Power distribution switch intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device circuit and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to a power distribution switch intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device circuit and a use method. Comprising a power distribution switch operation state multi-dimensional sensing signal sampling and conditioning circuit, a main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, a 485 communication circuit, an Ethernet communication circuit, a man-machine operation display circuit, an operation state indication circuit, a fault alarm circuit and a device power supply circuit. Through multi-dimensional signal sampling and fusion analysis processing, the displacement, mechanical state, current waveform and the like of each mechanism of the switch can be detected in real time, the problems of single detection dimension, poor linkage perception relevance of the switch mechanism, poor accuracy, weak interference resistance and the like in the prior art are solved, the state of the power distribution switch can be comprehensively monitored, faults can be accurately diagnosed, and the reliability of the power distribution switch is improved. Safe and stable operation of the power distribution system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a circuit and use method of an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a distribution switch. Background Art

[0002] The distribution switch is a key core component in the 10kV power distribution network system. It is crucial to the safe, stable and reliable operation of the distribution network system. Therefore, it is very meaningful to monitor the status of the distribution switch in real time, so as to promptly discover the abnormal operation of the distribution switch and actively operate and maintain it, improve its operation reliability, reduce the economic losses caused by power outages caused by distribution switch failures, and improve power supply reliability.

[0003] According to statistics, more than 50% of the distribution switch failures are caused by operating mechanism failures. Therefore, the reliability of the operating mechanism is the key to the overall reliability of the high-voltage circuit breaker. The online monitoring and fault diagnosis of the distribution switch circuit breaker are of great significance. The operating mechanism failures mainly include refusal to operate failures, malfunction failures, insulation failures, fracture failures, etc. Refusal to operate failures include refusal to close failures and refusal to open failures. Refusal to open failures pose a great threat to the safety of the power system. Refusal to open failures may often cause the upper-level circuit breaker to operate, resulting in over-level tripping, thereby expanding the scope of accident power outages. There are two main reasons for the refusal to operate of high-voltage circuit breakers: mechanical and electrical. The mechanical reasons mainly include: deformation of mechanical parts, unnecessary displacement or even damage, loose or broken shaft pins, fatigue or even breakage of springs, and tripping failure. The electrical reasons mainly include auxiliary switch failure, burning of the closing and opening coils, closing contactor failure, burning of the opening circuit circuit, operating power failure, secondary wiring failure, fuse burnout, etc.

[0004] At present, there are several intelligent diagnosis and detection methods for distribution switch faults:

[0005] The first is based on the closing / opening coil current detection method. The closing / opening coil current detection method is an important method for monitoring and diagnosing the status of distribution switch circuit breakers in power systems. The circuit breaker switch closing and opening coil is the primary control element of the high-voltage circuit breaker. When the control circuit relay receives the instruction to energize the closing and opening coil, the current flowing in the coil generates electromagnetic force, driving the coil core (top rod) to move, triggering the tripping device of the spring mechanism or directly driving the moving contact, thereby realizing the closing and opening operation. This method analyzes and determines the operating status and potential faults of the circuit breaker by detecting the current waveform flowing through the coil during the closing or opening process of the circuit breaker.

[0006] The second is based on the closing / opening stroke and speed detection method. The closing / opening stroke and speed detection method based on the distribution switch circuit breaker is an important method for evaluating the performance of distribution switch circuit breakers. When the circuit breaker switch is closed and opened, its moving contact will experience a certain stroke and move at a certain speed. These stroke and speed parameters can intuitively reflect the working status and performance of the mechanical components of the circuit breaker switch. This method analyzes and determines the mechanical performance, action characteristics and whether there are potential faults of the circuit breaker by measuring the stroke and speed of the circuit breaker during the closing and opening process.

[0007] Third, based on the current signal detection method during the operation of the energy storage motor, the switch fault feature extraction method based on the motor current of the distribution switch is studied. The current signal is analyzed during the operation of the energy storage motor of the switch mechanism, and the fault feature signal is extracted through signal time domain and frequency domain analysis. The difference in signals under different fault states is analyzed to analyze and judge the mechanical properties, action characteristics of the circuit breaker and whether there are potential faults.

[0008] At present, the switch signal amplitudes of different types of circuit breakers from different manufacturers are different. The traditional detection method of energy storage motor circuit current and opening / closing circuit current to determine the cause of distribution switch failure is poor in accuracy. At the same time, the data collected during the operation of the switch mechanism is easily affected by mechanical vibration and electromagnetic interference. The data deformation distortion rate is high during the compression process of the mechanism spring stretcher, and the data validity is poor. When the distribution switch circuit breaker fails, its mechanical state changes accordingly. The mechanical state of the distribution switch circuit breaker contains many vibration signals. The working state of the distribution switch circuit breaker can be indirectly reflected by monitoring the vibration signal. At present, there is a lack of effective monitoring of the mechanical state of the distribution switch circuit breaker in this aspect. The fault type and cause of the distribution switch circuit breaker cannot be fully judged by the switch mechanism current characteristic signal. It is necessary to sample multi-dimensional characteristic signals, and data fusion, analysis and processing can make a relatively complete judgment on the fault type and cause of the distribution switch circuit breaker. The internal structure of the existing distribution switch circuit breaker is compact and the working conditions are complex. The structural design of the sensor and the acquisition of the signal are also difficult. The sensor hardware design is also an important part of completing the circuit breaker fault diagnosis.

[0009] At present, the power system of distribution network is developing rapidly towards intelligence and digitalization. Distribution switches are the core key equipment in the field of distribution network. Research on online monitoring and intelligent fault diagnosis of distribution switches is the core direction of smart distribution network.

[0010] Prior art, such as Chinese patent number "CN116859228A", discloses a circuit breaker state monitoring system. The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit breaker equipment. The following scheme is proposed, including circuit breaker time characteristic curve monitoring and opening and closing coil current monitoring. In the present invention, the time characteristic curve of the circuit breaker, the opening and closing coil current and the mechanical vibration signal are monitored online, and at the same time, they are subdivided into auxiliary circuit monitoring, motor operation switch device power supply monitoring, trip coil integrity monitoring, circuit breaker energy storage spring state monitoring, gas pressure monitoring, switch cumulative operation time monitoring, contact switching time monitoring and mechanical operation number monitoring, so as to achieve real-time and multi-directional monitoring effect during the operation of the circuit breaker, thereby ensuring that the circuit breaker can be maintained in a normal working state. By analyzing the operation state of the circuit breaker, problems existing in the equipment are discovered in time, faults are effectively eliminated, and the normal operation of the equipment is ensured, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the equipment operation.

[0011] The problem with the above-mentioned prior art is that the method performs online monitoring of the time characteristic curve, the opening and closing coil current and the mechanical vibration signal of the circuit breaker, the overall monitoring is insufficient, the accuracy is low, and there is a lack of dynamic detection of the internal functional operating mechanism of the circuit breaker switch body, such as the state detection of the circuit breaker opening half-axis mechanism action process, the closing half-axis mechanism action process, and the energy storage crank arm action process. It is impossible to fully obtain the equipment operation status information and cannot accurately locate the switch fault. This method does not solve the problem that the data collected during the operation of the switch mechanism is easily affected by mechanical vibration and electromagnetic interference. Summary of the invention

[0012] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a circuit and a use method of an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a distribution switch.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0014] The present invention proposes a distribution switch intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device circuit, including a distribution switch operating state multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit, a main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, a 485 communication circuit, an Ethernet communication circuit, a human-machine operation display circuit, an operating state indication circuit, a fault alarm circuit and a device power supply circuit, wherein:

[0015] The distribution switch operation status multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit is used to collect data and perform feature extraction and conditioning on the distribution switch circuit breaker opening half-axis mechanism displacement signal, closing half-axis mechanism displacement signal, energy storage crank arm displacement signal, mechanical state vibration signal, energy storage motor working current signal, opening coil working current signal and closing coil working current signal, and transmit the collected switch operation status multi-dimensional sensor signal to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit;

[0016] The main control analysis and diagnosis circuit is used to analyze the data of the multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit, determine whether the power distribution switch is faulty, and output the judgment result to the control operation status indication circuit, fault alarm circuit, and human-machine operation display circuit, and can also interact with the 485 communication circuit and Ethernet communication circuit for data;

[0017] The 485 communication circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, so as to enable the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit to communicate with other devices through 485;

[0018] The Ethernet communication circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit to provide Ethernet communication function for the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, and transmit the monitoring data of the power distribution switch to the network for remote monitoring and management;

[0019] The human-machine operation display circuit interacts with the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit through the serial port TTL communication data, and drives the display screen to display the operating status and fault information of the distribution switch;

[0020] The operating status indication circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, and is used to control the on and off of different indicator lights to intuitively display various states of the power distribution switch according to the fault judgment results output by the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit;

[0021] The fault alarm circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. The fault alarm circuit is composed of an optical coupling isolation circuit and a fault alarm relay node control circuit. When the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit determines that the distribution switch fails, the relay is controlled to work, so that the relevant nodes are turned on or off, and an alarm signal is issued. At the same time, the diode provides a freewheeling path for the relay coil when the power is off;

[0022] The device power supply circuit provides electrical energy to the entire device circuit.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit of the distribution switch operating status includes: an energy storage crank arm displacement signal sampling circuit, a closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, an opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, a position signal conditioning circuit, a switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit, a vibration signal conditioning circuit, an energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, an opening coil working current signal sampling circuit, a closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and a current signal conditioning circuit.

[0024] As a preferred implementation, the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure, wherein the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit structure is as follows:

[0025] A capacitor C5 is connected between the positive pole and the grounding terminal of the displacement sensor U1 of the energy storage crutch displacement signal sampling circuit. The sinusoidal output signal of the displacement sensor U1 is connected in sequence to capacitor C2, an amplifier circuit composed of resistor R2, resistor R6, capacitor C8 and operational amplifier chip D1, and finally connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. One end of capacitor C2 is connected to the sinusoidal output terminal of the displacement sensor U1, and the other end is connected to resistor R2. One end of resistor R2 is connected to capacitor C2, and the other end is connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D1. One end of resistor R6 is connected to the connection line between resistor R2 and the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D1, and the other end is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. Capacitor C8 is connected in parallel to resistor R6. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D1 is connected to capacitor C2, and the output terminal is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. The corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7; the cosine output signal of the displacement sensor U1 is connected in sequence to the capacitor C14, the amplifier circuit composed of the resistor R18, the resistor R20, the capacitor C16 and the operational amplifier chip D5, and finally connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, one end of the capacitor C14 is connected to the cosine output terminal of the displacement sensor U1, and the other end is connected to the resistor R18, one end of the resistor R18 is connected to the capacitor C14, and the other end is connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D5, one end of the resistor R20 is connected to the connection line between the resistor R18 and the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D5, and the other end is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, the capacitor C16 is connected in parallel to the resistor R20, the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D5 is connected to the capacitor C14, and the output end is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the structure of the switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit is as follows: a capacitor C46 is connected between the positive pole of the sensor chip U10 and the ground terminal; the output end of the sensor chip U10 is connected to the corresponding input end of the microcontroller U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit via resistors R67 and R68.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure, wherein the structure of the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit is as follows: a capacitor C6 is connected between the positive pole of the signal current sampling chip U2 and the ground terminal, the output end of the signal current sampling chip U2 is sequentially connected to a resistor R7, a capacitor C10 connected in parallel with the resistor R7, and a π-type signal filter circuit consisting of a capacitor C9, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier 1A, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier 1A is connected to a resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the connection line between the output end of the operational amplifier 1A and the positive input end of the operational amplifier 1B, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier 1B is connected to a resistor R15, the output end of the operational amplifier 1B is connected to a resistor R3, the other end of R15 is connected to the connection line between the output end of the operational amplifier 1B and the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the corresponding input end of the single-chip microcomputer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit.

[0028] As a preferred implementation, the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure; the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit include a position signal conditioning circuit, one end of the position signal conditioning circuit is connected to the output end of the displacement sensor U1, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. Through signal amplification and filtering operations, the weak displacement signal collected by the sensor is enhanced and optimized, so that the single-chip microcomputer of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit can accurately identify and analyze it.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit includes a vibration signal conditioning circuit, one end of the vibration signal conditioning circuit is connected to the output end of the sensor chip U10, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. By amplifying and filtering the vibration signal, the accuracy and reliability of the entire monitoring and diagnosis device for monitoring the mechanical state of the distribution switch are improved.

[0030] As a preferred implementation, the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure, and the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit include a current signal conditioning circuit; one end of the current signal conditioning circuit is connected to the output end of the signal current sampling chip U2, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, which is used to filter and amplify the collected original current signal, and can highlight the change characteristics of the current signal under the fault state, and provide a reliable basis for the main control circuit to judge the fault type and cause of the distribution switch.

[0031] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for using a circuit of an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step S1, signal acquisition and preprocessing: during the operation of the distribution switch, the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit collect the position change signals of the distribution switch related springs, spring operating mechanisms and rotating shafts; the switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit collects the mechanical vibration signals generated during the energy storage process and the opening and closing processes of the distribution switch circuit breaker; the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit collect the current signals of the distribution switch circuit breaker during the energy storage, closing and opening processes; and the collected signals are preprocessed through the position signal conditioning circuit, the vibration signal conditioning circuit and the current signal conditioning circuit;

[0033] Step S2, analysis and diagnosis: transmitting the collected position signal, vibration signal and current signal to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit for analysis and diagnosis;

[0034] Step S3, human-machine interaction and information display: the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit sends the analyzed distribution switch operation status information to the human-machine operation display circuit, drives the display screen to display relevant information, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively understand the working status of the distribution switch; the operation and maintenance personnel send instructions to the distribution switch intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device by operating the human-machine interface;

[0035] Step S4, fault alarm and indication: when the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit determines that the distribution switch is faulty, an alarm signal is sent out through the fault alarm circuit. At the same time, the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit controls the corresponding indicator light in the operation status indication circuit to light up or go out, intuitively indicating the fault type of the distribution switch, so as to facilitate the operation and maintenance personnel to quickly locate the fault;

[0036] Step S5, data communication and remote monitoring: The main control analysis and diagnosis circuit transmits the operation data and fault information of the distribution switch to the remote monitoring center or other equipment through the 485 communication circuit or Ethernet communication circuit, realizing remote transmission and sharing of data, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can perform remote monitoring and management.

[0037] On the other hand, the present invention further provides an electronic device having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for using a circuit of an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a distribution switch as described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0038] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. Multi-dimensional sensor data sampling of the distribution switch, including the displacement of the circuit breaker opening half-axis mechanism, closing half-axis mechanism, energy storage arm displacement, mechanical state vibration signal, energy storage motor working current waveform, opening and closing current waveform, etc. Through multi-dimensional data fusion, analysis and processing, comprehensive monitoring of the distribution switch and accurate judgment of the cause and type of fault can be achieved.

[0040] 2. The sensor signal sampling circuit adopts a modular, independent, isolated and shielded layout design, which effectively solves the impact of electromagnetic interference and radiation on the circuit during the operation of the distribution switch.

[0041] 3. The signal control loop and control circuit are electrically isolated, the control power supply DC-DC is isolated, and the optocoupler is used for isolation, which meets the requirements of electrical and high voltage magnetic compatibility and ensures the circuit reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a circuit hardware block diagram of an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for power distribution switches;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of sampling and conditioning multi-dimensional sensing signals of the operating status of the distribution switch;

[0045] Figure 3 It is the sampling circuit and conditioning circuit diagram of the energy storage crank arm displacement signal;

[0046] Figure 4 It is the waveform diagram of the displacement signal of the energy storage crank arm;

[0047] Figure 5 It is the circuit diagram of the displacement signal sampling of the closing mechanism;

[0048] Figure 6 This is the circuit diagram for sampling the displacement signal of the opening mechanism;

[0049] Figure 7 It is a circuit diagram for sampling the mechanical state signal of the switch mechanism;

[0050] Figure 8 It is the functional block diagram of ADXL375 sensor;

[0051] Fig. 9 It is the circuit diagram for sampling the working current signal of the energy storage motor;

[0052] Fig.10 It is the circuit diagram of the sampling of the working current signal of the closing coil;

[0053] Fig.11 It is the circuit diagram for sampling the working current signal of the opening coil;

[0054] Fig.12 For main control analysis and diagnosis circuit diagram;

[0055] Fig.13 This is the 485 communication circuit diagram;

[0056] Fig.14 This is the Ethernet W5500 chip communication circuit diagram;

[0057] Fig.15 Design circuit diagrams for human-machine operation display circuits;

[0058] Fig.16 It is the circuit diagram indicating the operation status;

[0059] Fig.17 This is the fault alarm circuit diagram;

[0060] Fig.18 This is the circuit diagram of AC 220V to DC 5V power supply;

[0061] Fig.19 This is the DC5V to DC3.3V power supply circuit diagram;

[0062] Fig. 20 This is the circuit diagram of DC5V to DC5V isolated power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] It should be understood that the step numbers used in this document are only for convenience of description and are not intended to limit the order in which the steps are executed.

[0065] It should be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0066] The terms “include” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0067] The term "and / or" means and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0068] Embodiment 1:

[0069] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following will be combined with the specific embodiments of the present application and refer to the attached Figure 1 , clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention.

[0070] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a circuit for an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a distribution switch, comprising: a multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit for the operation status of the distribution switch, a main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, a 485 communication circuit, an Ethernet communication circuit, a human-machine operation display circuit, an operation status indication circuit, a fault alarm circuit and a device power supply circuit, wherein:

[0071] The distribution switch operation status multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit is used to collect data and perform feature extraction and conditioning on the distribution switch circuit breaker opening half-axis mechanism displacement signal, closing half-axis mechanism displacement signal, energy storage crank arm displacement signal, mechanical state vibration signal, energy storage motor working current signal, opening coil working current signal and closing coil working current signal, and transmit the collected switch operation status multi-dimensional sensor signal to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit;

[0072] The multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit for the operating status of the distribution switch includes: an energy storage crank arm displacement signal sampling circuit, a closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, an opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, a position signal conditioning circuit, a switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit, a vibration signal conditioning circuit, an energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, an opening coil working current signal sampling circuit, a closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and a current signal conditioning circuit.

[0073] The energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure, wherein the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit structure is as follows:

[0074] A capacitor C5 is connected between the positive pole and the grounding terminal of the displacement sensor U1 of the energy storage crutch displacement signal sampling circuit. The sinusoidal output signal of the displacement sensor U1 is connected in sequence to capacitor C2, an amplifier circuit composed of resistor R2, resistor R6, capacitor C8 and operational amplifier chip D1, and finally connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. One end of capacitor C2 is connected to the sinusoidal output terminal of the displacement sensor U1, and the other end is connected to resistor R2. One end of resistor R2 is connected to capacitor C2, and the other end is connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D1. One end of resistor R6 is connected to the connection line between resistor R2 and the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D1, and the other end is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. Capacitor C8 is connected in parallel to resistor R6. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D1 is connected to capacitor C2, and the output terminal is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. The corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7; the cosine output signal of the displacement sensor U1 is connected in sequence to the capacitor C14, the amplifier circuit composed of the resistor R18, the resistor R20, the capacitor C16 and the operational amplifier chip D5, and finally connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, one end of the capacitor C14 is connected to the cosine output terminal of the displacement sensor U1, and the other end is connected to the resistor R18, one end of the resistor R18 is connected to the capacitor C14, and the other end is connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D5, one end of the resistor R20 is connected to the connection line between the resistor R18 and the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D5, and the other end is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, the capacitor C16 is connected in parallel to the resistor R20, the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D5 is connected to the capacitor C14, and the output end is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit.

[0075] The energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure; the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit include a position signal conditioning circuit, one end of the position signal conditioning circuit is connected to the output end of the displacement sensor U1, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. Through signal amplification and filtering operations, the weak displacement signal collected by the sensor is enhanced and optimized, so that the single-chip microcomputer of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit can accurately identify and analyze it.

[0076] In this embodiment:

[0077] like Figure 3As shown: The energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit and conditioning circuit mainly include displacement signal sampling, signal filtering, and signal conditioning. The KMXP5000 displacement sensor is used. The sensor chip has high resolution and high precision. The magnetoresistive (MR) sensor provides non-contact measurement with an accuracy range of 10-50μm in the range of 1-5 mm. The C5 capacitor acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the working power supply of the KMXP5000 displacement sensor. When the position of the energy storage arm changes, the KMXP5000 displacement sensor generates sine and cosine output signals, which are amplified by the AD8605 op amp chip and sent to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit U7STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller for data processing. The C2 capacitor and the C14 capacitor filter the sine and cosine signals output by the KMXP5000 displacement sensor respectively. The R2 resistor, R6 resistor, C8 capacitor and D1 AD8605 op amp chip form the sine signal output by the displacement sensor for signal amplification. The R18 resistor, R20 resistor, C16 capacitor and D5 AD8605 op amp chip form the cosine signal output by the displacement sensor for signal amplification. Both are finally sent to the U7STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller for data processing. The energy storage arm displacement signal waveform is shown in the figure below: Figure 4 shown.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown: the displacement signal sampling circuit of the closing mechanism mainly includes three parts: displacement signal sampling, signal filtering, and signal conditioning. The KMXP5000 displacement sensor is used. The sensor chip has a high resolution and high precision magnetoresistive (MR) sensor non-contact measurement and provides an accuracy range of 10-50μm in the range of 1-5 mm. The C35 capacitor acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the working power supply of the KMXP5000 displacement sensor. When the position of the energy storage arm changes, the KMXP5000 displacement sensor generates sine and cosine output signals, which are amplified by the AD8605 op amp chip and sent to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit U7STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller for data processing. The C33 capacitor and the C41 capacitor filter the sine and cosine signals output by the KMXP5000 displacement sensor respectively. The R51 resistor, R53 resistor, C36 capacitor and D11 AD8605 operational amplifier chip constitute the sine signal output by the displacement sensor for signal amplification. The R60 resistor, R63 resistor, C43 capacitor and D12 AD8605 operational amplifier chip constitute the cosine signal output by the displacement sensor for signal amplification. Both are finally sent to the U7STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller for data processing.

[0079] like Figure 6As shown: The displacement signal sampling circuit of the opening mechanism mainly includes three parts: displacement signal sampling, signal filtering, and signal conditioning. The KMXP5000 displacement sensor is used. The sensor chip has high resolution and high precision. The magnetoresistive (MR) sensor provides non-contact measurement with an accuracy range of 10-50μm in the range of 1-5 mm. The C23 capacitor acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the working power supply of the KMXP5000 displacement sensor. When the position of the energy storage arm changes, the KMXP5000 displacement sensor generates sine and cosine output signals, which are amplified by the AD8605 op amp chip and sent to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit U7STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller for data processing. The C21 capacitor and the C29 capacitor filter the sine and cosine signals output by the KMXP5000 displacement sensor respectively. The R28 resistor, R32 resistor, C24 capacitor and 9 AD8605 operational amplifier chip constitute the sine signal output by the displacement sensor for signal amplification. The R42 resistor, R45 resistor, C31 capacitor and D10 AD8605 operational amplifier chip constitute the cosine signal output by the displacement sensor for signal amplification. Both are finally sent to the U7STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller for data processing.

[0080] The structure of the switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit is as follows: a capacitor C46 is connected between the positive electrode of the sensor chip U10 and the ground terminal; the output terminal of the sensor chip U10 is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the microcontroller U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit via resistors R67 and R68.

[0081] The switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit includes a vibration signal conditioning circuit, one end of the vibration signal conditioning circuit is connected to the output end of the sensor chip U10, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. By amplifying and filtering the vibration signal, the accuracy and reliability of the entire monitoring and diagnosis device for monitoring the mechanical state of the distribution switch are improved.

[0082] In this embodiment:

[0083] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure: The switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit uses the ADXL375 sensor chip of Analog Devices as the switch mechanism mechanical state detection sensor. The ADXL375 is a small and thin 3-axis accelerometer with low power consumption and high resolution performance, and a measurement range of ±200g. The digital output data is in 16-bit binary complement format and can be accessed through SPI (3-wire or 4-wire) or FC digital interface. The ADXL375 sensor functional block diagram is shown in the figure. Figure 8 shown.

[0084] The ADXL375 sensor is configured in IC mode when the CS pin on pin 12 is connected to 3.3V. IC mode requires a simple 2-wire connection, and the ADXL375 supports standard (100kHz) and fast (400kHz) data transmission modes. It supports single or multiple byte reads and writes. The device can measure both dynamic acceleration caused by motion or shock and static acceleration. The sensor is a polysilicon surface micromachined structure placed on the top of the wafer. Polysilicon springs suspend the structure above the wafer surface and resist acceleration forces. The differential capacitor consists of an independent fixed plate and a moving mass connection plate, which can measure the deflection of the structure. Acceleration causes the inertial mass to deflect and the differential capacitor to unbalance, so that the amplitude of the sensor output is proportional to the acceleration. Phase-sensitive demodulation is used to determine the amplitude and polarity of the acceleration. Capacitor C46 acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the working power supply of ADXL375 sensor U10. Resistors R67 and R68 are pull-up resistors for the I2C output signal of ADXL375 sensor to ensure communication stability. The mechanical state signal of the switch mechanism is sent to the U7STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller for data processing.

[0085] The energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure, wherein the structure of the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit is as follows: a capacitor C6 is connected between the positive pole of the signal current sampling chip U2 and the ground terminal, the output end of the signal current sampling chip U2 is sequentially connected to a resistor R7, a capacitor C10 connected in parallel with the resistor R7, and a π-type signal filtering circuit composed of a capacitor C9, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier 1A, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier 1A is connected to a resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the connection line between the output end of the operational amplifier 1A and the positive input end of the operational amplifier 1B, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier 1B is connected to a resistor R15, the output end of the operational amplifier 1B is connected to a resistor R3, the other end of R15 is connected to the connection line between the output end of the operational amplifier 1B and the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the corresponding input end of the single-chip microcomputer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit.

[0086] The energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure, and the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit include a current signal conditioning circuit; one end of the current signal conditioning circuit is connected to the output end of the signal current sampling chip U2, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, which is used to filter and amplify the collected original current signal, and can highlight the change characteristics of the current signal under the fault state, and provide a reliable basis for the main control circuit to judge the fault type and cause of the distribution switch.

[0087] In this embodiment:

[0088] like Fig. 9 As shown, the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit mainly includes three parts: energy storage motor current sampling, π-type signal filtering, and signal conditioning. The energy storage motor current sampling uses the ACS758ECB-050B signal current sampling chip U2 of Jiesheng Micro Semiconductor. The ACS758 series is an open-loop current sensor module chip based on the Hall effect principle. The ACS758 consists of a high-precision, low-noise, low-temperature drift linear Hall IC, a magnetic core, and a low insertion resistance (0.12mΩ) current conductor path (located near the mold surface). The external current flowing through this conductor path will generate a magnetic field, and the chip will convert it into a voltage signal output proportional to the input current. The C6 capacitor acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the working power supply of the ACS758ECB-050B sensor U2. The C10 capacitor, the R7 resistor, and the C9 capacitor constitute a π-type signal filtering circuit. The R14 resistor and the 1A operational amplifier LM358 form a voltage follower design, which acts as a signal buffer and isolation in the circuit to increase input impedance, reduce signal loss, increase load capacity, and reduce the impact of direct connection between circuits. The C1 capacitor acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the 1A operational amplifier LM358 working power supply. The R12 resistor, the R15 resistor and the 1B operational amplifier LM358 form a signal amplification, and the amplification factor = 1 + R15 / R12, and the R3 resistor and the C7 capacitor form an RC low-pass filter circuit.

[0089] like Fig.10As shown: The closing coil working current signal sampling circuit mainly includes three parts: energy storage motor current sampling, π-type signal filtering, and signal conditioning. The closing coil working current sampling uses the ACS758ECB-050B signal current sampling chip U3 of Jiesheng Micro Semiconductor. The ACS758 series is an open-loop current sensor module chip based on the Hall effect principle. The ACS758 consists of a high-precision, low-noise, low-temperature drift linear Hall IC, a magnetic core, and a low insertion resistance (0.12mΩ) current conductor path (located near the mold surface). The external current flowing through this conductor path will generate a magnetic field, and the chip will convert it into a voltage signal output proportional to the input current. The C15 capacitor acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the working power supply of the ACS758ECB-050B sensor U3. The C18 capacitor, the R23 resistor, and the C19 capacitor constitute a π-type signal filtering circuit. The R25 resistor and the 2A operational amplifier LM358 form a voltage follower design, which acts as a signal buffer and isolation in the circuit to increase input impedance, reduce signal loss, increase load capacity, and reduce the impact of direct connection between circuits. The C12 capacitor acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the working power supply of the 2A operational amplifier LM358. The R24 resistor, the R26 resistor and the 2B operational amplifier LM358 form a signal amplification, and the amplification factor = 1 + R26 / R24, and the R21 resistor and the C17 capacitor form an RC low-pass filter circuit.

[0090] like Fig.11As shown, the signal sampling circuit of the working current of the opening coil mainly includes three parts: energy storage motor current sampling, π-type signal filtering, and signal conditioning. The working current sampling of the closing coil adopts the ACS758ECB-050B signal current sampling chip U6 of Jiesheng Micro Semiconductor. The ACS758 series is an open-loop current sensor module chip based on the Hall effect principle. The ACS758 consists of a high-precision, low-noise, low-temperature drift linear Hall IC, a magnetic core and a low insertion resistance (0.12mΩ) current conductor path (located near the mold surface). The external current flowing through this conductor path will generate a magnetic field, and the chip will convert it into a voltage signal output proportional to the input current. The C25 capacitor acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the working power supply of the ACS758ECB-050B sensor U6. The C27 capacitor, the R38 resistor and the C28 capacitor constitute a π-type signal filtering circuit. The R40 resistor and the 3A operational amplifier LM358 form a voltage follower design, which acts as a signal buffer and isolation in the circuit to increase input impedance, reduce signal loss, increase load capacity, and reduce the impact of direct connection between circuits. The C20 capacitor acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the 3A operational amplifier LM358 working power supply. The R39 resistor, the R41 resistor and the 3B operational amplifier LM358 form a signal amplification, and the amplification factor = 1 + R41 / R39, and the R35 resistor and the C26 capacitor form an RC low-pass filter circuit.

[0091] The main control analysis and diagnosis circuit is used to analyze the data of the multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit, determine whether the power distribution switch is faulty, and output the judgment result to the control operation status indication circuit, fault alarm circuit, and human-machine operation display circuit, and can also interact with the 485 communication circuit and Ethernet communication circuit for data;

[0092] In this embodiment:

[0093] like Fig.12As shown in the figure, the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit mainly uses STMicroelectronics STM32F103RDT6 model microcontroller as the data processing unit, and the designed microcontroller peripheral hardware circuit module includes hardware watchdog circuit, main control circuit and data storage unit circuit. STM32F103RDT6 includes a high-performance arm Cortex M3 32-bit RISC core with an operating frequency of 72MHz, high-speed embedded memory (flash memory up to 512 kilobytes, SRAM up to 64 kilobytes), and a wide range of enhanced I / O and peripheral devices connected to two APB buses. All devices provide three 12-bit ADCs, four general-purpose 16-bit timers plus two PWM timers, and standard and advanced communication interfaces: up to two I2Cs, three SPIs, two I2Ss, one SDIO, five USARTs, one USB and one CAN. Capacitor C32, capacitor C34, capacitor C37, capacitor C38 and capacitor C42 act as voltage stabilizing filter capacitors for the working power supply of the 485 chip U7 microcontroller STM32F103RDT6.

[0094] The 485 communication circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, so as to enable the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit to communicate with other devices through 485;

[0095] In this embodiment:

[0096] like Fig.13 As shown, the U7 single-chip STM32F103RDT6 and the U9 SIT3485ISO485 chip communicate using the serial port UARTI RXD and UARTI TXD. The resistor R64 and the capacitor C44 form a signal low-pass filter circuit, the diode D13 acts as a signal backfeed protection circuit, the transistor Q1 and the resistor R58 form a 485 chip enable control circuit, and C39 acts as a voltage stabilizing filter capacitor for the 485 chip U9SIT3485ISO working power supply. U9 is the 485 chip SIT3485ISO, the resistor R66 is a pull-up resistor, the resistor R55 is a pull-down resistor, and the resistor R57 and the resistor R62 are cache protection circuits, which have a signal overcurrent protection function. VP1, VP2 and VP3 are TVS diodes that suppress overvoltage and electrostatic protection of the 485 communication port, and protect the subsequent circuit from voltage overvoltage impact protection. F1 and F2 are fuses that act as overcurrent protection, suppressing overcurrent impact and protecting the subsequent signal circuit. R61 is a 120Ω matching resistor to improve the long-distance 485 communication quality.

[0097] The Ethernet communication circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit to provide Ethernet communication function for the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, and transmit the monitoring data of the power distribution switch to the network for remote monitoring and management;

[0098] In this embodiment:

[0099] like Fig.14 As shown, U4 is the W5500 chip, which is an embedded Ethernet controller with an integrated full hardware TCP / IP protocol stack. It is also an industrial-grade Ethernet control chip. The W5500 supports a high-speed standard 4-wire SPI interface to communicate with the host. The theoretical SPI rate can reach 80MHz. It also integrates the Ethernet data link layer (MAC) and the 10BaseT / 100BaseTX Ethernet physical layer (PHY), supports automatic negotiation (10 / 100-Based full-duplex / half-duplex), power-down mode and network wake-up functions. Unlike traditional software protocol stacks, the 8 independent hardware sockets embedded in the W5500 can perform 8-way independent communication. The communication efficiency of the 8-way sockets does not affect each other, and the size of each socket can be flexibly defined through the 32K-byte receive / transmit buffer on the W5500 chip. Resistors R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, R48 and R49 are pull-up resistors, X1 is a crystal oscillator, and resistors R31, R33 and R34 are pull-up resistors. The W5500 chip U4 and the U7 microcontroller STM32F103RDT6 communicate via the SPI interface.

[0100] The human-machine operation display circuit interacts with the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit through the serial port TTL communication data, and drives the display screen to display the operating status and fault information of the distribution switch;

[0101] In this embodiment:

[0102] like Fig.15 As shown, the human-machine operation display circuit mainly includes a display screen drive circuit and a display screen module, U12 is a display screen driver chip SP3232EEY-L / TR, C49 capacitors and C52 capacitors are used for frequency modulation, U7 STM32F103RDT6 microcontroller communicates with the display screen driver chip SP3232EEY-L / TR through the serial ports UART2 TX and UART2 RX, and C49 capacitors and C50 capacitors act as voltage stabilizing filter capacitors for the working power supply of the U12 display screen driver chip. D16 and D18 are TVS diodes that suppress overvoltage at the display screen port and protect subsequent circuits from voltage overvoltage impact protection devices. J3 is a display screen interface terminal block.

[0103] The operating status indication circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, and is used to control the on and off of different indicator lights to intuitively display various states of the power distribution switch according to the fault judgment results output by the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit;

[0104] In this embodiment:

[0105] like Fig.16As shown, the operation status indication circuit is composed of a power indicator light circuit, an operation indication circuit, a switch jam fault indication circuit, a switch disconnection indication circuit, a 485 communication status indication circuit and a network port communication status indication circuit. The light-emitting diode D2 and the resistor R1 form the power indicator light circuit. The light-emitting diode D3, the resistor R5 and the drive signal YX_LED form the operation indication circuit. The light-emitting diode D4, the resistor R13 and the drive signal KSGZ_LED form the switch jam fault indication circuit. The light-emitting diode D5, the resistor R16 and the drive signal DXGZ_LED form the switch disconnection indication circuit. The light-emitting diode D7, the resistor R19 and the drive signal 485_LED form the 485 communication status indication circuit. The light-emitting diode D8, the resistor R22 and the drive signal CAN_LED form the network port communication status indication circuit.

[0106] The fault alarm circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. The fault alarm circuit is composed of an optical coupling isolation circuit and a fault alarm relay node control circuit. When the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit determines that the distribution switch fails, the relay is controlled to work, so that the relevant nodes are turned on or off, and an alarm signal is issued. At the same time, the diode provides a freewheeling path for the relay coil when the power is off;

[0107] In this embodiment:

[0108] like Fig.17 As shown, the fault alarm circuit is composed of an optocoupler isolation circuit and a fault alarm relay node control circuit. When the fault alarm signal GZBJ_OUT output by the U7 STM32F103RDT6 single chip microcomputer is low, the U11 optocoupler working pin 3 is high, and the Q2 transistor S8050 is driven to work through the low-pass filter circuit composed of the R71 resistor and the C48 capacitor, the relay RLY1 coil is energized, and the relay working GBJ-OUT1 and GBJ-OUT2 nodes are turned on. When the fault alarm signal GZBJ_OUT is high, the U11 optocoupler working pin 3 is low, the Q2 transistor S8050 does not work, the relay RLY1 coil is de-energized, the relay does not work, the relay working GBJ-OUT1 and GBJ-OUT2 nodes are disconnected, and the diode provides a freewheeling path for the inductive electromotive force when the relay coil is de-energized to protect the relay.

[0109] The device power supply circuit provides electrical energy to the entire device circuit.

[0110] In this embodiment: the device power supply circuit includes an AC 220V to DC 5V power supply circuit, a DC 5V to DC 3.3V power supply circuit, and a DC 5V to DC 5V isolated power supply circuit.

[0111] like Fig.18As shown in the figure, the AC 220V to DC 5V power supply circuit design, R72 is a thermal protection device, F3 is a fuse overcurrent protection circuit, R73 is a varistor overvoltage protection circuit, C63 is an X capacitor voltage stabilization filter. U15 is a LDE05-20B05 power module, the AC 220V input power module outputs DC5V, EC1 and EC2 are aluminum electrolytic capacitors for voltage stabilization, capacitors C54 and C55 are 5V voltage capacitors for filtering.

[0112] like Fig.19 As shown in the figure, the DC5V to DC3.3V power supply circuit design, D19 is a TVS diode that plays an overvoltage and electrostatic protection role to protect the subsequent circuit. Capacitors C56 and C57 have a voltage stabilization and filtering role, U13 is the power conversion chip LM1117-3.3 output DC3.3V, TC1 is a tantalum capacitor that has a voltage stabilization and filtering role, and capacitor C58 has a filtering role.

[0113] like Fig. 20 As shown, the DC5V to DC5V isolated power supply circuit is designed. Capacitor C59 and capacitor C60 have the function of voltage stabilization and filtering. U14 is the power isolation module B0505S-1WR2 to isolate the output DC5V. Capacitor C61 and capacitor C62 have the function of voltage stabilization and filtering.

[0114] Embodiment 2:

[0115] This embodiment provides a method for using a circuit of an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch, including:

[0116] Step S1, signal acquisition and preprocessing: during the operation of the distribution switch, the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit collect the position change signals of the distribution switch related springs, spring operating mechanisms and rotating shafts; the switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit collects the mechanical vibration signals generated during the energy storage process and the opening and closing processes of the distribution switch circuit breaker; the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit collect the current signals of the distribution switch circuit breaker during the energy storage, closing and opening processes; and the collected signals are preprocessed through the position signal conditioning circuit, the vibration signal conditioning circuit and the current signal conditioning circuit;

[0117] Step S2, analysis and diagnosis: transmitting the collected position signal, vibration signal and current signal to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit for analysis and diagnosis;

[0118] Step S3, human-machine interaction and information display: the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit sends the analyzed distribution switch operation status information to the human-machine operation display circuit, drives the display screen to display relevant information, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively understand the working status of the distribution switch; the operation and maintenance personnel send instructions to the distribution switch intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device by operating the human-machine interface;

[0119] Step S4, fault alarm and indication: when the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit determines that the distribution switch is faulty, an alarm signal is sent out through the fault alarm circuit. At the same time, the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit controls the corresponding indicator light in the operation status indication circuit to light up or go out, intuitively indicating the fault type of the distribution switch, so as to facilitate the operation and maintenance personnel to quickly locate the fault;

[0120] Step S5, data communication and remote monitoring: The main control analysis and diagnosis circuit transmits the operation data and fault information of the distribution switch to the remote monitoring center or other equipment through the 485 communication circuit or Ethernet communication circuit, realizing remote transmission and sharing of data, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can perform remote monitoring and management.

[0121] Embodiment three:

[0122] This embodiment provides an electronic device having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, a method for using a circuit of an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch as described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0123] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can be represented by: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0124] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in a combination of electronic hardware, computer software, and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0125] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0126] In several embodiments provided in the present application, if any function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory; hereinafter referred to as: ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory; hereinafter referred to as: RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code. The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit for intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis of a power distribution switch, characterized in that: include: The distribution switch operation status multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit, main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, 485 communication circuit, Ethernet communication circuit, human-machine operation display circuit, operation status indication circuit, fault alarm circuit and device power supply circuit, including: The distribution switch operation status multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit is used to collect data and perform feature extraction and conditioning on the distribution switch circuit breaker opening half-axis mechanism displacement signal, closing half-axis mechanism displacement signal, energy storage crank arm displacement signal, mechanical state vibration signal, energy storage motor working current signal, opening coil working current signal and closing coil working current signal, and transmit the collected switch operation status multi-dimensional sensor signal to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit; The main control analysis and diagnosis circuit is used to analyze the data of the multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit, determine whether the power distribution switch is faulty, and output the judgment result to the control operation status indication circuit, fault alarm circuit, and human-machine operation display circuit, and can also interact with the 485 communication circuit and Ethernet communication circuit for data; The 485 communication circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, so as to enable the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit to communicate with other devices through 485; The Ethernet communication circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit to provide Ethernet communication function for the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, and transmit the monitoring data of the power distribution switch to the network for remote monitoring and management; The human-machine operation display circuit interacts with the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit through the serial port TTL communication data, and drives the display screen to display the operating status and fault information of the distribution switch; The operating status indication circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, and is used to control the on and off of different indicator lights to intuitively display various states of the power distribution switch according to the fault judgment results output by the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit; The fault alarm circuit is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. The fault alarm circuit is composed of an optical coupling isolation circuit and a fault alarm relay node control circuit. When the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit determines that the distribution switch fails, the relay is controlled to work, so that the relevant nodes are turned on or off, and an alarm signal is issued. At the same time, the diode provides a freewheeling path for the relay coil when the power is off; The device power supply circuit provides electrical energy to the entire device circuit.

2. A circuit method for an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional sensor signal sampling and conditioning circuit for the operating status of the distribution switch includes: an energy storage crank arm displacement signal sampling circuit, a closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, an opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, a position signal conditioning circuit, a switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit, a vibration signal conditioning circuit, an energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, an opening coil working current signal sampling circuit, a closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and a current signal conditioning circuit.

3. A circuit method for an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure, wherein the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit structure is as follows: A capacitor C5 is connected between the positive pole and the grounding terminal of the displacement sensor U1 of the energy storage crutch displacement signal sampling circuit. The sinusoidal output signal of the displacement sensor U1 is connected in sequence to capacitor C2, an amplifier circuit composed of resistor R2, resistor R6, capacitor C8 and operational amplifier chip D1, and finally connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. One end of capacitor C2 is connected to the sinusoidal output terminal of the displacement sensor U1, and the other end is connected to resistor R2. One end of resistor R2 is connected to capacitor C2, and the other end is connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D1. One end of resistor R6 is connected to the connection line between resistor R2 and the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D1, and the other end is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. Capacitor C8 is connected in parallel to resistor R6. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D1 is connected to capacitor C2, and the output terminal is connected to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. The corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7; the cosine output signal of the displacement sensor U1 is connected in sequence to the capacitor C14, the amplifier circuit composed of the resistor R18, the resistor R20, the capacitor C16 and the operational amplifier chip D5, and finally connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, one end of the capacitor C14 is connected to the cosine output terminal of the displacement sensor U1, and the other end is connected to the resistor R18, one end of the resistor R18 is connected to the capacitor C14, and the other end is connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D5, one end of the resistor R20 is connected to the connection line between the resistor R18 and the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D5, and the other end is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, the capacitor C16 is connected in parallel to the resistor R20, the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier chip D5 is connected to the capacitor C14, and the output end is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the single-chip computer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit.

4. A circuit method for an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit is as follows: a capacitor C46 is connected between the positive electrode of the sensor chip U10 and the ground terminal; the output terminal of the sensor chip U10 is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the microcontroller U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit via resistors R67 and R68.

5. A circuit method for an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure, wherein the structure of the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit is as follows: a capacitor C6 is connected between the positive pole of the signal current sampling chip U2 and the ground terminal, the output end of the signal current sampling chip U2 is sequentially connected to a resistor R7, a capacitor C10 connected in parallel with the resistor R7, and a π-type signal filtering circuit composed of a capacitor C9, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier 1A, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier 1A is connected to a resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the connection line between the output end of the operational amplifier 1A and the positive input end of the operational amplifier 1B, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier 1B is connected to a resistor R15, the output end of the operational amplifier 1B is connected to a resistor R3, the other end of R15 is connected to the connection line between the output end of the operational amplifier 1B and the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the corresponding input end of the single-chip microcomputer U7 of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit.

6. A circuit method for an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure; the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit, and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit include a position signal conditioning circuit, one end of the position signal conditioning circuit is connected to the output end of the displacement sensor U1, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. Through signal amplification and filtering operations, the weak displacement signal collected by the sensor is enhanced and optimized, so that the single-chip microcomputer of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit can accurately identify and analyze it.

7. A circuit method for an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit includes a vibration signal conditioning circuit, one end of the vibration signal conditioning circuit is connected to the output end of the sensor chip U10, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit. By amplifying and filtering the vibration signal, the accuracy and reliability of the entire monitoring and diagnosis device for monitoring the mechanical state of the distribution switch are improved.

8. A circuit method for an intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a power distribution switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit are based on the same topological structure, and the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit include a current signal conditioning circuit; one end of the current signal conditioning circuit is connected to the output end of the signal current sampling chip U2, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit, which is used to filter and amplify the collected original current signal, and can highlight the change characteristics of the current signal under the fault state, and provide a reliable basis for the main control circuit to judge the fault type and cause of the distribution switch.

9. A method for using a circuit of a distribution switch intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, signal acquisition and preprocessing: during the operation of the distribution switch, the energy storage arm displacement signal sampling circuit, the closing mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit and the opening mechanism displacement signal sampling circuit collect the position change signals of the distribution switch related springs, spring operating mechanisms and rotating shafts; the switch mechanism mechanical state signal sampling circuit collects the mechanical vibration signals generated during the energy storage process and the opening and closing processes of the distribution switch circuit breaker; the energy storage motor working current signal sampling circuit, the closing coil working current signal sampling circuit and the opening coil working current signal sampling circuit collect the current signals of the distribution switch circuit breaker during the energy storage, closing and opening processes; and the collected signals are preprocessed through the position signal conditioning circuit, the vibration signal conditioning circuit and the current signal conditioning circuit; Step S2, analysis and diagnosis: transmitting the collected position signal, vibration signal and current signal to the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit for analysis and diagnosis; Step S3, human-machine interaction and information display: the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit sends the analyzed distribution switch operation status information to the human-machine operation display circuit, drives the display screen to display relevant information, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively understand the working status of the distribution switch; the operation and maintenance personnel send instructions to the distribution switch intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device by operating the human-machine interface; Step S4, fault alarm and indication: when the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit determines that the distribution switch is faulty, an alarm signal is sent out through the fault alarm circuit. At the same time, the main control analysis and diagnosis circuit controls the corresponding indicator light in the operation status indication circuit to light up or go out, intuitively indicating the fault type of the distribution switch, so as to facilitate the operation and maintenance personnel to quickly locate the fault; Step S5, data communication and remote monitoring: The main control analysis and diagnosis circuit transmits the operation data and fault information of the distribution switch to the remote monitoring center or other equipment through the 485 communication circuit or Ethernet communication circuit, realizing remote transmission and sharing of data, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can perform remote monitoring and management.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the method for using the circuit of the intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a distribution switch as described in claim 9 is implemented.

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