Identification method for different types of board cards
By presetting dedicated pins on video boards and combining redundancy mechanisms and weighted averaging methods, the MCU can quickly and accurately identify different types of boards, solving the problems of errors and adaptation difficulties in the prior art, and improving the robustness and flexibility of the system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510055191.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to quickly and accurately identify and adapt different types of boards, and is susceptible to environmental interference, resulting in identification errors.
By presetting dedicated pins on the video board, the MCU reads and compares the level state, combining the redundancy mechanism and weighted averaging method, the board type can be quickly and accurately identified.
It improves the robustness and flexibility of the system, and can accurately identify board types in a variety of complex application scenarios, reducing the recognition error rate and system cost.
Smart Images
Figure SMS_1
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic board and card identification, and in particular to a method for identifying boards and cards of different types. Background Art
[0002] With the advancement of technology and the diversification of application scenarios, there are many types of hardware devices in the field of video acquisition and processing, including analog acquisition cards, digital acquisition cards, soft compression cards, hard compression cards, etc. Each device has different requirements in terms of functions and performance, which requires the system to be able to flexibly identify and adapt to different types of boards.
[0003] In modern electronic systems, the connection between the motherboard and various external devices is becoming increasingly complex. In order to ensure the stability and reliability of the system, it is necessary to be able to quickly and accurately identify the type of connected board in order to allocate and configure resources accordingly. Traditional identification methods may rely on fixed hardware configurations or manual settings, which can easily lead to identification errors or incompatibility issues. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an automated and intelligent identification solution. In practical applications, environmental interference (such as electromagnetic interference, signal noise, etc.) may affect the level state of the pins, resulting in identification errors. Therefore, it is necessary to design an identification mechanism that can resist interference and ensure level stability. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for identifying different types of boards and cards, which is based on the response to diversified hardware requirements, the challenge of system integration complexity and the pursuit of identification accuracy; it provides an efficient and reliable board and card type identification solution, and further enhances the robustness and flexibility of the system by introducing a redundancy mechanism and a weighted average method, making it suitable for a variety of complex application scenarios.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for identifying different types of boards and cards comprises the following steps: a. Preset at least one dedicated pin for type identification on the video board, the level state of the pin is related to the board type, the level state includes high level and low level, and each level combination represents a specific type of board; b. The MCU on the mainboard is configured with a plurality of GPIO ports for reading the level status of the dedicated pins, and the MCU reads the pin level through an interrupt mechanism or a timing polling mechanism; c. The MCU compares the read level status with the internally stored level status table and determines the type of the video board by the level combination; d. If the comparison is successful, the MCU feeds back the recognition result to the main system for subsequent operations; if the comparison fails, the MCU starts the error handling mechanism and provides an alternative diagnostic method.
[0006] Preferably, the level status table includes a plurality of pin level combinations, each level combination corresponds to a different video board type, and the level combination is represented by a combination of a plurality of pins.
[0007] Preferably, the level status table is stored in the MCU memory via a configuration file or hard-coded form, and each level combination represents a board type, such as an analog acquisition card, a digital acquisition card, a soft compression card, etc.
[0008] Preferably, when the MCU reads the level status, a de-jitter mechanism is adopted to read the level multiple times and confirm it, so as to ensure that the comparison is performed only after the level status is stable.
[0009] Preferably, when the read level status does not match any combination in the level status table, the MCU triggers an error handling mechanism to report an unrecognized board type or perform backup diagnosis.
[0010] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: A redundant level state is provided through a plurality of redundant pins to enhance the reliability of identification. The redundant pin has the same level output as the main pin and is used to verify the level state of the main pin.
[0011] Preferably, during level comparison, if the level states of the redundant pin and the main pin are inconsistent, the system makes a comprehensive judgment through a weighted average method, gives priority to pins with higher level stability, and finally determines the board type.
[0012] Preferably, the weighted average method assigns different weights to different pins, so that pins with higher weights contribute more to level judgment, thereby reducing the impact of interfering pins on the recognition result.
[0013] Preferably, after reading the level for the first time, the MCU re-reads and verifies to confirm whether the level is stable. If the two reading results are consistent, the subsequent identification operation continues; if they are inconsistent, the error recovery mechanism is triggered.
[0014] Preferably, when redundant pins and the weighted average method cannot be accurately identified, the system automatically rolls back to a default state through an error recovery mechanism, or notifies the user through a debugging interface to perform troubleshooting.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for identifying different types of boards and cards, which is based on the response to diversified hardware requirements, the challenge of system integration complexity and the pursuit of identification accuracy; it provides an efficient and reliable board and card type identification solution, and further enhances the robustness and flexibility of the system by introducing a redundancy mechanism and a weighted average method, making it suitable for a variety of complex application scenarios.
[0016] The present invention does not require complex communication protocols or additional hardware, and can quickly and accurately identify the board type only by reading the pin level, reducing the demand for additional hardware and complex software, reducing system costs, and accurately identifying the board type helps the system to reasonably allocate resources and optimize performance, thereby improving the overall stability and operating efficiency of the system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be used for other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
[0018] The present invention provides a method for identifying boards of different types, comprising the following steps: Step 1: presetting at least one dedicated pin for type identification on the video board, wherein the level state of the pin is related to the board type, the level state includes a high level and a low level, and each level combination represents a specific type of board; Specifically, the selection of dedicated pins: In the design of the video board, one or more pins are selected as type identification pins. These pins are connected to different circuit parts of the board by hardware circuits to output the level status related to the board type. Depending on the type of video board, each dedicated pin will output a different level state when the board is powered on. The common level standard is the CMOS logic level, as follows: A high level (such as 3.3V or 5V) indicates a specific state or board type.
[0019] A low level (such as 0V) indicates another board type or state.
[0020] Level distribution: To ensure that each board type has a unique identification mark, the level state of each board type on the dedicated pin can be defined through hardware circuit design. Each level combination represents a specific type of board.
[0021] Dedicated pin configuration and presets: When designing, determine the number and order of pins to ensure that the pins can be correctly identified when the board is connected to the motherboard. Assume that the board can preset 4 identification pins, where the level state of each identification pin output corresponds to a different board type (analog acquisition card, digital acquisition card, software compression card, etc.).
[0022] Make sure these dedicated pins can withstand high-frequency level changes to avoid recognition errors due to signal interference.
[0023] Step 2: The MCU on the mainboard is configured with multiple GPIO ports for reading the level status of the dedicated pins. The MCU reads the pin level through an interrupt mechanism or a timed polling mechanism. Specifically: MCU configuration: On the motherboard, select an MCU with multiple GPIO (general purpose input and output) ports, such as the common STM32 series, Atmel AVR series, or ESP32 series. Configure the MCU's GPIO ports to receive external level signals. Each GPIO port can detect the digital level state, that is, high or low.
[0024] Dedicated pin reading mechanism: During the MCU initialization process, configure the GPIO port to input mode to ensure that the level status of the dedicated pins connected to the video board can be read. Use the interrupt mechanism or the timed polling method to read the dedicated pin level status. When using the interrupt mechanism, the MCU will respond immediately when the dedicated pin level status changes; when using the timed polling mechanism, the MCU will read the dedicated pin level periodically. Each time it reads, the MCU checks the level of all dedicated pins and saves the read value for subsequent processing.
[0025] Level stability detection: When reading the level, in order to avoid short-term level jitter or interference, the MCU can design a de-jitter mechanism, such as reading the level value of multiple cycles for confirmation, and only compare after ensuring that the level state is stable.
[0026] Step 3: MCU compares the read level status with the internally stored level status table, and determines the type of video board by the level combination; specifically: Level status table design: The MCU stores a level status table, which maps the corresponding relationship between different pin level combinations and video board types. Assuming the board has 4 pins for identification, the level status table may be as follows:
[0027] This table can be stored in the MCU memory via a configuration file or hard-coded.
[0028] Level comparison and type identification: The level status read by the MCU is compared with the level status table. The comparison process is as follows: The MCU matches the read pin level (such as high level 3.3V or low level 0V) with the combination in the level status table.
[0029] If the match is successful, the MCU will determine the type of the current video board.
[0030] If the match fails (i.e. the read level state is not in the table), the MCU can trigger an error handling mechanism, report an unrecognized board type, or provide an alternative diagnostic method.
[0031] Error handling and checking: In order to avoid misidentification, the MCU can add a verification mechanism. The correctness of the level combination can be ensured through CRC verification or redundant comparison to reduce the misidentification rate.
[0032] If there is a conflict in the read level status, the MCU can perform remedial measures according to the design strategy and further verify it by comparing multiple level cycles or time series-based prediction algorithms.
[0033] Step 4: If the comparison is successful, the MCU feeds back the recognition result to the main system for subsequent operations; if the comparison fails, the MCU starts the error handling mechanism and provides an alternative diagnostic method; specifically: Recognition result feedback: After successfully identifying the board type, the MCU transmits the identification result to the main system through a communication interface (such as SPI, I2C or UART). The identification result usually includes: Board type number (such as analog acquisition card, digital acquisition card, etc.).
[0034] The system needs to perform operations based on the board type (such as allocating resources and adjusting system settings).
[0035] Subsequent operations and optimization: Depending on the type of board identified, the system will perform corresponding operations. If it is identified as a digital acquisition card, the system may enable the digital signal processing module. If it is identified as a hard compression card, the system will process data according to the hard compression algorithm.
[0036] The MCU can also work in conjunction with other system components, such as triggering automatic adjustments to hardware configurations, activating corresponding software modules, or displaying the board type on the system interface.
[0037] Furthermore, for more complex systems or multiple board types, multiple dedicated pins are used for level combination recognition to increase the accuracy and robustness of recognition, that is, multi-pin combination recognition. The level state of each pin represents the different characteristic dimensions of the board type. Pin 1 can represent the basic type of the board (analog, digital, etc.), pin 2 represents the functional characteristics of the board (acquisition, compression, etc.), and pins 3 and 4 represent the version or configuration of the board.
[0038] Optimization of identification logic: MCU obtains information of multiple feature dimensions by combining the level states of different pins, thereby effectively distinguishing different board types and reducing the probability of misidentification. The combined identification logic can be optimized through a weight mechanism. The level combination of certain pins contributes more to the identification of board types, and these pins can be given a higher weight.
[0039] Error handling and verification: In order to avoid misidentification, the MCU can add a verification mechanism. The correctness of the level combination can be ensured by CRC verification or redundant comparison to reduce the misidentification rate. The system can identify through a redundant mechanism to improve the reliability of identification. If the level state of a pin is abnormal, the redundant level combination can help correctly identify the board type.
[0040] In the above scheme, the redundancy mechanism includes multi-pin redundancy design, weighted average method, re-reading and verification mechanism; the specific scheme is as follows: 1. Multi-pin redundant design In order to improve the reliability and accuracy of system recognition, multiple redundant pins are used for level combination recognition. Each redundant pin combination is the same as the main pin combination, ensuring that the system can obtain correct recognition results through the redundant pins even if the signals of some pins are interfered.
[0041] Pin design: Multiple (such as 2-3) redundant pins can be designed on the motherboard as a backup for the main pin combination. These redundant pins have the same level output as the main pins, but can work independently with the main pins to verify and supplement the original signal.
[0042] If there are 4 main pins (pins 1, 2, 3, 4), another 2 redundant pins (pins 5, 6) can be designed, and their level output is exactly the same as the original pins 1, 2, 3, 4.
[0043] Advantages of redundant pins: It increases the chances of multiple level status verifications, can effectively reduce the impact of a single pin failure on the identification results, and improves the robustness of the system.
[0044] 2. Weighted average method When the level states of multiple pins are inconsistent, the weighted average method can be used to comprehensively determine which level combinations are more reliable. The weighted average method uses a weight assignment mechanism to give priority to those more stable or more critical pin signals, thereby reducing the impact of interfering pins on system judgment.
[0045] Weight assignment: Different weights can be assigned to pins based on their importance, signal stability, or the characteristics of each pin in the system design. Core pins (those with strong functional relevance) are assigned higher weights, while redundant pins and spare pins are assigned lower weights.
[0046] If the level status of the redundant pin and the main pin are inconsistent, the system will determine which pin's level is more in line with the actual situation based on the weighted value, and finally output a comprehensive level status.
[0047] Advantages: The weighted average method can not only reduce the impact of single pin interference, but also flexibly adjust the contribution of each pin according to system requirements to ensure the accuracy of the recognition results.
[0048] 3. Re-reading and verification mechanism In order to further improve the accuracy of recognition and avoid misrecognition, the system can re-read and verify the level after the initial reading to confirm whether the level is stable.
[0049] Re-reading: During the initial reading, if the level fluctuates or is abnormal, the system can read the level of the same pin again and compare it. If the two reading results are consistent, the system will continue with the subsequent recognition operation; otherwise, the system will trigger the error handling mechanism to avoid recognition errors.
[0050] Verification mechanism: Further verification of the read level, such as based on CRC verification or simple parity check, etc. This can ensure that the read level has not changed due to signal interference or hardware failure, reducing the probability of misidentification.
[0051] Furthermore, in addition to redundant pins and weighted average method, the system can also design a fault-tolerant mechanism to handle abnormalities that occur during the identification process of the system.
[0052] Error recovery: When the redundancy mechanism and verification method fail to effectively identify the correct result, the system can automatically restore to the preset default state or start the backup mode. If the recognition result cannot be confirmed, it will be restored to the "unknown" state or the user will be notified through other means.
[0053] Exception handling: You can design an exception handling process, the system automatically reports "recognition failure", and provides a debugging interface to troubleshoot hardware problems. This is crucial to avoid misoperation and improve system stability.
[0054] It should be noted that the workflow of the redundancy mechanism is: Level reading: The main pin and redundant pin are read simultaneously to ensure that the level status of each pin is correctly acquired.
[0055] The system reads the pin level and first performs an initial comparison to see if the levels of the main pin and the redundant pin are consistent.
[0056] Weighted Average: If the pin levels are inconsistent, the system will perform a weighted average based on the preset weights. Pins with higher weights (such as the main pin) will have priority in determining the level status.
[0057] The data of multiple redundant pins are weighted and integrated to form the final recognition result.
[0058] Re-read and verify: Read the level a second time and compare to ensure the stability of the signal. If the two readings are consistent, the level is considered stable and the board type can be identified.
[0059] If the reading results are inconsistent, the system will report an error or automatically select an alternate pin for a second round of identification.
[0060] Identification and Feedback: If the level combination matches the state table, the system determines the board type based on the state table.
[0061] Feedback recognition results to the system for subsequent operations, such as resource allocation, algorithm configuration, etc.
[0062] Error handling and recovery: If identification fails, the system attempts to fall back or use an alternate identification pin.
[0063] If multiple redundant mechanisms are still not accurately identified, an error prompt will be triggered and repair operations will be performed.
[0064] Among them, the advantages of the redundancy mechanism include high reliability, reduced false recognition rate, flexibility and scalability, low cost and easy implementation, etc. Specifically: High reliability: Through multi-pin redundancy and weighted averaging, recognition errors caused by single pin failure or signal interference are greatly reduced.
[0065] Reduce the false recognition rate: The redundancy mechanism plus re-reading and verification ensure the stability of the recognition process, and accurate recognition can be achieved even in the case of environmental interference or hardware instability.
[0066] Flexibility and scalability: The number and weight mechanism of redundant pins can be adjusted as needed to adapt to system requirements of different complexity.
[0067] Low cost and easy implementation: Compared with introducing complex hardware redundancy design (such as multiplexers or redundant circuit boards), this mechanism achieves redundancy by increasing pins and software-level processing, which improves cost performance.
[0068] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention shown in the above description are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention may be deformed or modified in any way without departing from the principles.
Claims
1. A method for identifying different types of boards, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. Preset at least one dedicated pin for type identification on the video board, the level state of the pin is related to the board type, the level state includes high level and low level, and each level combination represents a specific type of board; b. The MCU on the mainboard is configured with a plurality of GPIO ports for reading the level status of the dedicated pins, and the MCU reads the pin level through an interrupt mechanism or a timing polling mechanism; c. The MCU compares the read level status with the internally stored level status table and determines the type of the video board by the level combination; d. If the comparison is successful, the MCU feeds back the recognition result to the main system for subsequent operations; if the comparison fails, the MCU starts the error handling mechanism and provides an alternative diagnostic method.
2. The method for identifying different types of boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The level status table includes a plurality of pin level combinations, each level combination corresponds to a different video board type, and the level combination is represented by a combination of a plurality of pins.
3. The method for identifying different types of boards according to claim 2, characterized in that: The level status table is stored in the MCU memory through a configuration file or hard-coded form, and each level combination represents a board type, such as an analog acquisition card, a digital acquisition card, a soft compression card, etc.
4. The method for identifying different types of boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the MCU reads the level status, a de-jitter mechanism is adopted to read the level multiple times and confirm it, so as to ensure that the level status is stable before comparison is performed.
5. The method for identifying different types of boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the read level status does not match any combination in the level status table, the MCU triggers the error handling mechanism to report an unrecognized board type or perform alternate diagnosis.
6. The method for identifying different types of boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising the steps of: A redundant level state is provided through a plurality of redundant pins to enhance the reliability of identification. The redundant pin has the same level output as the main pin and is used to verify the level state of the main pin.
7. The method for identifying different types of boards according to claim 6, characterized in that: During level comparison, if the level status of the redundant pin is inconsistent with that of the main pin, the system makes a comprehensive judgment through the weighted average method, gives priority to the pin with higher level stability, and finally determines the board type.
8. The method for identifying different types of boards according to claim 7, characterized in that: The weighted average method assigns different weights to different pins, so that pins with higher weights contribute more to level judgment, thereby reducing the impact of interfering pins on the recognition result.
9. The method for identifying different types of boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the MCU reads the level for the first time, it re-reads and verifies to confirm whether the level is stable. If the two reading results are consistent, the subsequent identification operation continues; If they are inconsistent, the error recovery mechanism is triggered.
10. A method for identifying different types of boards according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: When redundant pins and the weighted average method cannot accurately identify the fault, the system automatically falls back to the default state through the error recovery mechanism, or notifies the user through the debug interface to perform troubleshooting.