetrating manner; a trigger assembly which moves upwards under the pressure effect of high-pressure gas is arranged in the plunger body and used for triggering the scraper and the blade plate after reaching the specific position, and the scraper and the blade plate can extend out of the plunger body in the radial direction. The scraper for cleaning the well wall and the blade plate for improving the liquid carrying capacity are arranged on the plunger main body, and the trigger assembly capable of triggering the scraper and the blade plate by controlling the pressure change of the air pressure in the gas production pipeline is arranged, so that the scraper and the blade plate can be replaced in turns under the condition that a gas production system does not need to be stopped; the plunger can clean the well wall in the early stage, and can be conveniently switched to the blade plate in the later stage to improve the liquid carrying capacity, so that the gas production continuity is enhanced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas lift plungers, and in particular to a conveniently adaptable gas lift plunger. Background Art

[0002] The plunger gas lift process is a process commonly used in shale gas production. Its main purpose is to use the plunger to form a mechanical interface between the lifting gas and the produced fluid to reduce slippage losses when there is liquid accumulation in the wellbore of the gas well and its own energy is insufficient to bring out the liquid accumulation in the wellbore to achieve continuous self-flowing production, thereby achieving the effect of assisting drainage. When implementing plunger gas lift, due to the presence of impurities on the inner wall of the wellbore in the early stage, in order to prevent the wear caused by the friction between the plunger and the impurities, a brush-type plunger is generally preferred, and the inner wall of the wellbore can be cleaned during the plunger lifting process. After a certain period of activity, the blade-type plunger will be used to increase the plunger's liquid carrying capacity and reduce the friction between the plunger and the wellbore wall to increase the gas lift speed. However, the gas production system needs to be shut down during the plunger replacement process, which will cause the continuous working process to be interrupted and affect the production efficiency.

[0003] In view of this, a design or technical improvement is now proposed to solve the above problems.

[0004] The above contents are only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the present invention, and do not constitute an admission that the above contents are the closest prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies and provide a convenient and adaptable gas lift plunger.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A convenient and adaptable gas lift plunger comprises a plunger body and a one-way valve arranged on the plunger body; the interior of the plunger body is hollow, and a plurality of scrapers and blade plates that are movable along the radial limiting movement of the plunger body are movably connected on the side wall; the scrapers are used to scrape and clean impurities on the well wall, and the blade plates are used to fit with the well wall to increase the liquid carrying capacity of the plunger; the scrapers and blade plates are respectively stacked up and down in a plurality of groups and staggered on the top projection surface to form a complete circle; a trigger component that moves upward under the action of high-pressure gas pressure is arranged in the plunger body, which is used to trigger the scrapers and blade plates separately so that the two can extend radially from the plunger body.

[0008] Furthermore, the scrapers are connected by rubber belts, and an expansion hole is formed in the middle position. The trigger assembly includes a fixed plate arranged on the inner wall of the plunger body, a first spring arranged on the lower surface of the fixed plate and passing through the expansion hole, and an expansion plug arranged at one end of the first spring away from the fixed plate; the expansion plug can support and expand the expansion hole when it moves into the expansion hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the blade plate is located above the scraper, and a wedge plate is provided on one side thereof close to the center of the plunger body; a secondary trigger unit is also provided in the plunger body and located between the trigger assembly and the blade plate, so that the trigger assembly triggers the blade plate through the secondary trigger unit; the secondary trigger unit includes a support plate movably overlapped on the fixed plate, a first connecting rod provided on the lower surface of the support plate, and a base plate provided at one end of the first connecting rod away from the support plate and located above the scraper; the support plate is in the shape of a truncated cone adapted to the wedge plate, and the base plate is sleeved on the outside of the first spring, and its inner diameter is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the expansion plug.

[0010] Furthermore, a second spring is provided between the wedge plate and the inner wall of the plunger body.

[0011] Furthermore, a telescopic rod frame is evenly distributed on the side wall of the plunger body, and a guide wheel is rotatably provided at one end of the telescopic rod frame away from the center of the plunger body, and a limit frame plate is provided at one end of the telescopic rod frame close to the center of the plunger body, and a third spring is provided between the limit frame plate and the inner wall of the plunger body.

[0012] Furthermore, the scraper is made of hard material, and a rubber head is provided at one end thereof away from the center of the plunger body.

[0013] Furthermore, a second connecting rod is provided at one end of the expansion plug away from the first spring, and an air collecting plate movably engaged with the inner wall of the plunger body is provided at one end of the second connecting rod away from the expansion plug; wherein the air collecting plate is in the shape of a hollow cone.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressing rod is also provided on the support plate, a cap is threadedly connected to the upper opening of the plunger body, and the one-way valve is provided on the cap.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower opening of the plunger body is evenly provided with connecting plates, and one end of the connecting plate away from the plunger body is provided with a front frame ring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present solution are as follows: the present invention arranges a scraper for cleaning the well wall and a blade plate for improving the liquid carrying capacity on the plunger body, and arranges a trigger assembly that can trigger the scraper and the blade plate by controlling the pressure change of the air pressure in the gas production pipeline, so that the scraper and the blade plate can be replaced in turns without shutting down the gas production system, so that the plunger can clean the well wall in the early stage, and can be easily switched to the blade plate in the later stage to improve the liquid carrying capacity, thereby enhancing the continuity of gas production and improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 is a front perspective schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional perspective schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a bottom view schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a bottom-up stereoscopic schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the interior of the plunger body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the plunger body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the combined state of the scraper in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly state of the blade plates in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary trigger unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a trigger component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the state of an embodiment of the present invention in a hoistway.

[0030] In the figure: 1. plunger body; 11. one-way valve; 2. scraper; 21. blade plate; 3. rubber belt; 31. expansion hole; 32. fixing plate; 33. first spring; 34. expansion plug; 4. wedge plate; 41. support plate; 42. first connecting rod; 43. bottom frame plate; 44. second spring; 5. telescopic rod frame; 51. guide wheel; 52. limit frame plate; 53. third spring; 6. rubber head; 7. second connecting rod; 71. air collecting plate; 8. pressing rod; 81. cap; 9. connecting plate; 91. front frame ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1-12 The gas lift plunger shown is used in shale gas extraction operations, specifically a convenient and adaptable gas lift plunger, including a plunger body 1 and a one-way valve 11 arranged on the plunger body 1. The one-way valve 11 arranged on the gas lift plunger is a prior art and no specific structural description is given. Its function is that when the plunger body 1 moves downward into the gas well, the accumulated liquid in the gas well will flow to the upper end of the plunger body 1 through the one-way valve 11 which automatically opens under the action of water pressure. When the plunger body 1 moves upward, the one-way valve 11 which automatically closes under the action of gravity prevents the accumulated liquid from flowing downward from the upper end of the plunger body 1, thereby enabling the plunger body 1 to carry the accumulated liquid for transportation. In this scheme, the interior of the plunger body 1 is hollow, and a plurality of groups of scrapers 2 and blade plates 21 that are movable along the radial limit of the plunger body 1 are movably connected on the side wall; the scraper 2 is used to scrape and clean impurities on the well wall, and the blade plate 21 is used to fit with the well wall in the later stage to increase the liquid carrying capacity of the plunger; the scraper 2 and the blade plate 21 are respectively stacked and staggered in groups, so as to form a complete circle on the top projection surface; a trigger component that moves upward under the action of high-pressure gas pressure is provided in the plunger body 1, which is used to trigger the scraper 2 and the blade plate 21 respectively after reaching a specific position, so that the two can be radially extended from the plunger body 1; wherein during the movement of the trigger component, the scraper 2 and the blade plate 21 are not triggered at the same time, and the gas lift plunger controls the movable stroke of the trigger component by changing the gas pressure introduced into the gas production well when in use, Thereby controlling the switching of the scraper 2 and the blade plate 21. When the air pressure maintains a stable lifting pressure, the trigger component only triggers the scraper 2, causing it to extend from the plunger body 1 and contact the inner wall of the wellbore, thereby scraping and cleaning the impurities on the inner wall of the wellbore. After lifting for a certain period in this state, the impurities on the inner wall of the wellbore are basically cleaned up. At this time, the air pressure introduced into the wellbore is increased in a short time, thereby increasing the stroke of the trigger component, causing the blade plate 21 to extend from the plunger body 1 and contact the inner wall of the wellbore. At this time, the scraper 2 will retract into the inner wall of the plunger body 1 without contacting the wellbore, and then the plunger body 1 cooperates with the contact of the blade plate 21 to reduce the gap, thereby increasing the amount of liquid carried by the plunger. This method of controlling the switching by changing the air pressure makes the work more continuous, does not require the gas production system to be shut down, and improves work efficiency.

[0033] In one embodiment, the scrapers 2 are connected by a rubber belt 3, and an expansion hole 31 is formed in the middle. The trigger assembly includes a fixing plate 32 arranged on the inner wall of the plunger body 1, a first spring 33 arranged on the lower surface of the fixing plate 32 and passing through the expansion hole 31, and an expansion plug 34 arranged at one end of the first spring 33 away from the fixing plate 32; the expansion plug 34 can be supported and expanded when it moves into the expansion hole 31, and the high-pressure gas in the wellbore flows upward from the bottom, thereby driving the internal liquid to lift. In this process, the high-pressure gas enters the interior of the plunger body 1 from the bottom of the plunger body 1, and pushes the expansion plug 34 to move upward, so that it moves into the expansion hole 31. The expansion hole 31 is expanded and the expansion hole 31 is stretched outward. The scraper 2 extends outward from the plunger body 1 under the action of the expansion hole 31, and then contacts the inner wall of the well. When the plunger rises to the top of the pipeline, the high-pressure gas in the well stops entering, and then the plunger falls back under the action of gravity, and the expansion plug 34 inside it pops out from the expansion hole 31 under the action of the first spring 33, and the scraper 2 shrinks through the elasticity of the rubber belt 3, so that the expansion hole 31 returns to its initial size. At this time, the scraper 2 does not contact the inner wall of the well, which reduces the friction between the plunger and the inner wall of the well, so that the plunger can fall back to its original position faster for secondary lifting, thereby shortening the single gas lift cycle.

[0034] In one embodiment, the blade plate 21 is located above the scraper 2, and a wedge plate 4 is provided on one side thereof close to the center of the plunger body 1; a secondary trigger unit is also provided in the plunger body 1 and located between the trigger assembly and the blade plate 21, so that the trigger assembly triggers the blade plate 21 through the secondary trigger unit; the secondary trigger unit includes a support plate 41 movably overlapped on the fixed plate 32, a first connecting rod 42 provided on the lower surface of the support plate 41, and a bottom frame plate 43 provided at one end of the first connecting rod 42 away from the support plate 41 and located above the scraper 2; the support plate 41 is in a truncated cone shape adapted to the wedge plate 4, the bottom frame plate 43 is sleeved on the outer side of the first spring 33, and its inner diameter is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the expansion plug 34. When the plunger gas lift works for a period of time, the scraper 2 basically scrapes away the impurities on the inner wall of the well. At this time, by increasing the pressure of the high-pressure gas introduced into the well, the expansion plug When the expansion hole 31 is passed through by the rubber belt 3, the scraper 2 shrinks under the action of the rubber belt 3, and the expansion hole 31 returns to its initial size. The expansion plug 34 overlaps the expansion hole 31, and the elastic force of the first spring 33 is insufficient to drive the expansion plug 34 to be squeezed out of the expansion hole 31 and reset. At this time, the upper end of the expansion plug 34 supports the base plate 43, thereby driving the support plate 41 to support the wedge plate 4 upward through the first connecting rod 42, so that the blade plate 21 extends from the plunger body 1 and fits against the inner wall of the wellbore, so as to reduce the gap between the plunger body 1 and the inner wall of the wellbore, thereby increasing the liquid carrying capacity of the plunger during gas lifting. At the same time, the blade plate 21 is made of metal, which can reduce the friction with the inner wall of the wellbore, thereby making the sliding speed of the plunger in the wellbore faster.

[0035] In one embodiment, a second spring 44 is provided between the wedge plate 4 and the inner wall of the plunger body 1. By providing the second spring 44, the blade plate 21 can maintain a stably contracted position in the plunger body 1 in the initial state, so that it does not contact the inner wall of the wellbore, thereby avoiding wear caused by friction between it and the wellbore wall due to impurities.

[0036] In one embodiment, a telescopic rod frame 5 is evenly arranged on the side wall of the plunger body 1. A guide wheel 51 is rotatably arranged at one end of the telescopic rod frame 5 away from the center of the plunger body 1. A limit frame plate 52 is arranged at one end of the telescopic rod frame 5 close to the center of the plunger body 1. A third spring 53 is arranged between the limit frame plate 52 and the inner wall of the plunger body 1. Since the scraper 2 is used to contact the inner wall of the well during the initial lifting of the plunger, and it does not contact the well wall when the plunger falls back, in order to ensure the stability of the plunger when it falls back, a guide wheel 51 is arranged. The guide wheel 51 is always in contact with the inner wall of the well under the action of the third spring 53, thereby guiding the activity trajectory of the plunger, so that the plunger can basically remain at the center line position of the well for falling back.

[0037] In one embodiment, the scraper 2 is made of a hard material to ensure that when the expansion plug 34 is supported on the upper surface of the scraper 2, the scraper 2 will not bend or deform due to the rebound force of the first spring 33, and a rubber head 6 is provided at one end away from the center of the plunger body 1, so that it is easy to scrape impurities from the inner wall of the wellbore without causing structural wear.

[0038] In one embodiment, a second connecting rod 7 is provided at one end of the expansion plug 34 away from the first spring 33, and an air receiving plate 71 movably engaged with the inner wall of the plunger body 1 is provided at one end of the second connecting rod 7 away from the expansion plug 34; wherein the air receiving plate 71 is in the shape of a hollow cone inside, and the contact surface with the airflow is increased by the setting of the air receiving plate 71, so that the high-pressure gas can stably act on the air receiving plate 71, and then drive the expansion plug 34 to move upward through the second connecting rod 7.

[0039] In one embodiment, a pressing rod 8 is also provided on the support plate 41, and a cap 81 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the plunger body 1. The one-way valve 11 is provided on the cap 81. When the plunger needs to be reset to its initial state later, the cap 81 can be opened, and then the pressing rod 8 can be manually pressed, so that the support plate 41 is forced downward, and the base plate 43 pushes the expansion plug 34 downward to be squeezed out of the expansion hole 31 and move back to the bottom position of the plunger body 1.

[0040] In one embodiment, connecting plates 9 are evenly distributed at the lower end of the plunger body 1, and a front frame ring 91 is provided at one end of the connecting plate 9 away from the plunger body 1. When the plunger falls to the buffer position at the bottom of the shaft, it collides with the buffer through the front frame ring 91, thereby preventing the air collecting plate 71 from being damaged by the collision, thereby ensuring its stability when it is impacted by high-pressure airflow.

[0041] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A convenient and adaptable gas lift plunger, comprising a plunger body (1) and a one-way valve (11) arranged on the plunger body (1), characterized in that: The interior of the plunger body (1) is hollow, and a plurality of groups of scrapers (2) and blade plates (21) are movably connected on the side wall and are movable along the radial direction of the plunger body (1); The scraper (2) is used to scrape and clean impurities on the well wall, and the blade plate (21) is used to fit the well wall to increase the amount of liquid carried by the plunger; The scraper plates (2) and blade plates (21) are stacked up and down in multiple groups and staggered to form a complete circle on a top view projection surface; The plunger body (1) is provided with a trigger assembly that moves upward under the action of high-pressure gas pressure and is used to trigger the scraper (2) and the blade plate (21) separately so that the scraper (2) and the blade plate (21) can extend radially from the plunger body (1).

2. The quick-fit gas lift plunger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scrapers (2) are connected by a rubber belt (3), and an expansion hole (31) is formed in the middle. The trigger assembly comprises a fixing plate (32) arranged on the inner wall of the plunger body (1), a first spring (33) arranged on the lower surface of the fixing plate (32) and passing through the expansion hole (31), and an expansion plug (34) arranged at one end of the first spring (33) away from the fixing plate (32); The expansion plug (34) can support and expand the expansion hole (31) when it moves into the expansion hole (31).

3. The quick-fit gas lift plunger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blade plate (21) is located above the scraper plate (2), and a wedge plate (4) is provided on one side thereof close to the center of the plunger body (1); The plunger body (1) is also provided with a secondary trigger unit located between the trigger assembly and the blade plate (21), so that the trigger assembly triggers the blade plate (21) through the secondary trigger unit; The secondary trigger unit comprises a support plate (41) movably overlapped on the fixed plate (32), a first connecting rod (42) arranged on the lower surface of the support plate (41), and a bottom frame plate (43) arranged at one end of the first connecting rod (42) away from the support plate (41) and located above the scraper (2); The support plate (41) is in a truncated cone shape adapted to the wedge plate (4); the base plate (43) is sleeved on the outside of the first spring (33), and its inner diameter is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the expansion plug (34).

4. The quick-fit gas lift plunger according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second spring (44) is provided between the wedge plate (4) and the inner wall of the plunger body (1).

5. The conveniently adaptable gas lift plunger according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the plunger body (1) is also connected with a uniformly arranged telescopic rod frame (5); one end of the telescopic rod frame (5) away from the center of the plunger body (1) is rotatably provided with a guide wheel (51); one end of the telescopic rod frame (5) close to the center of the plunger body (1) is provided with a limit frame plate (52); and a third spring (53) is provided between the limit frame plate (52) and the inner wall of the plunger body (1).

6. The quick-fit gas lift plunger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraper (2) is made of a hard material, and a rubber head (6) is provided at one end thereof away from the center of the plunger body (1).

7. The quick-fit gas lift plunger according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second connecting rod (7) is disposed at one end of the expansion plug (34) away from the first spring (33); and an air receiving plate (71) movably abutting against the inner wall of the plunger body (1) is disposed at one end of the second connecting rod (7) away from the expansion plug (34); The air receiving plate (71) is in the shape of a hollow cone.

8. The quick-fit gas lift plunger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support plate (41) is also provided with a pressing rod (8), the upper opening of the plunger body (1) is threadedly connected with a cap (81), and the one-way valve (11) is provided on the cap (81).

9. The quick-fit gas lift plunger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower opening of the plunger body (1) is evenly provided with connecting plates (9), and one end of the connecting plate (9) away from the plunger body (1) is provided with a front frame ring (91).

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