Ecological planting method for atractylodes macrocephala koidz through optimized combined application of farmyard manure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of atractylodes macrocephala ecological planting, and particularly relates to a method for atractylodes macrocephala ecological planting through optimized combined application of farmyard manure, which comprises the following steps: S1, selecting fertile and ventilated sandy loam with good drainage performance as a land for atractylodes macrocephala planting; s2, applying an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to the planting field of the bighead atractylodes rhizome; s3, uniform sowing is conducted, after sowing, straw or leaves are covered, and the soil is kept moist; s4, weeding, soil loosening, irrigation, drainage and topdressing are carried out in the seedling raising period; s5, removing the flower buds, wherein the flower buds need to be timely removed in batches when being removed. According to the ecological planting method for the atractylodes macrocephala koidz through optimized combined application of the farmyard manure, the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer is used, comprehensive and balanced nutrients needed by growth of the atractylodes macrocephala koidz are provided, the soil structure is remarkably improved, the content of organic matter in soil is increased, the water and fertilizer retention capacity and air permeability of the soil are improved, and sustainable planting of the atractylodes macrocephala koidz is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala, and in particular to a method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala with optimized application of farmyard manure. Background Art

[0002] Atractylodes macrocephala is the dried rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala, a plant of the genus Atractylodes in the Asteraceae family. Atractylodes macrocephala was first recorded as a medicinal material in the Shennong Bencao Jing and was listed as a top-grade product. As early as the Ming Dynasty, it was used as a tribute by Jinhua Prefecture. It is also one of the most commonly used Chinese medicinal materials with a high frequency of prescriptions in my country. Doctors call it "Nine Atractylodes in Ten Prescriptions" and "Atractylodes macrocephala in the South and Ginseng in the North". Traditional Chinese medicine believes that Atractylodes macrocephala is warm in nature, sweet and bitter in taste, and has the effects of strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi, drying dampness and promoting diuresis, and calming the fetus. It is an important medicine for strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi.

[0003] At present, in the prior art, chemical fertilizers are generally used to increase the yield of Atractylodes macrocephala, but long-term single use of chemical fertilizers will lead to an imbalance in the mineral ratio in the soil, a decrease in the organic matter content, the destruction of the soil aggregate structure, a decrease in the proportion of inactive pores, soil compaction, poor air permeability and water permeability, and thus reduce soil fertility, which is not conducive to the long-term growth and yield stability of Atractylodes macrocephala. When farmyard manure is used, the yield-increasing effect of Atractylodes macrocephala is not good. In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for optimizing the application of farmyard manure for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the application of farmyard manure, which can solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the application of farmyard manure proposed in the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Select fertile, well-drained and ventilated sandy loam for planting Atractylodes macrocephala;

[0007] S2. Applying organic and inorganic compound fertilizers to the planting site of Atractylodes macrocephala;

[0008] Before applying fertilizer, it is necessary to detect whether there are underground pests in the soil. After detecting underground pests in the soil, insecticides need to be applied before ploughing. After applying fertilizer, the soil is plowed 15-20 cm deep, raked and leveled to make 0.8-1.0 m ridges with a turtle back shape and drainage ditches around.

[0009] S3, sow evenly, and after sowing, cover with straw or leaves to keep the soil moist;

[0010] S4. Weeding, soil loosening, irrigation and drainage, and topdressing during the seedling raising period;

[0011] S5. Remove the flower buds. Remove them in batches and in a timely manner, and remove them every 7 days or so. Remove the flower buds when their diameter is less than 1 cm, and cut them off when their diameter is not less than 1 cm. Be careful not to shake the roots of the plants.

[0012] S6. For pest and disease control, select farm varieties with better resistance, adopt agricultural control as the main method, supplemented by physical, biological and chemical control;

[0013] S7. Harvesting and processing: When the leaves of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings turn yellow, choose a sunny day to dig up the rhizomes, cut off the stems and fine roots at the tail, remove diseased and damaged plants, and spread them in a cool and ventilated place for 1-2 days. Store them after the epidermis turns white, and dry the rhizomes.

[0014] Preferably, in the fertilization process of step S2, 100kg-150kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 40kg-50kg of calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer are applied per mu. When the seedlings are in full growth, 15kg-20kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 15kg-20kg of ammonium bicarbonate are applied per mu. When the seedling height is 30cm-40cm, 15kg-20kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 10kg of urea are applied per mu. After the buds are picked, 15kg-20kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is applied per mu. After closing the rows, spray urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution on the roots in the evening or on cloudy days depending on the seedling conditions.

[0015] Preferably, the main indicators of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer are organic matter ≥ 20%, total nutrients ≥ 15%, and the content ratio of N, P2O5, and K2O is 12:8:10. The main indicators of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary compound fertilizer are N, P2O5, and K2O 15% each.

[0016] Preferably, the spraying concentration of the urea is 0.5% to 1%, and the spraying concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution is 0.1% to 0.2%.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, seed treatment is required before sowing. Common methods include soaking seeds in warm water and mixing seeds with chemicals. When treating seeds, new seeds harvested last year, with full grains and free of diseases and insect pests should be selected.

[0018] Preferably, row sowing and hole sowing can be selected during sowing in step S3. When sowing in row, shallow furrows are dug with a row spacing of 15-20 cm, the seeds are evenly scattered into the furrows, and the soil is covered with a thickness of 1-1.5 cm. When sowing in holes, holes are dug with a row spacing of 20 cm × 25 cm, 3-5 seeds are sown in each hole, and the soil is also covered with a thickness of 1-1.5 cm.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, when about 80% of the Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings have emerged, the covering grass is removed, and when the seedlings are 10-15 cm tall, the soil is loosened once in combination with weeding, and the seedlings are simultaneously transplanted at a spacing of 3-4 cm. The weeding and loosening process should not be performed after rain or when the dew is not dry. During the growth period of Atractylodes macrocephala, intertillage and weeding need to be performed 3-4 times to keep the field free of weeds, and topdressing needs to be performed 3-4 times, which can be combined with intertillage and weeding.

[0020] Preferably, in step S4, topdressing needs to be performed 3-4 times, and can be performed together with inter-row cultivation and weeding.

[0021] Preferably, in step S6, diseased plants, diseased leaves, and branches and leaves with insects and eggs are promptly removed at the early stage of the occurrence of pests and diseases, and taken out of the field for destruction; physical control mainly utilizes the tropism of pests, and uses frequency-vibrating insecticidal lamps or hanging yellow sticky insect boards to lure and kill them; biological control mainly protects, utilizes and releases natural enemies, or uses biological agents such as Bacillus subtilis to control pests and diseases; chemical control should use pesticides registered with Atractylodes macrocephala by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in a standardized manner.

[0022] Preferably, when the rhizomes are dried in step S7, they should be graded according to the root type, with the diameter of the middle part of the root not less than 8 cm being coarse roots, and the diameter of the middle part of the root less than 8 cm being fine roots; the fresh rhizomes are spread indoors until the surface moisture is slightly dry, and the temperature is controlled at 80°C to 100°C to bake until the fibrous roots are brittle and hard; then, they are baked at 50°C to 60°C for 2 hours and then rolled off with a roller; the baking is continued at 50°C to 60°C, with the fine roots being baked for 10 hours to 14 hours and the coarse roots being baked for 14 hours to 18 hours; the roots are taken out and stacked for 6 to 7 days to allow the internal moisture to seep out, and then baked at 50°C to 60°C until the moisture content is below 15%.

[0023] The present invention provides a method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the application of farmyard manure. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The method of optimizing the application of farmyard manure for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by using organic-inorganic compound fertilizers not only provides comprehensive and balanced nutrients required for the growth of Atractylodes macrocephala, but also significantly improves the soil structure, increases the organic matter content in the soil, and improves the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and air permeability, which is beneficial to the balanced development of soil microbial communities, promotes the virtuous cycle of soil ecology, and provides a stable and high-quality soil environment for the long-term growth of Atractylodes macrocephala. Compared with chemical fertilizers, this method avoids problems such as soil compaction, decreased fertility and acidification, and is beneficial to the sustainable planting of Atractylodes macrocephala.

[0025] (2) The method of optimizing the application of farmyard manure for ecological cultivation of Atractylodes macrocephala. The organic matter and trace elements in the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer can improve the quality of Atractylodes macrocephala, such as increasing the content and proportion of medicinal ingredients and improving its appearance and taste. In addition, through scientific and reasonable fertilization management and pest and disease control measures, the growth and development of Atractylodes macrocephala is more robust, the stress resistance is enhanced, the occurrence of pests and diseases is reduced, thereby improving the yield and quality stability.

[0026] (3) The method of optimizing the application of farmyard manure for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala This method reduces the use of chemical fertilizers, reduces pollution to the environment, and especially reduces the degree of damage to soil and water resources. The organic matter in the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer mostly comes from organic waste, which realizes the recycling of resources and reduces the discharge of waste. At the same time, through the comprehensive use of various means such as agricultural prevention, physical prevention and biological prevention, the use of chemical pesticides is reduced, and the negative impact on the ecological environment is reduced. This ecological planting method is conducive to the sustainable development of agriculture and conforms to the green and environmental protection concept of modern agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the effect of different fertilization and base fertilizer treatments on the commercial yield of Atractylodes macrocephala in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the effect of different seedling fertilizer treatments on the commercial yield of Atractylodes macrocephala in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the effect of different bud fertilizer treatments on the commercial yield of Atractylodes macrocephala in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the quality of Atractylodes macrocephala obtained by different processing methods of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature control characteristics of the calcination processing mode of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature control characteristics of the drying room processing mode of the present invention.

[0034] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention provides a method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the application of farmyard manure, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1. Select fertile, well-drained and ventilated sandy loam for planting Atractylodes macrocephala;

[0038] S2. Applying organic and inorganic compound fertilizers to the planting site of Atractylodes macrocephala;

[0039] Among them, before fertilization, it is necessary to detect whether the soil contains underground pests. After detecting that the soil contains underground pests, insecticides need to be applied before arable land. After fertilization, the soil is deep-turned 15-20 cm, raked and leveled, and made into 0.8-1.0 m furrows. The furrow surface is in the shape of a turtle back, and drainage ditches are opened around. In the fertilization process of step S2, 100kg-150kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 40kg-50kg of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer are applied per mu. When the seedlings are in full growth, 15kg-20kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 15kg-20kg of ammonium bicarbonate are applied per mu. When the seedling height is 30cm-40cm, 15kg-20kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 10kg of urea are applied per mu. After picking the flower buds, 15kg-20kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is applied per mu. After closing the rows, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution are sprayed on the roots in the evening or on cloudy days depending on the seedling conditions. Among them, the main indicators of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers are organic matter ≥ 20%, total nutrients ≥ 15%, and the content ratio of N, P2O5, and K2O is 12:8:10. The main indicators of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ternary compound fertilizers are N, P2O5, and K2O 15% each, the spraying concentration of urea is 0.5% to 1%, and the spraying concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution is 0.1% to 0.2%.

[0040] S3, sow evenly, and after sowing, cover with straw or leaves to keep the soil moist;

[0041] Among them, seeds need to be treated before sowing. Common methods include soaking seeds in warm water and mixing seeds with pesticides. When treating seeds, new seeds harvested last year, with full grains and no diseases and pests should be selected. When sowing, row sowing and hole sowing can be selected. When sowing, shallow trenches are dug with a row spacing of 15-20 cm, and the seeds are evenly scattered into the trenches, and covered with 1-1.5 cm thick soil. For hole sowing, holes are dug with a row spacing of 20 cm × 25 cm, and 3-5 seeds are sown in each hole, and the soil is also covered with 1-1.5 cm thick.

[0042] S4. Weeding, soil loosening, irrigation and drainage, and topdressing during the seedling raising period;

[0043] Among them, when about 80% of the Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings have emerged, remove the covering grass. When the seedlings are 10-15 cm tall, combine weeding and shallowly loosen the soil once. At the same time, the seedlings are fixed at a spacing of 3-4 cm. The weeding and loosening process should not be carried out after rain or when the dew is not dry. During the growth period of Atractylodes macrocephala, intertillage and weeding are required 3-4 times to keep the field free of weeds. It needs to be carried out 3-4 times when topdressing, which can be combined with intertillage and weeding. It needs to be carried out 3-4 times when topdressing, which can be combined with intertillage and weeding.

[0044] S5. Remove the flower buds. Remove them in batches and in a timely manner, and remove them every 7 days or so. Remove the flower buds when their diameter is less than 1 cm, and cut them off when their diameter is not less than 1 cm. Be careful not to shake the roots of the plants.

[0045] S6. For pest and disease control, select farm varieties with better resistance, adopt agricultural control as the main method, supplemented by physical, biological and chemical control;

[0046] Among them, during the peak period of pests and diseases, it is recommended to use one drug for multiple treatments and alternate drug control methods, and implement them according to the provisions of NY / T 1276. The main diseases of Atractylodes macrocephala include iron leaf disease, white rot, damping-off disease, root rot, etc.; the main pests are aphids, white grubs, etc.; agricultural control requires strengthening field management and reasonable fertilization; timely killing of pests found during land preparation; timely removal of diseased plants, diseased leaves, and branches and leaves with insects and eggs at the early stage of pests and diseases, and taking them out of the field for destruction; physical control mainly uses the tendency of pests, and uses frequency vibration insecticidal lamps or hanging yellow sticky insect boards for trapping and killing. Insecticidal lamps should comply with the provisions of GB / T 24689.2. The lamps should be hung from early May to late October, and should not be turned on during thunderstorms. Yellow sticky insect boards can be used to control winged aphids. The sticky insect boards should be hung 10cm to 15cm from the top of the plants, with 30 to 40 boards hung per acre. Biological control mainly involves protecting, utilizing and releasing natural enemies, or using biological agents such as Bacillus subtilis to control diseases and pests. Chemical control should use pesticides registered with Atractylodes macrocephala by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in a standardized manner.

[0047] S7, harvesting and processing, when the leaves of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings turn yellow, choose a sunny day to dig up the rhizomes, cut off the stems and tail roots, remove the diseased and residual plants, and spread them in a cool and ventilated place for 1-2 days. Store them after the epidermis of the Atractylodes macrocephala turns white, and dry the rhizomes;

[0048] When the rhizomes are dried, they should be graded according to the root type, with the diameter of the middle part of the root not less than 8cm being the coarse root, and the diameter of the middle part of the root less than 8cm being the fine root; the fresh rhizomes are spread indoors until the surface moisture is slightly dry, and the temperature is controlled at 80℃-100℃ to bake until the fibrous roots are brittle and hard; then they are baked at 50℃-60℃ for 2 hours and then the fibrous roots are rolled off with a roller; they are continued to be baked at 50℃-60℃, with the fine roots being baked for 10 hours-14 hours and the coarse roots being baked for 14 hours-18 hours; they are taken out and piled up for 6-7 days to allow the internal moisture to seep out, and then they are baked at 50℃-60℃ until the moisture content is below 15%.

[0049] In the process of fertilizing Atractylodes macrocephala, the effect of applying organic and inorganic compound fertilizers of different qualities on the rhizome yield of Atractylodes macrocephala was tested, and the yield of Atractylodes macrocephala with ordinary chemical fertilizers (CK) was set as a comparative reference. The specific yield effects are as follows:

[0050] Difference processing Base fertilizer (mu) <![CDATA[10m 2 Output / kg]]> CK Three-element compound fertilizer 50kg 6.29±0.87b Fertilization treatment-1 Organic and inorganic compound fertilizer 70kg 5.41±0.66a Fertilization treatment-2 Organic and inorganic compound fertilizer 100kg 6.64±0.21b Fertilization treatment-3 Organic and inorganic compound fertilizer 150kg 6.27±0.51b Fertilization treatment-4 Organic and inorganic compound fertilizer 200kg 6.31±0.90b

[0051]

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] The test results show that the appropriate application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers can achieve a similar rhizome yield of Atractylodes macrocephala as the full application of chemical fertilizers.

[0055] The difference in the yield of Atractylodes rhizomes obtained by traditional fire-cooking and drying is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] Comparing the water loss characteristics of medicinal materials processed by fire-cooking and drying, the water loss trends of medicinal materials under the two treatments are similar, and the water loss rate of medicinal materials processed by drying is more stable and controllable. At the same time, after different types of rhizomes are processed by modern machinery, the content of various quality components is not significantly different from that of Atractylodes macrocephala samples obtained by classical processing methods, that is, modern drying room processing can obtain Atractylodes macrocephala samples with the same quality as traditional fire-cooking processing methods.

[0058] It should be noted that this method, by using organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, not only provides comprehensive and balanced nutrients required for the growth of Atractylodes macrocephala, but also significantly improves the soil structure, increases the organic matter content in the soil, and improves the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and air permeability, which is beneficial to the balanced development of soil microbial communities, promotes the benign cycle of soil ecology, and provides a stable and high-quality soil environment for the long-term growth of Atractylodes macrocephala. Compared with chemical fertilizers, this method avoids problems such as soil compaction, decreased fertility and acidification, is beneficial to the sustainable cultivation of Atractylodes macrocephala, reduces the use of chemical pesticides, and reduces the negative impact on the ecological environment.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the application of farmyard manure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select fertile, well-drained and ventilated sandy loam for planting Atractylodes macrocephala; S2. Applying organic and inorganic compound fertilizers to the planting site of Atractylodes macrocephala; Before applying fertilizer, it is necessary to detect whether there are underground pests in the soil. After detecting underground pests in the soil, insecticides need to be applied before ploughing. After applying fertilizer, the soil is plowed 15-20 cm deep, raked and leveled to make 0.8-1.0 m ridges with a turtle back shape and drainage ditches around. S3, sow evenly, and after sowing, cover with straw or leaves to keep the soil moist; S4. Weeding, soil loosening, irrigation and drainage, and topdressing during the seedling raising period; S5. Remove the flower buds. Remove them in batches and in a timely manner, and remove them every 7 days or so. Remove the flower buds when their diameter is less than 1 cm, and cut them off when their diameter is not less than 1 cm. Be careful not to shake the roots of the plants. S6. For pest and disease control, select farm varieties with better resistance, adopt agricultural control as the main method, supplemented by physical, biological and chemical control; S7. Harvesting and processing: When the leaves of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings turn yellow, choose a sunny day to dig up the rhizomes, cut off the stems and fine roots at the tail, remove diseased and damaged plants, and spread them in a cool and ventilated place for 1-2 days. Store them after the epidermis turns white, and dry the rhizomes.

2. The method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the combination of farmyard manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fertilization process of step S2, 100kg-150kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 40kg-50kg of calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer are applied per mu. When the seedlings are full, 15kg-20kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 15kg-20kg of ammonium bicarbonate are applied per mu. When the seedlings are 30cm-40cm high, 15kg-20kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 10kg of urea are applied per mu. After the buds are picked, 15kg-20kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is applied per mu. After closing the rows, spray urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution on the roots in the evening or on cloudy days depending on the seedling conditions.

3. The method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the combination of farmyard manure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main indicators of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer are organic matter ≥ 20%, total nutrients ≥ 15%, and the content ratio of N, P2O5, and K2O is 12:8:

10. The main indicators of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary compound fertilizer are N, P2O5, and K2O 15% each.

4. The method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the combination of farmyard manure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spraying concentration of the urea is 0.5% to 1%, and the spraying concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution is 0.1% to 0.2%.

5. The method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the combination of farmyard manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, seeds need to be treated before sowing. Common methods include soaking seeds in warm water and mixing seeds with chemicals. When treating seeds, new seeds harvested last year with full grains and free of diseases and insect pests should be selected.

6. The method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the combination of farmyard manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, row sowing and hole sowing can be selected for sowing. When sowing in row, shallow furrows are dug with a row spacing of 15-20 cm, and the seeds are evenly scattered in the furrows, and covered with 1-1.5 cm thick soil. For hole sowing, holes are dug with a row spacing of 20 cm×25 cm, 3-5 seeds are sown in each hole, and the soil is also covered with 1-1.5 cm thick soil.

7. The method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the combination of farmyard manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when about 80% of the Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings have emerged, the covering grass is removed. When the seedlings are 10-15 cm tall, the soil is loosened once in combination with weeding. At the same time, the seedlings are transplanted at a spacing of 3-4 cm. The weeding and loosening process should not be carried out after rain or when the dew is not dry. During the growth period of Atractylodes macrocephala, inter-row cultivation and weeding are required 3-4 times to keep the field free of weeds. This process needs to be carried out 3-4 times when applying topdressing, and can be combined with inter-row cultivation and weeding.

8. The method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the combination of farmyard manure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, topdressing needs to be performed 3-4 times, and can be performed together with inter-row cultivation and weeding.

9. The method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the combination of farmyard manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, diseased plants, diseased leaves, and branches and leaves with insects and eggs are promptly removed at the early stage of the occurrence of pests and diseases, and taken out of the field for destruction; physical control mainly utilizes the pest tendency, and uses frequency-vibrating insecticidal lamps or hanging yellow sticky insect boards to lure and kill them; biological control mainly protects, utilizes and releases natural enemies, or uses biological agents such as Bacillus subtilis to control pests and diseases; chemical control should use standardized pesticides registered by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Atractylodes macrocephala.

10. The method for ecological planting of Atractylodes macrocephala by optimizing the combination of farmyard manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the rhizomes are dried in step S7, they should be graded according to the root type. The roots with a diameter of not less than 8 cm in the middle are coarse roots, and the roots with a diameter of less than 8 cm in the middle are fine roots. The fresh rhizomes are spread indoors until the surface moisture is slightly dry, and the temperature is controlled at 80° C. to 100° C. to bake until the fibrous roots are brittle and hard. After baking at 50° C. to 60° C. for 2 hours, the fibrous roots are rolled off with a roller. The drying is continued at 50° C. to 60° C., wherein the fine roots are baked for 10 hours to 14 hours, and the coarse roots are baked for 14 hours to 18 hours. The roots are taken out and stacked for 6 to 7 days to allow the internal moisture to seep out, and then baked at 50° C. to 60° C. to the moisture content below 15%.

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